scholarly journals Congestive heart failure in a young cat with excessive moderator bands (false tendons) in the left ventricle

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Genro Cony ◽  
Matheus Viezzer Bianchi ◽  
Fernando Froner Argenta ◽  
Carolina Rodrigues Oliveira ◽  
Carine Stefanello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Congestive Heart Failure ◽  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Interventricular Septum ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Pulmonary Atelectasis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Adult Cats ◽  
Well Differentiated

ABSTRACT: Left ventricular false tendons are fibrous or fibromuscular bands that transverse the ventricular cavity and have no attachment to the mitral valve in many species. In cats it is considered a congenital defect that is rarely related to clinical disease and death in adult cats. A 45 days-old mixed breed cat had a history of inappetence since birth. At the physical exam the patient was lethargic and presented restrictive dyspnoea. At necropsy, there were marked ascites, hydrothorax, hepatomegaly with enhanced lobular pattern (nutmeg liver), and the lungs were markedly diminished (compressive pulmonary atelectasis). The heart was enlarged due to marked dilation of the cardiac chambers. Moreover, multiple slightly whitish and irregular cord-like structures were connecting the posterior papillary muscle to the interventricular septum (excessive moderator bands /left ventricular false tendons) at the left ventricle. Microscopically, these structures were characterized by a marked proliferation of fibrous connective tissue intermixed with Purkinje cells and well-differentiated cardiomyocytes lined by a single layer of endocardium. This study described a case of excessive moderator bands (left ventricular false tendons) in a young cat associated with congestive heart failure and death.

scholarly journals An Echocardiographic Evaluation of Dilated Cardiomyopathy in a Tertiary Care Hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (215) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raj Kumar Thapa ◽  
Kanchan K.C ◽  
Rishi Khatri ◽  
Devendra Khatri ◽  
Rajeeb Kumar Deo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Congestive Heart Failure ◽  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Dilated Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Echocardiographic Evaluation ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction: Cardiomyopathies are diseases of heart muscle that may originate from genetic defects, cardiac myocyte injury or infiltration of myocardial tissues. Dilated cardiomyopathy is the most common phenotype and is often a final common pathway of numerous cardiac insults. Mostly it remains unknown in the absence of echocardiography, histopathology and genetic evaluation. Though common it is underdiagnosed with not much of data available in our setup.Methods: This study was analytical cross-sectional study of hospital data on Echocardiographic findings in 65 patients of DCM visiting cardiology unit for Echocardiographic evaluation from 1st of February to 31st July 2018 for the period of six months in Shree Birendra Hospital, a tertiary care military hospital at Chhauni, Kathmandu. Pediatric age group patients and those who refused to give consent were excluded. Data obtained were entered in Microsoft Excel 2010 and analyzed by IBM SPSS 21.Results: Among 65 patients enrolled 40 (61%) were male and 25 (39%) female with male to female ratio of 1.6:1. Elderly people (61-75 years) with an average age of 65 were commonly involved and they presented mostly with congestive heart failure, 32 (49%). Echocardiographic evaluation showed 36 (55%) with mildly dilated Left Ventricle (5.6-6.0cm). Majority had reduced Left ventricular systolic function with an average Ejection fraction (EF) of 39.6%. No significant difference between male and female with the average EF% (P=0.990) and there was no significant relation between age and average EF% (P=0.091).Conclusions: Dilated Cardiomyopathy is the commonest cardiomyopathy phenotype mostly presenting with congestive heart failure. It is often underdiagnosed in our part of the world, however echocardiography will easily detect the condition. Keywords: dilated cardiomyopathy; echocardiography; ejection fraction; left ventricle.

Congestive Heart Failure in Copper-Deficient Mice

2003 ◽  
Vol 228 (7) ◽  
pp. 811-817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laila Elsherif ◽  
Raymond V. Ortines ◽  
Jack T. Saari ◽  
Y. James Kang
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Congestive Heart Failure ◽  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Pressure Rise ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Mouse Heart ◽  
Total Period

Copper Deficiency (CuD) leads to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in various experimental models. The morphological, electrophysiological, and molecular aspects of this hypertrophy have been under investigation for a long time. However the transition from compensated hypertrophy to decompensated heart failure has not been investigated in the study of CuD. We set out to investigate the contractile and hemodynamic parameters of the CuD mouse heart and to determine whether heart failure follows hypertrophy in the CuD heart. Dams of FVB mice were fed CuD or copper-adequate (CuA) diet starting from the third day post delivery and the weanling pups were fed the same diet for a total period of 5 weeks (pre- and postweanling). At week 4, the functional parameters of the heart were analyzed using a surgical technique for catheterizing the left ventricle. A significant decrease in left ventricle systolic pressure was observed with no significant change in heart rate, and more importantly contractility as measured by the maximal rate of left ventricular pressure rise (+dP/dt) and decline (−dP/dt) were significantly depressed in the CuD mice. However, left ventricle end diastolic pressure was elevated, and relaxation was impaired in the CuD animals; the duration of relaxation was prolonged. In addition to significant changes in the basal level of cardiac function, CuD hearts had a blunted response to the stimulation of the β-adrenergic agonist isoproterenol. Furthermore, morphological analysis revealed increased collagen accumulation in the CuD hearts along with lipid deposition. This study shows that CuD leads to systolic and diastolic dysfunction in association with histopathological changes, which are indices commonly used to diagnose congestive heart failure.

Two-year course of cognitive function and mood in adults with congestive heart failure and coronary artery disease: the Heart-Mind Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osvaldo P. Almeida ◽  
Christopher Beer ◽  
Nicola T. Lautenschlager ◽  
Leonard Arnolda ◽  
Helman Alfonso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Congestive Heart Failure ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
History Of ◽  
Artery Disease

ABSTRACTBackground: Congestive heart failure (CHF) has been associated with impaired cognitive function, but it is unclear if these changes are specific to CHF and if they get worse with time. We designed this study to determine if adults with CHF show evidence of cognitive decline compared with adults with and without coronary artery disease (CAD).Methods: A longitudinal study was carried out of 77 adults with CHF (ejection fraction, EF < 0.4), 73 adults with a clinical history of CAD and EF > 0.6, and 81 controls with no history of CAD. The Cambridge Cognitive Examination of the Elderly (CAMCOG) was the primary outcome measure. Secondary measures included the California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT), digit coding and copying, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and the short form health survey (SF36). Endpoints were collected at baseline and after 12 and 24 months.Results: The adjusted CAMCOG scores of CHF participants declined 0.9 points over two years (p = 0.022) compared with controls without CAD. There were no differences between the groups on other cognitive measures. Participants with CHF and with CAD experienced similar changes in cognitive function over two years. Left ventricular EF and six-minute walk test results could not explain the observed associations.Conclusions: The changes in cognitive function and mood associated with CHF over two years are subtle and not specific to CHF.

Left Ventricular Inflow Tract Obstruction Secondary to a Myxoma in a Dog

2011 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Josefa Fernandez-del Palacio ◽  
Joaquin Sanchez ◽  
Jesus Talavera ◽  
Carlos Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Congestive Heart Failure ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Exercise Intolerance ◽  
Cardiac Murmur ◽  
Cardiac Apex ◽  
Spectral Doppler ◽  
History Of

This is the first description of a left ventricular inflow tract obstruction secondary to a myxoma in a dog. A 4 yr old, male fox terrier presented with a 1 mo history of cough and exercise intolerance. Expiratory dyspnea, pulmonary crackles, irregular cardiac rhythm, and a grade 4/6 pansystolic cardiac murmur over the left cardiac apex were the most important features on physical examination. The electrocardiogram revealed atrial fibrillation. Thoracic radiographs showed left-sided cardiac enlargement and mild pulmonary edema, especially in the hilar area. Two-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography showed severe left atrial dilation and a homogenous, echodense mass involving both leaflets of the mitral valve and the posteromedial papillary muscle, inducing mitral stenosis. Spectral Doppler echocardiography was consistent with severe left ventricular inflow tract obstruction secondary to a mass. Therapy for congestive heart failure was prescribed. Follow-up examinations of the dog 1 mo, 2 mo, and 6 mo after diagnosis showed an improvement in clinical signs, but similar echocardiographic features. Eleven months after diagnosis, the dog was euthanized at the owner's request because of recurrent congestive heart failure. The postmortem examination showed the cardiac tumor was consistent with a myxoma.

scholarly journals Investigation of congestive heart failure in beef cattle in a feedyard at a moderate altitude in western Nebraska

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 509-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodney A. Moxley ◽  
David R. Smith ◽  
Dale M. Grotelueschen ◽  
Tom Edwards ◽  
David J. Steffen
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Congestive Heart Failure ◽  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Right Ventricle ◽  
Interstitial Fibrosis ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Moderate Altitude ◽  
Coronary Arteriosclerosis ◽  
Replacement Fibrosis

Right-sided congestive heart failure (brisket disease) commonly occurs in cattle raised at elevations >2,500–3,500 m. We investigated clinical cases resembling brisket disease at a western Nebraska feedyard at a moderate altitude (1,369 m). Over a 15-mo period (2009–2010), we examined 17 cases (16 steers and 1 heifer), all purebred Angus. All animals had clinical right-sided heart failure: brisket and ventral abdominal edema, and severe chronic passive congestion of the liver. Gross examination confirmed right ventricular hypertrophy (left ventricle plus septum: right ventricle weight ratio mean: 1.33 vs. 2.8–4.0 reference interval). Microscopically, all 17 cases had interstitial fibrosis (mean score: 2.4 ± 0.8) and 6 had replacement fibrosis of the right ventricle, whereas 14 had interstitial fibrosis (mean score: 1.2 ± 0.2) and 0 had replacement fibrosis of the left ventricle. Lesions of arteriosclerosis were seen in 9 of 16 cases in 51 of 571 (8.9%) right ventricular coronary arteries, and in 10 of 16 cases in 52 of 366 (14.2%) left ventricular coronary arteries. The probability of coronary arteriosclerosis was greater in papillary ventricular muscle (OR = 11.3; p < 0.0001), left ventricle (OR = 4.8; p < 0.0001), and larger arteries (OR = 1.01; p < 0.0001). Pulmonary arteries and arterioles had lesions compatible with hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension. We hypothesize that moderate hypobaric conditions significantly contributed to disease in cattle genetically predisposed to hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension. Adiposity, coronary arteriosclerosis, and left ventricular fibrosis may have contributed to the condition; however, the cattle died prior to development of advanced obesity.

scholarly journals Surgical Repair of a Giant Aorto–Left Ventricular Fistula

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-135
Author(s):  
Charles Mve Mvondo ◽  
Marta Pugliese ◽  
Ellen M. Dailor
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Aortic Wall ◽  
Surgical Repair ◽  
Interventricular Septum ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Unusual Condition ◽  
The Right

Aortoventricular fistula, a rare congenital or acquired defect of the aortic wall, is characterized by an abnormal connection between the aorta and one of the ventricles. Symptom severity correlates with the diameter of the fistula and with the acute or chronic timing of presentation. The diagnosis is usually made by using echocardiography, and surgical treatment is necessary to avoid progression to heart failure. We describe the case of a 27-year-old woman who underwent successful surgical repair of an aortoventricular fistula that originated from the right coronary sinus and extended into the left ventricle through the interventricular septum. In addition to the patient's case, we briefly discuss this unusual condition

scholarly journals Myocardial velocities obtained by pulsed tissue Doppler in English Cocker Spaniels with dilated cardiomyopathy and congestive heart failure

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (9) ◽  
pp. 851-856
Author(s):  
Guilherme G. Pereira ◽  
Guilherme T. Goldfeder ◽  
Fernanda L. Yamaki ◽  
Valéria M.C. Oliveira ◽  
Maria Helena M.A. Larsson
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Congestive Heart Failure ◽  
Dilated Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Myocardial Function ◽  
Myocardial Dysfunction ◽  
Systolic Dysfunction ◽  
Interventricular Septum ◽  
Tissue Doppler ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Group Reduction

Abstract: Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is characterized by systolic myocardial dysfunction which is identified by low myocardial velocities obtained by pulsed tissue Doppler (PTD). However, increased preload is known to increase myocardial velocities which could overestimate myocardial function and turn dysfunction characterization into a challenge in dogs with DCM and congestive heart failure. To test the hypothesis that increased preload could hamper identification of low myocardial velocities in dogs with DCM and congestive heart failure the present study prospectively evaluated 32 English Cocker Spaniel dogs, being 16 with clinical DCM and 16 healthy for control purpose. The PTD analysis of regional velocities were performed in both longitudinal and radial myocardial displacements and systolic (Sm), early (Em) and late diastolic (Am) velocities were obtained in left ventricular free wall (LVFW) and interventricular septum (IVS). Peak radial subendocardial and subepicardial Sm velocities were lower in DCM group compared to control (0.065±0.018 vs. 0.102±0.020m/s and 0.059±0.014 vs. 0.094±0.025m/s respectively; p<0.001). Peak longitudinal Sm velocities were lower in basal and medial portions of LVFW (0.093±0.034 vs. 0.155±0.034m/s and 0.091±0.033 vs. 0.134±0.037m/s respectively; p<0.001) and IVS (0.063±0.021 vs. 0.136±0.039 and 0.066±0.026 vs. 0.104±0.032m/s respectively; p<0.001). Most of diastolic velocities were not significantly different between groups, although advanced myocardial disease and dysfunction are expected in DCM group. Reduction in systolic basal and medial longitudinal myocardial velocities and in radial myocardial velocities was the most significant PTD findings. Increased preload did not represent a problem to evaluate systolic dysfunction by PTD in English Cocker Spaniels with DCM, but influence of preload on assessment of diastolic velocities should be better elucidated.

Left Ventricular Myxoma Producing Cardiac Failure

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erdal Simsek ◽  
Serkan Durdu ◽  
Bledar Hodo ◽  
Levent Yazicioglu ◽  
Adnan Uysalel
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Interventricular Septum ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Cardiac Tumors ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Mobile Mass ◽  
Transaortic Approach

<p><b>Introduction:</b> Seventy-five percent of primary cardiac tumors are benign, and most are myxomas. Seventy-five percent of myxomas originate from the left atrium, and 2.5% arise from the left ventricle. Heart failure is a rare complication of myxoma.</p><p><b>Case:</b> A 54-year-old male patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was admitted to the pulmonology department with a diagnosis of pneumonia and congestive heart failure during hospitalization. An echocardiography evaluation revealed a mobile mass (3.3 cm X 1.2 cm) in the left ventricle. The measured ejection fraction was 22%. Transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography and magnetic resonance imaging examinations confirmed the presence of a myxoma in the left ventricle. The myxoma was a hanging mass with a stalk on the interventricular septum near the anterior mitral valve annulus. We visualized the gelatinous fragile mass on the septum; we then extracted the myxoma via a transaortic approach with the patient on cardiopulmonary bypass. The patient was discharged 10 days after surgery.</p><p><b>Discussion:</b> Myxoma is treated by early surgical resection because of the potential for serious complications. Left ventricular myxomas have been reported to lead to a silent heart failure. This case is important because of its location and the patient's resultant heart failure.</p>

scholarly journals Assosıation Between Left Ventricle Ejection Fraction and Vitamin D Levels in Congestive Heart Failure; a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Betul Ozdemir
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Congestive Heart Failure ◽  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular Ejection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ventricular Ejection Fraction ◽  
Vitamin D Levels

Background: Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a chronic disease that incidence is growing in the population. Vitamin D effects on directly myocardial cells. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between vitamin D levels with ejection fraction of left ventricle. Methods: The study population consisted of 101 patients admitted with heart failure. Age, gender, and demographic characteristics (diabetes mellitus, hypertension, smoking-nonsmoking, coronary artery disease) of all patients were recorded. In all patients for blood analyses vitamin D, creatine, crp and lipid profile were studied. And all patients were studied echocardiography. Results: CHF patients, in our population 35 (34.7%) patient is female and 66 (65.3%) patient is male. The mean age of our patients was calculated as 67.4±12.9 years. Our patients laboratory parameters mean were measured for vitamin D 24.3±17.3 ng/ml. Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF) mean was measured 31.8±9.5. In our study group LVEF and vitamin D was correlated with each other Conclusion: Vitamin D and LVEF had a positive correlation in heart failure patients. It may be occured with the protective effect of vitamin D or consequence of hipovitaminosis. J Pharm Care 2020; 8(2): 50-52.

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