scholarly journals Diversity of Cerambycidae (Insecta: Coleoptera) in the Cerrado of Central Brazil using a new type of bait

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliane Evangelista ◽  
Marcus Vinicius Celani Rocha ◽  
Marcela Laura Monné ◽  
Miguel Angel Monné ◽  
Marina Regina Frizzas
Keyword(s):  
Ground Level ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Sugarcane Juice ◽  
Central Brazil ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Uniformity Test ◽  
New Type ◽  
Distrito Federal ◽  
Cerambycid Beetles ◽  
Number Of Individuals

Abstract: The Cerambycidae family (Insecta: Coleoptera) has approximately 38 thousand species. In Brazil, more than 4,300 species and 1,050 genera are registered, and despite the ecological and agricultural importance of this family, no study has yet been done in the Cerrado of the Distrito Federal (Brazil). The objective of this study was to evaluate the richness and abundance of Cerambycidae in the Cerrado area using two types of fruits (banana and pineapple), fermented with sugarcane juice, as bait and to verify whether the richness is influenced by climate variables. The work was carried out in an area of the cerrado sensu stricto at Água Limpa Farm in the Distrito Federal. Beetles were collected weekly using 40 bait traps with two types of fruits that remained in the field for 12 uninterrupted months (November 2013 to October 2014). The traps were installed 1.50 m above the ground level, distributed in four 80 m transects, and spaced 20 m apart. A total of 1,599 individuals, belonging to 13 genera and different 19 species, were collected. The main species were as follows: Oxymerus basalis (Dalman, 1823) representing 78.3%, Retrachydes thoracicus thoracicus (Olivier, 1790) representing 9.9%, and Chydarteres bicolor (Fabricius, 1787) representing 4.5% of the total specimens collected. There was a significant difference in richness and abundance of Cerambycidae among the baits evaluated, with the pineapple bait presenting the highest values. The greatest number of individuals and species occurred soon after the first rains, especially in November. Temporal variation was confirmed through Rayleigh’s uniformity test, following the seasonality of the Cerrado, with the greatest number of individuals and species found in the rainy season. Temperature and humidity influenced the richness of cerambycid beetles. This is the first work carried out with pineapple fermented with sugarcane juice as bait to capture Cerambycidae, and this type of bait proved to be efficient for the collection of insects, comparable in efficiency to the synthetic baits that are normally used. All species collected were new distribution records for the Distrito Federal (Brazil).

scholarly journals Diet of two sympatric insectivores bats (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) in the Cerrado of Central Brazil

2008 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludmilla M. S. Aguiar ◽  
Yasmine Antonini
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Food Habits ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Gallery Forest ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
Fecal Analysis ◽  
Agricultural Ecosystems ◽  
Central Brazil ◽  
Gallery Forests ◽  
Distrito Federal

We examined food habits of Vespertilionidae bats Myotis nigricans (Schinz, 1821) and Eptesicus furinalis (d'Orbigny, 1847) by fecal analysis in cerrado sensu stricto and gallery forests, within APA - Gama-Cabeça-de-Veado, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil. Out of 20 fecal samples collected, seven were of Eptesicus furinalis and 13 of Myotis nigricans. The diet of E. furinalis included six orders of insects: Coleoptera (5/7 by items presence), Lepidoptera and Hymenoptera (3/7), Diptera, Hemiptera and Homoptera (1/7). The diet of M. nigricans included all the main orders consumed by E. furinalis (6/13, 4/13, 4/13, 3/13, 1/13, and 4/13 respectively) and one other order: Orthoptera (1/13). Homoptera, Diptera and Orthoptera were collected only in bats captured in gallery forest. There is 80% of overlap in the diet of these two species. Predation on species of Scarabeidae, Hesperiidae, Sphingidae and Saturniidae families confirms bats potential as biological control agents of pests in agricultural ecosystems.

Suitability of forms of preparing seeds of Dalbergia miscolobium Benth for exposure to the tetrazolium test / Adequação das formas de preparação de sementes de Dalbergia miscolobium Benth para exposição ao teste de tetrazolium

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Martins de Mesquita Matos ◽  
Rosana De Carvalho Cristo Martins ◽  
Valéria Regina Bellotto ◽  
Lilian Gomes da Silva Rocha ◽  
Eloiza Aparecida Barbosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endangered Species ◽  
Filter Paper ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Complete Removal ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
The Other ◽  
Distrito Federal ◽  
Viable Seeds ◽  
Range Test ◽  
Tetrazolium Test

Dalbergia miscolobium or Jacarandá do Cerrado is a species of legume in the Fabaceae family. It occurs in the sensu stricto Cerrado and in the dystrophic cerradão. It shows potential for landscaping and for recovering damaged areas. It is an endangered species and therefore is protected by the law that prevents cut in areas of the Federal District (Decree No. 14.783/93). The purpose of this study was to determine the best procedure to prepare seeds of Dalbergia miscolobium to assess viability in the tetrazolium test. We carried out the following treatments: i) hydration on filter paper at 25 ° C, ii) hydration on filter paper at 25 ° C followed by a cut in the tegument and iii) hydration on filter paper at 25 ° C followed bya complete removal of the tegument. The results were analyzed using analysis of variance and the Tukey range test. The analyzes showed that the best procedure to prepare seeds of Dalbergia miscolobium is the treatment in which there is a hydration followed by the complete removal of the integument. Where 78% of the seeds showed uniform staining, indicating that the seeds analyzed are of good quality. The other treatments, hydration and hydration followed by cutting, showed respectively 35% and 41% of viable seeds. RESUMO A Dalbergia miscolobium ou Jacarandá do Cerrado é uma espécie de leguminosa da família Fabaceae. Ocorre no sentido stricto Cerrado e no cerradão distrófico. Possui potencial para paisagismo e para recuperar áreas degradadas. É uma espécie ameaçada de extinção e, portanto, está protegida pela lei que previne o corte em áreas do Distrito Federal (Decreto 14.783 / 93). O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar o melhor procedimento de prepararação das sementes de Dalbergia miscolobium para serem submetidas à análise de viabilidade pelo teste de tetrazólio. Foram realizados os seguintes tratamentos: i) hidratação em papel de filtro a 25 ° C, ii) hidratação em papel de filtro a 25 ° C seguida de um corte no tegumento e iii) hidratação em papel de filtro a 25 ° C seguido de remoção completa do tegumento. Os resultados foram analisados utilizando-se a análise de variância e o teste de médias de Tukey. As análises mostraram que o melhor procedimento para preparar sementes de Dalbergia miscolobium é o tratamento em que há uma hidratação seguida pela remoção completa do tegumento, onde 78% das sementes apresentaram coloração uniforme, indicando que as sementes analisadas são de boa qualidade. Os demais tratamentos, hidratação e hidratação seguida de corte, mostraram respectivamente 35% e 41% de sementes viáveis.

scholarly journals Subtle Changes or Dramatic Perceptions of Air Pollution in Sydney during COVID-19

Environments ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 2
Author(s):  
Peter Brimblecombe ◽  
Yonghang Lai
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
New South ◽  
Human Mobility ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Physical Reality ◽  
Social Perceptions ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Significant Difference

The COVID-19 pandemic made it critical to limit the spread of the disease by enforcing human isolation, restricting travel and reducing social activities. Dramatic improvements to air quality, especially NO2, have often characterised places under COVID-19 restrictions. Air pollution measurements in Sydney in April 2019 and during the lockdown period in April 2020 show reduced daily averaged NO2 concentrations: 8.52 ± 1.92 and 7.85 ± 2.92 ppb, though not significantly so (p1~0.15) and PM2.5 8.91 ± 4.94 and 7.95 ± 2.64 µg m−3, again a non-significant difference (p1~0.18). Satellite imagery suggests changes that parallel those at ground level, but the column densities averaged over space and time, in false-colour, are more dramatic. Changed human mobility could be traced in increasing times spent at home, assessed from Google Mobility Reports and mirrored in decreased traffic flow on a major road, suggesting compliance with the restrictions. Electricity demand for the State of New South Wales was low under lockdown in early April 2020, but it recovered rapidly. Analysis of the uses of search terms: bushfires, air quality, haze and air pollution using Google Trends showed strong links between bushfires and pollution-related terms. The smoke from bushfires in late 2019 may well have added to the general impression of improved air quality during lockdown, despite only modest changes in the ground level measurements. This gives hints that successful regulation of air quality requires maintaining a delicate balance between our social perceptions and the physical reality.

scholarly journals Rapid continental spread of a salt-tolerant plant along the European road network

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Fekete ◽  
Gy. Haszonits ◽  
D. Schmidt ◽  
H. Bak ◽  
O. Vincze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Road Network ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Road Maintenance ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Comprehensive Literature Review ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Number Of Individuals ◽  
Germination Experiment ◽  
Plantago Coronopus

AbstractThe spread of alien species with the expansion of road networks and increasing traffic is a well-known phenomenon globally. Besides their corridor effects, road maintenance practices, such as the use of de-icing salts during winter facilitate the spread of halophyte (salt tolerant) species along roads. A good example is Plantago coronopus, a mainly coastal halophyte which has started spreading inland from the Atlantic and Mediterranean coastal habitats, recently reaching even Central European countries (e.g. Hungary). Here we studied the spread of this halophyte and tried to identify factors explaining its successful dispersion along roads, while also comparing native and non-native roadside occurrences with regard to altitude of the localities, size of roadside populations and frequency of roadside occurrences. We completed a comprehensive literature review and collected more than 200 reports of occurrence from roadsides spanning a total of 38 years. During systematic sampling the frequency of the species along roads was significantly higher in the Mediterranean (native area), than along Hungarian (non-native area) roads, however the average number of individuals at the sampling localities were very similar, and no significant difference could be detected. Using a germination experiment, we demonstrate that although the species is able to germinate even at high salt concentrations, salt is not required for germination. Indeed salt significantly decreases germination probability of the seeds. The successful spread of the species could most likely be explained by its remarkably high seed production, or some special characteristics (e.g. seed dimorphism) and its ability to adapt to a wide range of environmental conditions. Considering the recent and rapid eastward spread of P. coronopus, occurrences in other countries where it has not been reported yet can be predicted in coming years.

scholarly journals Relationships between water transparency and abundance of Cynodontidae species in the Bananal floodplain, Mato Grosso, Brazil

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesar Enrique de Melo ◽  
Jane Dilvana Lima ◽  
Eliete Francisca da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Fish Assemblages ◽  
Water Transparency ◽  
Predatory Fish ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Central Brazil ◽  
Fish Group ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Abundance And Distribution ◽  
Number Of Individuals ◽  
Habitat Affinities

The Cerrado in the Central Brazil is currently one of the most threatened ecosystems in the world. As a result, the aquatic habitats in this biome also undergo great impacts. Alterations related to land-use change increase sediment loadings in rivers, streams and lakes, resulting in sedimentation and decrease in water transparency. Water transparency determines underwater visibility conditions, and as a consequence fish assemblages respond to spatial and temporal changes in this variable. This work aimed to examine the influence of transparency on the abundance and distribution of Cynodontidae species, a visually oriented predatory fish group. Fish sampling was conducted in 15 sites located between Mortes and Araguaia rivers in the Bananal floodplain, Mato Grosso State. Regression analysis between relative abundance of Cynodontidae (in number of individuals and biomass) and water transparency showed a positive and highly significant correlation, indicating that this group shows species-specific habitat affinities for clearer waters. These results suggest that the increase in water turbidity in this region can affect the patterns of abundance and distribution of the Cynodontidae species, as well as other visually oriented fishes.

Phytogeography of Cerrado Sensu Stricto and Land System Zoning in Central Brazil

2006 ◽  
pp. 79-94
Author(s):  
Manoel Cláudio da Silva Jánior ◽  
Christopher William Fagg ◽  
Maria Cristina Felfili ◽  
Paulo Ernane Nogueira ◽  
Alba Valéria Rezende ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Central Brazil ◽  
Land System

scholarly journals Prevalência de lesões cervicais não cariosas em acadêmicos de odontologia

Bionorte ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
Eric Felipe Saraiva Souto ◽  
Maria Aparecida Yamauti Pereira ◽  
Andréa Maria Eleutério de Barros Lima Martins ◽  
Danilo Cangussu Mendes ◽  
Jairo Evangelista Nascimento ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research Ethics ◽  
Clinical Evaluation ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Ethics Committee ◽  
Private College ◽  
Cervical Lesions ◽  
Nutritional Habits ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Number Of Individuals

Objective:to evaluate the prevalence of non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs) in Dentistry students froma private college in Northern Minas Gerais. Materials and Methods:a questionnaire on nutritional habits and oral hygiene was applied, followed by a clinical evaluation of those who had NCCLs with previously calibrated evaluators. The sample consisted of348 students, from the 4th to the 9th semesters;175 students answered the questionnaire and 17 presented NCCLs. The present work was approved by the Research Ethics Committee under number2.000.236. Results:there was no significant difference regarding the sex of the interviewees, with a higher concentration of NCCLsinthe students of the 9th semester, approximately72.73% of the total number of individuals evaluated. There was a higher concentration of injuries in individuals between 18 and 25 years old, approximately81.82% of the total sample. Conclusion:the studyreinforces that NCCLs are multifactorial. Hence, both diet and parafunctional habits can influence the involvement/worsening of injuries,which are present among studentswho are the object of this study.

scholarly journals Pisces, Teleostei, Characiformes, Characidae, Hasemania crenuchoides Zarske and Géry, 1999, Hyphessobrycon balbus Myers, 1927 and Oligosarcus planaltinae Menezes and Géry, 1983: new records in Distrito Federal, Central Brazil

Check List ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro De Podestà Uchôa de Aquino ◽  
Thiago Belisário d'Araújo Couto
Keyword(s):  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
New Records ◽  
Freshwater Fish Species ◽  
Central Brazil ◽  
Distrito Federal ◽  
Santa Maria

Herein we present new records of three freshwater fish species (Hasemania crenuchoides, Hyphessobrycon balbus and Oligosarcus planaltinae) considered restricted to Central Brazil and previously known only for the upper Rio São Bartolomeu sub-basin. Our data expand their range to other sub-basins in the Distrito Federal, including Sobradinho, Bananal, Santa Maria-Torto, Gama and Ribeirão Santana sub-basins.

scholarly journals An important site for conservation of bats in Brazil: Passa Três cave, São Domingos karst area, with an updated checklist for Distrito Federal (DF) and Goiás state

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 39-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Elina Bichuette ◽  
Eliana do Amaral Gimenez ◽  
Ives Simões Arnone ◽  
Eleonora Trajano
Keyword(s):  
Rare Species ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Karst Area ◽  
Central Brazil ◽  
Distrito Federal ◽  
Threatened Fauna ◽  
Important Site

A checklist of bats from Distrito Federal (DF) and Goiás state (GO) and, particularly a single cave (Passa Três cave), located in São Domingos karst area (GO), central Brazil, is presented. Data is based on literature and surveys carried out during 2,000 years. In total, 66 species were recorded, with 30 using caves as shelters. Passa Três cave harbors nine Phyllostomidae species; the most abundant species werePlatyrrhinuslineatus, Lonchorhinaaurita,DesmodusrotundusandCarolliaperspicillata; and the less abundantsTrachopscirrhosus,AnouracaudiferandGlossophagasoricina. Besides, the cave is shelter of two threatened bats -Lonchophylladekeyseri(Endangered category) andLonchorhinaaurita(Vulnerable category), included at Brazilian List of Threatened Fauna, and of a rare species,Lionycterisspurrelli. Passa Três cave shows enough attributes to be considered as a SICOM (Sites of Importance for Conservation of Bats), which would ensure its protection.

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