Effect of tillage system on yield and weed populations of soybean ( Glycin Max L.)

Field experiment was conducted at Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Golestan Province, Iran, to determine the effects of tillage system and weed management regime on yield and weed populations in soybean ( Glycin max L.). The experimental design was a split plot where the whole plot portion was a randomized complete block with three replicates. Main plots were tillage system: 1- No-till row crop seeding, 2- No-till seed drilling, 3- Tillage with disc harrow and drill planting, 4- Tillage with chisel packer and drill planting. The subplots were weed management regimes: 1-Weed control with herbicide application, 2- Hand weeding, 3- Herbicide application plus hand weeding, and 4- Non-weeding. Results indicated that the main effects of tillage system and weed management regime were significant for seed yield, pod number per plant, seed number per pod, weed density and biomass, while their interaction were significant only for weed density, weed biomass, and seed number per pod. The highest grain yields (3838 kg ha-1) were recorded for No-till row crop seeding. The highest seed yield (3877 kg ha-1) also was recorded for weed control with herbicide and hand weeding treatment, followed by hand weeding (3379 kg ha-1).

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Comparative Study of the Effect of Different Weed Management Strategies on Disease Severity and Marketable Yield of Paprika (Capsicum Annuum L.) in the Smallholder Farming Sector of Zimbabwe

Journal of Plant Protection Research ◽

10.2478/v10045-008-0011-z ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 48 (1) ◽

pp. 107-117 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Maxwell Handiseni ◽

Julia Sibiya ◽

Vincent Ogunlela ◽

Irene Koomen

Keyword(s):

Comparative Study ◽

Capsicum Annuum ◽

Weed Management ◽

Leaf Spot ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Smallholder Farming ◽

Marketable Yield ◽

Weed Density ◽

Marketable Fruit ◽

Hand Weeding

Comparative Study of the Effect of Different Weed Management Strategies on Disease Severity and Marketable Yield of Paprika (Capsicum AnnuumL.) in the Smallholder Farming Sector of ZimbabweOn-farm trials were conducted in the Chinyika Resettlement Area of Zimbabwe under dryland conditions to investigate the effects of different weed management methods on disease incidence, severity and paprika (Capsicum annuum) pod yield. The weed control treatments included hand weeding at 2 and 6 weeks after transplanting (WAT); ridge re-moulding at 3,6 and 9 WAT; application 4l/ha Lasso (alachlor) immediately after transplanting, and Ronstar (oxidiazinon) at 2l/ha tank mixed with Lasso at 2l/ha one day before transplanting. The herbicide-water solution was applied at the rate of 200l/ha using a knapsack sprayer. Major diseases identified were bacterial leaf spot (Xanthomonas campestrispv.vesicatoria), cercospora leaf spot (Cercospora unamunoi), grey leaf spot (Stemphylium solani) and powdery mildew (Leveillula taurica) in both seasons. For the 2000/2001 season hand weeding at 2 and 6 WAT and ridge re-moulding at 3, 6 and 9 WAT had the greatest reduction effect on the area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) and the highest marketable fruit yield. In the 2001/2002 season, both herbicide treatments had the same effect as hand weeding and ridge re-moulding on AUDPC and marketable fruit yield. The least weed density was obtained by ridge re-moulding at 3, 6, and 9 WAT in the 2000/2001 season. Weed density was statistically the same across all treatments except the check treatment in 2001/2002 season. Hand weeding operations were significantly (p < 0.05) effective and consequently gave the highest added profits mainly because of their effect on major weeds such asDatura stramonium.

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Effect of Temperature on Clopyralid Safety in Strawberry

Weed Technology ◽

10.1017/wet.2017.119 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 347-351 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Shaun M. Sharpe ◽

Nathan S. Boyd ◽

Peter J. Dittmar ◽

Greg E. MacDonald ◽

Rebecca L. Darnell

Keyword(s):

Weed Management ◽

Growth Chamber ◽

Effect Of Temperature ◽

Herbicide Application ◽

Horticultural Crop ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Pre Treatment ◽

Hand Weeding ◽

Growing Conditions

AbstractStrawberry is an important horticultural crop in Florida. The long growing season and escapes from fumigation and PRE herbicides necessitate POST weed management to maximize harvest potential and efficiency. Alternatives to hand-weeding are desirable, but clopyralid is the only broadleaf herbicide registered for use. Weed control may be improved by early-season clopyralid applications, but at risk of high temperature and increased strawberry injury. The effect of temperature on clopyralid safety on strawberry is unknown. We undertook a growth chamber experiment using a completely randomized design to determine crop safety under various temperature conditions across acclimation, herbicide application, and post-application periods. There was no effect of clopyralid on the number of strawberry leaves across all temperatures. Damage to the strawberry manifested as leaf malformations. Acclimation temperatures affected clopyralid-associated injury (p=0.0309), with increased leaf malformations at higher temperatures (27 C) compared to lower (18 C) temperatures. Pre-treatment temperatures did not affect clopyralid injury. Post-application temperature also affected clopyralid injury (p=0.0161), with increased leaf malformations at higher temperatures compared to lower ones. Clopyralid application did not reduce flowering or biomass production in the growth chamber. If leaf malformations are to be avoided, consideration to growing conditions prior to application is advisable, especially if applying clopyralid early in the season.

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Effect of tillage on timing ofSetariaspp. emergence and growth

Weed Science ◽

10.1017/s0043174500092274 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 47 (5) ◽

pp. 563-570 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Lizabeth A. B. Stahl ◽

Gregg A. Johnson ◽

Ronald L. Wyse ◽

Douglas D. Buhler ◽

Jeffrey L. Gunsolus

Keyword(s):

Seed Production ◽

Weed Management ◽

Cropping Systems ◽

Field Research ◽

Herbicide Application ◽

Tillage Systems ◽

Early Application ◽

Setaria Faberi ◽

Tillage System ◽

Soil Seedbank

Weed management can be a significant challenge in cropping systems, partly because the effects of tillage systems on weed seedbank and seedling population dynamics are not well understood. Field research was conducted from 1994 to 1996 in established tillage plots consisting of moldboard plow (MP), chisel plow (CP), and no-tillage (NT). The objectives were to determine the effects of long-term tillage systems on the timing and duration ofSetariaspp. emergence and percentage cumulative emergence from the soil seedbank and to investigate the effect of tillage onSetariaspp. density and seed production following glyphosate application atSetariaspp. heights of 5, 10, and 15 cm. NT contained a greater number ofSetariaspp. seed in the 0- to 1-, 1- to 3-, and 3- to 6-cm depths than MP or CP systems. There was little difference between the three tillage systems at depths greater than 6 cm.Setariaspp. emergence was greater in NT than in MP or CP in 1994 and 1996 and greater than in MP in 1995. There was a substantial increase inSetariaspp. emergence in NT between 3 and 4 weeks after planting (WAP) in 1994 and between 5 and 6 WAP in 1995 and 1996. Significant emergence did not occur past 5 to 6 WAP in 1994 and 1995 but continued over a longer period of time in 1996.Setariaspp. plants consistently reached targeted herbicide application heights 4 to 9 d earlier in NT than in CP and MP. In 1994, finalSetariaspp. density was greater in NT compared to CP and MP at the 5- and 10-cm herbicide application timings. When glyphosate was applied to 15-cm-tallSetaria, very few weeds were present following application across all tillage systems. In 1995, NT resulted in greaterSetariaspp. density than MP or CP across all application timings. There was no difference in finalSetariaspp. density between MP and CP across all glyphosate timings in 1994 and 1995. Seed production was negligible in MP and CP, regardless of glyphosate timing. In NT, however, significant seed production occurred, especially with early application. Results indicate that the effectiveness of nonresidual herbicides forSetaria faberiHerrm. control is influenced by tillage system and the timing of application.

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Effects of Repeat Annual Applications of Dichlobenil on Weed Populations and Yield Components of Cranberry

Weed Technology ◽

10.1614/wt-03-125r1 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 648-657 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Hilary A. Sandler ◽

Joanne Mason ◽

Wesley R. Autio ◽

Thomas A. Bewick

Keyword(s):

Weed Management ◽

Fruit Set ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Field Studies ◽

Management Program ◽

Integrated Weed Management ◽

Leaf Biomass ◽

Herbicide Application ◽

Weed Density ◽

Marketable Fruit

To address grower concerns that repeated use of dichlobenil could negatively affect cranberry productivity, field studies were conducted at two commercial farms in either high weed density (HW) or low weed density (LW) areas. Data from 4 yr of repeat annual applications of 0, 1.8, and 4.5 kg ai/ha dichlobenil indicated minimal negative impact on cranberry vines. Herbicide application did not affect upright productivity, leaf biomass production, percent fruit set, or other yield parameters adversely; in addition, no improvement in these parameters was noted. Although the interaction of herbicide application with weed density on cranberry root length varied with sampling date, no consistent trend (adverse or positive) was seen. The presence of weeds, rather than herbicide application, was the important determinant of yield. Vines in LW areas produced more marketable fruit and had higher percentage of fruit set than vines growing in HW areas. Repeat annual applications of dichlobenil on commercial cranberry beds may be considered as part of a viable integrated weed management program with no adverse effect on crop growth or yield.

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The effects of weed density and different weed control applications on yield and yield components of chickpea cultivars

Legume Research - An International Journal ◽

10.18805/lr-480 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Melih Yilar Omer Sozen ◽

Ufuk Karadavut

Keyword(s):

Weed Control ◽

Weed Management ◽

Yield Components ◽

Control Method ◽

Herbicide Application ◽

Weed Species ◽

Control Applications ◽

Weed Density ◽

Yield And Yield Components ◽

Plot Design

This study was conducted to determine the effects of weed density and different weed control treatments on chickpea yield and yield components. The experiment was carried out in split plot design with 3 replications in experimental fields of Kirsehir Ahi Evran University during 2016 and 2017 crop seasons. Total nine treatments (no weed control, permanent weed control, one-time hoeing, two-time hoeing, three-time hoeing, herbicide application after emergence, one-time hoeing with herbicide application, two-time hoeing with herbicide application and three-time hoeing with herbicide application) were compared to know the most effective weed control method. Vaccaria pyramidata Medik., Sinapis arvensis L., Acroptilon repens L. weed species were found to be the most intense in the experimental area. All weed control applications had significant effect on chickpea yield and yield components compared to weedy plots. Three-time hoeing with herbicide application increased the yield by 361.55-478.50% compared to weedy plots. Likewise, three-time hoeing application even increased the yield by 348.50-357.09% compared to weedy plots. The results revealed that three-time hoeing with herbicide and three-time hoeing applications stood out in weed management to obtain a good yield in chickpea cultivation at Kirsehir province.

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Labor-Saving Weed Technologies for Lowland Rice Farmers in sub-Saharan Africa

Weed Technology ◽

10.1614/wt-d-15-00016.1 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 29 (4) ◽

pp. 751-757 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Jonne Rodenburg ◽

Kazuki Saito ◽

Runyambo Irakiza ◽

Derek W. Makokha ◽

Enos A. Onyuka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weed Control ◽

Weed Management ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Herbicide Application ◽

Control Efficacy ◽

Rice Farmers ◽

Time Requirements ◽

Rice Yields ◽

Sub Saharan ◽

Hand Weeding

Time requirements, weed control efficacy, and yield effects of three labor-saving weed technologies were tested against hand weeding during three seasons in 2012 and 2013. The technologies included two hand-operated mechanical weeders, the straight-spike and the twisted-spike floating weeder, and the PRE application of oxadiazon. The straight-spike floating weeder reduced weeding time by 32 to 49%, the twisted-spike floating weeder reduced weeding time by 32 to 56%, and the application of herbicide required 88 to 97% less time than hand weeding. Herbicide application provided the best weed control in two of the three seasons. No differences in weed control efficacy were observed between mechanical and hand weeding. Yield differences were only observed in season 3 with higher rice yields after PRE application of oxadiazon compared with other weed management treatments.

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Using the Rosette Technique for Canada Thistle (Cirsium arvense) Control in Row Crops

Weed Technology ◽

10.1017/s0890037x00044572 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 699-706 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Brett R. Miller ◽

Rodney G. Lym

Keyword(s):

Weed Management ◽

Crop Production ◽

Management Program ◽

Cirsium Arvense ◽

Herbicide Application ◽

Canada Thistle ◽

Row Crops ◽

Row Crop ◽

Herbicide Treatments ◽

Standard Practices

Clopyralid applied to Canada thistle rosettes has provided better control in the following growing season than applications to bolted plants. The objectives of this research were to determine if using cultivation to prevent plants from bolting prior to herbicide application (the rosette technique) could be successfully incorporated into a row crop production system and to evaluate the effect of Canada thistle growth stage on the absorption and translocation of14C-clopyralid. Canada thistle control 8 mo after postharvest herbicide treatment (MAFT) using the rosette technique was similar to control when using conventional in-crop plus postharvest herbicide treatments in corn and soybean. Glyphosate and clopyralid plus 2,4-D were the most consistent postharvest herbicide treatments for Canada thistle control 8 MAFT in corn and soybean. Corn yields were similar, but soybean yields were slightly lower when Canada thistle was controlled using cultivation compared to conventional herbicide treatments.14C-clopyralid translocation to Canada thistle roots and lower shoot parts was greater when clopyralid was applied to the rosette stage than when applied to bolted Canada thistle plants. The increased translocation probably accounts for the increased Canada thistle control observed in the field. Incorporating the rosette technique into a weed management program should allow growers to control Canada thistle with less herbicide input than do standard practices.

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Studies on weed cover and diversity in coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) as influenced by weed management and balanced fertilization techniques

Current Agriculture Research Journal ◽

10.12944/carj.5.3.19 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 387-395

Author(s):

Raj Kumar Nagar ◽

Dinesh Kumar Jain

Keyword(s):

Weed Management ◽

Management Practices ◽

Cyperus Rotundus ◽

Weed Species ◽

Significant Interaction Effect ◽

Weed Density ◽

Chenopodium Murale ◽

Balanced Fertilization ◽

Biological Yield ◽

Hand Weeding

A field experiment was conducted to analyze the types of flora, intensity, cover and effects on yields of coriander. Pooled analysis of data indicated that Goose foot (Chenopodium murale L.), Corn spurry (Spergula arvensis L.) among dicots and Purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.) among monocots were found most dominant weeds at all stages of crop growth. Of the total eight weed species reported dicot weeds were found most dominating weed species and comprises 78-80 percent of total weed density throughout crop cycle. All weed management practices significantly reduced the density of monocot and dicot weeds and improved the yield (seed and biological yield) of crop as compared to control. Two hand weeding at 30 and 45 DAS resulted in maximum reduction in total weed density and gave the highest seed (15.84 q/ha) and biological yield (41.11 q/ha) of coriander. However, seed and biological yields was obtained at par by pendimethalin 1.0 kg/ha + one hand weeding at 45 DAS. This treatment also resulted in favorably lowest weed competition index as compared to rest of other practices. Balanced fertilization with N+P+K+S also improved monocot and dicot weed density but the effect was not significant over N+P and N+P+K fertilization. N+P+K+S fertilization significantly enhanced crop seed and biological yields over N+P (1.86 q/ha and 4.36 q/ha, respectively) and N+P+K application (0.94 q/ha and 2.20 q/ha, respectively). Weed management and balanced fertilization practices also found to have significant interaction effect on seed and biological yield of coriander.

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Bioefficacy, Phytotoxicity and Economics of Post-emergence Herbicides in Moth Bean (Vigna aconitifolia) in Hot Arid Regions

Legume Research - An International Journal ◽

10.18805/lr-4776 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

N.K. Jat ◽

D.V. Singh

Keyword(s):

Weed Control ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Weed Management ◽

Arid Regions ◽

Block Design ◽

Resistance Index ◽

Moth Bean ◽

Herbicide Treatments ◽

Hand Weeding ◽

Clodinafop Propargyl

Background: Weed infestation is the major cause of yield loss to Kharif pulses in arid regions. Post-emergence herbicide application is a promising weed management option for pulses in these areas. Therefore, the current study was aimed to find an effective and economic post-emergence herbicide molecule for weed control in moth bean. Methods: A field experiment was conducted during 2017-2019 with different herbicides, hand weeding, weed-free and unweededs in Kharif mung bean in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Result: Among the herbicide treatments, post-emergence application of propaquizafop + imazethapyr @ 125 g a.i. ha-1 being statistically at par with clodinafop-propargyl + sodium acifluorfen @ 312.5 g a.i. ha-1 and hand weeding recorded the highest reduction in total weed dry matter (73.9%), highest weed control efficiency (73.8%) and lowest weed persistence index (1.03) compared to the unweeded. The reduction in seed yield in unweeded compared to weed-free and hand weeding was 50.8% and 42.1%, respectively. As the imazethapyr-containing herbicides caused crop phytotoxicity, significantly higher crop dry weight (513 g m-2), seed yield (5.53 q ha-1), stover yield (18.0 q ha-1), gross returns and net benefits of moth bean were recorded with clodinafop-propargyl + sodium acifluorfen (312.5 g a.i. ha-1) over other herbicide treatments. Clodinafop-propargyl + sodium acifluorfen (@312.5 g a.i. ha-1) registered the minimum value of weed index (20) and highest values of herbicide efficiency index (3.9) and crop resistance index (4.70).

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Yield Performance of Mungbean Genotypes as Influenced by Herbicides with Different Weed Management Practices

Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology ◽

10.32530/jaast.v4i2.178 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 88-100

Author(s):

Shams Shaila Islam ◽

Riyad Ul-Hasan Karim ◽

Harmailis Chaniago ◽

Sohrab Hossain

Keyword(s):

Seed Yield ◽

Weed Management ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Management Practices ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Dry Matter Content ◽

Yield Performance ◽

Plant Seed ◽

Yield Attributes ◽

Hand Weeding

This research was conducted to investigate the effect of different herbicides with weed management practices on growth and yield performance of mungbean genotypes. The experiment consisted of two factors were mungbean genotypes and weed management. There were two genotypes namely BARI Mung 6 and BARI Mung 8. While there were five weed management practices namely control/no weeding and without herbicide application (T1), hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAS (T2), pre emergence herbicide (Panida) at 1-2 DAS (T3), pre emergence herbicide (Neon) at 2-3 DAS (T4), and post emergence herbicide (Neon) at 10-15 DAS+hand weeding (T5). The results revealed that BARI Mung 6 stand superior to BARI Mung 8 in respect of dry matter content/plant, pods/plant, seeds/plant, seed yield, and 1000 seed weight. Among weed management practices, maximum plant height (53.70 cm), dry matter weight/plant (17.96 g), pods/plant (18.31), seeds/plant (171.47), maximum weed control efficiency (33.78 %) obtained from T3 treatment. Based on the interaction effect showed that BARI Mung 6 weeded with pre emergence herbicide (Panida) at 1-2 DAS produced maximum seed yield (1.79 t/ha) as well as yield attributes showed 2.29 % higher seed yield.

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