scholarly journals Oral supplementation of probiotics on the performance and gut histo-morphology of suckling piglets

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisandro Alfredo Haupenthal ◽  
João Garcia Caramori Júnior ◽  
Gerusa da Silva Salles Corrêa ◽  
Bruno Alexander Nunes Silva
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Probiotic Bacteria ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Average Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Ileal Mucosa ◽  
Large White ◽  
Oral Supplementation ◽  
Suckling Piglets

ABSTRACT: The effects of the oral supplementation of probiotics on the performance and intestinal histo-morphology of the duodenal, jejunal, and ileal mucosa, comparing with two different genetic lines (purebred Large White or crossbred Large White x Landrace) of suckling piglets were evaluated between 2 and 19 days of age. In total, 276 piglets were distributed according to a completely randomized experimental design in a 2 x 3 factorial arrangement, with four replicates each. Treatments consisted of two genetic lines (130 purebred Large White and 146 crossbred Large White x Landrace piglets), two different probiotic products (probiotic bacteria or a combination of yeast and probiotic bacteria), and a control (basal diet with no addition). Probiotics increased the average daily weight gain (P=0.02), independently of genetic line, but did not influence (P>0.10) average daily feed intake. Crossbred piglets presented higher average daily feed intake (P=0.03) than purebreds. The incidence of diarrhea was not significantly different (P>0.10) among the treatments. Intestinal histo-morphometric parameters were not influenced by genetic lines (P>0.10). However, the piglets fed with the probiotic products exhibited higher duodenal villi compared with the control (P=0.01). In conclusion, piglets that received oral probiotics improved intestinal health and average daily weight gain, independent of the genetic lines. Higher duodenal villus were measured in P2 and P3 (450.37 μm and 435.62 μm, respectively) compared with the control group P1 (309.25 μm; P=0.01). Higher average daily weight gain was obtained in P2 and P3 (259.55 g and 250.50 g, respectively) compared with P1 (221.9 g; P=0.02).

scholarly journals A simple and fast sampling method for chemical analyses and densitometry of bones through rib biopsies in cattle

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Malafaia ◽  
Yury T.G. Salcedo ◽  
Ricardo A.R. Uscategui ◽  
Vinícius C. Souza ◽  
Diogo Fleury A. Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Phosphorus Deficiency ◽  
Postoperative Recovery ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Average Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Simple Method

ABSTRACT: We developed and evaluated a fast and simple method to obtain suitable bone samples for densitometry and chemical analysis through biopsies of the 12th rib of cattle. The postoperative recovery, dry matter intake (DMI) and average daily weight gain (ADG) was evaluated in 36 Nellore steers, nine of which were randomly selected for the control group and 27 others were rib biopsied. Every 30 days, rib biopsy was performed in nine steers, using a corded-electric pistol-grip drill coupled with a hole saw of a 3mm diameter pilot drill bit. This rib biopsy technique provided a suitable sample obtained in a fast way and allowed the surgeon to work alone with the animal slightly sedated and restrained in the crush. Dry matter intake (DMI) was not affected in biopsied animals. At the end of the experimental period (116 days) the average daily weight gain (ADG) was similar in the steers biopsied or not. The described method provided rib samples from cattle suitable for densitometry and chemical analysis of bone tissue without effects on health and performance. This information could greatly increase the accuracy for the diagnosis of phosphorus deficiency in cattle raised on pasture and allow the evaluation of bone metabolism in experimental animals.

scholarly journals Performance of Broilers Supplemented With Peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) Powder

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 703-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nematollah Asadi ◽  
Seyed Davood Husseini ◽  
Mohammad-Taghi Tohidian ◽  
Nargess Abdali ◽  
Amir Mimandipoure ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Average Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Production Period ◽  
And Control

This study was conducted to determine the effects of dietary supplementation of peppermint ( Mentha piperita L.) on the performance of broiler chicks. 500 Ross broiler chicks were divided into 5 treatment groups of 4 replications in a completely randomized design format. The diets were ISO-caloric and ISO-nitrogenous ones and contained 1.5, 3, 4.5, and 6 g/kg of peppermint powder. At start, growing, and end periods, the effects of peppermint powder on average daily weight gain, feed conversation ratio, and mortality rate were studied. The results of the present study showed that over a production period of 42 days peppermint had a significant effect on average daily weight gain and feed conversation ratio when compared with the control group ( P < .05). The level of 4.5 g/kg had the highest average daily weight gain (52.78 g), and control treatment with 46.98 g had the least average daily weight gain among different levels of peppermint. The level of 4.5 g/kg and 6 g/kg of peppermint had the least mortality compared to control treatment during training period ( P < .05). From this experiment, we can conclude that treatment with 4.5 g/kg peppermint powder has better performance and carcass characteristics in broilers.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF BISOLBI ON BIOCHEMICAL AND PRODUCTIVE PROCESSES OF THE HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN CALVES

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-63
Author(s):  
Galina Molyanova ◽  
Maksim Nogotkov
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
The Body ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Average Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Glucose Content ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Experimental Group

The purpose of the research is increasing the average daily gain of animals due to the use of the Bisolbi drug. The effect of Bisolbi preparation based on Bacillus subtilis H-13 1.5×108 (LLC «Bisolbi-Inter») on the biochemical and productive life of calves was studied. The scientific and production experiment was carried out on the basis of a dairy farm of the State «Kupinskoe» Unitary Enterprise of the Samara region involving 30 Holstein-Friesian calves. The biological effect of the drug is provided due to its adsorption properties, the ability to enhance the activity of a number of enzyme systems and increase the digestive and systemic immunity of the body. The drug use increases the integration intensity of animals: the amount of total protein in the blood serum of calves of the experimental group at 120 days of age was higher by 8.9% (p<0.05), albumin – by 9.2% (p<0.01), compared with the animal data of con-trolled group. The Bisolbi indication contributed to an increase in the intensity of carbohydrate-lipoid metabolism: the cholesterol amount was higher by 23% (p<0.01), the glucose content – by 0.4 mmol/l (p<0.05) in the blood of 120 day old calves of the experimental group, compared with the data of controlled animals. It was found that the body weight of calves in the control group of 100 days age was 105.23±2.11 kg, in the experimental group – 108.6±2.19 kg, which is 3.37 kg higher. The average daily weight gain of animals in experimental group was signif-icantly higher by 0.075 kg (p<0.01). At 120 days of age, the body weight of the experimental calves was higher by 4.19 kg (p<0.05), the average daily weight gain by 0.080 kg (p<0.05), compared with the data of the controlled ani-mals. The indication of Bisolbi 5-10 ml (LLC «Bisolbi-Inter») to calves daily for 2 months resulted in an additional profit constructively of 137 rubles from each head.

scholarly journals The evaluation of growth and selected carcass and meat quality parameters in fattening bulls fed a diet based on concentrates or maize silage

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 9) ◽  
pp. 368-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Štercová ◽  
A. Krása ◽  
R. Lepková ◽  
J. Šterc
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Average Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Maize Silage ◽  
The Mean

The aim of the study was to evaluate the growth rate and selected carcass and meat quality parameters in bulls fed a high-grain diet and to compare the results with those obtained in bulls fed a diet based on preserved roughage. The trial included 18 Czech-Pied bulls fed a diet with a high proportion of concentrated feed and 18 Czech-Pied bulls fed a diet based on maize silage, used as a control group. The trial was launched after the weaning of calves. During the fattening period, live weight and average daily weight gain were monitored. The bulls were slaughtered at the live weight of 550–600 kg, the mean age at slaughter was 473 days for the high-grain diet group and 474 days for the control group. The carcasses were classified to SEUROP quality grades, and carcass gain and dressing percentage were calculated. Samples of <I>m. longissimus pars thoracis</I> were taken from five bulls in each group to examine selected meat quality parameters. In the period from weaning to slaughter the high-grain diet bulls and the control bulls achieved the average daily weight gain of 1.29 kg and 1.21 kg, respectively. Differences between the groups were not significant. The high-grain diet group showed higher average carcass weight and higher carcass weight gain, differences between the groups were not significant, either. As to meat quality parameters under study, a significant difference was found only in meat lightness (L*), with the mean value in the high-grain diet group being significantly (<I>P</I> ≤ 0.01) lower than in the control group. The other meat quality parameters did not show any significant differences between the groups. In this study, the high-grain diet gave similar performance as the maize silage-based diet in fattening bulls. The high-grain diet group and control group showed comparable average daily weight gain and selected carcass and meat quality parameters.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the performance characteristics, nutrient digestibility and carcass quality of broiler chickens fed Lacto acidophilus®as a replacement for a commercial antibiotic

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 166-174
Author(s):  
E. Opoola ◽  
C. Z. Kahuwai ◽  
T. S. Olugbemi
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Final Body Weight

An experiment was conducted to evaluate efficacy of Lacto acidophilus on the growth performance, carcass characteristics and nutrient digestibility of broiler chickens. Two hundred and twenty five (225), one day old chicks were purchased from local commercial hatchery and were randomly divided into 5 groups and each group had 3 replicates of 17 chicks in a completely randomized design. Five iso-caloric and iso-nitrogenous (ME 2998kcal/ kg and CP 23.21%) broiler starter and finisher (ME 2990 kcal/ kg and CP 20.33%) experimental diets containing 0, 150, 200 and 250g Lacto acidophilus® for T1-T4 respectively and T5 containing Oxytetracycline were formulated. Broiler starter and finisher diets were fed from 0-3 and 4-7 weeks, respectively. Data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance using Statistical Analysis System and significant differences between treatments means were separated using Duncan Multiple Range Test. There were significant (P<0.05) difference in final weight, weight gain, average daily weight gain (ADWG), total feed intake (TFI), average daily feed intake (ADFI), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and feed cost/kg gain across the treatment groups. It was observed that chickens fed dietary Oxytet (oxytetracycline) had the best results in terms of the final body weight, weight gain and ADWG but similar to those fed 150 and 200g Lacto acidophilus® addition levels. The percentage dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), crude fibre (CF), ether extracts (EE) and ash retention increased with increase in Lacto acidophilus® inclusion with exception for 250gLacto acidophilus® inclusion (CP, CF, EE). However, it was observed that chickens fed dietary levels of Lacto acidophilus® had the best live weight, dressed weight and dressing percentage compared to the control group. It was concluded that chickens fe Lacto acidophilus® inclusion may as well compete favorably with antibiotics growth promoter fed chickens.     Une expérience a été menée pour évaluer l'efficacité de Lacto acidophilus sur la performance de croissance, les caractéristiques de la carcasse et la digestibilité nutritive des poulets de gril. Deux cent vingt-cinq (225), poussins d'un jour ont été achetés à l'écloserie commerciale locale et ont été répartis au hasard en 5 groupes et chaque groupe avait 3 répliques de 17 poussins dans une conception complètement randomisée. Cinq iso- caloriques et iso-azotés (le 'ME' 2998kcal/kg et le 'CP' 23.21%) démarreur et finisseur de poulet de gril (le 'ME' 2990 kcal/kg et le 'CP' 20.33%) des régimes expérimentaux contenant respectivement 0, 150, 200 et 250 g d'acidophilus lacto® pour le T1-T4 et le T5 contenant de l'Oxytetracycline ont été formulés. Les régimes d'entrée et de finisseur de poulet de gril ont été alimentés de 0-3 et 4-7 semaines, respectivement. Les données obtenues ont fait l'objet d'une analyse de la variance à l'aide du système d'analyse statistique et des différences significatives entre les moyens de traitement et ils ont été séparées à l'aide du test à distance multiple Duncan. Il y avait une différence significative (P<0,05) dans le poids final, le gain de poids, le gain de poids quotidien moyen (le 'ADWG'), la consommation totale d'aliments pour animaux (le 'TFI'), l'apport quotidien moyen en aliments pour animaux (ADFI), le ratio de conversion des aliments pour animaux (FCR) et le gain coût/kg des aliments pour animaux dans les groupes de traitement. On a observé que les poulets nourris oxytet alimentaire (oxytetracycline) ont eu les meilleurs résultats en termes de poids corporel final, gain de poids et de 'ADWG', mais similaire à ceux nourris 150 et 200g Lacto acidophilus® niveaux d'addition. Le pourcentage de matière sèche (le 'DM'), de protéines brutes (le 'CP'), de fibres brutes (le 'CF'), d'extraits d'éther (le 'EE') et de rétention de cendres a augmenté avec l'augmentation de lacto acidophilus® l'inclusion à l'exception de 250 glacto acidophilus® inclusion (CP, CF, EE). Cependant, il a été observé que les poulets nourris à des niveaux alimentaires de Lacto acidophilus® avaient le meilleur poids réel, le poids habillé et le pourcentage de vinaigrette par rapport au groupe témoin. Il a été conclu que les poulets feLacto acidophilus® inclusion peut aussi bien rivaliser favorablement avec les antibiotiques promoteur de croissance nourris poulets.

scholarly journals Effect of mannanoligosaccharide (MOS) and inulin supplementation on the performance of calves reared on milk replacer

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 81-84
Author(s):  
Szandra Tóth
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Milk Replacer ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dairy Heifers ◽  
Live Body Weight ◽  
The Individual

The objective of the current study was to examine the effects of mannan-oligosaccharides or inulin on HF dairy heifers’ starter feed intake and daily weight gain in farm situations. We measured these parameters across two experiments. In Trial 1 (T1), next to the control group, 15-15 HF heifers received MOS or inulin supplementation from 1st day of age to weaning. The amount of the supplementations changed according the calves’ age and the amount of milk replacer from 12 g to 24 g/calf/day. We measured the individual feed intake daily, the live weight at 0, 14, 21 and 60 days. In the second experiment (T2) we used 30 HF heifers also in three group (Control, MOS, Inulin) but we gave more from the experiment materials (28 g/calf/day MOS or Inulin). We started dosing the supplements with the colostrums feeding, and gave up on 14th day of age. We also measured the individual feed intake daily and the live body weight (BW) at 0, 14, 28, 42 and 56 days. The treatments in T1 did not cause significant differences in average feed intake, body weight and average daily weight gain. When the calves got the supplementation with colostrum too, the ADWG was significant lower in the group fed inulin than control and group fed MOS (P<0.05). We calculate the ADWG all of the experimental periods. From 0 to 14 day, and from 0 to 56 day the ADWG in inulin group was lower than control group, but the datas of group MOS did not differ from the others. Due to the distribution of the birth weights, the lower ADWG did not manifest in differences in body weight in other points of the experiments. We did not find an interaction between the treatments and the daily feed intake of calves. According with our measurements,

scholarly journals ADAPTIVE CAPACITY OF STUD RAMS OF ASKANIAN MEAT AND WOOL BREED AND PARAMETERS OF SELECTION OF ZAKARPATTJA-TYPE PRECOCE BREED EWES FOR INTER-BREEDING

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-59
Author(s):  
I. V. Goncharenko ◽  
V. M. Agiy ◽  
R. G. Filep ◽  
T. M. Durdinets
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Adaptive Capacity ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Average Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Meat Productivity

The rams of the Askanian meat-wool breed, grown and kept in the conditions of the steppe zone of the south of Ukraine, were investigated for their adaptive capacity and adaptation to the conditions of the lowland regions of Zakarpattja. It was found that the physiological response of the rams to the maximum air temperature was characterized by a slight increase in body temperature and pulse, and a significant increase in respiratory rate per 1 minute. The good adaptive properties of the Askanian meat and wool breed rams are indicated by the high breeding capacity of ewes, at 97%, in both farms. The ewes of the breed prekos with a live weight of 55.9–58.9 kg were involved in the breeding process, and the Askanian rams with a live weight of 93.3–95.1 kg. It was studied the influence of crossbred crossing of crossbred Askanian sheep of meat and wool breed on the development of productive and reproductive features of Zakarpattja sheep ewes of the breed prekos with the purpose of obtaining mixed breeds with improved economic performance. It is proven by theory and practice that one of the main criteria for the rational management of sheep breeding in modern conditions is the study of individual features of growth and development of young sheep. In a market economy, increasing the meat productivity of sheep is an important factor that determines the level of economic efficiency of the industry. Obtained progeny at the age of 4–8 months had a higher intensity of growth. Thus, the average daily weight gain of lambs in the control group was 234 g, and experimental — 265 g, which is 11.3% more than in the control. The average daily weight gain of the bright control group was 205 g, and the experimental one — 244 g, which is 11.9% more than in the control group. At the age of 8 months, the fat mass of slaughtered animals ranged from 32–36 kg and the carcass weight was 15–18 kg with good fat irrigation. The classification of sheep carcasses by fat irrigation according to the EUROP system corresponded to the average level of coverage of carcasses with fat, that is, the whole carcass was covered with a thin layer of fat, at the base of the tail — small accumulations of fat, the kidneys partially or completely covered with a thin layer of fat, with a slight fatty water between visible intercostal muscles .The balanced feeding of experimental animals had a positive effect on the increase in live birth weight and their viability. The minimum selection parameters of breeding sheep ewes, which are involved in the breeding process, are also set for obtaining animals with high multi-farrowing and combined productivity.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF CASTRATION ON GROWTH RATE, BODY AND VISCERAL ORGAN WEIGHTS OF PIGS.

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 121-125
Author(s):  
C. Okere ◽  
M. U. Iloje
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Visceral Organ ◽  
Average Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Large White ◽  
Organ Weights ◽  
Visceral Organs ◽  
Body Weights

Effects of castration on growth rate, body and visceral organ weights of pigs were investi­gated using data from intact males, intact females of Large White pigs full or half cast­rated at 2, 4, or 6 weeks of age. Body weights and feed intake were recorded to the nearest 0.1kg at weekly intervals from birth, while weights of abdominal and thoracic organs were taken at slaughter. Results show that age at castration signi­ficantly affected weaning weights and weights at 2 months of age (P < 0.05), but did not affect the weights of visceral organs and the average daily weight gain (P> 0.05). Castration significantly affected weaning weights (P <0.05) average daily gain (P <0.01), body weights at 4 months (P <0.05), but not the weights of the visceral organs (P> 0.05) Intact females and, intact males significant­ly differed in body weights at 4 months and in average daily weight gain (P 0.05). Com­parisons between full castrates and intact males showed significant differences in all the measured parameters except the weights of visceral organs. Full castrates and intact females did not differ, significantly (P > 0.05) in any of the traits measured.

scholarly journals Effects of Replacing Grass with Foliage on Growth Rate and Feed Intake in Goats—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 3163
Author(s):  
Cecilia Kronqvist ◽  
Daovy Kongmanila ◽  
Ewa Wredle
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
General Effect ◽  
Average Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Positive Effect

Small ruminants such as goats have a higher preference for browse species than cattle and sheep. In a meta-analysis of 42 papers describing 117 experimental treatments found by a search performed in June 2021 in PubMed and Web of Knowledge, we examined the general effect of including foliage in the diet of goats, replacing grasses, on dry matter intake and average daily weight gain. The inclusion requirement for a paper was that it described a controlled trial with a control diet of grass and with grass replaced by foliage in the experimental diet. Publication bias was estimated by calculating the Fail-safe n. Random effects analyses were conducted, using effect size calculated as Hedges’ d. The results showed that inclusion of foliage increased feed intake (Hedges’ d = 1.350, SE = 0.388) and average daily weight gain (Hedges’ d = 1.417, SE = 0.444) compared with a grass-based control. The positive effect of foliage inclusion on dry matter intake was associated with lower neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and higher crude protein (CP) in the foliage than in the grass it replaced. The positive effect on average daily weight gain was associated with higher CP concentration in the foliage than in grass. Foliage inclusion level showed a quadratic relationship with dry matter intake, with maximum dry matter intake achieved at a level of 50–60%. There was wide variation between the studies reviewed, and this variation was not reduced by subgroup analysis based on different kinds of foliage. In conclusion, the addition of foliage to goat diets can increase feed intake and daily weight gain, as an effect of the dietary preferences of goats and of generally higher nutritional value in foliage species compared with natural/semi-natural grass species.

Relationship between behavioural reactivity and feed efficiency in housed sheep

2010 ◽  
Vol 50 (7) ◽  
pp. 683 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Amdi ◽  
A. R. Williams ◽  
S. K. Maloney ◽  
A. H. Tauson ◽  
S. A. Knott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Metabolic Efficiency ◽  
Average Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Animal House

In this study we test the hypothesis that selecting sheep for a low behavioural reactivity to stressful situations will improve their metabolic efficiency, and thereby feed efficiency, during a controlled trial in an animal house. Twenty-four Merino wethers were used, 12 each from lines selected for high (HBR) and low (LBR) behavioural reactivity to stressful stimuli (human presence and social isolation). The sheep were habituated to the experimental procedures for 10 days, followed by 45 days during which voluntary feed intake was measured so that total daily energy intake was quantified. The sheep were weighed twice weekly before daily feeding. Feed efficiency was determined by measuring net feed intake, average daily weight gain and body condition score. Our hypothesis was not supported by the results of this study. There was no difference between LBR and HBR sheep in average daily weight gain or body condition score. The net feed intake of HBR sheep was lower than that of LBR sheep (P = 0.02), indicating that under the conditions of our experiment, HBR sheep were actually more feed efficient than LBR sheep. This study was carried out on sheep with steady intakes and in familiar surroundings. It is possible that LBR sheep may be more efficient than HBR sheep in more stressful situations.

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