scholarly journals Potentially harmful materials in the feces of wild ring-tailed coatis (Nasua nasua) and health implications

2022 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Delma Henriques Domiciano Rodrigues ◽  
Vanner Boere ◽  
Clarice Silva Cesario ◽  
Waldomiro de Paula Lopes ◽  
Alexandre Bartoli Monteiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Environmental Education ◽  
Intestinal Perforation ◽  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
Health Implications ◽  
Nasua Nasua ◽  
Perforation Peritonitis ◽  
First Time ◽  
Clinical Problems

ABSTRACT: In ecological parks, the proximity to tourist activities facilitates the exploration of garbage by coatis, with possible serious consequences for the animals health . We described the contents of wild coatis feces from three ecological parks. After analyzing 62 samples, fragments of plants and animals were identified in all feces. In the feces of two parks, seeds were present between 36.4% and 48.6% of the samples. Arthropod fragments were identified in 100% of the samples from two parks, but only 87.3% in a third park. Scales, bones or bird feathers were present in some samples. Undigested material of industrial origin was detected in 34.3% to 54.5% of the samples, such as fragments of paper, string, plastic, aluminum, latex and glass. Results are in line with other studies on the diet of wild coatis, but the intake of foreign bodies, potentially harmful to health, is described for the first time. Clinical problems resulting from ingesting waste can be dental fractures, mucosal erosions, intestinal perforation, peritonitis, impaction, diarrhea, weight loss, intoxication and infections. Coatis in the three parks are at risk of health, and actions are needed to avoid clinical and potentially fatal problems. Four actions are recommended to avoid ingesting foreign bodies: increasing the environmental education of visitors; improving the storage of waste generated in parks; periodically monitor the health of coatis, in order to make interventions when possible; make a permanent program to study the ecology of species in the three parks.

scholarly journals Influences of the selected additives on the weight loss and organoleptic properties of marinated mussels and squids

2012 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Metin Guldas ◽  
Canan Hecer
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Organoleptic Properties ◽  
Highest Weight ◽  
Konjac Flour ◽  
Weight Gains ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Mouth Feel ◽  
First Time

Effects of seven different solutions prepared from various additives (carrageenan, konjac flour, phosphate, yeast extract, xanthan gum and maltodextrin) were used to test for the first time in the marination of experimental seafood. The additives were added into the marination solutions and the samples were analyzed before and after marination. Statistically, the experimental solutions did not cause significant changes in pH, acidity and salt content of the samples (P < 0.05). The highest weight gains were obtained from the solution which contained 0.1% of konjac flour (E425 I) as 4.01, 5.21, 4.61 and 4.88 % in the mussels, big squids, diced squids and small squids, respectively. However, this solution was not preferred by the panellists because of its sticky texture. Inversely to red meat products, the solution containing phosphate caused weight loss during marination. The results indicate that the solution containing 0.2% carrageenan LM (low methoxyl) was the best solution in the marination process. Dipping into this solution caused weight gains of 4.69, 2.98, 4.04 and 2.78% in the big squids, the mussels, the small squids and the diced squids, respectively (P < 0.01). The organoleptic properties (mouth feel, flavour and softness) of mussels and squids were also improved by carrageenan LM addition.

scholarly journals Merits and perils of targeted neonatal echocardiography-based hemodynamic research: a position statement

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashraf Kharrat ◽  
Patrick J. McNamara ◽  
Dany Weisz ◽  
Amish Jain
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Heart Function ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Position Statement ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Units ◽  
Point Of Care Ultrasound ◽  
First Time ◽  
Neonatal Echocardiography ◽  
Clinical Problems ◽  
Time Assessment

In the neonatal setting, point-of-care ultrasound is increasingly being used to help clinicians with the evaluation of heart function. Practices in neonatology, particularly with regard to acute and chronic hemodynamic managements, were traditionally more driven on dogma and predefined thresholds and not always supported by demonstrable physiology. For the first time, targeted neonatal echocardiography (TNE) provided neonatal intensivists with a bedside tool that made real-time assessment of neonatal hemodynamics status feasible in even the tiniest of babies. This opened the door towards more targeted physiological driven practices, allowing us to test historical approaches to clinical problems in a more precise way. Despite the standardization of TNE training and the creation of a formalized curriculum, little attention has been paid to the establishment of an empirical framework to adjudicate scientific investigation. In this position statement, we reflect on the evolution of TNE in Canadian neonatal intensive care units, appraise its strengths and limitations, and suggest guiding principles for clinicians and researchers to consider as they take this field forward.

scholarly journals Aging clinical problems: a difficult balance between age and frailty

2016 ◽  
Vol 84 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Renzo Rozzini
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Elevated Risk ◽  
Geriatric Syndrome ◽  
Central Focus ◽  
Health Practitioners ◽  
And Function ◽  
Public Health Practitioners ◽  
Clinical Problems

<p>Frailty is a common geriatric syndrome that embodies an elevated risk of catastrophic declines in health and function among older adults. Frailty is a condition associated with ageing with associated weakness, slowing, decreased energy, lower activity, and, when severe, unintended weight loss. As a population ages, a central focus of geriatricians and public health practitioners is to understand, and then beneficially intervene on, the factors and processes that put elders at such risk, especially the increased vulnerability to stressors (e.g. extremes of heat and cold, infection, injury, or even changes in medication) that characterizes many older adults. The syndrome of geriatric frailty is hypothesized to reflect impairments in the regulation of multiple physiologic systems, embodying a lack of resilience to physiologic challenges and thus elevated risk for a range of deleterious endpoints. The empirical assessment of geriatric frailty in individuals seeks to capture this or related features.</p><p><strong>Riassunto</strong></p><p>Fragilità è la predisposizione alla rottura, al danno. L’etimologia della parola fragilità da "frango", rompere, rimanda alla nozione di qualche cosa che se sottoposto a una pressione, a un impatto, rischia di danneggiarsi facilmente. E’ dunque una nozione ampia e intuitiva che può avere ambiti di precisazione più diversi a seconda che se ne parli in fisica (dove esistono dei coefficienti esatti) piuttosto che nei campi della morale o del sentimento, dove la valutazione sarà sempre più "poetica" e affidata alla sensibilità individuale.</p>

scholarly journals The relationship between non-motor features and weight-loss in the premanifest stage of Huntington’s disease

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. e0253817
Author(s):  
Wasiq Khan ◽  
Sundus Alusi ◽  
Hissam Tawfik ◽  
Abir Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Huntington's Disease ◽  
Huntington’S Disease ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Machine Intelligence ◽  
Rule Mining ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Relevant Factors

Weight-loss is an integral part of Huntington’s disease (HD) that can start before the onset of motor symptoms. Investigating the underlying pathological processes may help in the understanding of this devastating disease as well as contribute to its management. However, the complex behavior and associations of multiple biological factors is impractical to be interpreted by the conventional statistics or human experts. For the first time, we combine a clinical dataset, expert knowledge and machine intelligence to model the multi-dimensional associations between the potentially relevant factors and weight-loss activity in HD, specifically at the premanifest stage. The HD dataset is standardized and transformed into required knowledge base with the help of clinical HD experts, which is then processed by the class rule mining and self-organising maps to identify the significant associations. Statistical results and experts’ report indicate a strong association between severe weight-loss in HD at the premanifest stage and measures of certain cognitive, psychiatric functional ability factors. These results suggest that the mechanism underlying weight-loss in HD is, at least partly related to dysfunction of certain areas of the brain, a finding that may have not been apparent otherwise. These associations will aid the understanding of the pathophysiology of the disease and its progression and may in turn help in HD treatment trials.

Intestinal Perforation by Foreign Bodies

2000 ◽  
Vol 166 (4) ◽  
pp. 307-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Piñero Madrona, Juan Angel
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Perforation ◽  
Foreign Bodies

Artificial nutrition support

2020 ◽  
pp. 1914-1926
Author(s):  
Jeremy Woodward
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Oral Intake ◽  
Nutrition Support ◽  
Artificial Nutrition ◽  
Nutrition Screening ◽  
Disease States

The prevalence and relevance of undernutrition in affluent societies is often unrecognized, but nutritional status significantly impacts outcomes in all disease states. Nutrition screening identifies patients at risk of undernutrition and should be carried out in hospitals and community: its components comprise past weight loss, current body mass index, and likely foreseeable nutritional challenges. A body mass index less than 18.5 kg/m2; weight loss of more than 10% over 6 months; or BMI of less than 20 kg/m2 with weight loss of more than 5% over 6 months, are all indicative of undernutrition. Nutrition support is indicated for malnourished patients or those at risk of undernutrition in view of inadequate oral intake or malabsorption. Timing of the intervention depends on the pre-existing nutritional status and the likelihood of restoring adequate intake.

scholarly journals Disaster risk reduction in Iraq

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa T.M. Al-Shamsi
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
International Society ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Multiple Hazards ◽  
The Government ◽  
First Time ◽  
Acute Crisis

Iraq is at risk of multiple hazards including both natural and man-made calamities. Little effort had been made before 2003 to address the disaster risk; even though many legislations enacted to provide a relief in the event of the acute crisis, they were mainly focused on the reactive response to the calamities without taking into consideration the prevention, preparedness and mitigation approach. The recent years have witnessed some positive attitude from the government and international society to develop strategies for disaster risk reduction in Iraq. Iraq for the first time has drafted a law that is distinctive for the disasters. The purpose of this article is to review the possibilities and challenges of disaster risk reduction in Iraq.

Dosage Effect of Prenatal Home Visiting on Pregnancy Outcomes in At-Risk, First-Time Mothers

2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neera K. Goyal ◽  
Eric S. Hall ◽  
Jareen K. Meinzen-Derr ◽  
Robert S. Kahn ◽  
Jodie A. Short ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Home Visiting ◽  
Dosage Effect ◽  
First Time Mothers ◽  
First Time

scholarly journals Dosage Effect of Prenatal Home Visiting on Pregnancy Outcomes in At-Risk, First-Time Mothers

PEDIATRICS ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 132 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S118-S125 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. K. Goyal ◽  
E. S. Hall ◽  
J. K. Meinzen-Derr ◽  
R. S. Kahn ◽  
J. A. Short ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Home Visiting ◽  
Dosage Effect ◽  
First Time Mothers ◽  
First Time

Huntington's disease: prediction and prevention

1988 ◽  
Vol 319 (1194) ◽  
pp. 285-298 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Huntington's Disease ◽  
Huntington’S Disease ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Predictive Test ◽  
Prediction And Prevention ◽  
Feasible Alternative ◽  
Dna Restriction ◽  
The Individual ◽  
First Time

The identification of a DNA restriction fragment length polymorphism closely linked to Huntington’s disease on the short arm of chromosome 4 has for the first time allowed presymptomatic prediction to be undertaken in first-degree relatives at risk. The late and variable onset of this dominantly inherited disorder makes such prediction a powerful and potentially valuable aid in genetic counselling, but in the absence of effective therapy there are serious ethical reservations concerning such a predictive test. The new developments have stimulated an active and informative debate among professionals and family members on whether and how predictive tests should be used. Guidelines have emerged which should be useful not only for Huntington’s disease, but for other serious late-onset neurogenetic disorders. Meanwhile, studies in Wales and elsewhere have not only confirmed the original linkage but have excluded multi-locus heterogeneity as a significant problem. Genetic prediction for the individual at risk remains critically dependent on a suitable family structure, present in only a minority of families in Wales. A more feasible alternative for most families is prenatal exclusion, which can allow risk prediction for a pregnancy without altering the situation for the person at risk. This approach has already been applied in Wales; the experience gained will be useful in full prediction, which is currently being introduced.

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