scholarly journals Beyond paradigms in Organization Studies: the Circle of Epistemic Matrices

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-46
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Paes de Paula
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Knowledge ◽  
Theory Of Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Development ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Organizational Studies ◽  
Thomas Kuhn ◽  
Organization Studies ◽  
War In Literature

Abstract In this article, I present a sketch of a new proposition to guide organizational studies: the Cicle of Epistemic Matrices. Inspired by Thomas Kuhn and based on the thesis of paradigms' incommensurability, Gibson Burrell and Gareth Morgan drew the diagram of sociological paradigms, but its inclusion in the academy has encouraged a paradigms war. The Circle of Epistemic Matrices also provides an outline for the guidance of organizational studies, but it is based on Habermas and defends the thesis of cognitive incompleteness, suggesting that the sociological and organizational knowledge grows according to the thesis of epistemic reconstructions. To accomplish these propositions and elaborations, I present the debate about the paradigms' war in literature and I question the adequacy of sociological paradigms of Gibson Burrell and Gareth Morgan to organizational studies, with the issue of the influence that it suffered from Kuhnian paradigms and logic. In the following sections, there is an exhibition of alternative proposition - the of Circle of Epistemic Matrices - and, also, I support the thesis of cognitive incompleteness and the thesis of epistemic reconstructions in order to bring a new theory of knowledge development to the area. Finally, I present the findings and thoughts for future research.

Expert Systems, Knowledge Development and Utilization, and Sustained Competitive Advantage: A Resource-Based Model

1998 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 489-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Augustine A. Lado ◽  
Michael J. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Expert Systems ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Organizational Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Development ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Sustainable Competitive Advantage ◽  
Sustained Competitive Advantage ◽  
Organizational Competencies ◽  
Development And Utilization

In this paper, we propose a resource-based model to explain how expert systems generate sustained competitive advantage for a firm. Speciftcally, we analyze the extent to which expert systems (ESs) exhibit the attributes of value, rareness, imperfect imitability, and non substitutability associated with a rent-generating resource (e.g., Barney, 1991). Then, we discuss how expert systems yield sustainable competitive advantage through fostering organizational knowledge development and utilization. Finally, we examine the role of ESs in engenden’ng a reciprocal, mutually enhancing relationship with organizational competencies, leading to sustained competitive advantage. Propositions are ofleered to facilitate future research.

scholarly journals The transformation of work in digitized public sector organizations

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 1176-1190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ursula Plesner ◽  
Lise Justesen ◽  
Cecilie Glerup
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Organizational Studies ◽  
Organization Studies ◽  
Systematic Account ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Public Sector Organizations

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine what the authors can learn from organization studies of digital technologies and changes in public organizations, and to develop a research agenda that allows us to produce systematic knowledge about how work practices in the public sector change with digitization.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is based on an analysis of the organizational studies literature on how digital technologies lead to changes in public sector organization. The literature comprises a wide range of different case studies, and they are analyzed with a specific focus on the insights they offer regarding bureaucracy, accountability and professionals.FindingsThe paper identifies various examples of how digital technologies change important aspects of public sector organizations relating to bureaucracy, accountability and professionals. It is a main finding that no systematic account exists in the organization literature of changes due to digitization specific to the public sector.Practical implicationsThe knowledge produced by current and future research in this area is directly applicable for change management. To react productively on the digitization imperative, public managers need to deepen their knowledge of the organizational dimension of digitization.Originality/valueThe paper proposes an agenda for future research, which has the potential to produce both systematic and useful knowledge of how digitization changes central aspects of public sector organizations.

scholarly journals Beyond the Visible, the Material and the Performative: Shifting Perspectives on the Visual in Organization Studies

2021 ◽  
pp. 017084062110336
Author(s):  
Paolo Quattrone ◽  
Matteo Ronzani ◽  
Dennis Jancsary ◽  
Markus A. Höllerer
Keyword(s):  
Meaning Making ◽  
Organizational Outcomes ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Organizational Studies ◽  
Organization Studies ◽  
Organizational Research ◽  
Visual Mode ◽  
The Past ◽  
Organization And Management ◽  
Scholarly Inquiry

Visual organizational research has burgeoned over the past decade. Despite an initially hesitant engagement with visuality in organization and management studies, it is now only proper to speak of a ‘visual turn’ in this domain of scholarly inquiry. We wish to take the opportunity provided by the Perspectives format to engage with prominent work published in Organization Studies, in appreciation of the diversity of approaches to the visual in organizational research, and highlight some generative tensions across this body of work. In particular, we have scrutinized six articles based on their treatment of signification (how the visual mode enables meaning-making and meaning-sharing in and around organizations), manifestation (how visual organizational artefacts and their properties relate to affordances) and implication (how visualization practices produce organizational outcomes). Inspired by the frictions and gaps across these articles, we developed three distinct perspective shifts that highlight the importance of the invisible, the immaterial and the performance within visualization. We conclude with a comparative matrix that maps different conceptualizations of visualization, and suggest opportunities for future research based on how we see the field of visual organizational studies evolving.

Dualities, Dialectics, and Paradoxes in Organizational Life

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Systems ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Organizational Studies ◽  
Organizational Life ◽  
Organizational Processes ◽  
Organization Studies ◽  
Process Studies ◽  
Convergence And Divergence ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Over Time

Organizational contradictions and process studies offer interwoven and complementary insights. Studies of dialectics, paradox, and dualities depict organizational contradictions that are oppositional as well as interrelated such that they persistently morph and shift over time. Studies of process often examine how contradictions fuel emergent, dynamic systems and stimulate novelty, adaptation, and transformation. Drawing from rich conversations at the Eighth International Symposium on Process Organization Studies, the contributors to this volume unpack these relationships in more depth. The chapters explore three main, connected themes through both conceptual and empirical studies, including (1) offering insight into how process theorizing advances understandings of organizational contradictions; (2) shedding light on how dialectics, paradoxes, and dualities fuel organizational processes that affect persistence and transformation; and (3) exploring the convergence and divergence of dialectics, paradox, and dualities lenses. Taken together, this book offers key insights in order to inform persistent, contradictory dynamics in organizations and organizational studies.

scholarly journals The development of institutional theory in the field of organization studies in Brazil

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 278-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edson Ronaldo Guarido Filho ◽  
Clóvis L. Machado-da-Silva
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Theory ◽  
Social Process ◽  
Scientometric Analysis ◽  
Organizational Studies ◽  
Institutional Perspective ◽  
Organization Studies ◽  
Substantive Content ◽  
The Social ◽  
Academic Events ◽  
Shared Understandings

This article is based on the assumption that the construction of scientific knowledge is a social process characterized by the recursive dynamic between the social and intellectual dimensions. In light of this statement, we investigated how the construction of the institutional perspective is delineated in the context of organizational studies in Brazil from 1993 to 2007, considering transformations in its substantive content as well as the social organization of scientists. The study is based on documentary research of published articles in scientific journals and at academic events. We analyzed social networks of authorship in order to map the cooperation relationships between researchers, and we also used scientometric analysis, based on cited and co-cited authors, for mapping the intellectual framework throughout the period under study. The findings reveal that social ties among scientists in the field of institutional theory are representative of intellectual affinity, which means that there are social mechanisms working in the process of diffusion of ideas and formation of shared understandings, both aspects regarded to social embeddedness of researchers in the clusters in which they belong.

scholarly journals A systematic narrative review of prosociality in educational leadership

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 980-1000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takumi Yada ◽  
Aini-Kristiina Jäppinen
Keyword(s):  
Educational Leadership ◽  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Organizational Studies ◽  
Prosocial Motivation ◽  
Research Questions

Organizational scholars have vigorously and long studied being prosocial in defining ‘prosociality’ as motivation, behavior, and impact to help or benefit others. This study attempts to provide an overview of previous studies that have approached the elements of being prosocial in educational leadership contexts. However, most of the prosocial elements in education are not explicitly defined as prosociality and have not yet been systematically studied. Thus, this study explored the research questions: (a) What elements could be involved in prosociality within educational leadership? (b) Who could be involved in the process of prosociality in educational leadership? The final corpus of this study was 83 articles published between 1993 and 2016. The reviewed concepts were categorized into three themes proposed in organizational studies: prosocial motivation, prosocial behavior, and prosocial impact. Moreover, the multiple educational actors related to prosocial elements were identified. The findings provide an outline of possible directions for future research according to the three themes.

Geographical Psychology

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 393-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Rentfrow ◽  
Markus Jokela
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Spatial Clustering ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Organization Studies ◽  
Psychological Phenomena ◽  
Multilevel Studies

There is geographical variation in the ways in which people think, feel, and behave. How are we to understand the causes and consequences of such variation? Geographical psychology is an emerging subarea of research concerned with the spatial organization of psychological phenomena and how individual characteristics, social entities, and physical features of the environment contribute to their organization. Studies at multiple levels of analysis have indicated that social influence, ecological influence, and selective migration are key mechanisms that contribute to the spatial clustering of psychological characteristics. Investigations in multiple countries have shown that the psychological characteristics common in particular regions are respectively linked to important political, economic, and health indicators. Furthermore, results from large multilevel studies have shown that the psychological characteristics of individuals interact with features of the local environment to impact psychological development and well-being. Future research is needed to better understand the scale and impact of person-environment associations over time.

Rethinking Knowledge Sharing Barriers

2016 ◽  
pp. 1857-1880
Author(s):  
Simon Cleveland ◽  
Timothy J. Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Social Exchange ◽  
Information Science ◽  
Work Force ◽  
Organizational Knowledge ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Time Availability ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Potential Factors ◽  
Knowledge Seeking

The current work force will not only lose 3.6 million “baby boomers” by 2020, but also a substantial organizational knowledge. Presently, there is a gap in understanding how to promote effective organizational knowledge sharing due to the limited awareness of factors that inhibit knowledge sharing behaviors. The focus of this article is to explore the most commonly noted barriers to employees' knowledge seeking and knowledge contributing practices and extract potential factors that influence these barriers. A content analysis study is performed on 103 knowledge management articles from ten computer and information science databases. The results demonstrate a clear division between the barriers limiting each specific behavior: knowledge seeking behaviors depend largely on the time availability of knowledge seekers, while poor communication skills and lack of trust appear to be the major inhibitors to knowledge contribution. Three main factors were found to influence these barriers: role conflict, role ambiguity and locus of control. The findings are consistent with the information foraging and social exchange theories. Implications for future research are proposed.

scholarly journals A Crisis in “Open Access”: Should Communication Scholarly Outputs Take 77 Years to Become Open Access?

SAGE Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 215824401987104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbas Ghanbari Baghestan ◽  
Hadi Khaniki ◽  
Abdolhosein Kalantari ◽  
Mehrnoosh Akhtari-Zavare ◽  
Elaheh Farahmand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Knowledge Development ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Scientific Publishing ◽  
The World ◽  
Trend Data ◽  
Communication Needs ◽  
The Web

This study diachronically investigates the trend of the “open access” in the Web of Science (WoS) category of “communication.” To evaluate the trend, data were collected from 184 categories of WoS from 1980 to 2017. A total of 87,997,893 documents were obtained, of which 95,304 (0.10%) were in the category of “communication.” In average, 4.24% of the documents in all 184 categories were open access. While in communication, it was 3.29%, which ranked communication 116 out of 184. An Open Access Index (OAI) was developed to predict the trend of open access in communication. Based on the OAI, communication needs 77 years to fully reach open access, which undeniably can be considered as “crisis in scientific publishing” in this field. Given this stunning information, it is the time for a global call for “open access” by communication scholars across the world. Future research should investigate whether the current business models of publications in communication scholarships are encouraging open access or pose unnecessary restrictions on knowledge development.

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