scholarly journals LITERACY WITHOUT BORDERS: THE FINE-GRAINED MINUTIAE OF SOCIAL INTERACTION THAT DO MATTER (ALSO IN PROMOTING HEALTH LITERACY)

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 330-352
Author(s):  
Ana Cristina Ostermann ◽  
Minéia Frezza ◽  
Roberto Perobelli
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Public Hospital ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Ultrasound Images ◽  
Fetal Ultrasound ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Risk Pregnancy

ABSTRACT This paper explores the fine-grained interactional minutiae involved in promoting health literacy in medical interactions. More specifically, it explores the multimodal interactional resources (verbal and nonverbal) that health professionals and lay participants mobilize in order to make sense of fetal ultrasound images. We adopt the ethnomethodological perspective of Multimodal Conversation Analysis (SACKS; SCHEGLOFF; JEFFERSON, 1974; GOODWIN, 1981; 2010; MONDADA, 2018) to investigate 10 audio and video interactions that were recorded during fetal ultrasound exams that took place at a moderate and high-risk pregnancy ward in a public hospital in Brazil. Our aim is to ‘make visible’ the multimodal ethnomethods that interactants employ in order to render ultrasound images intelligible ‘texts’. Among the various semiotic resources mobilized to achieve intersubjectivity in this complex setting, special focus is given to the healthcare professionals’ use of similes, and the fundamental importance of the temporality in which verbal and nonverbal resources are mobilized in the process of making images intelligible. In that sense, we hope to bring to this special thematic issue the methodological advantages that a Multimodal Conversation Analytic perspective can afford to the discussion about multiliteracies and, in practical terms, to the advancement of health literacy. In medical contexts, health literacy can (and perhaps should!) be a concern ‘at all points.’ There might be no ‘borders’ to what constitutes a health literacy source or resource. Our claims, thus, are the following: (i) ultrasound images do constitute materials to be ‘read’ and understood - also by lay participants; (ii) healthcare professionals can (and perhaps should) promote health literacy among patients by employing efforts to make images ‘readable’; and, finally, (iii) social interaction is one of the constitutive loci for the promotion of multiliteracy events.

scholarly journals 'He moved then?’: The management of worry-indicative information requests in moderate and high-risk fetal ultrasounds

Calidoscópio ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-192
Author(s):  
Minéia Frezza ◽  
Ana Cristina Ostermann
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Public Hospital ◽  
Fetal Ultrasound ◽  
Risk Pregnancy ◽  
Information Requests ◽  
Specific Phase

The present study analyzes video-recorded fetal ultrasound scans held in a moderate and high-risk pregnancy ward at a Brazilian public hospital. Informed by Multimodal Conversation Analysis (Mondada, 2018), it investigates the ethnomethods participants employ to manage worry-indicative concerns whose presentation is initiated by pregnant women in a medical exam that does not typically comprise a specific phase for that (Nishizaka, 2010, 2011b, 2014). The analysis shows that pregnant women orient to three environments to request worry-indicative information: (i) topic, (ii) image, (iii) phase transition, tailoring the design of their requests to each particular environment. The findings reveal that pregnant women are highly agentive in finding optimal opportunities to raise their concerns and to mobilize health professionals to respond to them. The physicians performing the scans respond to those requests while dealing with the contingencies inherent to the context of fetal ultrasounds and that have implications in attending to the requests. The results unveil the interplay between the pregnant women’s ethnomethods of raising concerns where ‘normality’ is constantly at stake and the health professionals’ ethnomethods in attending to those demands while orchestrating the distinct semiotic resources involved in the multiactivity setting of ultrasound scans.

scholarly journals Motion blur invariant for estimating motion parameters of medical ultrasound images

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Barmak Honarvar Shakibaei Asli ◽  
Yifan Zhao ◽  
John Ahmet Erkoyuncu
Keyword(s):  
Image Quality Assessment ◽  
Medical Image Analysis ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Delta Function ◽  
Motion Blur ◽  
Ultrasound Images ◽  
Medical Ultrasound ◽  
Fetal Ultrasound ◽  
Dirac Delta ◽  
Motion Parameters

AbstractHigh-quality medical ultrasound imaging is definitely concerning motion blur, while medical image analysis requires motionless and accurate data acquired by sonographers. The main idea of this paper is to establish some motion blur invariant in both frequency and moment domain to estimate the motion parameters of ultrasound images. We propose a discrete model of point spread function of motion blur convolution based on the Dirac delta function to simplify the analysis of motion invariant in frequency and moment domain. This model paves the way for estimating the motion angle and length in terms of the proposed invariant features. In this research, the performance of the proposed schemes is compared with other state-of-the-art existing methods of image deblurring. The experimental study performs using fetal phantom images and clinical fetal ultrasound images as well as breast scans. Moreover, to validate the accuracy of the proposed experimental framework, we apply two image quality assessment methods as no-reference and full-reference to show the robustness of the proposed algorithms compared to the well-known approaches.

Postnatal ultrasound follow-up in neonates with prenatal hydronephrosis

Diagnosis ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elham Kebriyaei ◽  
Ali Davoodi ◽  
Seyed Alinaghi Kazemi ◽  
Zahra Bazargani
Keyword(s):  
Ultrasound Imaging ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Left Kidney ◽  
Ultrasound Images ◽  
Fetal Ultrasound ◽  
Renal Anomalies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fetal Hydronephrosis ◽  
Kidney Involvement

Abstract Objectives Renal anomalies are the most common fetal abnormalities that occur during prenatal development, and are typically detected by observing hydronephrosis on fetal ultrasound imaging. Follow-up with post-natal ultrasound is important to detect clinically-important obstruction, because many of the pre-natal abnormalities resolve spontaneously. This study aimed to evaluate the postnatal hydronephrosis follow-up rate, and reasons for non follow-up in affected neonates. Methods In this cross-sectional study all neonates born during a period of one year at Ayatollah Mousavi Hospital with hydronephrosis on fetal ultrasound imaging were recruited. All mothers were also given face-to-face information about fetal hydronephrosis and its postnatal outcomes, and follow-up with at least a postnatal ultrasound was recommended from the fourth day of their neonates’ birth until the end of the fourth week. The neonates were subsequently observed for one month to determine the postnatal ultrasound follow-up rate and to reflect on diagnostic test results, reasons for failure to follow-up, as well as causes of hydronephrosis. Results In this study, 71 cases (1.2%) out of 5,952 neonates had fetal hydronephrosis on prenatal ultrasound images. The postnatal ultrasound imaging showed kidney involvement in 18 neonates (25%), particularly in the left kidney (61.1%). Seven neonates had no follow-up at one month (10%). No significant relationship was found between lack of follow-up and the neonates’ place of residence (p=0.42), maternal education (p=0.90), number of siblings (p=0.33), or gender (p=0.64). Conclusions Postnatal ultrasound follow-up rate in these neonates with a history of fetal hydronephrosis was incomplete even though parents had been provided with education and advice at their birth time. Accordingly, it is recommended to perform postnatal ultrasound once neonates are discharged from hospitals.

Walking through the city soundscape: an audio-visual analysis of sensory experience for people with psychosis

2022 ◽  
pp. 147035722110526
Author(s):  
Sara Merlino ◽  
Lorenza Mondada ◽  
Ola Söderström
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Visual Analysis ◽  
Sensory Experience ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Noisy Environments ◽  
Urban Context ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
The City ◽  
The Way

This article discusses how an aspect of urban environments – sound and noise – is experienced by people walking in the city; it particularly focuses on atypical populations such as people diagnosed with psychosis, who are reported to be particularly sensitive to noisy environments. Through an analysis of video-recordings of naturalistic activities in an urban context and of video-elicitations based on these recordings, the study details the way participants orient to sound and noise in naturalistic settings, and how sound and noise are reported and reexperienced during interviews. By bringing together urban context, psychosis and social interaction, this study shows that, thanks to video recordings and conversation analysis, it is possible to analyse in detail the multimodal organization of action (talk, gesture, gaze, walking bodies) and of the sensory experience(s) of aural factors, as well as the way this organization is affected by the ecology of the situation.

scholarly journals Loneliness and social interaction dynamics: An ambulatory assessment study in a student population

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timon Elmer ◽  
Gerine M. A. Lodder
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Ambulatory Assessment ◽  
Survival Models ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
The Mean

Loneliness is the feeling associated with a perceived lack of qualitative and quantitative aspects of social relationships. Loneliness is thus evidently intwined with individuals’ social behaviors in day-to-day life. Yet, little is known about the bidirectional pathways between loneliness and social interactions in daily life. In this study, we thus investigate (a) how loneliness predicts the frequency and duration of social interactions and (b) how frequency and duration of social interactions predict changes in loneliness. We examine these questions using fine-grained ambulatory-assessed sensor data of student’s social behavior covering 10 weeks (N_participants = 45, N_observations = 74,645). Before (T1) and after (T2) the ambulatory assessment phase, participants completed the UCLA loneliness scale, covering subscales on intimate, relational, and collective loneliness. Using multistate survival models, we show that T1 loneliness subscales are not significantly associated with differences in social interaction frequency and duration– only relational loneliness predicted shorter social interaction encounters. In predicting changes in loneliness subscales (T1-T2), only the mean duration of social interactions was negatively associated with collective loneliness. Thus, effects of loneliness on the structure of social interactions may be small or limited to specific forms of loneliness, implying that the quality of interactions may be more important.

scholarly journals Perspectives to management language games and social interaction in self-managing organizations

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
Tuomas Korhonen ◽  
Teija Ahopelto ◽  
Teemu Laine ◽  
Johanna Ruusuvuori ◽  
Sanni Tiitinen
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Institutional Characteristics ◽  
Language Games ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
General Management ◽  
Pragmatic Constructivism ◽  
Language And Social Interaction ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Interesting Area

This essay identifies a theoretically interesting area, i.e. language and social interaction in self-managing organizations. By building upon earlier work in Wittgensteinian language games, we show that despite some existing research on management language games (inside and outside pragmatic constructivism), not much is known about language games in self-managing organizations. The essay brings together ideas concerning language games in general management and pragmatic constructivism, making a novel contribution in the area. Furthermore, we present an ethnomethodological perspective on analysing language and social interaction: conversation analysis (CA). We suggest that CA could be utilized to analyse social interaction within self-managing organizations in more detail, showing how the specific institutional characteristics of this type of organization are talked into being in this particular context. Several further research questions are proposed for future studies in management language games and language and social interaction.

A conceptual approach to practitioners’ health information literacy

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-190
Author(s):  
Ann Hallyburton
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Information Literacy ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
Information Behavior ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Research Information ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Information Behaviors

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine healthcare professionals’ own health literacy through the lenses of information behavior and evidence-based practice. These practitioners’ health information literacy is critical to client care. Design/methodology/approach This conceptual paper applies general and professional-specific models of information behavior and issues of bias to methods in which healthcare practitioners seek, evaluate and use research information within professional practice. Findings Case examples from library, medical and the broader healthcare literature are used to explore ways in which care professionals’ information behaviors align with or deviate from information behavior models and the role of different types of bias in their information behavior. Adaption of evidence-based practice precepts, already familiar to healthcare professionals, is proposed as a method to improve practitioners’ health information literacy. Originality/value Explorations of “health literacy” have primarily focused on healthcare consumers’ interactions with basic health information and services. The health literacy (and health information literacy) of care practitioners has received much less attention. By gaining a greater understanding of how information behaviors intersect with healthcare practitioners’ own health literacy, the librarians and educators who serve future and current care professionals can offer more informed information literacy instruction, enabling practitioners to provide improved patient care.

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