scholarly journals Substrates and irrigation levels for growing desert rose in pots

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronan Carlos Colombo ◽  
Vanessa Favetta ◽  
Marcelo Augusto Aguiar e Silva ◽  
Ricardo Tadeu de Faria
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Ornamental Plant ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Coconut Fiber ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Irrigation Level ◽  
Potting Medium ◽  
Potting Media ◽  
Irrigation Levels

ABSTRACT In the past decades, desert rose has become a very popular ornamental plant, especially among collectors, due to its exotic and sculptural forms. However, it has been grown on a commercial scale only recently, and little is known about how to best manage it as a container-grown plant, or even which potting medium (substrate) to recommend. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the interactions between potting media and irrigation levels for growing desert rose as a potted ornamental plant. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse using a 6 x 2 factorial arrangement with six replications, six potting media and two irrigation levels. The mixes were characterized by measuring their physical properties, specifically the density and water retention capacity (WRC), as well as chemical properties, such as the pH and electrical conductivity (EC). After 210 days, plant growth and plant water consumption were evaluated and measured. A lower dry density for the vermiculite mixes was observed in comparison to that for the sand mixes. However, WRC ranged from 428 to 528 mL L-1 among the mixes, values considered close to ideal. In general, plant growth exhibited higher increases in mixes consisting of coconut fiber + sand or vermiculite, regardless of the irrigation level. Mixes of vermiculite + coconut fiber and sand + coconut fiber can be used to grow desert rose in pots, as long as irrigation is used to maintain the moisture content of the potting medium (mix) between 60-70% and 80-90% of the WRC.

scholarly journals Collect Seasons, Indolebutyric Acid and Substrates on Rooting of ‘Bengal’ Lychee Cuttings

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 338
Author(s):  
Ronan C. Colombo ◽  
Adriane M. de Assis ◽  
Vanessa Favetta ◽  
Lilian Y. Yamamoto ◽  
Sergio R. Roberto
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Commercial Production ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Coconut Fiber ◽  
Indolebutyric Acid ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Promising Alternative

Lychee (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) propagation by cuttings is a promising alternative in commercial production of seedlings, since it is an easy procedure, in addition to enabling the standardization in the field and the reduction in production costs. Therefore the objective of this work was to evaluate ‘Bengal’ lychee cuttings rooting, collected in spring and summer, using different concentrations of indolebutyric acid (IBA) and substrates. The experimental design was completely randomized, in a 3 × 3 factorial arrangement, with 5 replications and 10 cuttings per plot, and the following factors were adopted: IBA concentrations (0; 1,000 and 2,000 mg L-1) and types of substrates (carbonized rice husk, vermiculite medium granules and coconut fiber). At 140 days, the following variables were evaluated: cuttings survival; leaf maintenance; cuttings unrooted with calli; cuttings rooted; roots number per cutting; root length and root dry mass. In addition, the pH, electrical conductivity, density and water retention capacity of the substrates were evaluated. There was no difference in IBA concentrations applied in both evaluated periods. However, in the spring, the carbonized rice husk provided highest mean for the measured variables. On the other hand, in the summer, the rooting percentage presented a lower average in all substrates (< 1%), independent of the IBA concentrations. It was concluded that the ‘Bengal’ lychee propagation by cutting can be carried out in the spring, using carbonized rice husk as substrate, without IBA.

scholarly journals Low-suction water retention capacity of bentonite at high temperature

2020 ◽  
Vol 195 ◽  
pp. 04010
Author(s):  
María Victoria Villar ◽  
Carlos Gutiérrez-Álvarez ◽  
Pedro Luis Martín
Keyword(s):  
High Temperatures ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Compacted Bentonite ◽  
Buffer Material ◽  
Hydraulic Gradients ◽  
Radioactive Waste Repositories ◽  
Waste Repositories

The study of the hydro-mechanical properties of compacted bentonite is relevant in the context of deep geological radioactive waste repositories, where bentonite will be used as buffer material between the waste canisters and the host rock and will be subjected to high temperatures and hydraulic gradients. This research aimed at determining the water retention curves of bentonite compacted at a repository-significant dry density (1.6 g/cm3) and at high temperatures (up to 100°C). This had been previously undertaken, but below suctions around 10 MPa the accurateness of the curves obtained was very low because of the methods and instruments used to determine them. To overcome this uncertainty, thermocouple psychrometers, which work properly in the low-suction range (below ~6 MPa), were tested. However, calibration showed that their performance was compromised when temperature rose above 60°C. Nevertheless, the results obtained were consistent with previous ones and allowed to confirm the decrease of water retention capacity with temperature. Additionally, it was checked that this decrease was more important for the low suctions.

scholarly journals ACLIMATIZAÇÃO DE MUDAS MICROPROPAGADAS DE Anthurium maricense COM DIFERENTES LÂMINAS DE IRRIGAÇÃO

Irriga ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-37
Author(s):  
Arlene Santisteban Campos ◽  
Guilherme Vieira do Bomfim ◽  
Ana Cristina Portugal Pinto de Carvalho ◽  
Benito Moreira de Azevedo ◽  
Ana Cecília Ribeiro de Castro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Retention ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Leaf Temperature ◽  
Ornamental Plant ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Height Increment ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Irrigation Depth ◽  
Number Of Leaves

ACLIMATIZAÇÃO DE MUDAS MICROPROPAGADAS DE Anthurium maricense COM DIFERENTES LÂMINAS DE IRRIGAÇÃO     ARLENE SANTISTEBAN CAMPOS1; GUILHERME VIEIRA DO BOMFIM2; ANA CRISTINA PORTUGAL PINTO DE CARVALHO3; BENITO MOREIRA DE AZEVEDO2; ANA CECÍLIA RIBEIRO DE CASTRO3 E DENISE VIEIRA VASCONCELOS4   1Departamento de ciência do solo, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Av. Mister Hull, 2977, Campus do Pici, CEP: 60356-001, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil, [email protected]. 2Departamento de engenharia agrícola, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Av. Mister Hull, 2977, Campus do Pici, CEP: 60356-001, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil, [email protected], [email protected]. 3Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical, Rua Pernambuco, 2270, Pici, CEP 60511-110, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil, [email protected], [email protected]. 4Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Pará, Estrada de Ferro de Bragança, s/nº, Taíra, CEP: 68600-000, Bragança, Pará, Brasil, [email protected].     1 RESUMO   O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência de diferentes lâminas de irrigação na aclimatização de mudas micropropagadas de Anthurium maricense. O delineamento experimental foi o completamente ao acaso, composto por cinco tratamentos e quatro repetições de quatro mudas cada. Os tratamentos foram as lâminas de irrigação estimadas com cinco percentuais da capacidade de retenção de água (CRA) do substrato: 50; 75; 100; 125; e 150% da CRA. As mudas foram cultivadas individualmente em vasos de 415 mL contendo o substrato comercial HS Flores®. Durante a aclimatização, as mudas foram irrigadas duas vezes ao dia e receberam adubações foliares em dias alternados. Foram analisadas as variáveis: incremento na altura da muda (IAM); incremento no número de folhas por muda (INF); incremento na área da maior folha (IAMF); ocupação de vaso (OV); taxa de fotossíntese líquida (A); carbono interno (Ci); e temperatura (Ti) e umidade (Ui) foliar. Com base nos resultados, supõe-se que as mudas de A. maricense possam apresentar evidência de resistência ao déficit hídrico. A lâmina de irrigação estimada com 150% da CRA proporciona o maior valor de IAMF. Lâminas de irrigação intermediárias, entre 100 e 125% da CRA, proporcionam os maiores valores de IAM, INF e OV.   Palavras-chave: antúrio, plantas ornamentais, manejo da irrigação.     CAMPOS, A. S.; BOMFIM, G. V. do; CARVALHO, A. C. P. P. de; AZEVEDO, B. M. de; CASTRO, A. C. R. de; VASCONCELOS, D. V. ACLIMATIZATION OF MICROPROPAGATE PLANTLETS OF Anthurium maricense WITH DIFFERENT IRRIGATION DEPHTS     2 ABSTRACT   The aim of this study was to evaluate the development of micropropagated plantlets of Anthurium maricense during the acclimatization phase in screen environment, under different irrigation depths based on percentages of water retention capacity (WRC), on the weather conditions in the greenhouse environment. The experimental design was completely randomized, composed of five irrigation depths, with four replicates and four plantlets per plot. The treatments consisted of irrigation depths estimated with five levels of water retention capacity (WRC) of the substrate: 50; 75; 100; 125; and 150% of WRC. The plantlets were cultivated in 415 mL pots with HS Flowers® substrate. During the acclimatization, all plantlets were irrigated twice a day and fertilized, on alternate days, with leaf fertilization. The variables analyzed were: plant height increment (PHI); number of leaves increment (NLI); largest leaf area increment (LLAI); pot occupation (PO); net photosynthetic rate (A); internal carbon (Ci); leaf temperature (Ti) and leaf moisture (Ui). Based on the results obtained, it is assumed that A. maricense micropropagated plantlets may present evidence of resistance to water deficit. The estimated irrigation depth of 150% of WRC provides the highest value of LLAV. Intermediate irrigation depth, between 100 and 125% of the WRC, provide the highest values of PHV, NLV and PO.   Keywords: anthurium, ornamental plant, irrigation management.

Test Study on Effects of Temperature, Sand Mix Ratios and Dry Density on Soil Water Characteristic Curves of Bentonite-Sand Mixtures

2014 ◽  
Vol 580-583 ◽  
pp. 359-363
Author(s):  
Xiang Wei Fang ◽  
Chun Ni Shen ◽  
Chun Hai Li ◽  
Long Wang
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Sand Mixture ◽  
Soil Water Characteristic Curve ◽  
Test Study ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
High Suction

A series of tests on the soil water characteristic curve through moisture balance method were conducted to study the effects of temperature, sand mix ratios and dry density on the soil water characteristic curve of bentonite-sand mixture. The test results show that with the increase of temperature, the water retention capacity of the mixture significantly decreased. Within the test control suction range, sand mix ratios at the low suction had obvious effects on the soil water characteristic curve and at high suction the effects gradually decreased. Dry density had no effects on the soil water characteristic curve of bentonite-sand mixture. In accordance with the test data, an experience model of soil water characteristic curve of bentonite-sand mixtures considering temperature and sand mix ratios is established.

scholarly journals Floriferous herbaceous and substrates for use on extensive green roofs

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Luan Ferreira dos Santos ◽  
Regina Maria Monteiro de Castilho
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Green Roofs ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Coconut Fiber ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Expanded Vermiculite ◽  
Tropical Conditions ◽  
Extensive Green Roofs

In general, extensive green roofs are defined as all cover covered with herbaceous vegetation and surface substratum, however, in Brazil there are few information regarding the materials for installation and maintenance of these systems, being essential the search for better species and substrates adapted to the tropical conditions. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the performance of floriferous herbaceous and substrates for use in extensive green roofs. The experiment was carried out in the field and in full sunlight, in black plastic containers (8.46 L and 15.5 cm high), elevated 90 cm from the ground, in a 3x2 factorial scheme. Being 3 herbaceous floriferous species (Torenia var. Kauai, Periwinkle var. Pacifica XP and Petunia var. Bacopa) and 2 substrates [S1-Charcoal + pine bark + peat + expanded vermiculite (1v:1v:1v:1v) and S2- Coconut fiber + carbonized rice husk + peat + expanded vermiculite (1v:1v:1v:1v)], with 3 replicates per treatment. It was evaluated in the substrates: pH, electrical conductivity, macro and microporosity, total porosity, density and water retention capacity. For the development of the species, 60 days after the experiment installation, were evaluated, chlorophyll content of leaves, number of flowers and vegetation surface temperature. It was observed that the substrate S2 presented the best results in the physico-chemical analyzes, and this possibly came to reflect on the performance of the species, and that Torenia when cultivated in this substrate had the highest chlorophyll content (42.67 SPAD). The number of flowers was statistically the same for Torenia and Periwinkle in both substrates, while the three floriferous herbaceous plants showed a decrease in surface temperature. Thus, it is recommended for use on extensive green roofs the substrate composed of coconut fiber + carbonized rice husk + peat + expanded vermiculite (1v:1v:1v:1v), and the floriferous herbaceous Torenia var. Kauai. 

scholarly journals Kalanchoe crop development under different levels of irrigation

Revista CERES ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 639-645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fátima Cibele Soares ◽  
Ana Rita Costenaro Parizi ◽  
Francieli Ribeiro Corrêa ◽  
Francielle Altíssimo Bortolás ◽  
Jumar Luis Russi
Keyword(s):  
Water Retention ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Canopy Area ◽  
Crop Development ◽  
Crop Cycle ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Irrigation Levels

ABSTRACT Despite its importance in the floriculture sector, irrigation management of kalanchoe is characterized by empiricism, being necessary further studies on the use of water by this crop. Thus, the objective of this study is to analyze the several effects of irrigation levels on the growth of kalanchoe crop conducted in greenhouse in the municipality of Alegrete, state of Rio Grande do Sul. The experiment was conducted in a 7 x 15 m protected environment. The experimental design was completely randomized, with four treatments (irrigation levels corresponding to 40, 60, 80 and 100% of the pot water retention capacity - PC) and four repetitions, totaling sixteen plots. The crop cycle was 224 days after transplanting and the applied average depths were: 451.82; 367.38; 282.94; 198.51 mm for treatments: 100; 80; 60 and 40% of PC, respectively. Canopy area and number of leaves per plant were evaluated over the crop cycle. In the end of the cycle, the canopy diameter, number of inflorescences per plant and the number of flowers per plant were evaluated. No significant differences were found only to the canopy area, by the F test. Irrigation water depths between 40 and 70% of the pot capacity were more appropriate for the crop growth in the study region. The cultivar presented the best development at irrigation levels below the maximum vessel water retention capacity, that is, it is resistant to drought.

scholarly journals Substrate Amendment Effects on Potted Plant Production and Dry Weight Partition of Lantana camara

HortScience ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 864-869 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panayiotis A. Nektarios ◽  
Serafim Kastritsis ◽  
Nikolaos Ntoulas ◽  
Panayiota Tsiotsiopoulou
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Lantana Camara ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Biometric Measurements ◽  
Amended Soil

Ten substrates were evaluated for their capacity to promote the growth of potted Lantana camara. The substrates consisted of different volumetric proportions of sandy loam soil (S), peat (P), perlite (Per), and urea formaldehyde resin foam (UFRF referred to as F), the latter in an effort to substitute peat use in horticulture. The substrates studied were: S, S60:P40, S40:P60, S60:F40, S40:F60, P60:F40, P40:F60, S40:P30:Per30, S40:F30:Per30, and P50:Per50. Measurements included: 1) substrate physical and chemical characteristics such as water characteristic curves, bulk density, total porosity, easily available water, and pH; 2) biometric measurements such as shoot length and number and number of flowers; and 3) determination of main and lateral stems, leaf, flower, and root dry weights. Results showed that substrates P60:F40 and P40:F60 retained excessive water in all tensions, whereas substrate P50:Per50 exhibited increased water retention at saturation that was quickly reduced after 10 cm of tension. The non-amended soil (S) had the least water retention capacity and proved to be a slow-draining substrate. Supplementation either with peat or peat and perlite (S60:P40, S40:P60, and S40:P30:Per30) significantly increased water retention in the soil-based substrates. Soil-based substrates supplemented with UFRF retained less water compared with peat-amended soil-based substrates. Concerning plant growth, Lantana plants growing in the UFRF-amended substrates were unable to recover from frost injury and their evaluation was interrupted after winter as a result of total plant loss. The injury was attributed to the reduction of plant growth in UFRF-supplemented substrates before the occurrence of frost stress events. Soil-based substrates (S, S60:P40, S40:P60, and S40:P30:Per30) provided greater shoot growth, which was almost twofold compared with substrate P50:Per50. Substrate S40:P30:Per30 produced the most lateral shoots and flowers over the whole study period, whereas S40:P60 produced the most flowers during the summer. Dry weights of both stem and lateral stems followed a similar pattern with the biometric measurements. However the non-amended soil (S) produced the highest leaf and root dry weights followed by substrates S60:P40 and S40:P60. It was concluded that both substrates S40:P60 and S40:P30:Per30 can successfully be used for Lantana nursery production as a result of their decreased bulk density, increased water retention capacity, adequate porosity, and promotion of shoot growth and flowering. Despite its high bulk density, substrate S could be used in the production of Lantana plants for landscape use as a result of the increased root production.

Effect of Cross-Linker Concentration on the Synthesis and Swelling Behaviour of Superabsorbent Polymers (SAP) Using Graft Polymerization Techniques

2016 ◽  
Vol 719 ◽  
pp. 62-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norlirabiatuladawiyah Che Ani ◽  
Saidatul Shima Jamari ◽  
Wan Siti Nadiah Wan Yaacob
Keyword(s):  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Graft Polymerization ◽  
Soil Condition ◽  
Ammonium Persulfate ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Water Absorbency ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Superabsorbent Polymers ◽  
Cross Linker

The graft polymerization of acrylic acid by varying the amount of cross-linker in ranging of 0.001 g to 0.05 g was investigated. The effect of cross-linker in synthesized superabsorbent polymers (SAP) was identified in terms of water absorbency responses by keeping the values of monomer and initiator. The implementation of SAP in agriculture could develop plant growth, enhancing water retention capacity in soils which can reducing dewatering system and improved the efficiency of soil condition so higher yield of product can be obtained particularly in arid regions. The SAPs were synthesized by graft polymerization using acrylic acid (AA) as monomer, N,N’-methylene bisacrylamide (MBA) as cross-linker and ammonium persulfate (APS) as initiator. The optimum water absorbency of synthesize SAP was defined using tea-bag method in deionize water. The structures of synthesize SAP was characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and morphologies of synthesize SAP was examined by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) testing. From the result, it was obvious showed that water absorbency will decreased as the increased of concentration of cross-linker which is MBA in synthesize SAP. The best value content of MBA was 0.01 g which achieved the highest water absorbency response which is 170 g water/g sample. In conclusion, SAP has hydrophilic structure of which renders them capable for holding a large amount of water which can help to retain nutrients and absorb water in soil with various applications for plant growth and soil condition which will be useful especially in agriculture field.

Evaluation of Resistant Starch Quality from Different Types of Banana in Batter Coating Formulation to Reduce Oil Absorption in Fried Food

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-120
Author(s):  
Karissha Fritzi Della ◽  
Mutiara Pratiwi ◽  
Purwa Tri Cahyana ◽  
Maria DPT Gunawan-Puteri
Keyword(s):  
Resistant Starch ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Oil Absorption ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Fried Food ◽  
Musa Paradisiaca ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Coating Formulation

Fried food is convenient for many people due to its pleasant texture and taste. On the other hand, it comes with the risk of high oil absorption which might lead to certain health problems. Resistant starch (RS) has been known to have a functionality of reducing oil absorption. Three different types of banana: Kepok (Musa paradisiaca formatypica), Raja Bulu (Musa paradisiaca L.) and Ambon (Musa paradisiaca L. var sapientum) were evaluated on its performance when utilized as source of resistant starch especially on their application in reducing oil absorption in fried food. Tempeh was used as the food model. Banana starch (RS2) was isolated through water alkaline extraction process, continued with modification process through three repeated cycles of autoclaving-cooling process to obtain the RS3. RS3 was added into the batter coating formulation at three substitution ratios (10%, 30% and 50%) and then used to coat tempeh before frying. Evaluation of resistant starch in batter and battered productwas conducted on the following parameters: fat content, water retention capacity (WRC), coating pick up and sensory analysis. The result of this study revealed that Raja Bulu showed the most effective result on reducing oil absorption in the food tested. In the three bananas used, the ratio of 50% performed best in coating pick up (highest), WRC (highest) and fat content(lowest) parameters, but not significantly different with the 30% ratio. In terms of sensory acceptance, using Raja Bulu as the selected banana type, 30% of substitution ratio was significantly more preferable by the panelists in crispness, oiliness, and overall acceptance attributes compared to control and other substitution ratios.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document