scholarly journals Effect of different conductor tubes on the longitudinal distribution of corn seeds

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 657-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dauto P. Carpes ◽  
Airton dos S. Alonço ◽  
Fernando P. Rossato ◽  
André A. Veit ◽  
Lucas B. de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Test Bench ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Longitudinal Distribution ◽  
Seeding Density ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Ground Speed ◽  
Plant Stand ◽  
Perforated Disc ◽  
Three Factor ◽  
Density Rate

ABSTRACT The correct longitudinal distribution of seeds by the seeder machine is one of the features that most contributes to obtain an adequate plant stand and good crop yield. The objective of this study was to evaluate the longitudinal distribution of corn seeds by seed conductor tube types, combined with a horizontal perforated disc and a pneumatic meter, altering the seeding density rate. The experiment was conducted in a laboratory using a seed meter test bench. Treatments were a combination of two seed meters, six conductor tubes and four peripheral speeds for the meter disc, corresponding to densities of 60, 70, 80 and 90 thousand corn seeds per hectare and were organized in a three-factor scheme with four repetitions. By increasing the seeding rate into the same ground speed, there was a reduction in the percentage of acceptable spacing, this effect being more pronounced when conductor tubes with a small diameter and straight profile were used.

scholarly journals DISTRIBUIÇÃO LONGITUDINAL DE SEMENTES DE SOJA COM DIFERENTES MÉTODOS DE TRATAMENTO FITOSSANITÁRIO POR UM DOSADOR DE DISCO ALVEOLAR HORIZONTAL

Nativa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 486
Author(s):  
Dauto Pivetta Carpes ◽  
Airton Dos Santos Alonço ◽  
Antônio Robson Moreira ◽  
Gessieli Possebom ◽  
Arthur De Lima Pires ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Distribution ◽  
Seeding Density ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
Phytosanitary Treatment ◽  
Rotary Drum ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Perforated Disc ◽  
Product Control

A expressão do potencial genético da cultura da soja, possui relação direta com a qualidade da operação de semeadura, bem como, a utilização de sementes de elevado vigor e qualidade sanitária. O tratamento fitossanitário de sementes, é uma alternativa utilizada com a finalidade de proteger as sementes e plântulas nos estádios iniciais de desenvolvimento da cultura contra a ação de patógenos causadores de danos. Deste modo, objetivou-se avaliar diferentes métodos e produtos utilizados para o tratamento fitossanitário de sementes de soja, observando o seu efeito no desempenho de um dosador de disco alveolar horizontal. Os fatores observados foram os diferentes métodos de tratamento fitossanitário de sementes em quatro níveis, tratamento em tambor rotativo, adição de polímeros em tratamento industrial, tratamento industrial com adição de grafite e sementes sem adição de produto (testemunha). O segundo fator, foram as diferentes densidades de semeadura em quatro níveis (12, 14, 16, 18 sem m-1). As variáveis analisadas foram os espaçamentos entre sementes, aceitáveis, múltiplos, falhos e precisão. Após a análise e interpretação dos dados concluiu-se que, tanto o lubrificante sólido grafite como também os polímeros de recobrimento, podem ser utilizados sem que ocorra redução da qualidade de distribuição longitudinal de sementes com tratamento fitossanitário.Palavras-chave: densidade de semeadura, dosador de precisão, polímeros adesivos. LONGITUDINAL DISTRIBUTION OF SOYBEAN SEEDS WITH DIFFERENT METHODS OF PHYTOSANITARY TREATMENT BY A HORIZONTAL PERFORATED DISC METER ABSTRACT:The expression of the genetic potential of the soybean crop is directly related to the quality of the sowing operation, as well as the use of high vigor seeds and sanitary quality. Phytosanitary treatment of seeds is an alternative used to protect seeds and seedlings in the early stages of development of the crop against the action of pathogens causing damage. In this way, the objective was to evaluate different methods and products used for the phytosanitary treatment of soybean seeds, observing its effect on the performance of a horizontal disk metering. The factors observed were the different methods of phytosanitary treatment of seeds at four levels, rotary drum treatment, addition of polymers in industrial treatment, industrial treatment with addition of graphite and seeds without addition of product (control). The second factor was the different sowing densities at four levels (12, 14, 16, 18 without m-1). The analyzed variables were seed spacings, acceptable, multiple, fail and precision. After the analysis and interpretation of the data, it was concluded that both the graphite solid lubricant and the coating polymers can be used without reducing the quality of the longitudinal distribution of seeds with phytosanitary treatment.Keywords: seeding density, metering precision, adhesive polymers.

scholarly journals Effect of Seeding Rate On Growth And Yield Of Okra (Abelmoschus Esculantus) In Zuru Northern Guinea Savanna Of Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yohanna J, A. ◽  
Muhammad A, M.
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Land Resource ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Resource Space ◽  
Plant Stand ◽  
The Mean

Field experiment was carried out during 2010 rainy season to find the effect of seeding rate on the growth and yield of okra (Abelmuschus esculentus) in Zuru Northern Guinea Savannah. Zuru is located in Zuru Local government area of Kebbi State (Latitude 11o 251 to 11o 551 North and Longitude 4o 51 to 5o 251 East of the equator). The experiment consisted of three treatments that is planting okra at one plant per stand (S1), two plants per stand (S2) and three plants per stand (S3). The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) and the treatments replicated three time. The result of the experiment has shown that plant height and number of leaves/plant at 3, 6 and 9 weeks after planting (    WAP) were significantly influenced by seeding rate (P<0.05). At 3, 6 and 9 WAP tallest plants were obtained from okra plants planted at three plants/stand (27.83, 54.0 and 77.0cm) respectively followed by okra planted at two plant/stand (24.77, 50.67 and 74.33 leave/plant respectively ). However, more number of leaves/plant were obtained from okra plant at one plant/stand (9.67, 24.67 and 48.0 leaves/plant respectively) followed by okra planted at two plants/stand (8.33, 18.33 and 36.33 leaves/plant respectively). Seeding rate had significant influence on time of 50 percent flowering with one plant/stand first attaining 50 percent flowering stage just within 36.33 days followed by okra planted at two plants/stand (38 days). The mean fresh fruit yield of okra was also significantly influenced by seeding rate with the highest yield of fresh fruits obtained from three plants/stand (83.34/ha) followed by okra planted at two plants/stand (55.56/ha). However, the result of the findings recommends that, okra should be planted at two plants/stand for medium sized and marketable okra fresh fruits since at three plants/stand leads to the production of undersized fresh fruits which do not often attract customers. At one plant/stand, there seemed to be early fruiting and bigger sized fresh fruits but low total yield due to underutilization of land resource/space. Planting at one plant/stand should therefore be avoided

scholarly journals Seeding Density and Nitrogen Fertilization Effects on Agronomic Responses of Some Hybrid Barley Lines in a Mediterranean Environment

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1942
Author(s):  
Giovanni Preiti ◽  
Antonio Calvi ◽  
Maurizio Romeo ◽  
Giuseppe Badagliacca ◽  
Monica Bacchi
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Seeding Density ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Grain Production ◽  
Mediterranean Environment ◽  
Seeding Rate

Over two cropping seasons, 2017/18 and 2018/19, an experimental trial was conducted in a typical cereal-growing environment of the Calabrian hills (southern Italy) to study seeding rate (D) and nitrogen fertilization (N) effects on two barley F1 hybrids (Zoo and Jallon) compared to those of a traditional variety (Lutece), assessing the bio-agronomic response. Barley hybrids, gradually introduced into the principal European countries starting in 2010 as winter forage, currently represent a significant part of the EU internal market. Productive performance was evaluated as grain yield for feed and total biomass for silage and/or biogas production. Research results pointed out the greater performance of barley hybrids compared to conventional varieties in terms of both grain and biomass production. On average, barley hybrids vigour mainly manifested itself through a high tillering and a greater number of ears m−2 compared to those of the conventional variety (+24 and +23%, respectively). Furthermore, barley hybrids were characterized by a greater 1000-kernel weight and hectolitre weight than those of the Lutece variety (conventional variety). A significant increase in grain production was observed, increasing density from D150 to D225 rates (+35% and +33%, respectively) which was followed by a decrease in production shifting from D225 to D300 doses. A significant increase in biomass production was as well highlighted for the two hybrids, shifting from D150 to D225 rates (+26% and +27%, respectively). The applied nitrogen dose highlighted a different behaviour between the hybrids and the conventional variety; in particular, the lowest nitrogen dose (N80) negatively influenced the Lutece variety both in terms of grain and biomass production (−9% and −16%, respectively) while the hybrids showed the best agronomic response even at the lowest dose. On average, with the N80 dose, grain yield of Zoo and Jallon was greater than 20% and 16%, while with the N120 dose grain yield was 9% and 7%, respectively. A similar behaviour was found for biomass yield. It should therefore be emphasized that barley hybrids possess high yielding capacities and that such higher grain production can be achieved in a Mediterranean environment by using a lower seed rate (approximately −25%) and a reduced nitrogen dose (approximately −33%) compared with those commonly applied to conventional varieties.

scholarly journals Plant Population and Replant Method Effects on Peanut Seeded in Single Rows

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-132
Author(s):  
J.M. Sarver ◽  
R.S. Tubbs ◽  
J.P. Beasley ◽  
A.K. Culbreath ◽  
T.L. Grey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linear Trend ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Seed Addition ◽  
University Of Georgia ◽  
Plant Stand ◽  
Reduced Rate

ABSTRACT The University of Georgia Extension recommendation for optimum plant stand in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is 13.1 plants/m, although previous work has shown that yield potential can be maintained at lower plant stands. The unpredictable and often extreme weather and the ubiquity of pathogens in the region often contribute to poor emergence and poor plant stands. When plant stand is adversely affected, replanting the field may be a practical option. The objectives of this study were to determine i) the effect of plant stand on yield, grade and disease incidence, ii) at what plant stand peanut gains an advantage from replanting and iii) the best method for replanting peanut when an adequate stand is not achieved. Field trials took place in Plains, GA in 2011, 2012, and 2013; and Tifton, GA in 2012 and 2013 to evaluate peanut production at six plant stands (3.3, 4.9, 6.6, 8.2, 9.8, and 11.5 plants/m, in addition to a 13.1 plants/m control) in combination with three replant practices; i) no replant, ii) destroy the original stand and replant at a full seeding rate, and iii) add a reduced rate of seed to supplement the original stand) in a randomized complete block design. A positive linear trend for yield and a negative linear trend for tomato spotted wilt Tospovirus incidence were discovered as plant stand increased. Yield advantages from replanting occurred via supplemental seed addition to initial stands of 3.3 and 8.2 plants/m. Destroying the initial stand and completely replanting was never beneficial when compared to the other two replant practices. Replanting is warranted via supplemental seed addition at plant stands equal-to or below 8.2 plants/m.

Performance of Planter Electric-drive Seed Meter during Simulated Planting Scenarios

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 925-935
Author(s):  
Ryan Strasser ◽  
Sylvester Badua ◽  
Ajay Sharda ◽  
Devin Mangus ◽  
Lucas Haag
Keyword(s):  
Response Time ◽  
Electric Drive ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Steady States ◽  
List Type ◽  
Motor Speed ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Ground Speed ◽  
Transient States ◽  
Test Scenarios

Highlights. Seed meter rpm error decreased with increasing planter speed during steady states.Point-row operations could result in up to 10-13 seeds being over- or under-planted.Seed meter rpm error varied from -7.2% to 7.9% during curve planting transient states. Abstract. Electric drive seed metering systems have become a common method for singulating row crop seed. These singulation systems have substantially fewer moving parts and can potentially respond more quickly than other drive mechanisms. However, the accuracy and response time of these systems has yet to be examined to quantify potential benefits of adoption. The objectives of this study were (1) to quantify accuracy and response time of electric meter drives to varying ground speeds and speed transitions during in-lab simulation planting operations on straight-line and curves, and (2) to compare actual seed meter motor speed to target meter speed during simulation field scenarios. To quantify metering system performance, test scenarios were developed to simulate planting on headlands, within field boundaries including traversing in-field obstacles, and planting on curves with different radii. Ground speeds during simulation scenarios were 7.2, 12.9, and 16.1 kph when operating on straight rows and 6.0, 8, 11, and 14.5 kph when planting along curvilinear paths. Test scenarios also included planter acceleration and deceleration at 0.4 and 0.6 m/s2 when traversing in-field obstacles and tighter radii curves. Tests were conducted with two different seeding rates, 44,460 and 88,920 seeds/ha. Eight high frequency encoders were mounted on the electric meters of selected row units to record real-time meter rpm and quantify seed meter accuracy and response time. A custom DAQ system was developed to read simulation test scenario data files in ASCII text file format and send prescribed ground speed commands to the Horsch Maestro 24.30 planter’s ECU at 10 Hz using a program written in LabVIEW. Results indicated that seed metering accuracy increased as ground speed increased resulting in a significantly lower seed meter rpm error at 16.1 kph under steady-state conditions. During transient states, seed meters needed 3 to 4 s to respond during deceleration and acceleration resulting to seed meter rpm error ranging from -3.7% to 3.6% at 44,460 seeds/ha seeding rate and from -3.8% to 3.2% at 88,920 seeds/ha seeding rate. During point-row operations, the response time of the meters was 0.4 s which could result in up to 10 seeds being under-planted and up to 13 seeds being over-planted per row unit. During curvilinear planting, seed meter rpm error for steady states ranged from -0.5% to 0.8% across varying turn radii resulting to seeding rate error ranging from -223 to 370 seeds/ha while during transient states seed meter rpm error varied from -7.2% to 7.9% resulting to seeding rate error ranging from -5,886 to 7,187 seeds/ha. Keywords: Seed meter rpm, Seeding rate error, Simulation, Variable rate planting, Planter meter.

Effect of the Sowing Speed on the Distribution Regularity of Maize Seeds

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wesley Nadin ◽  
Pedro Silvério Xavier Pereira ◽  
Onassis Henrique Simon Rondon ◽  
Matheus Farinha Afonso ◽  
Dryelle Sifuentes Pallaoro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Longitudinal Distribution ◽  
Initial Population ◽  
Precision Index ◽  
Maize Seeds ◽  
Plant Stand ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Seed Deposition ◽  
Displacement Speed ◽  
Deposition Depth

This work aimed to evaluate the influence of the sowing speed on the regularity of longitudinal distribution of maize seeds through a pneumatic metering seeder. The experimentation of 4 sowing speeds (4, 6, 8 and 10 km h-1) was performed in randomized blocks design with four replicates. The parameters evaluated were the mean distance between plants, coefficient of variation of the distance between plants, percentage of acceptable, flawed and double spacings, precision index, plant stand, initial population, mean seed deposition depth, and coefficient of variation of the seed deposition depth. The increase in the operating speed linearly reduced the percentage of acceptable spacings, plant stand, initial population, and mean seed deposition depth. Conversely, it linearly increased the values of mean distance between plants, coefficient of variation of the distance between plants, percentage of double and flawed spacings, precision index, and coefficient of variation of the deposition depth. Therefore, the increase in the displacement speed of the tractor-seeder set reduced the regularity of the longitudinal distribution of the plants, as well as the sowing quality.

Yield-density relationships and optimum plant populations in two cultivars of solid-seeded dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) grown in Saskatchewan

2002 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 521-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven J. Shirtliffe ◽  
Adrian M. Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Seed Weight ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Seeding Density ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Plant Populations ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Density Relationship

There is relatively little agronomic information on solid-seeded production of dry bean in western Canada. Recommended seeding density for dry bean can depend on the growth habit of the plant, the yield–density relationship, percent emergence, seed cost and environment. The objective of this study was to determine the yield–density relationships in two determinate bush type cultivars of dry bean and the optimum plant population under solid-seeded production in Saskatchewan. CDC Camino, a late-season pinto bean and CDC Expresso, a medium-season-length black bean were the cultivars evaluated. In most sites, the yield-density relationship of the cultivars was asymptotic and an optimum plant density for maximum yield could not be determined. Camino generally required a lower plant population to reach a given yield than Expresso. Increasing plant population did not affect 1000-seed weight. Higher seeding rate did result in a greater number of seeds produced m-2, with Expresso having a greater increase in seed produced m-2 compared with Camino. Expresso was required to be at higher plant densities than Camino to maximize economic returns. This reflects the differences between cultivars in yield-density relationship and seed cost, as Camino has a heavier 1000-seed weight than Expresso. Saskatchewan bean growers wishing to maximize profit should target plant populations for Expresso and Camino of approximately 50 and 25 plants m-2, respectively. Key words: Saskatchewan, yield components, non-linear regression, seeding rate, narrow rows, solid-seeded

scholarly journals Phenological phases of buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Mnch.) in the primary and secondary crop depending on seeding rate

2012 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 213-226
Author(s):  
Dariusz Juszczak ◽  
Marian Wesołowski
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Podzolic Soil ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Fagopyrum Esculentum ◽  
Loamy Sand ◽  
Seeding Density ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Phenological Phases

This paper presents the growth stages of buckwheat grown as a primary or secondary crop as well as using three seeding rates. A field experiment was conducted in the years 2003-2004 and in 2006 on podzolic soil derived from slightly loamy sand. Phenological observations were made at 5-day intervals, from the time of buckwheat emergence (in the primary crop around 28 May, in the secondary crop 7 June), on selected and properly marked plants. The buckwheat plants were harvested when more than 80% of buckwheat seeds on them were brown. The duration of particular growth stages of buckwheat are presented in phenological diagrams. It was found that crop rotation treatment and weather conditions affected significantly the time of occurrence of the phenological phases of buckwheat, but these phases were less dependent on seeding density. A rainfall deficit in 2006 caused a delay in particular growth stages compared to the previous years.

scholarly journals Density of plants is the important indicator of onion yield

2020 ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
Natalia Ivanovna Matveeva ◽  
Vyacheslav Petrovich Zvolinsky
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Seeding Density ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Lower Volga Region ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

During sowing turnip onions, the largest part of the costs incurred is the purchase of seed material. Increasing the rate of sowing seeds does not always pay off the costs of their acquisition. The aim of our work was to identify the optimal plant density of onion plants in the conditions of the Lower Volga region for one-time mechanized harvesting of onions. The research was carried out on subtypes of light chestnut soils in the conditions of land use of the Caspian Agrarian Federal Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences of the Astrakhan Region during 2016–2019. As a result of our research, it was revealed that changes in the density of onion sowing affect the growth and development of plants. A significant varietal sign was the length of the period from mass shoots to bulb ripening. This indicator changed not so much from the variety or hybrid, but how much from the density of the plants on one hectare. With an increase in the seeding rate, the duration of the growing season also increased. In addition to the growing season, the seeding density also affected biometric indicators. With a decrease in the seeding rate per hectare, the number of leaves increased. Depending on the hybrid or variety, the maximum number of leaves ranged from 34–38 to 22–28 pieces. And with an increase in the seeding rate per hectare, the number of leaves on the bulb decreased. It was also noted that the size of the leaves was larger than with other sowing schemes. We believe that this is due to the most thickened sowing. The article will be interesting to students and teachers of agronomic faculties, as well as workers in the agricultural sector.

scholarly journals Seeder-fertilizer performance with two furrowing mechanisms and sowing speed

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Luiz Viegas Neto ◽  
Cristiano Márcio Alves de Souza ◽  
Sálvio Napoleão Soares Arcoverde ◽  
Izidro dos Santos de Lima Junior ◽  
Lígia Maria Maraschi da Silva Piletti
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Average Distance ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Plant Distribution ◽  
Operational Performance ◽  
Longitudinal Distribution ◽  
Sunflower Crop ◽  
Plant Stand ◽  
Field Emergence

The displacement velocity of the tractor-seeder set, associated with the furrowing mechanism, influences the plant distribution and the establishment of a correct plant stand in the field. The objective of this study was to evaluate the operational performance of a seeder-fertilizer in the non-tillage sunflower crop, according to sowing speeds and furrow mechanisms. The experimental design used was the randomized blocks, with treatments arranged in a split-plot scheme, where the plots were the furrowing mechanisms (chisel openers and double disk) and the subplots were the sowing speeds (3.2; 4.6; 6.2 and 7.0km h-1), with three replicates. The following were determined in this study: the emergence speed index, the emergence in the field, the average distance between the plants, plant height, plant population and the longitudinal distribution of plants. Sunflower sowing using a chisel openers provides greater emergence in the field, emergence speed index and, consequently, greater plant population. Sowing speed ranging from 3.2 to 7.0km h-1 do not influence field emergence, emergence speed index, height and population of sunflower plants.

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