scholarly journals CLONAL FORESTRY OF Araucaria angustifolia: PLANTS PRODUCED BY GRAFTING AND CUTTINGS CAN BE USED FOR WOOD PRODUCTION1

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivar Wendling ◽  
Carlos André Stuepp ◽  
Delmar Santin ◽  
Katia Christiana Zuffellato-Ribas
Keyword(s):  
Form Factor ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Araucaria Angustifolia ◽  
Clonal Forestry ◽  
Wood Production ◽  
Equivalent Age ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Potential Use

ABSTRACT Araucaria angustifolia (Brazilian Pine or Araucaria) is a potential native species to Brazilian forestry. However, a number of challenges and technical restraints still persist, making difficult its expansion as a species for forest plantations, among which the lack of cloning technologies evaluation in field conditions. So the present study aimed to evaluate the potential use of Araucaria plants produced by cuttings and grafting for wood production in comparison to those produced by seeds, by assessing field vigor and establishing a form factor for plantations with equivalent age. Plants from cuttings and seeds were planted in a 3 x 3 m spacing, being part of the last intended to be rootstocks for grafting. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with three treatments and plots of a plant (one tree plot). Plants from cuttings had higher growth in diameter at breast height (7.4 ± 2.41 cm) and total height (4.2 ± 1.08 m) at 74 months after planting, followed by grafted plants and from seeds, with similar results. We conclude that cuttings and grafting are potential techniques for Araucaria plants formation for wood production, and, in particular, grafting is recommended by the easiness of in its application, besides the fact that it can be used for seed orchards formation and presents volumetric increase and form factor similar to seedlings.

scholarly journals ARAUCARIA CLONAL FORESTRY: TYPES OF CUTTINGS AND MOTHER TREE SEX IN FIELD SURVIVAL AND GROWTH

CERNE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivar Wendling ◽  
Carlos André Stuepp ◽  
Katia Christina Zuffellato-Ribas
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Clonal Forestry ◽  
Wood Production ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Potential Use

ABSTRACT Araucaria angustifolia (Bert.) O Kuntze (Paraná pine or Araucaria) is a potential forestry native species for Brazilian silviculture. However, a number of challenges and technical restraints persist, hindering its silvicultural expansion, among which are the lack of cloning technologies of superior genetic materials and their assessment under field conditions. Thus, we evaluated the potential use of araucaria plants derived from cuttings and seeds for timber production, by assessing field survival, growth and strobilus production using cuttings from male and female plants, collected from different positions, compared with those produced by sexual reproduction. Clones of male and female trees from different types of cuttings and seedlings were planted in 3 x 3 m spacing. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design of one tree plot with three treatments. Female clones and apical cuttings showed higher growth in diameter at breast height (6.4 cm) and total height (3.6 m) 74 months after planting, followed by seedlings and other clones, with similar results. We conclude that cuttings technique is potential for araucaria propagation for wood production purposes, and it is favored by the use of apical cuttings from female mother trees.

scholarly journals CLONAL FORESTRY OF Piptocarpha angustifolia: SURVIVAL AND GROWTH VIGOR IN FIELD CONDITIONS

CERNE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-74
Author(s):  
Carlos André Stuepp ◽  
Ivar Wendling ◽  
Henrique Soares Koehler ◽  
Katia Christina Zuffellato-Ribas
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Forest Plantations ◽  
Clonal Forestry ◽  
Base Diameter ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Clonal Plantation ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
Growth Vigor ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

ABSTRACT Piptocarpha angustifolia is a potential native species for Brazilian forestry. However, a lot of challenges and technical constraints persist, hindering its expansion as a species for forest plantations, among them, the lack of evaluation of their survival and growth in field conditions. Thus, we evaluated the survival and growth vigor of Piptocarpha angustifolia according to two initial heights of mini-cuttings at planting. Plants from mini-cuttings with 20 ± 5 cm and 40 ± 5 cm were planted in field using 3 × 2 m spacing. In these, we evaluated the survival, base diameter and total height during 24 months. The experiment was implemented in a completely randomized design in a split plot model. Plants of 20 ± 5 cm are superior in survival to 40 ± 5 cm ones. The growth in height and diameter remained constant up to 24 months, reaching 64.1 cm and 13.5 mm, independently of the plants expedition time. In general, the establishment of clonal plantation of Piptocarpha angustifolia was limited by the attack of pests, mainly cutting ants. For this reason, plantation of this species must take into account the possibility of greater pest control.

scholarly journals Consumo, digestibilidade e balanço de nitrogênio de rações contendo diferentes teores de torta de murumuru em dietas para ovinos

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 415
Author(s):  
Bruno Peres de Menezes ◽  
Laurena Silva Rodrigues ◽  
José De Brito Lourenço Júnior ◽  
André Guimarães Maciel e Silva ◽  
Stefano Juliano Tavares de Andrade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Balance ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Linear Effect ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Linear Effects ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Quadratic Effects ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Male Sheep

This study aimed to assess the potential use of increasing levels of murumuru cake (Astrocaryum murumuru var. murumuru, M art.) (MC) in sheep diets as a replacement for Mombasa grass (Panicum maximum Jacq). Metabolic tests were performed with 20 castrated male sheep at Embrapa Amazônia Oriental, Belém, Pará, during 26 days. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design, with five diets and four replications. MC0: 100% grass; MC10: 10% MC and 90% grass; MC20: 20% MC and 80% grass; MC40: 40% MC and 60% grass; and MC60: 60% MC and 40% grass. The intake and the coefficient of apparent digestibility of dry matter (DMI and CDDM), organic matter (OMI and CDOM), crude protein (CPI and CDCP), neutral detergent fiber (NDFI and CDNDF), acid detergent fiber (ADFI and CDADF), ether extract (EEI and CDEE), cellulose (CELI and CDCEL), hemicellulose (HEMI and CDHEM), and nitrogen balance (NB) of experimental diets were determined. The intake of mineral material (MMI) and lignin (LIGI) were also determined. The DMI, OMI, MMI, CPI, NDFI, and ADFI displayed a decreasing linear effect with the replacement of Mombasa grass by MC in the diet. The EEI and the LIGI presented quadratic effects according to the replacement levels of MC in the diet. The CDDM, CDOM, and CDHEM displayed increasing linear effects, between MC0 and MC60. The CDEE, CDNDF, CDADF, and CDCEL displayed a quadratic effect, with optimum replacement levels of 56.65%, 41%, 31.33%, and 27.46%, respectively. The nitrogen balance presented a negative linear effect in the range of 0% to 60% of murumuru cake. One can conclude that murumuru cake is an alternative to the dietary supplementation of ruminants in replacing the Mombasa grass because it provides an increase in the digestibility of nutrients for sheep. However, a limited replacement level must be implemented, considering that from 27.46%, 31.33%, 41%, and 56.65% replacement, a decline occurs in the CDCEL, CDADF, CDNDF, and CDEE, respectively, although a negative nitrogen balance does not occur.

scholarly journals The Potential Use of EDTA as an Alternative to Defibrination in Preparing Blood Agar Plates with Human AB Blood Type on Staphylococcus aureus Culture

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-71
Author(s):  
Dora Dayu Rahma Turista ◽  
Eka Puspitasari ◽  
Fanny Kurnanda Razvi
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid ◽  
Blood Type ◽  
Blood Agar ◽  
Clotting Factors ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Blood Clots ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Blood Clotting Factors

Blood Agar Plates (BAP) are composed of blood as one of the compositions. Sheep’s blood is usually used, but since it is difficult to be obtained, human AB blood type was used as an alternative. In preparing BAP, blood is defibrinated to lyse the blood clotting factors. Blood clots can also be prevented by adding anticoagulants, such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). This study aims to investigate the potential use of EDTA as a substitute for defibrination in preparing BAP with human AB blood type. This study employed a completely randomized design with true experimental method using Staphylococcus aureus as the sample. The parameters were the number of colonies, types of hemolysis, and hemolysis zone. The results showed that the S. aureus grown on BAP with EDTA-human AB blood type was 64 colonies (mean), produced β-hemolytic pattern, and 6 mm hemolytic zone. In contrast, the S. aureus grown on BAP with defibrinated human AB blood type showed 82 colonies (mean), β-hemolytic pattern, and 5 mm hemolytic zone. There were significant differences in the number of colonies (0.000 < α) and hemolytic zones (0.02 < α). However, there was no difference in the hemolysis type (both treatments produced β-hemolysis). EDTA was possible to be used as a substitute for defibrination in preparing BAP to assess the hemolysis type of S. aureus, but it might not be able to be used as a benchmark for counting the number of colonies and determining the hemolysis zone of S. aureus.

scholarly journals Coffee straw mineralization applied to the soil surface

2019 ◽  
pp. 380
Author(s):  
I.R. Bosa, P.A.V. Lo Monaco, I.R. Haddade, H.T. Barth, G.H.S. Vieira ◽  
C.M. Meneghelli ◽  
S. da Silva Berilli
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Organic Nitrogen ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Mineralization Process ◽  
Climatic Variations ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Potential Use

The potential use of coffee straw (composed of outer skin, pulp and parchment) as fertilizer for agricultural crops implies the need to know the dynamics of their decomposition and release of the nutrients. This is to assist the farmers in the management of these residues, especially in the best time of its application in the soil. The aim of this work was to evaluate the dynamics of organic carbon and organic nitrogen during the coffee straw mineralization process, when applied superficially to a Dystrophic Red-Yellow Latosol (LVAd). The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with ten treatments, related to different post-disposal periods to the soil (0, 7, 13, 20, 27, 34, 48, 69, 98, 147 days) and four replications. Soil samples were collected to quantify the easily oxidized organic carbon (OCeo) and organic nitrogen (ON) contents and their respective mineralized fractions. The evaluation of OCeo mineralization, being more stable and less sensitive to climatic variations, is the most appropriate parameter to estimate the mineralized fraction of the residue. The application of coffee straw in a LVAd during the month of August provides, after 147 days, mineralized fractions of OCeo and ON around 88% and 36%, respectively, in the climatic conditions of the mountain region of Espírito Santo state, Brazil.

scholarly journals Açaí seed bran in the feed of slow-growth broilers

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 298-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janaína de Cássia Braga ARRUDA ◽  
Lívia Anália Bentes da FONSECA ◽  
Leonardo César Portal PINTO ◽  
Higor César de Oliveira PINHEIRO ◽  
Brenda Thamara Oliveira MONTEIRO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Slow Growth ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Economic Viability ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Broiler Production ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Inclusion Level ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Potential Use

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to analyze the potential use of açaí seeds as an alternative ingredient in the feed of slow-growth broilers until 28 days of age. We carried out a bromatological analysis of fractions of the açaí fruit. The açaí seed without mesocarp was the best choice for formulation of the açaí seed bran (ASB), which was evaluated in terms of bird performance and economic viability of the supplemented feed. A total of 416 male chicks of the French Red-Naked Neck lineage were used in a completely randomized design with four treatments (0, 2, 6 and 10% inclusion of ASBin the feed) with eight replicates each. The results indicated that ASB can be included in proportions of up to 10% in the diet of slow growth broilers at early development stage without impairing performance. The 10% inclusion level also was economically equal to the control treatment, representing a viable alternative for broiler production, with potential for reduction of the negative impacts generated by açaí residue in the environment.

scholarly journals Initial Growth of Amburana cearensis in Decomposed Buriti Stem Substrate and Nitrogen Doses

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 497
Author(s):  
Augusto Matias de Oliveira ◽  
Wéverson Lima Fonseca ◽  
Tiago De Oliveira Sousa ◽  
Hingrid Raiany Santos Teixeira ◽  
Fernandes Antonio de Almeida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Slow Growth ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

One of the difficulties of producing native species seedlings is slow growth. The objective of this study was to evaluate the initial development of Amburana cearensis (Allem.) A. C. Smith in relation to the concentration decomposed buriti stem substratum and nitrogen doses. A completely randomized design was used in a factorial arrangement of 3 × 5 (proportions of decomposed buriti stem × nitrogen doses), with six replicates. The treatments were formulated substrates comprised of decomposed buriti stem manually mixed with soil (Dystrophic Yellow Latosol) in three proportions (0, 25 and 50%) and five nitrogen doses (0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 mg dm-3) applied in treatments. There was no significant interaction between the DRM and ND factors. However, there was an isolated effect for the following variables: Plant height (PH), stem diameter (SD), leaf number (LN), leaf area (LA), dry mass of the aerial part (DMA) and root length (RL). The best concentrations of the substrate for the variables PH, LA and DMA were 25% and 50%, whereas for SD, LN and RL, the best result was 50%. ND and other variables had good responses under recommended doses ranging from a minimum of 264.82 mg dm-3, observed in DMA, and a maximum of 400 mg dm-3, observed in RL. Both factors positively the quality of umburana seedlings.

scholarly journals Practical method for germination of Araucaria angustifolia (Bert.) O. Ktze. seeds

2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 389-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milene Moreira-Souza ◽  
Elke Jurandy Bran Nogueira Cardoso
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
Araucaria Angustifolia ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Whole Seed ◽  
Cut Seed ◽  
Fungal Contaminants

The germination of seeds of Araucaria angustifolia (Brazilian Pine) is generally a slow and fastidious process that causes loss of many seeds because of the incidence of pathogens. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether seeds with cut edges present greater germination percentages or precocity when compared to untreated, normal seeds. The experimental design was completely randomized design with 100 pre-cut and 100 non-treated seeds. The experiment was installed twice, in 1998 and 1999, from fresh seeds. Pre-cut seed germination was higher: 92 and 95% respectively, whereas whole seed germination was 60 and 64% in the two experiments. Seedlings originated from pre-cut seeds were uniform and showed less fungal contaminants.

scholarly journals Influence of alternative substrates on biomass and quality of cedar seedlings

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cleverson Agueiro de Carvalho ◽  
Reginaldo Almeida Andrade ◽  
Felippe Coelho de Souza ◽  
Rychaellen Silva de Brito ◽  
Davair Lopes Teixeira Junior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Cedrela Odorata ◽  
Forage Grasses ◽  
Planted Forests ◽  
Alternative Substrates ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Organic Compost

The production of native species seedlings is essential for the establishment of planted forests or for the recovery of degraded areas. In the nursery stage, the quality of the substrate is crucial for plant growth and development. The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of alternative substrates, produced from agroforestry residues and decomposed forage grasses, on the biomass input and quality of cedar (Cedrela odorata) seedlings. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, located in Rio Branco, Acre, in a completely randomized design, with three treatments, consisting of substrates: brachiaria organic compost (1:1); organic compost combined with crushed brazil nut husk (2:1) and commercial substrate, with ten repetitions. At 90 days after sowing, total, shoot and root dry matter and Dickson's quality index were evaluated. The organic compost from Brachiaria grass favors the accumulation of biomass, improves the quality of cedar seedlings and can replace the commercial substrate in a viable way.

scholarly journals Tree growth and soil fertility in plantations of genetic materials of Eucalyptus spp.

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. e2610413692
Author(s):  
Eleandro José Brun ◽  
Diego Maicon Scheis ◽  
Maurício Romero Gorenstein ◽  
Flávia Gizele Konig Brun ◽  
Evandro Alcir Meyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
The Other ◽  
Eucalyptus Urophylla ◽  
Lower Growth ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Individual Volume ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
The Relationship

Were analyzed the growth and the relationship with soil fertility of genetic materials of Eucalyptus spp. planted in a non-traditional eucalyptus forestry region in Brazil. Five genetic materials were selected, two seminal: Eucalyptus urophylla and E. pellita and three clones: GFMO27, I224, and H13, planted in experimental plots in a completely randomized design. The diameter at breast height (DBH) and total height were measured; basal area and dendrometric variables were calculated, for the ages 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, and 108 months, both statistically compared. The soil was chemically characterized at 108 months of age and correlated with dendrometric variables. The growth of clones H13, I224, and GFMO 27 were superior to the E. pellita and E. urophylla. The levels of N and MO had a significant correlation with the volume and the Al+3 showed a positive correlation with DBH. Clone H13 showed higher values than the other materials, in all variables analyzed, reaching an individual volume of 1.27 m³ at 108 months. The other genetic materials (GFMO27, I244, and E. urophylla) proved to be variable in their growth behavior at different ages, and E. pellita had lower growth. The recommended genetic materials for planting are H13 and E. urophylla.

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