scholarly journals Development of principles for construction of a rational method for formalization the assessment process of the negative impact of the environmental problem on the competitive market

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4(60)) ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
Olena Zhytkevych
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Climate Policy ◽  
Environmental Problem ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Rational Method ◽  
Competitive Market ◽  
Assessment Process ◽  
Large Field ◽  
Wide Range

The object of research is environmental issue, caused by global warming which has negative impact on market. Since, any negative impact is associated with externalities, a market cannot be considered as an efficient market. According to the literature research, market with externalities cannot recover by itself.Thus, one of the most problematic places is the proper identification of the problem related to environmental factors. The identified problem and its impact on a market should be modeled to determine possible negative effects on market participants. Based on the study’s results it is possible to approach the development of alternative solutions to the problem in order to increase economic efficiency. Because environmental factors are dynamic and have significant impact on a market, it is not possible to ignore such a relationship, which can lead to a source of a wide range of dangers.The problem can be attributed to the not studied enough, which, in turn, provides a large field of activity for its further study.One of the productive ways to solve this problem is to perform an economic analysis of the environmental problem as an external problem and develop principles for building a rational method of formalizing the assessing process for the negative impact of environmental problems on the competitive market. This will make it possible to automate the process, which will serve as a basic aspect of developing a plan of further actions.To achieve this aim, the author analyzed the environmental factors caused by climate change and have an impact on the ecosystem and markets. The foundations and needs for a climate policy were also analyzed. The climate policy is designed to improve the situation. The basic principles of constructing a rational method of formalizing the process of assessing the negative impact of environmental problems on the competitive market have been proposed by the author.

Analysis on Consumption Causes of Environmental Problem

2014 ◽  
Vol 962-965 ◽  
pp. 2157-2160
Author(s):  
Yong Chun Wu ◽  
Lian Feng Xu
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
Environmental Problem ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Consumption Patterns ◽  
Ecological Environment ◽  
Production Development

The negative impact of consumption on the ecological environment has long been ignored, However, environmental problems whether caused by population growth, technological progress or production development are closely related to the consumption. This paper argues that the improper consumption patterns driven by consumption desire, are the deep reasons of the resource crisis and environmental degradation, On this basis, this paper expounds the consumption causes of environmental problems.

scholarly journals Electronic Waste, an Environmental Problem Exported to Developing Countries: The GOOD, the BAD and the UGLY

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 5302
Author(s):  
Samuel Abalansa ◽  
Badr El Mahrad ◽  
John Icely ◽  
Alice Newton
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Environmental Problem ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Electronic Waste ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Laws And Policies ◽  
The Impact

Electronic waste (e-waste) is a rapidly developing environmental problem particularly for the most developed countries. There are technological solutions for processing it, but these are costly, and the cheaper option for most developed countries has been to export most of the waste to less developed countries. There are various laws and policies for regulating the processing of e-waste at different governance scales such as the international Basel Convention, the regional Bamoko Convention, and various national laws. However, many of the regulations are not fully implemented and there is substantial financial pressure to maintain the jobs created for processing e-waste. Mexico, Brazil, Ghana Nigeria, India, and China have been selected for a more detailed study of the transboundary movements of e-waste. This includes a systematic review of existing literature, the application of the Driver, Pressure, State, Impact, Response (DPSIR) framework for analysing complex problems associated with social ecological systems, and the application of the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) for evaluating the environmental impact of electronic devices from their manufacture through to their final disposal. Japan, Italy, Switzerland, and Norway have been selected for the LCA to show how e-waste is diverted to developing countries, as there is not sufficient data available for the assessment from the selected developing countries. GOOD, BAD and UGLY outcomes have been identified from this study: the GOOD is the creation of jobs and the use of e-waste as a source of raw materials; the BAD is the exacerbation of the already poor environmental conditions in developing countries; the UGLY is the negative impact on the health of workers processing e-waste due to a wide range of toxic components in this waste. There are a number of management options that are available to reduce the impact of the BAD and the UGLY, such as adopting the concept of a circular economy, urban mining, reducing loopholes and improving existing policies and regulations, as well as reducing the disparity in income between the top and bottom of the management hierarchy for e-waste disposal. The overarching message is a request for developed countries to help developing countries in the fight against e-waste, rather than exporting their environmental problems to these poorer regions.

scholarly journals Regional and Environmental Factors in the Mental Component of Human Potential

REGIONOLOGY ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-171
Author(s):  
Igor V. Gordin ◽  
Elena V. Ryumina
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Environmental Disaster ◽  
Systematic Account ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Wide Range

Introduction. The study is of relevance as the influence of environmental factors is growing in all socio-economic and socio-psychological processes of modern society. Based on the study conducted, the article analyzes the processes of interaction between environmental factors and the mentality of a person and society. Materials and Methods. Works of Russian and foreign researchers on the interdependence of mentality and the environmental situation, as well as the authors' own long-term studies of this relationship were used as materials for the study. Particular attention was paid to such factors as natural resources, hypertrophied consumption, pollution and degradation of the natural environment. When examining the issue of anthropogenic destruction of the biosphere and the relationship of these processes with mentality, the ecological characteristics of the current stage of world development, specific regional problems of Russia and other countries and regions were considered. The main research method employed was the systemic socio-eco-economic analysis of situations and the systematic account of the key characteristics of regional specificity. Results. Dependence of mentality on regional environmental factors has been revealed. The processes of formation of the environmental mentality in various social groups, the regularities of the influence of the mentality of the population, business, government agencies on the emergence and development of environmental problems have been analyzed. The case study of Russia’s regions with the most acute environmental problems has shown that it is the traditional mentality that is largely the cause of the emergence and escalation of conflict situations. The principles of consistent environmentalization of the mentality of the population, business, federal and regional government agencies have been stated. Discussion and Conclusion. The idea that it is the mentality of the human consumer and that of the mass consumption society that is steadily leading to an environmental disaster is gaining the understanding very slowly. There is a need for increasing efforts to systematically environmentalize the mentality when perceiving world, regional, and local problems. The article will be useful to a wide range of specialists in the analysis and synthesis of socio-eco-economic systems. The results of the study may be applied for prevention and de-escalation of regional and interregional conflicts associated with environment and nature conservation.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF THE QUALITY OF LIFE IN THE POPULATION OF THE REGION BY THE MULTI-DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS

2018 ◽  
Vol 97 (10) ◽  
pp. 979-984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaroslav A. Leshchenko ◽  
A. A. Lisovtsov
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Clear Correlation ◽  
Average Life ◽  
Average Life Expectancy ◽  
Wide Range

Introduction. The methodology of studying the quality of life is one of the intensively developed scientific directions. The aim of the work is to assess the quality of life in the population of the region on the basis of multidimensional mathematical analysis of a wide range of environmental factors and living conditions. Material and methods. The study was conducted on the example of the Irkutsk region. In order to establish the features of the formation of the quality of life under the influence of a wide range of environmental factors, methods of multivariate factor analysis have been used. At the first stage, the principal components analysis was applied. At the next stage, the analysis of the relationship between the eigenvalues of the main components and the index of the average life expectancy was carried out with the correlation-regression analysis. Results. The most significant indices were established to positively characterize the improvement of the quality of life in the population of the region as follows: housing security and accessibility of housing, income, marriage and fertility rates, the level of pensions, the health system’s supply of human resources. Indices mostly reflecting the negative impact of the habitat on the quality of life are: the prevalence of syphilis, alcoholism, tuberculosis; number of abortions; the score of the migration outflow of the population; levels of poverty and unemployment; the level of water pollution; the score of social environment criminality; provision of the population with a bed fund, etc. There was an increase in the quality of life in the population of the region, accompanied by an increase in the average life expectancy of men and women in 1999-2014. Discussion. The applied methodology is used in epidemiological and ecological studies by domestic and foreign authors. In studies with similar objects and subject of research, but using other methods of factor analysis, similar results were obtained. Conclusion. The main vector of changes in the quality of life in the population of the region was the strongest clear correlation with individual socio-economic and demographic indices; the strongest inverse correlation was noted with the incidence rates of socially conditioned diseases, criminality, poverty, health system resources, etc.

Topics of Environmental Education Program in Coastal Areas

1992 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 253-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. O. Rennhack ◽  
D. M. W. Zee ◽  
E. S. Cunha ◽  
M. F. Portilho
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Education ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
State University ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Educational Support ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Supply Information

Researches and Studies made by the Department of Oceanography of the Institute of Geoscience of the State University of Rio de Janeiro UERJ, evidenced the need for educational support where environment-related questions were concerned. A wide range of environment problems tend to concentrate in coastal areas, owing to disordinate urban growth combined with the lack of substructure to cope with it A large number of these problems can be minimized through the participation of the local community. Thus the goals of environmental education are to supply information, to promote a change in the population's attitude toward environmental problems, besides stimulating its participation by fostering its sense of responsibility. Preliminary results have demonstrated that the community has shown great interest in the work that has been proposed, and it has contributed with participation, promising response. Environmental education is fundamental when we consider possible solutions for environmental problems in coastal urban centers. Only by educating the main cause of environmental problems, man himself, will it be possible to consider the question starting from its very origin. This abstract presents two pioneer experiments in the Municipio of Rio de Janeiro, which are “Muito Prazer Marapendi” (“Glad to know you, Marapendi”) and “Troca de Areias da Praia de Copacabana” (“Exchange of Sands in Copacabana Beach”).

Impact of Environmental Degradation on Human Health

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
_______ Archana ◽  
Charu Datta ◽  
Pratibha Tiwari
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
The People ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Economic Institute ◽  
Day By Day

Degradation of environment is one of the most serious challenges before the mankind in today’s world. Mankind has been facing a wide range of problem arising out of the degradation of environment. Not only the areas under human inhabitation, but the areas of the planet without human population have also been suffering from these problems. As the population increase day by day, the amenities are not improved simultaneously. With the advancement of science and technologies the needs of human beings has been changing rapidly. As a result different types of environmental problems have been rising. Environmental degradation is a wide- reaching problem and it is likely to influence the health of human population is great. It may be defined the deterioration of the environment through depletion of resources such as air, water, and soil. The destruction of ecosystem and extinction of wildlife. Environmental degradation has occurred due to the recent activities in the field of socio-economic, institute and technology. Poverty still remains a problem as the root of several environmental problems to create awareness among the people about the ill effect of environmental pollution. In the whole research it is clear that all factors of environmental degradation may be reduced through- Framing the new laws on environmental degradation, Environment friend policy, Controlling all the ways and means of noise, air, soil and water pollution, Through growing more and more trees and by adapting the proper sanitation policy.  

scholarly journals Behavioral medicine challenges in the shadow of a global pandemic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alyssa T Brooks ◽  
Hannah K Allen ◽  
Louise Thornton ◽  
Tracy Trevorrow
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Health Behavior ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Natural Experiment ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Future Data ◽  
Short And Long Term

Abstract Health behavior researchers should refocus and retool as it becomes increasingly clear that the challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic surpass the direct effects of COVID-19 and include unique, drastic, and ubiquitous consequences for health behavior. The circumstances of the pandemic have created a natural experiment, allowing researchers focusing on a wide range of health behaviors and populations with the opportunity to use previously collected and future data to study: (a) changes in health behavior prepandemic and postpandemic, (b) health behavior prevalence and needs amidst the pandemic, and (c) the effects of the pandemic on short- and long-term health behavior. Our field is particularly challenged as we attempt to consider biopsychosocial, political, and environmental factors that affect health and health behavior. These realities, while daunting, should call us to action to refocus and retool our research, prevention, and intervention efforts

scholarly journals ECO-DESIGN ACTIONS TO IMPROVE LIFE CYCLE ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE OF FACE MASKS IN THE PANDEMIC ERA

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 1333-1342
Author(s):  
Núria Boix Rodríguez ◽  
Marco Marconi ◽  
Claudio Favi ◽  
Giovanni Formentini
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Environmental Problem ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Single Use ◽  
Near Future

AbstractFace masks are currently considered essential devices that people must wear today and in the near future, until the COVID-19 pandemic will be completely defeated through specific medicines and vaccines. Such devices are generally made of thermoplastic polymers, as polypropylene and polyethylene and are single use products. Even if in this period the sanitary emergency must have the maximum priority, the world society should not completely forget the environmental problem that are causing more and more obvious climate changes with correlated damages to ecosystems and human health. Despite the well-known correlation among anti-COVID protective equipment (or more generally medical devices) and environmental issues, the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and eco-design-based studies in this field is very scarce. The present study aims to derive the most important environmental criticalities of such products, by using LCA and product circularity indicators of five different common masks. The final aim is to provide eco-design guidelines, useful to design new face masks by preventing negative impact on the environment.

scholarly journals Treatment patterns and appropriateness of antipsychotic prescriptions in patients with schizophrenia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Verónica Gamón ◽  
Isabel Hurtado ◽  
José Salazar-Fraile ◽  
Gabriel Sanfélix-Gimeno
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Treatment Patterns ◽  
Mental Condition ◽  
Comorbid Condition ◽  
Concomitant Treatment ◽  
Antipsychotic Medications ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
High Level

AbstractSchizophrenia is a chronic mental condition presenting a wide range of symptoms. Although it has a low prevalence compared to other mental conditions, it has a negative impact on social and occupational functions. This study aimed to assess the appropriateness of antipsychotic medications administered to schizophrenic patients and describe current treatment patterns for schizophrenia. A retrospective cohort study was conducted in all patients over the age of 15 with an active diagnosis of schizophrenia and treated with antipsychotics between 2008 and 2013 in the Valencia region. A total of 19,718 patients were eligible for inclusion. The main outcome assessed was inappropriateness of the pharmacotherapeutic management, including polypharmacy use. Altogether, 30.4% of patients received antipsychotic polypharmacy, and 6.8% were prescribed three or more antipsychotics. Overdosage affected 318 individuals (1.6%), and 21.5% used concomitant psychotropics without an associated psychiatric diagnosis. Women and people with a comorbid condition like anxiety or depression were less likely to receive antipsychotic polypharmacy. In contrast, increased polypharmacy was associated with concomitant treatment with other psychoactive drugs, and only in user on maintenance therapy, with more visits to the mental health hospital. Overall, we observed a high level of inappropriateness in antipsychotic prescriptions. Greater adherence to guidelines could maximize the benefits of antipsychotic medications while minimizing risk of adverse effects.

scholarly journals Production of Microfibrillated Cellulose from Fast-Growing Poplar and Olive Tree Pruning by Physical Pretreatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 6445
Author(s):  
David Ibarra ◽  
Raquel Martín-Sampedro ◽  
Bernd Wicklein ◽  
Úrsula Fillat ◽  
María E. Eugenio
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Olive Tree ◽  
Barrier Properties ◽  
Microfibrillated Cellulose ◽  
Mechanical Resistance ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Pfi Refining ◽  
Tree Pruning

Motivated by the negative impact of fossil fuel consumption on the environment, the need arises to produce materials and energy from renewable sources. Cellulose, the main biopolymer on Earth, plays a key role in this context, serving as a platform for the development of biofuels, chemicals and novel materials. Among the latter, micro- and nanocellulose have been receiving increasing attention in the last few years. Their many attractive properties, i.e., thermal stability, high mechanical resistance, barrier properties, lightweight, optical transparency and ease of chemical modification, allow their use in a wide range of applications, such as paper or polymer reinforcement, packaging, construction, membranes, bioplastics, bioengineering, optics and electronics. In view of the increasing demand for traditional wood pulp (e.g., obtained from eucalypt, birch, pine, spruce) for micro/nanocellulose production, dedicated crops and agricultural residues can be interesting as raw materials for this purpose. This work aims at achieving microfibrillated cellulose production from fast-growing poplar and olive tree pruning using physical pretreatment (PFI refining) before the microfibrillation stage. Both raw materials yielded microfibrillated cellulose with similar properties to that obtained from a commercial industrial eucalypt pulp, producing films with high mechanical properties and low wettability. According to these properties, different applications for cellulose microfibers suspensions and films are discussed.

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