scholarly journals Passion Fruit (Passiflora spp.) species as sources of resistance to soil phytopathogens Fusarium solani and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Passiflorae complex

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Avelar de Carvalho ◽  
Jeferson Gonçalves de Jesus ◽  
Kelly Lana Araujo ◽  
Milson Evaldo Serafim ◽  
Thiago Alexandre Santana Gilio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Vascular Wilt ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Soil Pathogens ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Fruit Cultivation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Resistant Genotypes

Abstract The stem rot and fusarium vascular wilt are among the main factors the most limiting the passion fruit cultivation in the State of Mato Grosso. This study aimed to evaluate the resistance / susceptibility of the genus Passiflora species to soil pathogens from different biomes of Mato Grosso (Cerrado, Pantanal and Amazon). The part I evaluated the response of P. edulis Sims, P. foetida, P. nitida and P. quadrangularis on eight isolates of F. solani. In part II was evaluated the genotypes P. edulis Sims, P. mucronata, P. foetida, P. nitida and P. morifolia on three isolates of F. oxysporum f. sp. passiflorae. The experimental design was randomized blocks in factorial arrangement (genotypes x isolates). The statistical analysis used for both steps were the variance analyses by F test and grouping of averages of genotypes by Scott-Knott test (P =0.05). Among the isolates of F. solani was found that isolates FS8A and FS3P are more aggressive, indicating genetic variability among isolates. The most resistant genotypes to the pathogen were P. nitidaand P. foetida. Among the isolates of F. oxysporum f. sp. passiflorae there was no significant difference in aggressive levels, and the P. mucronata and P. nitida species are more resistant to Fusarium. Thus genotypes P. nitida, foetida and P. mucronatacan be indicated as a resistance source to improvement of commercial passionfruit programs.

scholarly journals Molecular and Aggressiveness Characterization of Isolates of Fusarium solani and Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. passiflorae Associated to Passion Fruit Wilting

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 407
Author(s):  
Thalita N. Marostega ◽  
Lizandra P. Lara ◽  
Daiani da S. de Oliveira ◽  
Antonio M. Chimello ◽  
Thiago Alexandre S. Gilio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Gene Pools ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Collar Rot ◽  
Molecular Variability ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Sour Passion Fruit

This work was carried out with the objective of performing a molecular and aggressiveness characterization of F. solani and F. oxysporum f.sp. passiflorae collected in the Pantanal, Cerrado and Amazon biomes. We selected the most aggressive isolates for use in breeding programs aiming resistance to Collar Rot and Fusariosis. For inoculation of the isolates of F. oxysporum f.sp. passiflorae the washed root method was used. The molecular characterization of the isolates was carried out by partial sequencing of the Transcribed Internal Spacer of the rDNA region. The isolates of F. solani formed two distinct groups in relation to aggressiveness. Among all isolates, FSUNEMAT 40 and FSUNEMAT 46 were the most aggressive. The model with K=2 was taken as the best model to explain the genetic structure of the F. solani populations, with clear combinations of genes from both gene pools. There were three groups with respect to the aggressiveness of the isolates of F. oxysporum f.sp. passiflorae, with the isolated FOUNEMAT 22 being the most aggressive. In view of these results, the isolates of F. solani collected in P. edulis in the state of Mato Grosso presented a high molecular variability independent from the biome of origin, and this was also observed in the tests of aggressiveness. The results indicate the need to consider the molecular variability and the aggressiveness of the pathogens in the evaluation of genotypes of sour passion fruit in programs of selection of resistant cultivars.

scholarly journals Artificial Intelligence: The Attitude of the Public and Representatives of Various Industries

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 339
Author(s):  
Tatjana Vasiljeva ◽  
Ilmars Kreituss ◽  
Ilze Lulle
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The Public ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Public Survey ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Negative Factors ◽  
Near Future

This paper looks at public and business attitudes towards artificial intelligence, examining the main factors that influence them. The conceptual model is based on the technology–organization–environment (TOE) framework and was tested through analysis of qualitative and quantitative data. Primary data were collected by a public survey with a questionnaire specially developed for the study and by semi-structured interviews with experts in the artificial intelligence field and management representatives from various companies. This study aims to evaluate the current attitudes of the public and employees of various industries towards AI and investigate the factors that affect them. It was discovered that attitude towards AI differs significantly among industries. There is a significant difference in attitude towards AI between employees at organizations with already implemented AI solutions and employees at organizations with no intention to implement them in the near future. The three main factors which have an impact on AI adoption in an organization are top management’s attitude, competition and regulations. After determining the main factors that influence the attitudes of society and companies towards artificial intelligence, recommendations are provided for reducing various negative factors. The authors develop a proposition that justifies the activities needed for successful adoption of innovative technologies.

scholarly journals Asymptomatic infection in family contacts of patients with human visceral leishmaniasis in Três Lagoas, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (12) ◽  
pp. 2827-2833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Lúcia Lyrio de Oliveira ◽  
Anamaria Mello Miranda Paniago ◽  
Marcos Antônio Sanches ◽  
Maria Elizabeth Cavalheiros Dorval ◽  
Elisa Teruya Oshiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Asymptomatic Infection ◽  
Family Characteristics ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Phlebotomine Sand Flies ◽  
Symptomatic Disease ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Mato Grosso Do Sul

The Brazilian city of Três Lagoas, Mato Grosso do Sul State, has experienced an urban outbreak of visceral leishmaniasis since 2000. In 2002, due to the increase in the number of cases, 46 families with cases of visceral leishmaniasis were studied to verify the prevalence of asymptomatic infection in household contacts. Indirect immunofluorescence and ELISA showed a 36.4% positive infection rate. There were no cases of symptomatic disease among these contacts. There was no statistically significant difference in gender or age. Median age was 21 years, and the 10-19-year age bracket was the most heavily affected (23%). As for family characteristics, no differences were observed in schooling or family income; most families (58.7%) owned their homes, which were built of masonry (97.8%) and had adequate infrastructure. All the families reported what were probably phlebotomine sand flies in the peridomicile. In conclusion, asymptomatic visceral leishmaniasis infection is frequent and occurs in both males and females, regardless of age.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in dogs of riverside communities of Mato Grosso Pantanal, Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 531-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Yuki Rodrigues ◽  
Arleana do Bom Parto Ferreira de Almeida ◽  
Eveline da Cruz Boa Sorte ◽  
Naiani Domingos Gasparetto ◽  
Felipe Augusto Constantino Seabra da Cruz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Worldwide Distribution ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Immunofluorescence Antibody Test ◽  
Immunofluorescence Antibody

Abstract Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular protozoan with worldwide distribution and dogs act as sentinels of human infection. This search aimed to determine the occurrence of antibodies against T. gondii in dogs of the communities on the Cuiabá River, Mato Grosso and variables associated with infection. The dogs of the riverside communities in Cuiabá River, which includes Barranco Alto, Praia do Poço, Engenho Velho, Varginha, Bom Sucesso, Passagem da Conceição and São Gonçalo Beira Rio, were evaluated for the presence of T. gondii antibodies by indirect immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT). The prevalence and factors associated with infection were calculated by chi-squared test (χ2) or Fisher’s exact test, and univariate and multiple analysis. Of the 248 dogs surveyed, 107 (43.1%) were seropositive for T. gondii. The seroprevalence ranged from 25.6% to 64.3%. There was no statistically significant difference between the communities studied (p > 0.05). As for the associated factors, the only statistically significant factor was that of dogs living with cats (p = 0.02), with approximately twice the risk of acquiring infection. In conclusion, the seroprevalence in dogs of riverside communities in the Baixada Cuiabana demonstrated that high rates of infection, being the factor associated with infection, contact with domestic cats.

Genetic diversity among potato species as revealed by phenotypic resistances and SSR markers

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Carputo ◽  
D. Alioto ◽  
R. Aversano ◽  
R. Garramone ◽  
V. Miraglia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Wild Potato Species ◽  
Resistance Response ◽  
Potato Species ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Ssr Analysis ◽  
Efficient Breeding ◽  
Resistant Genotypes

The evolutionary diversity of wild potato species makes them excellent materials for improving the narrow genetic basis of the cultivated potato Solanum tuberosum. Understanding their genetic diversity is important not only to choose the best parents for breeding, but also to design proper crossing schemes and selection strategies. The objectives of this study were to determine the resistance response to Ralstonia solanacearum, Potato virus Y and low temperatures of 21 clones of 12 potato species, and to determine their genetic diversity through simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Sources of resistance have been found for all the investigated traits, with high resistance variability not only between but also within species. Combined resistances were also identified, with positive implications for efficient breeding. SSR analysis allowed the detection of 12 loci and 46 alleles across all genotypes, with an average value of 3.8 alleles per locus. Both unique and rare alleles useful for marker-assisted selection were found. SSR-based cluster analysis revealed that resistant genotypes were distributed among all clusters, suggesting that genetically different resistant genotypes were identified. The information obtained in this study is discussed from a breeding perspective.

scholarly journals Influence of spray mixture volume and flight height on herbicide deposition in aerial applications on pastures

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 227-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A.P. Oliveira ◽  
U.R. Antuniassi ◽  
E.D. Velini ◽  
R.B. Oliveira ◽  
J.F. Salvador ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Flight Height ◽  
Mixture Volume ◽  
Pasture Area ◽  
Experimental Plots

The objective of the present study was to analyze the influence of spray mixture volume and flight height on herbicide deposition in aerial applications on pastures. The experimental plots were arranged in a pasture area in the district of Porto Esperidião (Mato Grosso, Brazil). In all of the treatments, the applications contained the herbicides aminopyralid and fluroxypyr (Dominum) at the dose of 2.5 L c.p. ha-1, including the adjuvant mineral oil (Joint Oil) at the dose of 1.0 L and a tracer to determine the deposition by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) (rhodamine at a concentration of 0.6%). The experiment consisted of nine treatments that comprised the combinations of three spray volumes (20, 30 and 50 L ha-1) and three flight heights (10, 30 and 40 m). The results showed that, on average, there was a tendency for larger deposits for the smallest flight heights, with a significant difference between the heights of 10 and 40 m. There was no significant difference among the deposits obtained with the different spray mixture volumes.

scholarly journals Physico-chemical properties, probiotic stability and sensory characteristics of Lactobacillus plantarum S20 – supplemented passion fruit (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa Deg.) juice powder

Food Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 320-326
Author(s):  
Reifrey, A. Lascano ◽  
M.G.L.D. Gan ◽  
A.S.L. Sulabo ◽  
D.M.O. Santiago ◽  
L.B. Ancheta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Spray Drying ◽  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Passiflora Edulis ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Significant Difference

The study aimed to develop a non-dairy-based probiotic-supplemented product using an underutilized crop in the Philippines such as the yellow passion fruit (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa Deg.). The physico-chemical properties (moisture content, water activity, pH, and total soluble solids), probiotics stability at different storage temperatures (4°C, 25°C, and 37°C), and the sensory characteristics of Lactobacillus plantarum S20-supplemented passion fruit juice powder was evaluated. Passion fruit juice powder and L. plantarum S20 were first prepared using low-temperature spray drying utilizing maltodextrin as a carrier, with yield as 42.97% and 21.17%, respectively. Spray drying of probiotics culture also resulted in 42.68% log survivability. The formulated juice powder had a final moisture content of 1.729±0.38% and water activity of 0.398±0.0051, and with recommended dilution with water, had a final pH and total soluble solids of 3.40±0.10 and 12.00±0.00° Brix, respectively. Results also showed that storage of the formulated juice powder at 4°C yielded the highest probiotic stability, maintaining a viable log count of 4.27 per g, while storage at 37°C showed no microbial growth. Sensory evaluation of probioticsupplemented passion fruit juice against a non-probiotic-supplemented one revealed significant difference in terms of color, sweetness, and sourness, while no significant difference was observed in terms of aroma, mouthfeel, and general acceptability.

scholarly journals Crotalaria species in succession to soybean for the management of Pratylenchus brachyurus

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thays Torquato Cruz ◽  
Guilherme Lafourcarde Asmus ◽  
Rodrigo Arroyo Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Suppressive Effect ◽  
Nematode Population ◽  
Agricultural Crop ◽  
Root Lesion Nematode ◽  
Soil Pathogens ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Pratylenchus Brachyurus ◽  
Lesion Nematode

ABSTRACT: Soybean is the main agricultural crop in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. It is primarily cultivated in a crop succession system, in wich soybean is grown in spring/summer, followed by corn or graminaceous pastures in autumn/winter as a second crop. Due to the intensive cultivation, new phytosanitary problems have arisen, among them the root-lesion nematode, Pratylenchus brachyurus, which besides causing damage to plant roots, can be important gateway for other soil pathogens. The recent occurrence of high nematode population densities has brought great concern due to the limited resistant soybean genotypes available. Besides, the use of nematicides only reduces nematodes populations temporarily. A viable alternative for the control of soil nematodes could be the use of Crotalaria spp. in succession or rotation with soybean. Crotalaria is immune or a bad host to the nematode, besides having high capacity of biological nitrogen fixation. Thus, the objective of the present research was to define the best way of insertion of this legume as a second crop in soybean production systems to reduce the population density of the root-lesion nematode. Two experiments were carried out: one in the field, in an infested area, and other in a greenhouse. In both experiments, the treatments were: 1) Zea mays, 2) Brachiaria brizantha cv. Xaraés,, 3) Z. mays + Crotalaria spectabilis, 4) Z. mays + C. ochroleuca, 5) B. brizantha cv. Xaraés + C. spectabilis, 6) B. brizantha cv. Xaraés + C. ochroleuca, 7) C. spectabilis, and 8) C. ochroleuca. The effect of the treatments was evaluated by estimating the number of nematodes in the roots of autumn/winter crops, as well as in the roots of the soybean cultivated in the sequence. The cultivation of both Crotalaria species provided suppression of the nematode population. However, when intercropped with corn or Xaraés palisade grass, the suppressive effect of Crotalaria was supplanted by corn and Xaraés palisadegrass susceptibility to the root-lesion nematode.

Solar: a new sour passion fruit cultivar for the state of Mato Grosso

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro Rafael Fachi ◽  
Willian Krause ◽  
Leonarda Grillo Neves ◽  
Petterson Baptista da Luz ◽  
Celice Alexandre Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Sour Passion Fruit

Yield gap of the double-crop system of main-season soybean with off-season maize in Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rogério de Souza Nóia Júnior ◽  
Paulo Cesar Sentelhas
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Agricultural System ◽  
Grain Production ◽  
Yield Gap ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Expansion Yield ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Main Factors

The succession of main-season soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) with off-season maize (Zea mays L.) is an important Brazilian agricultural system contributing to increased grain production without the need for crop land expansion. Yield-gap studies that identify the main factors threatening these crops are pivotal to increasing food security in Brazil and globally. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine, for the soybean–off-season-maize succession, the magnitude of the grain and revenue yield gap (YG) caused by water deficit (YGW) and suboptimal crop management (YGM), and to propose strategies for closing these gaps in different Brazilian regions. The ensemble of three previously calibrated and validated models (FAO-AZM, DSSAT and APSIM) was used to estimate yields of soybean and off-season maize for 28 locations in 12 states for a period of 34 years (1980–2013). Water deficit is the biggest problem for soybean and off-season maize crops in the regions of Cocos (state of Bahia), Buritis (Minas Gerais) and Formosa (Goiás), where the YGW accounted for ~70% of total YG. The YGM revealed that locations in the central region of Brazil, mainly in the state of Mato Grosso, presented an opportunity to increase yields of soybean and off-season maize, on average, by 927.5 and 909.6 5 kg ha–1, respectively. For soybean, YGM was the main cause of total YG in Brazil, accounting for 51.8%, whereas for maize, YGW corresponded to 53.8% of the total YG. Our results also showed that the choice of the best sowing date can contribute to reducing soybean YGW by 34–54% and off-season maize YGW by 66–89%.

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