scholarly journals Social segregation and lethal police violence in the city of São Paulo, Brazil (2014-2015)

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 4275-4286
Author(s):  
Marcelo Ryngelblum ◽  
Maria Fernanda Tourinho Peres
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Place Of Residence ◽  
Police Violence ◽  
Social Segregation ◽  
The City ◽  
Fatal Injuries

Abstract We aimed to investigate how lethal police violence (LPV) in the City of São Paulo (CSP), Brazil, is associated with socioeconomic development when we consider the victims’ place of residence and the locations of the fatal injuries. The spatial distribution of lethal police violence rate (LPVR) and its association with the human development index (HDI) was investigated using the Moran’s I (Global and Bivariate Local). Between 2014 and 2015 we found 403 police victims in the Health database and 794 victims in the Security Department. We found a non-random spatial distribution of the LPV considering the victim’s place of residence (I=+0.12; p<0.001) and the locations where the fatal injuries were inflicted (I=+0.07; p<0.001). We found a negative association between LPVR and the HDI of the place of residence (I=-0.10; p<0.001) and a positive association between LPVR and the HDI of the locations of the fatal injuries (I=+0.02; p<0.001). The results point to different dynamics of LPV in CSP. High mortality clusters are found in areas with lower HDI, when considering the victim’s address, and in areas with higher HDI, when considering the address of the violent events. LPV impacts young blacks, poorly educated residents of outskirts informing us about patterns of social segregation.

scholarly journals Sounds of youth in the metropolis: the different routes of the Hip Hop movement in the city of São Paulo.

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-94
Author(s):  
José Carlos Gomes da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Hip Hop ◽  
Public Life ◽  
Intimate Relationship ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Police Violence ◽  
Cultural Productions ◽  
War Zones ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The City

In this article I examine different moments of the hip hop movement in the city of São Paulo. I analyze the intimate relationship of this phenomenon with urban segregation. I first discuss the rise of break dancing in the downtown region in the mid-1980s. I find that the themes and sounds present in the music of this period express aspects of the centrality of public life in the metropolis. In the following decades, there was a shift of hip hop towards peripheral neighborhoods. In this context, I analyze the relationships between rap and a new modality of urban segregation, marked by a withdrawal of the elites into vibrant v.8 n.1 josé carlos gomes da silva fortified enclaves and the transformation of peripheral neighborhoods into “war zones,” controlled by local micro-powers and police violence. At this time, rappers assumed a position as chroniclers of a violent, segregated and silenced urban reality. I also map new cultural productions with a focus on saraus, which are spaces that bring together rap musicians, as well as poets and marginal writers. The frontiers between these groups are increasingly tenuous, many artists have dual affiliation. What unifies them is their reaction to and protest against violence and urban segregation.

scholarly journals Spatial analysis of urban violence based on emergency room data

2008 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 648-655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliam Pereira de Lima ◽  
Julio da Motta Singer ◽  
Paulo Hilário do Nascimento Saldiva
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Wavelet Analysis ◽  
Emergency Room ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Urban Violence ◽  
Expected Number ◽  
Hospital Records ◽  
Spatial Intensity ◽  
The City

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the spatial intensity of urban violence events using wavelet-based methods and emergency room data. METHODS: Information on victims attended at the emergency room of a public hospital in the city of São Paulo, Southeastern Brazil, from January 1, 2002 to January 11, 2003 were obtained from hospital records. The spatial distribution of 3,540 events was recorded and a uniform random procedure was used to allocate records with incomplete addresses. Point processes and wavelet analysis technique were used to estimate the spatial intensity, defined as the expected number of events by unit area. RESULTS: Of all georeferenced points, 59% were accidents and 40% were assaults. There is a non-homogeneous spatial distribution of the events with high concentration in two districts and three large avenues in the southern area of the city of São Paulo. CONCLUSIONS: Hospital records combined with methodological tools to estimate intensity of events are useful to study urban violence. The wavelet analysis is useful in the computation of the expected number of events and their respective confidence bands for any sub-region and, consequently, in the specification of risk estimates that could be used in decision-making processes for public policies.

Determinants Of Spatial Distribution Of Street People In The City Of São Paulo

2003 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 592-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sílvia Maria Schor ◽  
Rinaldo Artes ◽  
Valéria Cusinato Bomfim
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Street People ◽  
The City

scholarly journals Spatial distribution of dengue in the city of Cruzeiro, São Paulo State, Brazil: use of geoprocessing tools

2012 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 261-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Marzzano de Carvalho ◽  
Luiz Fernando Costa Nascimento
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Kernel Estimation ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Thematic Maps ◽  
P Values ◽  
Census Tracts ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
The North ◽  
The City

The aim of this article is to identify patterns in spatial distribution of cases of dengue fever that occurred in the municipality of Cruzeiro, State of São Paulo, in 2006. This is an ecological and exploratory study using the tools of spatial analysis in the preparation of thematic maps with data from Sinan-Net. An analysis was made by area, taking as unit the IBGE census, the analysis included four months in 2006 which show the occurrence of the disease in the city. The thematic maps were constructed by TerraView 3.3.1 software, the same software provided the values of the indicators of Global Moran (I M) every month and the Kernel estimation. In the year 2006, 691 cases of dengue were georeferenced (with a rate of 864.2 cases/100,000 inhabitants); the indicators of Moran and p-values obtained were I M = 0.080 (March) p = 0.11; I M = 0.285 (April) p = 0.01; I M = 0.201 (May) p = 0.01 and I M = 0.002 (June) p = 0.57. The first cases were identified in the Northeast and Central areas of Cruzeiro and the recent cases, in the North, Northeast and Central. It was possible to identify census tracts where the epidemic began and how it occurred temporally and spatially in the city.

scholarly journals URBAN SPRAWL AND CONSEQUENCES OF POORLY MANAGED EXPANSION: THE CASE OF SÃO PAULO IN BRAZIL

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
João Almeida Santos ◽  
Maria Cristina Sanches Amorim ◽  
Arnoldo Jose de Hoyos Guevara
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Urban Sprawl ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Land Value ◽  
Big City ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The City

Urban sprawl is a natural process of the cities‘ growth as consequence population growth. The population need a food, water and housing for survival and for its species to continue populating the land. The literature existing about urban sprawl considers a population growth causes impacts on people’s quality of life because they consume more food, water, electricity, transport for their locomotion, and other products and services. The fact is the urban sprawl and population growth are directly linked and can not be separated in any study on the subject. Sprawl is the process in which the spread of development across the landscape far outpaces population growth. This is article show the process Urban sprawl and consequences of poorly managed expansion the city São Paulo – Brazil. The phenomenon of sprawl there are several common characteristics pervading time in history from development the city of São Paulo. The phenomenon of sprawl the city of São Paulo is a common the any big city, the result of a complex set of interrelated socioeconomic and cultural forces. For example, land value is often considered the main driver of socioeconomic development patterns. However, at any time in the current or ancient history, land value is lower on the periphery and very expensive in urban centers. Other factors contribute to the occupation of land on the outskirts of large cities: existence of water and the quality of land for agriculture, the cost of keeping the dwelling lower when compared to the cost of the city center, the size of the land is larger at the beginning of the occupation.

Seasonal Variation of Suicide in the City of São Paulo, Brazil, 1996–2010

Crisis ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Hideki Bando ◽  
Fernando Madalena Volpe
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Seasonal Patterns ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Health Statistics ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
June July ◽  
The City ◽  
Over Time

Background: In light of the few reports from intertropical latitudes and their conflicting results, we aimed to replicate and update the investigation of seasonal patterns of suicide occurrences in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. Methods: Data relating to male and female suicides were extracted from the Mortality Information Enhancement Program (PRO-AIM), the official health statistics of the municipality of São Paulo. Seasonality was assessed by studying distribution of suicides over time using cosinor analyses. Results: There were 6,916 registered suicides (76.7% men), with an average of 39.0 ± 7.0 observed suicides per month. For the total sample and for both sexes, cosinor analysis estimated a significant seasonal pattern. For the total sample and for males suicide peaked in November (late spring) with a trough in May–June (late autumn). For females, the estimated peak occurred in January, and the trough in June–July. Conclusions: A seasonal pattern of suicides was found for both males and females, peaking in spring/summer and dipping in fall/winter. The scarcity of reports from intertropical latitudes warrants promoting more studies in this area.

scholarly journals AEROSOLS OBSERVATIONS BY AN ELASTIC LIDAR SYSTEM OVER THE CITY OF SÃO PAULO, BRAZIL

2001 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 407-408
Author(s):  
E. LANDULFO ◽  
A. PAPAYANNIS ◽  
A. ZANARDI DE FREITAS ◽  
M.P.P.. M. JORGE ◽  
N.D. VIEIRA JÚNIOR
Keyword(s):  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Lidar System ◽  
The City

scholarly journals The Impact of COVID-19 on Urban Agriculture in São Paulo, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6185
Author(s):  
André Ruoppolo Biazoti ◽  
Angélica Campos Nakamura ◽  
Gustavo Nagib ◽  
Vitória Oliveira Pereira de Souza Leão ◽  
Giulia Giacchè ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Agriculture ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Community Gardens ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Food Chains ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Sales Channels ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

During the initial months of the COVID-19 pandemic, farmers worldwide were greatly affected by disruptions in the food chain. In 2020, São Paulo city experienced most of the effects of the pandemic in Brazil, with 15,587 deaths through December 2020. Here, we describe the impacts of COVID-19 on urban agriculture (UA) in São Paulo from April to August 2020. We analyzed two governmental surveys of 2100 farmers from São Paulo state and 148 from São Paulo city and two qualitative surveys of volunteers from ten community gardens and seven urban farmers. Our data showed that 50% of the farmers were impacted by the pandemic with drops in sales, especially those that depended on intermediaries. Some farmers in the city adapted to novel sales channels, but 22% claimed that obtaining inputs became difficult. No municipal support was provided to UA in São Paulo, and pre-existing issues were exacerbated. Work on community gardens decreased, but no garden permanently closed. Post COVID-19, UA will have the challenge of maintaining local food chains established during the pandemic. Due to the increase in the price of inputs and the lack of technical assistance, governmental efforts should be implemented to support UA.

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