Rank Status and Happiness in India: A Panel Ordered Probit Estimation of the Effect of Ordinal Relative Comparison on Well-being

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Lakshmanasamy ◽  
K. Maya
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Ordered Probit ◽  
Probit Regression ◽  
Differential Effects ◽  
Comparison Income ◽  
Average Reference ◽  
The Rich

Most often the social comparison or relative income hypothesis has been used as an explanation for the lack of systematic relationship between income and happiness, using the ordered probit regression method. The identification of relevant reference group and the estimation of the differential effects of comparison income have been controversial. To overcome these twin issues, this paper uses an ordinal comparison income approach based on rich/poor dichotomy and rank income. The rank income of an individual is defined as his relative position in the income distribution within the reference group and the average income of the reference group is used to define the rich/poor classification. The differential effects of ordinal incomes across life satisfaction distribution is estimated by the panel fixed effects ordered profit regression model using the WVS data for India. The estimated results show that ordinal income comparison, rather than cardinal average reference income, is a better predictor of life satisfaction levels. Raising income level is relatively important for less satisfied people while increasing rank status is important for highly satisfied people in India.

scholarly journals Impact of Work Value Perception on Workers’ Physical and Mental Health: Evidence from China

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1059
Author(s):  
Fan Yang ◽  
Yao Jiang ◽  
Xiaohong Pu
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Ordered Probit ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Probit Regression ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Value Perception ◽  
Work Value ◽  
The Relationship

Research on the effect of work value perception on workers’ health, especially in emerging economies, is scarce. This study, therefore, explored how work value perception affects the physical and mental health of workers in China. We also examined the mediating role of life satisfaction in the relationship between work value perception and health. Taking a random sample of 16,890 individuals in China, we used ordered probit regression and instrumental variable ordered probit regression to test the links between work value perception and workers’ health based on existence, relatedness, and growth (ERG) theory. The results showed that work value perception significantly affected both the physical and mental health of workers; the results remained robust after solving the endogeneity problem. The subsample regression results showed that work value perception significantly affected the physical and mental health of female, male, married, unmarried, religious, and nonreligious workers. Furthermore, life satisfaction mediated the effect of work value perception on workers’ health. These results shed light on the relationship between work value perception and health and thus have implications for improving workers’ physical and mental health. This study can provide a reference for both governmental and corporate policymakers in emerging economies.

scholarly journals Income Redistribution Predicts Greater Life Satisfaction Across Individual, National, and Cultural Characteristics.

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix Cheung
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Income Redistribution ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Cultural Characteristics ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Strong Hypothesis ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Over Time

The widening income gap between the rich and the poor has important social implications. Governmental-level income redistribution through tax and welfare policies presents an opportunity to reduce income inequality and its negative consequences. The current longitudinal studies examined whether within-region changes in income redistribution over time relate to life satisfaction. Moreover, I examined potential moderators of this relationship to test the strong versus weak hypotheses of income redistribution. The strong hypothesis posits that income redistribution is beneficial to most. The weak hypothesis posits that income redistribution is beneficial to some and damaging to others. Using a nationally representative sample of 57,932 German respondents from 16 German states across 30 years (Study 1) and a sample of 112,876 respondents from 33 countries across 24 years (Study 2), I found that within-state and within-nation changes in income redistribution over time were associated with life satisfaction. The models predicted that a 10% reduction in Gini through income redistribution in Germany increased life satisfaction to the same extent as an 37% increase in annual income (Study 1), and a 5% reduction in Gini through income redistribution increased life satisfaction to the same extent as a 11% increase in GDP (Study 2). These associations were positive across individual, national, and cultural characteristics. Increases in income redistribution predicted greater satisfaction for tax-payers and welfare-receivers, for liberals and conservatives, and for the poor and the rich. These findings support the strong hypothesis of income redistribution and suggest that redistribution policies may play an important role in societal well-being.

scholarly journals Not Getting What You Want? The Impact of Income Comparisons on Subjective Well-Being—Findings of a Population-Based Longitudinal Study in Germany

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (15) ◽  
pp. 2655
Author(s):  
André Hajek ◽  
Hans-Helmut König
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Net Income ◽  
The Impact

Previous studies have mainly focused on interindividual income comparisons (e.g., comparisons with colleagues or neighbors), whereas intraindividual income comparisons (i.e., difference between factual income and expectations) have rarely been investigated in well-being research. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the role of intraindividual income comparisons on subjective well-being (negative/positive emotions and life satisfaction) longitudinally. Data from 2005 to 2013 (biannually) were used from the German Socio-Economic Panel (GSOEP), a nationally representative, longitudinal study. Affective well-being (negative and positive emotions) were quantified by using the affective well-being scale-SOEP. Life satisfaction was quantified using the widely used one-item form. Intraindividual income comparisons were analyzed by using the distance between the own individual income and fair income (“how high would your net income have to be in order to be just”). We tested whether negative (i.e., factual income was lower than their self-rated just income) and positive income comparisons (otherwise) affect the outcome measures differently. Fixed effects regressions showed that positive emotions increased with positive income comparisons in the total sample (β = 0.16, p < 0.05). In contrast, negative income comparisons neither affect negative emotions nor satisfaction with life. Strategies to shift income expectations might be beneficial for increasing positive emotions.

scholarly journals Happy Hosts? International Tourist Arrivals and Residents’ Subjective Well-being in Europe

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 599-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artjoms Ivlevs
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Well Being ◽  
European Social Survey ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Tourism Impacts ◽  
Affective Component ◽  
International Tourist

While there has been a growing interest in the relationship between perceived tourism impacts and residents’ quality of life, little is known about how residents’ well-being is affected by actual tourist arrivals. This article studies the effect of international tourist arrivals on the subjective well-being—happiness and life satisfaction—of residents in European countries. Data come from the six waves of the European Social Survey, conducted in 32 countries in 2002-2013. The results of the OLS fixed-effects and instrumental-variable estimations suggest that tourist arrivals reduce residents’ life satisfaction. This negative relationship tends to be more pronounced in countries where tourism intensity is relatively high, as well as among people living in rural areas. In addition, tourist arrivals have a greater negative relationship with the evaluative component of subjective well-being (life satisfaction) than its affective component (happiness).

scholarly journals Asymmetric Social Comparison and Life Satisfaction in Social Networks

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Olivos ◽  
Pablo Olivos-Jara ◽  
Magdalena Browne
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Social Comparison ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The Social ◽  
Upward Comparison ◽  
Downward Comparison ◽  
Positive Effect

The aim of this study is to understand the effect of asymmetric social comparison on subjective well-being, and how it differs due to reciprocity. Our approach considers the social network of individuals as a local reference group. We tested competing hypotheses on negative and positive effects of comparison with worse-off (downward) and better-off (upward) targets with a representative sample of 1,596 Chileans over the age of 18. The findings support that life satisfaction is influenced by social comparison. By considering the social network as a reference group, the positive effect of downward comparison and the negative effect of upward comparison are confirmed. Upward comparison seems to be more substantial than downward comparison. Additionally, the positive effect of downward comparison decreases slightly with a reciprocal exchange of support between respondents and targets. The application of social network analysis opens a path to understanding the mechanisms underlying social comparison processes.

Longitudinal Associations Between Expectations of Receiving Care in the Future and Life Satisfaction Among Older Adults in Korea

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinho Kim ◽  
Heesoo Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Family Care ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Conclusive Evidence ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
The Future ◽  
Future Care

Abstract Objectives Uncertainty about receiving care and assistance in the future has been increasing among older adults in Korea. This study examines whether expectations about receiving care from various sources (i.e., formal and/or filial caregivers) are related to life satisfaction among older adults in Korea. Methods Using data from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing (N = 3,607, aged 65 or older), this study estimated fixed effects regression models to investigate longitudinal within-person associations between future care expectations and life satisfaction. Results The results of this study revealed that developing expectations of care from family caregivers is positively associated with life satisfaction. Beginning to expect care from non-family caregivers, however, is not associated with life satisfaction. When disaggregating different sources of care by family member type, expecting care from a spouse or daughter(s), but not son(s), is associated with higher life satisfaction. Gender-specific analyses showed that expecting care from daughter(s) is positively associated with life satisfaction among both men and women, whereas expectations of spousal care are associated with only men’s life satisfaction. This study also found suggestive but not conclusive evidence that an association between care expectations from family caregivers and life satisfaction is stronger among older adults with lower education. Discussion Reducing uncertainty about future care may improve older adults’ subjective well-being. Policymakers may consider policies and programs that support family care of the aged, and more fundamentally, encourage family involvement in the lives of older people.

Exposure to air pollution and crime in the neighbourhood

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (12) ◽  
pp. 1233-1253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oznur Ozdamar
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Blow Up ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Ordered Logit ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the determinants of life satisfaction in Turkey. Moreover, this study explores the effects of air pollution and crime problems on well-being. Design/methodology/approach The estimates are based on cross-sectional data from the health survey in Turkey during the years 2010 and 2012. Various econometric models are applied such as the ordered logit and the random-effects generalized latent class ordered logit. Moreover, using pseudo panel data created based on age and region cohorts adapted probit fixed effects and the “blow-up and cluster” estimators are applied. In addition, various estimates by sex, age group, urban and rural areas as well as between individuals with good and poor health status are followed. Findings The results show that the individuals who self-reported who are exposed to air pollution and crimes present on average 0.2-0.5 less satisfaction scores than those who are not exposed to air pollution and crimes. In terms of monetary values, they are willing to pay more than those who are not exposed to air pollution and crimes by 13-19 Turkish Liras per month. Moreover, the generalized latent class ordered logit shows that there is considerable heterogeneity among the most satisfied and least satisfied individuals. Originality/value The originality of the paper lies in the fact that this is the first study to provide an analysis of life satisfaction using micro-level data from Turkey. Moreover, various econometric approaches are applied to compare the results. In addition, examining the heterogeneous effects among individuals with different life satisfaction rankings, it is possible to examine the effects of various factors on well-being and how they differ among individuals. Finally, by examining exposure to air pollution and crimes in the neighbourhood and their effects on well-being, it is possible to control for characteristics of the deprived areas.

scholarly journals The Onset of Falls Reduces Subjective Well-Being. Findings of a Nationally Representative Longitudinal Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Hajek ◽  
Hans-Helmut König
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Satisfaction With Life Scale ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Older Individuals

Introduction: The prevalence of older individuals experiencing a fall is high. Moreover, falls can have deleterious effects on health status. Additionally, falls can affect the subjective well-being of individuals. However, there is a lack of studies examining the link between falls and subjective well-being. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate whether the onset of falling is associated with (intraindividual) decreases in subjective well-being in men and women.Materials and Methods: Longitudinal data (from wave 5 to wave 6) were taken from a population-based sample of individuals residing in private households in Germany [in our analytical sample: 3,906 observations (men), and 3,718 observations (women)]. Positive and negative affect were quantified using the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS). Life satisfaction was assessed using the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS).Results: Adjusting for various potential confounders, fixed effects regressions showed that the onset of falls was associated with a decrease in positive affect (β = 0.08, p &lt; 0.01), and an increase in negative affect (β = 0.07, p &lt; 0.01) among men. While the onset of falls was not associated with changes in positive affect in women, it was associated with a decrease in negative affect in women (β = 0.06, p &lt; 0.05). Sex differences were significant. The onset of falls was not associated with decreases in life satisfaction in men, nor in women.Discussion: The present study particularly highlights the link between the onset of falls and reduced affective well-being among men. Avoiding falls may contribute to maintaining affective well-being among middle-aged and older men.

scholarly journals Well-Being Before and After Pregnancy Termination: The Consequences of Abortion and Miscarriage on Satisfaction With Various Domains of Life

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Björn Huss
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Live Birth ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Pregnancy Termination ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Induced Abortion ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Domains Of Life

AbstractThe consequences of pregnancy outcomes other than live birth on subjective well-being have rarely been analysed in research to date. This study examines pre-event determinants as well as the temporary and long-term effects of induced abortion and miscarriage (spontaneous abortion) on satisfaction with various domains of life. The data were derived from the German Panel Analysis of Intimate Relationships and Family Dynamics (pairfam). The longitudinal sample consists of 5331 women of reproductive age, of whom 214 women had an induced abortion, 331 women had a miscarriage, and 1156 women had a live birth during the observation period. First, pre-event measures of women who had an induced abortion and women who had a miscarriage were compared with the pre-event measures of those women who gave birth. Second, fixed effects models were used to examine whether overall or domain-specific life satisfaction changed following a pregnancy termination. The results show that pregnancies resulting in abortion or miscarriage were less frequently preceded by pregnancy intentions compared to those resulting in live birth, and that induced abortion—but not miscarriage—was furthermore accompanied by lower pre-event satisfaction than live birth. Following both miscarriage and induced abortion, women experienced temporary declines in overall life satisfaction and showed persistently lower satisfaction in several domains of life. With regard to induced abortion, pre-event measures were a better predictor of overall well-being than the consequences of the event itself. Low life satisfaction might therefore be a risk factor for having an abortion rather than a result.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document