scholarly journals Germination and Dormancy in Annual Halophyte Juncus ranarius Song & Perr.

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 439-446
Author(s):  
Jeremi KOŁODZIEJEK ◽  
Jacek PATYKOWSKI
Keyword(s):  
Germination Rate ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Constant Light ◽  
Cold Stratification ◽  
Light Conditions ◽  
Dormancy Breaking ◽  
Physiological Dormancy ◽  
To Come ◽  
High Level ◽  
Saline Solutions

The effects of cold stratification and gibberellic acid (GA3) on dormancy breaking for seeds of the annual halophyte species Juncus ranarius were tested. Germination percentage and recovery responses of salt stressed seeds were also tested. Freshly collected seeds germinated slowly under all incubation conditions. Thus, the seeds of J. ranarius have physiological dormancy, e.g. they are water permeable, have a fully developed embryo and require cold stratification to come out of dormancy. Furthermore, promotion of germination by GA3 after-ripening in dry storage also indicated that these seeds have non-deep physiological dormancy. In general, the higher the GA3 concentration, the more germination occurred within the studied range. Juncus ranarius demonstrated a germination preference for light. The highest germination percentage and rate of germination were recorded under constant light conditions at 22 °C after 24 weeks of cold stratification. In saline solutions, the highest percentage of germination was obtained at 25 mM L-1 NaCl, and further increase in salinity resulted in a gradual decrease in germination. However, ungerminated seeds were not damaged by salt, showing a high level of recovery. The greater the reduction in salinity, the better the germination rate became. It was concluded that dormancy could be completely broken by cold stratification, indicating spring germination. Juncus ranarius can grow well at lower NaCl concentrations under constant light conditions at 22 °C.

scholarly journals Non-Deep Physiological Dormancy in Seed and Germination Requirements of Lysimachia coreana Nakai

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 490
Author(s):  
Saeng Geul Baek ◽  
Jin Hyun Im ◽  
Myeong Ja Kwak ◽  
Cho Hee Park ◽  
Mi Hyun Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Cold Stratification ◽  
Dormancy Breaking ◽  
Viability Test ◽  
Physiological Dormancy ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Germination Requirements

This study aimed to determine the type of seed dormancy and to identify a suitable method of dormancy-breaking for an efficient seed viability test of Lysimachia coreana Nakai. To confirm the effect of gibberellic acid (GA3) on seed germination at different temperatures, germination tests were conducted at 5, 15, 20, 25, 20/10, and 25/15 °C (12/12 h, light/dark), using 1% agar with 100, 250, and 500 mg·L−1 GA3. Seeds were also stratified at 5 and 25/15 °C for 6 and 9 weeks, respectively, and then germinated at the same temperature. Seeds treated with GA3 demonstrated an increased germination rate (GR) at all temperatures except 5 °C. The highest GR was 82.0% at 25/15 °C and 250 mg·L−1 GA3 (4.8 times higher than the control (14.0%)). Additionally, GR increased after cold stratification, whereas seeds did not germinate after warm stratification at all temperatures. After cold stratification, the highest GR was 56.0% at 25/15 °C, which was lower than the GR observed after GA3 treatment. We hypothesized that L. coreana seeds have a non-deep physiological dormancy and concluded that 250 mg·L−1 GA3 treatment is more effective than cold stratification (9 weeks) for L. coreana seed-dormancy-breaking.

Morphological and physiological dormancy in seeds of Aegopodium podagraria (Apiaceae) broken successively during cold stratification

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filip Vandelook ◽  
Nele Bolle ◽  
Jozef A. Van Assche
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Temperate Climate ◽  
Cold Stratification ◽  
Dormancy Breaking ◽  
Morphophysiological Dormancy ◽  
Temperature Requirement ◽  
Physiological Dormancy ◽  
Chilling Period

AbstractA low-temperature requirement for dormancy break has been observed frequently in temperate-climate Apiaceae species, resulting in spring emergence of seedlings. A series of experiments was performed to identify dormancy-breaking requirements of Aegopodium podagraria, a nitrophilous perennial growing mainly in mildly shaded places. In natural conditions, the embryos in seeds of A. podagraria grow in early winter. Seedlings were first observed in early spring and seedling emergence peaked in March and April. Experiments using temperature-controlled incubators revealed that embryos in seeds of A. podagraria grow only at low temperatures (5°C), irrespective of a pretreatment at higher temperatures. Seeds did not germinate immediately after embryo growth was completed, instead an additional cold stratification period was required to break dormancy completely. Once dormancy was broken, seeds germinated at a range of temperatures. Addition of gibberellic acid (GA3) had a positive effect on embryo growth in seeds incubated at 10°C and at 23°C, but it did not promote germination. Since seeds of A. podagraria have a low-temperature requirement for embryo growth and require an additional chilling period after completion of embryo growth, they exhibit characteristics of deep complex morphophysiological dormancy.

scholarly journals Dormancy-Breaking and Germination Requirements for Seeds of Sorbus alnifolia (Siebold & Zucc.) K.Koch (Rosaceae), a Mesic Forest Tree with High Ornamental Potential

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 319
Author(s):  
Yuhan Tang ◽  
Keliang Zhang ◽  
Yin Zhang ◽  
Jun Tao
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Seed Bank ◽  
Soil Seed Bank ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Cold Stratification ◽  
Dormancy Breaking ◽  
Breaking Dormancy

Sorbus alnifolia (Siebold & Zucc.) K.Koch (Rosaceae) is an economically important tree in the temperate forests of Eastern China. In recent decades, ever-increasing use and modification of forestlands have resulted in major degeneration of the natural habitat of S. alnifolia. Moreover, S. alnifolia seeds germinate in a complicated way, leading to a high cost of propagation. The current study aimed to determine the requirements for breaking seed dormancy and for germination as well as to characterize the type of seed dormancy present in this species. Moreover, the roles of temperature, cold/warm stratification, and gibberellic acid (GA3) in breaking dormancy were tested combined with a study of the soil seed bank. The results showed that intact seeds of S. alnifolia were dormant, requiring 150 days of cold stratification to achieve the maximum germination percentage at 5/15 °C. Exposure of the seeds to ranges of temperatures at 15/25 °C and 20/30 °C resulted in secondary dormancy. Scarifying seed coat and partial removal of the cotyledon promoted germination. Compared with long-term cold stratification, one month of warm stratification plus cold stratification was superior in breaking dormancy. Application of GA3 did not break the dormancy during two months of incubation. Seeds of S. alnifolia formed a transient seed bank. The viability of freshly matured S. alnifolia seeds was 87.65% ± 11.67%, but this declined to 38.25% after 6-months of storage at room temperature. Seeds of S. alnifolia have a deep physiological dormancy; cold stratification will be useful in propagating this species. The long chilling requirements of S. alnifolia seeds would avoid seedling death in winter.

scholarly journals Temperature Requirements for Seed Germination of Three Penstemon Species'

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phil S. Allen ◽  
Susan E. Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Marked Decrease ◽  
Rocky Mountain ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Cold Stratification ◽  
Dormancy Breaking ◽  
Primary Dormancy ◽  
Temperature Requirements ◽  
Seed Propagation

To determine optimum germination temperatures and effective dormancy-breaking procedures, field-grown (1983-85) seeds of `Bandera' Rocky Mountain penstemon (Penstemon strictus Benth), `Cedar' Palmer penstemon (Penstemon palmeri Gray), and firecracker penstemon (Penstemon eatonii Gray) were subjected to various cold stratification and incubation temperature treatments. Increased germination following an 8-week stratification occurred in seed lots containing dormant seeds, but a 2-week stratification generally failed to break dormancy. Older (1983) seeds of `Bandera' and `Cedar' penstemon germinated to full viability without stratification. All species showed a marked decrease in germination percentage above 20C; 15C consistently produced maximum germination after 4 weeks. At 15C, mean times to 90% of total germination were 11, 22, and 29 days for `Bandera', `Cedar', and firecracker penstemon, respectively. Transfer of seeds failing to germinate at warm temperatures (25 and 30C) to 15C and applying 720 μm gibberellic acid (GA3) solution was effective in breaking primary dormancy of firecracker penstemon and secondary dormancy of `Bandera' penstemon. Our findings suggest that incubation below 20C, combined with 8 weeks of stratification or the use of after-ripened seed, may improve seed propagation efforts for these species.

Germinability and Seedling Growth Performance of Chilli (Capsicum annuum) Seeds in Response to Different Gibberellic Acid Concentrations Pre-Treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-16
Author(s):  
Ryn Brenda Junaidy ◽  
Shafeeqa Shahruddin
Keyword(s):  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Dormancy Breaking ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Seed Germinability ◽  
Significant Difference

Chilli seeds are always associated with physiological dormancy characteristics or endogenous dormancy that has affected their germination potential. Problems noticed on the low seed germination rate, vigour growth, further may lead to the poor seedling growth pattern of chilli crop production. Gibberellic Acid (GA3) which is usually used as a treatment solution is not a new advent of seed dormancy breaking methods for chilli. But, looking forwards to a better GA3 concentration is still needed for the discovery of this treatment potential effect on chilli seed germinability and seedling growth. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of different GA3 concentrations on seed emergence and seedling growth performance in chilli. In this experiment, chilli seeds were imbibed with 25 mg/L, 75 mg/L and 125 mg/L concentration of GA3 with three replications each; for 24 hours at room temperature (32±4°C) and the untreated seeds as a control. The data collection on final germination percentage was taken daily for 21 days after sowing. While the 15 germinated seeds were directly planted on the 5 polybags arranged in the net house of Junaidy Jonik Farm, Sabah, Malaysia. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with three replications. Data were subjected to analysis of variance with SAS version 9.4 and the significant means were separated by the least significant difference test at P<0.05. Significant differences were observed in the seed germinability measured; germination rate index (GRI), mean germination time (MGT) and final germination percentage (FGP), as well as on seedling vigour index (SVI) between treated and control seeds. Conversely, plant height, number of internodes, number of leaves and fresh weight of seedlings showed no significant differences among treatments. It was concluded that the use of GA3 was able to enhance chilli seeds germinability and could display a better SVI than the control. It is recommended to use GA3 treatment at 25 mg/L of concentration, as it may give an advantage to both economic and biological importance in producing higher germinability and seedling growth performance in chilli.

Application of the hydrotime model to assess seed priming effects on the germination of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) in response to water stress

Botany ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 283-291
Author(s):  
Samaneh Tatari ◽  
Farshid Ghaderi-Far ◽  
Ahad Yamchi ◽  
Asieh Siahmarguee ◽  
Ali Shayanfar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dormancy Breaking ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Hydrotime Model ◽  
Response To Water ◽  
Base Water Potential

Our aim was to determine whether the parameters of the hydrotime model can be used to compare the effects of seed priming treatments on germination. Seeds of three rapeseed cultivars (‘H61’, ‘H4815’, and ‘DK003’) were exposed to priming treatments and then their germination was tested at different water potentials. Seed priming improved the germination percentage, which was higher in ‘H4815’ than in the other two cultivars, and it increased germination rate (decreased θH) and uniformity (decreased σψb). The increase in germination rate was higher in PEG-osmoprimed than in NaCl-osmoprimed and hydroprimed seeds. The base water potential allowing 50% germination ([Formula: see text]) also was affected by seed priming, but the response of cultivars to different priming treatments varied. Compared with the control seeds, hydropriming of ‘H61’ seeds shifted ψb(50) toward negative values, whereas NaCl-osmopriming of ‘H4815’ seeds shifted ψb(50) toward negative values. On the other hand, priming of ‘DK003’ seeds shifted ψb(50) to more positive values and increased susceptibility to water stress. After dormancy-breaking and dormancy-induction treatments, ψb(50) shifted to more negative or positive values, indicating the release of primary dormancy and induction of dormancy, respectively. Therefore, priming treatments should be selected, depending on the environmental conditions anticipated to prevail during the germination of rapeseed seeds.

scholarly journals Improving Germination Rate of Coastal Glehnia by Cold Stratification and Pericarp Removal

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 944
Author(s):  
Moon-Sun Yeom ◽  
Thi Kim Loan Nguyen ◽  
Ju-Sung Cho ◽  
Myung-Min Oh
Keyword(s):  
Mass Production ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Cold Stratification ◽  
Percentage Germination ◽  
Breaking Dormancy ◽  
Glehnia Littoralis ◽  
Germination Speed ◽  
Germinating Seeds ◽  
Inhibited Water

The medicinal plant, coastal glehnia (Glehnia littoralis F. Schmidt ex Miq.), belongs to the Apiaceae, which is known to exhibit morpho-physiological seed dormancy (MPD). In this study, we aimed to determine the dormancy type of this plant, along with the conditions for breaking dormancy, and how to increase its germination rate for mass production. Initially, the seeds of coastal glehnia had undeveloped embryos, which gradually developed following cold (5 °C) stratification over eight weeks. The embryo to seed (E:S) ratio increased to 66.7%, confirming that the seeds had the MPD type. Coastal glehnia seeds with pericarp did not show inhibited water uptake, and the germination inhibitory chemicals were not detected. However, removal of the pericarp improved the final germination percentage, germination speed, and T50 of coastal glehnia seeds compared with those of seeds with pericarp at 20 °C, which showed the highest value compared with other temperature treatments. Thus, cold stratification at 5 °C for eight weeks and removing the pericarp of germinating seeds maintained at 20 °C is efficient ways to break dormancy and improve the germination rate for the mass production of coastal glehnia.

scholarly journals The Variability of Seed Viability and Seed Vigour of Mindi (Melia azedarachlinn.) from Several Populations in The Community Forest of West Java

Jurnal Wasian ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Yulianti Bramasto ◽  
Nurheni Wijayanto ◽  
Iskandar Z Siregar ◽  
I.G.K. Tapa Darma
Keyword(s):  
Germination Rate ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Melia Azedarach ◽  
Dormancy Breaking ◽  
Community Forest ◽  
West Java ◽  
Seed Vigour ◽  
Hard Seed ◽  
Seed Sources

The procurement of good quality seeds for the development of mindi (Melia azedarach L.) in the community forest is absolutely necessary. The purpose of this research is to investigate the diversity of the viability and seedling vigor of mindi from different populations with various treatments of dormancy breaking. The sample materials were mindi seeds that were collected from 6 locations (6 seed lots) or seed sources which were located in the community forest of West Java. There are 10 treatments of dormancy breaking that were applied in this study. The experiment design was Randomized Complete Design (RAL). The breaking dormancy  was focused to the delignification of hard seed coat.  Results showed that the most effective dormancy breaking for mindi seed was soaking in consentrated Sulfuric Acid (H2SO4) as long as 30 to 45 minutes. The first count for germination of mindi was on the 16 day and the final count was on the 31 day.The average value of germination percentage (DB) for all seed sources was 40 %, while the highest which is 60% was mindi from Sumedang seed source. The highest value of germination rate that is 6,543%/etmal was seed  from Sumedangand seed from Gambung was the lowest (1,400 %/etmal). Keywords : community forest, Melia azedarach L., variation, viability, vigor.

An experimental comparison of germination ecology and its implication for conservation of selected rare and endangered species of Dianthus (Caryophyllaceae)

Botany ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 96 (5) ◽  
pp. 319-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremi Kołodziejek ◽  
Jacek Patykowski ◽  
Mateusz Wala
Keyword(s):  
Germination Rate ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Experimental Comparison ◽  
Cold Stratification ◽  
Sowing Depth ◽  
Rare And Endangered Species

The germination requirements of four taxonomically related taxa of Dianthus (D. arenarius L. subsp. borussicus Vierh., D. carthusianorum L., D. gratianopolitanus Vill., and D. deltoides L.) were studied under controlled conditions in a laboratory. A set of experiments were conducted to evaluate seed germination responses to storage period and cold stratification, different hydrogen ion concentrations (pH), potassium nitrate ([Formula: see text]), temperatures, and light conditions. Experiments were also performed to study the effects of sowing depth and water supply on seedling emergence. There were no differences in germination between seeds incubated under light or dark conditions for any of the taxa we studied. Germination percentages increased significantly with increases in temperature. The taxa of Dianthus we studied showed similar responses to sand burial, i.e., seeds placed on or near the soil surface had maximum emergence, and emergence declined with increasing depth of seed burial. In the studied taxa, germination was reduced by declining osmotic potentials. Cold stratification increased the germination rate, but did not affect final germination percentage of Dianthus seeds. A higher concentration of nutritious solutions (KNO3) negatively affected the germination percentage. The results show that seeds of the studied taxa are potentially germinable in the species’ habitat at any time between April and October.

scholarly journals Germination of dimorphic seeds of Suaeda aralocaspica in response to light and salinity conditions during and after cold stratification

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e3671 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong-Ling Wang ◽  
Chang-Yan Tian ◽  
Lei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Temperature Regime ◽  
Cold Stratification ◽  
Dormancy Breaking ◽  
Continuous Darkness ◽  
Cold Desert ◽  
Physiological Dormancy ◽  
Black Seeds ◽  
Seeds Germination ◽  
Germination Stage

Cold stratification is a requirement for seed dormancy breaking in many species, and thus it is one of the important factors for the regulation of timing of germination. However, few studies have examined the influence of various environmental conditions during cold stratification on subsequent germination, and no study has compared such effects on the performance of dormant versus non-dormant seeds. Seeds of halophytes in the cold desert might experience different light and salinity conditions during and after cold stratification. As such, dimorphic seeds (non-dormant brown seeds and black seeds with non-deep physiological dormancy) of Suaeda aralocaspica were cold stratified under different light (12 h light–12 h darkness photoperiod or continuous darkness) or salinity (0, 200 or 1,000 mmol L-1 NaCl) conditions for 20 or 40 days. Then stratified seeds were incubated under different light or salinity conditions at daily (12/12 h) temperature regime of 10:25 °C for 20 days. For brown seeds, cold stratification was also part of the germination period. In contrast, almost no black seeds germinated during cold stratification. The longer the cold stratification, the better the subsequent germination of black seeds, regardless of light or salinity conditions. Light did not influence germination of brown seeds. Germination of cold-stratified black seeds was inhibited by darkness, especially when they were stratified in darkness. With an increase in salinity at the stage of cold stratification or germination, germination percentages of both seed morphs decreased. Combinational pre-treatments of cold stratification and salinity did not increase salt tolerance of dimorphic seeds in germination phase. Thus, light and salinity conditions during cold stratification partly interact with these conditions during germination stage and differentially affect germination of dimorphic seeds of S. aralocaspica.

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