Inclusion of canthaxanthin and 25-hydroxycholecalciferol in the diet of broiler breeders on performance and incubation parameters

The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of a diet containing canthaxanthin and 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25-OH-D3) on the production and reproductive performances of Cobb 500 broiler breeders aged 53 to 61 weeks. The study included 36,000 Cobb 500 female and 3,600 male broiler breeders aging 51 weeks. The birds were housed in three poultry houses divided into four plots, totaling 12 experimental units each containing 3,000 females and 300 males. The birds received the following treatments: control diet (without the studied additives) or the control diet with the addition of 60mg kg-1feed of 25-(OH)-D3 and canthaxanthin feed (6mg of canthaxanthin and 2,760,000IU of 25-(OH)-D3 per kg of feed) per the supplier's recommendations. The experimental design used was a randomized complete block design with two treatments and six replicates. The results were subjected to analysis of variance followed by the F-test. The treatments had no effect on egg production, usability of eggs and number of incubatable eggs per bird housed. The inclusion of canthaxanthin and 25-(OH)-D3 in the diet reduced embryonic mortality while increasing egg yolk pigmentation, hatching percentage, and number of viable chicks produced per bird. Therefore, the use of 60mg kg-1of 25-(OH)-D3 plus canthaxanthin is recommended in the diet of Cobb 500 broiler breeders aging 53 to 61 weeks to improve important reproductive traits that have great economic impacts on poultry farms

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Modelling the egg components and laying patterns of broiler breeder hens

Animal Production Science ◽

10.1071/an14737 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 56 (7) ◽

pp. 1091 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Nayara T. Ferreira ◽

Nilva K. Sakomura ◽

Juliano César de Paula Dorigam ◽

Edney Pereira da Silva ◽

Robert M. Gous

Keyword(s):

Egg Production ◽

Feeding Strategy ◽

Simulated Data ◽

Egg Yolk ◽

Broiler Breeders ◽

Broiler Breeder ◽

Reproductive Process ◽

Breeder Hens ◽

Laying Performance ◽

Broiler Breeder Hens

There is scant information about the reproductive process in broiler breeders, with which to develop a feeding strategy that will be economically optimal for these birds. This study aimed to model the egg production of a flock of broiler breeder hens, using non-isometric equations. The number of eggs produced by 60 broiler breeder hens aged 24–60 weeks was monitored, as was the weight of these eggs and the weights of the components, yolk, albumen and shell. Oviposition sequences and the number and length of pauses between sequences were analysed. Non-isometric functions were applied to predict the weight of the egg; yolk weight was predicted from the age of the hen, while albumen and shell weights were predicted from yolk weight; and egg weight was obtained by summing the component weights. The incidence of soft-shelled and double-yolk eggs was also determined. Yolk weight (YW, g) can be described as YW = 18.03 × (1 – e–0.015 × (t – 103.4)) × e(0.001 × t), where t is the age of the bird (days). The weights of albumen (AW) and shell (SW) were based on YW predictions as follows: AW = 14.38 × YW0.375 and SW = 0.358 × (YW + AW)0.687. The rate of double-yolk egg (DY) production is described by DY = 2.28 × e(0.209 × TFE), and the rate of soft-shelled egg (SS) production by SS = 1.126 + 0.148/(1 – 0.024 × TFE) – 0.056 × TFE, as a function of time from first egg (TFE). On the basis of the results obtained, the model developed here is an accurate reflection of the changes that occur in the number of eggs produced by broiler breeders, as well as in the egg itself and in its components over the entire laying period. This model can thus be used in predicting the nutrient requirements of individual broiler breeder hens, which, when combined with simulated data from a large number of individuals, will accurately describe the laying performance of a flock of broiler breeders.

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129 Effect of phytase on growth performance and carcass classification in growing-finishing pigs

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skaa054.094 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽

pp. 51-52

Author(s):

Caio A Silva ◽

Cleandro P Dias ◽

Marco A Callegari ◽

Kelly L Souza ◽

Adsos Passos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Control Diet ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Optimal Dosage ◽

Finishing Pigs ◽

Initial Body Weight ◽

Quadratic Effect ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Final Weight

Abstract The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the optimal dosage of phytase fed to growing-finishing pigs. One hundred and twenty barrows, 71 d old and initial body weight 25.16 ± 2.80kg, were distributed in 40 pens according to a randomized complete block design and assigned to 5 treatments: 1. Positive control: diet formulated to meet or exceed the nutrient requirement of pigs (PC); 2. Negative control: PC diets formulated with 0,11% lower Ca and 0,13% lower available P (NC); 3. NC + 1,500 FYT of phytase; 4. NC + 3,000 FYT of phytase; 5. NC +4,500 FYT of phytase. The corn-soybean meal-based diets were formulated to be iso-nutrient and isoenergetic, except for Ca and av. P. The 4 diets were formulated according to a growing I (71-94 days of age), growing II (95-115d), finishing I (116-143 d) and finishing II (144-156 d) phases. Carcass traits were measured and submitted to the European Carcass Classification (SEUROP). Performance and carcass data were submitted to ANOVA, and regression analysis. There was a quadratic effect on FCR (P< 0.05) in growing I phase,; better FCR (quadratic, P< 0.05) on finishing II to 1,500 and 3,000 FYT (5.56 and 0.35%, respectively); an increase of 5.43 and 1.52% DWG in finishing II (quadratic, P< 0.05) and a reduced 6.60% to 4,500FYT; an improvement the total DWG and final weight (quadratic, P< 0.05) in 6.19 and 4.52%, and 5.27 and 3.57%, for 1,500 and 3,000 FYT, respectively. Phytase supplementation did not improve Carcass weight (P >0.05). The animals fed with 4,500 FYT diet had more carcasses classified as E (between 55–60% lean meat-SEUROP) compared other groups. Doses between 1,500 and 3,000 FYT improve FCR, DWG and final LW of growing and finishing pigs.

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PSIII-3 Metabolizable utilization of energy and protein for egg production by addition of dried citrus pulp and eggshell into diet for laying quails (coturnix japonica)

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skab235.536 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽

pp. 292-292

Author(s):

Carlos Alfredo Gaona Rodríguez ◽

Hugo Bernal Barragán ◽

Nydia Corina Vásquez Aguilar ◽

Estela Garza Brenner ◽

Néstor Arce Vázquez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Feed Intake ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Egg Production ◽

Production Efficiency ◽

Control Diet ◽

Egg Yolk ◽

Egg Mass ◽

Citrus Pulp ◽

Protein Energy

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the effects of adding 0% (T1), 6% (T2), 12% (T3) and 18% (T4) of a mixture (83% dried citrus pulp (DCP) and 17% eggshell) into a sorghum-soybean meal-limestone based diet for laying quails, on production efficiency and quality of egg. Thirty-two quails were individually housed and randomly assigned (n = 8) to the four experimental diets, during the first 5 week of the laying cycle. Quail LW and feed intake were recorded weekly. Produced eggs were weighed (n = 457) and egg mass production recorded. Proportions of albumen, yolk and shell, egg yolk color, and shell thickness, were determined (n = 55/treatment). On week 5, total excreta of 24 laying quails (n = 6) were collected throughout 96 h, to determine metabolizable utilization of DM, energy, crude protein and ash. Statistical analyses were performed with SPSS® software. Initial and final LW, feed intake and egg production were similar (P >0.05) among treatments. Egg mass was higher (P < 0.05) in T2 than T4. Egg weight of quails fed T1 and T2 was higher than others (P < 0.05). The eggshell of quails fed T2 was thicker (248 vs 236 μm; P < 0.05) than T1. Eggshell proportion of quails fed the mixture was higher (P < 0.05) than in T1 (11.3 vs 10.5%). Yolk proportion of T1 was higher (P < 0.05). The b* parameter was lower (P < 0.05) for T1. Metabolizable utilization of dietary DM (72.1%) and energy (68.8%) of T1 was 13% higher (P < 0.05) than T4, however protein (avg 41.4%) and ash (avg 46.7%) utilization were similar (P > 0.05) among treatments. In conclusion, adding up to 12% of the mixture (83% DCP and 17% eggshell) in quail diets, resulted in similar egg production parameters, and metabolizable utilization of dietary DM, crude protein, energy and ash, however improved thickness of eggshell, compared to the control diet.

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Effect of Selenium Source and Level on Performance, Egg Quality, Egg Selenium Content, and Serum Biochemical Parameters in Laying Hens

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods9010068 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 68 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Hu Liu ◽

Qifang Yu ◽

Chengkun Fang ◽

Sijia Chen ◽

Xiaopeng Tang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Egg Production ◽

Laying Hens ◽

Egg Quality ◽

Control Diet ◽

Egg Yolk ◽

Selenium Content ◽

Selenium Yeast ◽

Serum Biochemical ◽

High Level ◽

Biochemical Indices

The objective of this study was to compare the effect of sodium selenite (SS) and selenium yeast (SY) on performance, egg quality, and selenium concentration in eggs and serum biochemical indices in laying hens. Seven hundred twenty healthy Roman laying hens (21 weeks old, 18 weeks in lay) with a similar laying rate (90.27% ± 1.05%) were randomly divided into 5 groups with 6 replicates of 24 hens each. Five diets were prepared as a 1+2×2 factorial arrangement with control and two sources of Se at two levels. Control diet (control) was prepared without adding exogenous selenium (analyzed basal Se content of 0.178 mg/kg). The other four diets were prepared with the control diet supplemented with SY or SS at 0.3 mg/kg (low; L) or 0.5 mg/kg (high; H) to give 5 diets designated as control, SY-L, SY-H, SS-L, and SS-H. The analyzed selenium content in the SY-L, SY-H, SS-L, and SS-H diets were 0.362, 0.572, 0.323, and 0.533 mg/kg respectively. The pre-trial period lasted 7 d, and the experimental period lasted 56 d (30 weeks old), during which the egg production, egg quality, and hen serum parameters were measured. Results showed that selenium source and level had no effect (P > 0.05) on average daily egg weight and feed conversion ratio (FCR). However, the laying rate was different at the L and H levels of supplementation, regardless of source, such that hens that were supplemented had a higher performance than that of the control, and the H level of supplementation lead to a higher laying rate than that of the L level (P < 0.05). There was a difference in average daily feed intake (ADFI) with an interaction in selenium source and level (P < 0.05), such that SS-L was higher than other selenium supplemented treatment or control. There were no significant differences in egg quality (P > 0.05); at the high level, SY had higher egg yolk selenium compared with SS. However, within SY, adding 0.5 mg/kg selenium led to higher egg yolk selenium than 0.3 mg/kg selenium (P < 0.05). Moreover, adding 0.3 mg/kg SY, 0.3 mg/kg, or 0.5 mg/kg SS to the basal diet had no significant effect on the selenium content in the egg (P > 0.05). There were no significant differences in serum biochemical indices among the five groups (P > 0.05). In conclusion, adding a high level of selenium in the diet of laying hens significantly increased egg production, and addition of a high level of selenium in the form of SY led to a higher deposition of selenium in the yolk than that of SS. These results indicate that adding 0.5 mg/kg of SY in the diet of laying hens would result in Se-enriched eggs.

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Effect of graded levels of lablab (Lablab purpureus L. Sweet) hay on carcass characteristics of red sokoto goats fed maize stover basal diet

Journal of Agriculture Forestry and the Social Sciences ◽

10.4314/joafss.v11i2.14 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 123-131

Author(s):

MR Hassan ◽

SB Abdu ◽

BS Seyi ◽

JT Amodu ◽

HY Adamu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Control Diet ◽

Carcass Characteristics ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Meat Production ◽

Lablab Purpureus ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Inclusion Level ◽

Effect Of Feeding ◽

Smallholder Systems

An experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of feeding varying levels of lablab hay on carcass characteristics of Red Sokoto bucks. Twenty (20) male, non castrate Red Sokoto bucks of average initial weight range of 9.30-11.87± 0.1kg, were used for the experiment. They were randomly assigned to five treatment diets containing lablab hay at 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% levels of inclusion, respectively. The bucks were individually pen-fed with the concentrate diets at 2% body weight in a Randomized Complete Block Design for a period of 90 days, before they were slaughtered. Results revealed that a 50% inclusion level of lablab hay in the diet led to 79% higher (P<0.05) dressed weight compared to the control diet (35%). The length of small intestine increased by 51% (P<0.05) at 100% level of inclusion of lablab hay compared to the control diet (25%). Also, there was a 45% increase (P<0.05) in the head weight of the bucks at 75% level of lablab hay inclusion. Similarly, including lablab hay at 100% in the diet led to 55% decrease (P<0.05) in the abdominal fat content compared to the control diet. Generally, lablab hay inclusion in the diet of Red Sokoto bucks led to increased (P<0.05) weight of other prime cuts and organs. It was therefore concluded that lablab hay is a potential feed supplement for Red Sokoto bucks under smallholder systems and should be adopted by the farmers for better performance, heavier carcass weight and lean meat production in Nigeria.Key words: Carcass, diet, goats, lablab, Nigeria

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Dietary supplementation with sodium humate improves egg quality and immune function of laying hens

Journal of Applied Animal Nutrition ◽

10.3920/jaan2020.0009 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 93-99

Author(s):

A.R. Zhang ◽

S.A. Pirzado ◽

G.H. Liu ◽

Z.M. Chen ◽

W.H. Chang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Egg Production ◽

Laying Hens ◽

Egg Quality ◽

Control Diet ◽

Dietary Supplementation ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Egg Yolk ◽

Shell Quality ◽

Sodium Humate ◽

Antioxidant Parameters

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the dietary addition of sodium humate (HAS) on performance and immune response of laying hens during peak lay, over an eight-week period. Laying hens, aged 24 weeks old, were randomly allotted to four dietary treatments: a basal control diet or the basal diet supplemented with 0.1, 0.3 or 0.5% HAS. Each treatment had six replicates with 15 layers per replicate. Egg production, egg quality, serum antioxidant parameters and immunity indexes were measured. HAS had no significant effect on egg production or egg and shell quality, but all supplemental levels significantly improved Haugh unit values and egg yolk colour. Supplementation with all levels of HAS significantly increased serum immunoglobuline (Ig) level compared to the hens fed the control diet. Feeding either 0.1 or 0.5% HAS significantly increased serum IgM levels. The results indicated that dietary supplementation with HAS can enhance egg albumin quality and improve immunity in laying hens.

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PENGGANTIAN TEPUNG IKAN DENGAN TEPUNG KEONG MAS PADA LEVEL BERBEDA DALAM RANSUM TERHADAP PERFORMANS DAN KARKAS ENTOK

Majalah Ilmiah Peternakan ◽

10.24843/mip.2017.v20.i03.p02 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 94

Author(s):

TAMI, I W. ◽

I M. MASTIKA ◽

I M. NURIYASA

Keyword(s):

Fish Meal ◽

Block Design ◽

Control Diet ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Muscovy Ducks

An experiment was conducted on the replacement of fish meal with golden snails meal at different level onperformance and carcass of muscovy ducks. A randomized complete block design (RCBD), with five treatmentsand four replications was used in this study so in other words there were 20 experiments unit conducted. Muscovyducks were given diet using 15% fish meal as a control diet (R0), the replacement of 25% fish meal with golden snailsmeal (R1), the replacement of 50% fish meal with golden snails meal (R2), replacement 75% fish meal with goldensnails meal (R3) and 100% replacement of fish meal with golden snails meal (R4). Meal Rations and drinking waterare provided adlibitum. The results of the experiment showed that there was no significant difference (P>0.05)among in five treatments on the performances and carcass of muscovy ducks. The results also showed Muscovyduck given diet 75% replacement of fish meal with golden snails meal (R3) produced the highest performance andcarcass. Based on the results of this experiment it was concluded that the replacement of fish meal with goldensnails meal up to 100% did not affect performance and carcass of muscovy ducks.

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Effects of dietary fish silage and fish fat on performance and egg quality of laying hens

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/a00-086 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 81 (2) ◽

pp. 245-251 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

N. P. Kjos ◽

O. Herstad ◽

A. Skrede ◽

M. Øverland

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Feed Intake ◽

Egg Production ◽

Laying Hens ◽

Egg Quality ◽

Control Diet ◽

Egg Yolk ◽

Taste Intensity ◽

Dietary Fish

A total of 45 laying hens were fed a control diet, or one of four diets containing 50 g kg–1 fish silage and different levels of fish fat (1.8, 8.8, 16.8 or 24.8 g kg–1), to determine the effect of fish silage and fish fat in the diet on performance and egg quality. Fish silage did not affect feed intake, egg production, fatty acid composition of yolk, yolk color or sensory quality of eggs, compared with the control. The diets with 16.8 or 24.8 g kg–1 fish fat decreased feed intake (P < 0.001), egg production (P < 0.001), and hen-day egg production (P < 0.04), and increased yolk color index (P < 0.003). The proportions of the fatty acid C22:1 (P < 0.001), and PUFA as the sum of C18:2 n-6, C20:5 n-3, C22:5 n-3 and C22:6 n-3 (P < 0.02) in egg yolk were highest for the fish silage diets with 24.8, 16.8 or 8.8 g kg–1 fish fat, and lowest for the diet with 1.8 g kg–1 fish fat. Proportions of C18:1 (P < 0.001) and C20:1 (P < 0.001) were lowest for the diets with 16.8 or 24.8 g kg–1 fish fat. Egg yolk cholesterol did not differ among treatments. The diet with 16.8 g kg–1 fish fat resulted in a more intense egg albumen whiteness as measured by the sensory study, compared with the other diets (P < 0.05). There was a linear relationship between dietary fish fat level and increased off-taste intensity of egg yolk (P< 0.03). Key words: Fish silage, fish fat, laying hens, egg production, egg quality

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PSXIV-28 Performance of lambs of sheep fed diets containing narasin

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skz258.880 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽

pp. 447-447

Author(s):

Rhaissa Garcia de Assis ◽

Janaina S Biava ◽

Nathalia R Eckermann ◽

Thamires U Sturion ◽

Terezinha T de Souza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dry Matter ◽

Block Design ◽

Control Diet ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Dry Matter Intake ◽

Milk Replacer ◽

Sugarcane Molasses ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Ad Libitum ◽

Daily Gain

Abstract The objective of this trial was to evaluate the effects of increasing levels of narasin in the diet of lactating ewes on dry matter intake (DMI) and average daily gain (ADG) of their lambs. Forty crossbred ewes Dorper x Santa Inês with their lambs were assigned to a randomized complete block design (10 blocks and 4 treatments). The treatments were defined by the inclusion of narasin to a base diet (16.8 ± 0.66 of CP) containing 50% of concentrate and 50% of Brachiaria brizanta hay, as follow: 0N - control diet; 13N - 13 mg of narasin/kg of DM; 20N - 20 mg of narasin/kg of DM; 27N - 27 mg of narasin/kg of DM. The experiment lasted from 14 to 70 days of lactation. From the second to the tenth week of age the lambs received initial concentrate (57.0% corn; 25.0% soybean meal; 1.5% limestone; 1.5% of mineral mix; 5.0% of sugarcane molasses and 10% of milk replacer; composition: DM=89.3%; CP = 21.1%; FDN = 8.9%; FDA=2.7%) (ad libitum) in a private feeder. All data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS. The lambs were weighed weekly after 5-hours fasting. The orts were quantified weekly to determine the DMI. There was no effect of the supply of narasin to the ewes on the DMI by the lambs (0N = 0.126; 13N = 0.088; 20N = 0.153; 27N = 0.145 kg/d; P > 0.05). However, the supply of narasin decreased the ADG (0N = 269.3; 13N = 259.60; 20N = 264.02; 27 = 228.01 g; P < 0.01) of lambs. In conclusion, the use of narasin for the ewes did not benefit lamb performance.

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Performance of laying birds fed diets containing forage meal of Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl A. Gray) and antibiotics

Nigerian Journal of Animal Production ◽

10.51791/njap.v33i1.2147 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 33 (1) ◽

pp. 58-68

Author(s):

S. G. Ademola ◽

G. O. Farinu

Keyword(s):

Egg Production ◽

Egg Quality ◽

Control Diet ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Egg Yolk ◽

Tithonia Diversifolia ◽

Egg Weight ◽

Wild Sunflower ◽

Laying Performance ◽

Diet Control

A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary inclusion of the forage meal of Tithonia diversifolia with or without antibiotic on the laying performance and egg quality of birds for a period of eleven weeks. T. diversifolia is also known as wild sunflower leaf. Wild sunflower leaf meal (WSFLM) was incorporated in the diets at 75g/kg (basal diet). Streptomycin and penicillin were added to basal diet at 100 ppm each. Mixture of penicillin and streptomycin, each at 100 ppm added to the fourth diet. Control diet neither contained WSFLM nor antibiotic. The results of weekly performance at first week of the study, showed that there were significant (P<0.01) increases for egg production, hen day production and feed efficiency for birds fed diets containing WSFLM, while egg weight and feed intake were not affected. Haugh Unit (P <0.05) and egg breadth (P <0.01) 8th week, whereas food consumption at second (P <0.05), fourth and fifth weeks (P <0. 01) were all significantly influenced by the dietary treatments. Yellow pigmentation of egg yolks was significantly (P <0.01) enhanced by WSFLM throughout 77 days. The summary of the data at the end of the study indicated that WSFLM significantly (P <0.01) enhanced egg. Weight, egg production, Egg yolk and hen day production (P < 0.05). Control birds and those fed basal diets with antibiotic significantly (P <0.05) retained protein and ether extract than those fed basal diet. Supplementation of basal diet with either penicillin or streptomycin positively affected the egg production and egg weight at 77th day, whereas the mixture of the two antibiotics adversely affected the performance of the birds. It is therefore advisable that WSFLM at 75 g kg-1 in combination with either penicillin or streptomycin at 100ppm may be included in the diet of laying birds

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