scholarly journals Readability as a measure of textual complexity: determinants and evidence in Brazilian companies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Antônio Salvador de Souza ◽  
José Alonso Borba
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Econometric Model ◽  
Textual Information ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Accounting Research ◽  
Dummy Variable ◽  
Econometric Evidence ◽  
The One ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
Management Report

ABSTRACT The aim of this article was to evaluate the effect of company earnings and of harmonization with IFRS on the readability of Management Reports in the Brazilian stock market. There is a gap to be filled both in the elaboration and adaptation of readability measures to the context studied, as the studies tend to replicate the original formulas, and in identifying the determinants of the readability of Brazilian company reports, as the research in this field remains in its infancy and the results are inconclusive. The results provide indications for investors to identify complex textual information and may help public policymakers to establish a simple writing manual, along the lines of the SEC’s 1998 Plain English Handbook. The modified metrics and the one developed overcome the criticisms regarding the use of readability formulas in accounting research and could be used in substitution of the original metrics in future studies. An econometric model was used that presents the determinants of readability. Readability was calculated for the Results Analysis section of the Management Report. The resulting construct is understood via three attributes: persistence, current performance, and the reference benchmark. Harmonization with IFRS is a dummy variable, which delimits the pre- and post-IFRS periods. The hypotheses were tested in a sample of Brazilian companies made up of 714 company-year observations covering the period from 2006 to 2019. The descriptive results show that there is an apparent improvement in the readability of the reports in the pre- and post-IFRS period comparison. The econometric evidence shows that, in general, companies with persistent and positive earnings present less complex reports and are more likely to have highly readable reports, because managers publish reports with better readability to signal positive results to the market.

scholarly journals USE OF E-SOLUTIONS FOR PLANNING THE DEVELOPMENT OF AHs UNDER CONDITIONS OF DECENTRALIZATION OF AUTHORITY IN UKRAINE

2019 ◽  
pp. 28-37
Author(s):  
G. Kharlamova
Keyword(s):  
Econometric Model ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Local Policy ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Operational Activities ◽  
The One ◽  
Access To Data ◽  
Sound Management ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
Model Approach

The issue of decentralization in Ukraine is gaining momentum, and despite the first positive results, AHs are facing a lack of information for sound management decisions. E-solutions and the transition to successful data-driven management are essential tools for AHs. The developed structure of the diversification of interests of the actors of the process is capable to provide the basis for highly effective e-decisions (dashboards), which able the communities to carry out successful strategies and target their operational activities. A powerful modeling tool, including ANOVA and regression analysis, has confirmed that all AHs currently have a diversified path of development and have not yet demonstrated the synergy of response to government steps and policies to support them. A major problem for communities, on the one hand, is the lack of data to track their socio-economic development and, on the other hand, the opening of registers and access to data through the ESD, raise issues for communities about the methodology and tools for their prompt processing and interpretation. The econometric model-based scenario solutions have the potential to become a powerful management tool in the hands of the ATs chairman. The model approach proposed in the article can become a measure of the success and failure of local policy and become a tool for choosing the direction of the AHs’ development.

Accounting research production and evaluation: The view of the professionals

2017 ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
Orazio Vagnozzi
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Accounting Research ◽  
Research Production ◽  
Accounting Practice ◽  
Mutual Knowledge ◽  
The One

The existence of a gap between accounting research and accounting practice has been extensively described in literature. In order to be able to publish a research in a high-ranked accounting journal, it seems that methodological issues are more important than those related to the relevance of the topics covered. To improve research and accounting practice and to avoid the risk of accounting research becoming selfreferential, every effort should be made to bridge the current gap between research and accounting practice. To this end, the development of mutual knowledge of the agenda of researchers and practitioners on the one hand, and participation in joint projects on the other, could represent possible future solutions to be pursued.

Gestión de los intangibles del capital humano. Política de retribuciones y sus efectos. El caso de los grupos de empresa cotizados españoles

Oikos ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (30) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Esteban Pérez Calderón ◽  
Patricia Milanés Montero ◽  
Herenia Gutiérrez Ponce
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Stock Market ◽  
Capital Market ◽  
Return On Investment ◽  
Employee Productivity ◽  
Human Capital Management ◽  
Remuneration Policy ◽  
The One ◽  
Capital Humano ◽  
Los Grupos

RESUMENEn los últimos años, las empresas han venido realizando grandes inversiones en generosos mecanismos de retribución y compensación a sus empleados con la esperanza de alcanzar un doble objetivo. Por un lado, que estas actuaciones sean reconocidas por el mercado de valores y, por otro, esperando un mayor retorno de la inversión realizada en su personal. En el presente trabajo comprobamos cómo están repercutiendo estas inversiones sobre la productividad de los empleados (resultados económicos) y si son premiadas por el mercado de capitales (resultados financieros). Nuestro estudio se centra en los grupos de empresa cotizados españoles.Palabras clave: gestión, intangibles, capital humano, política retributiva. Intangibles of human capital management. Remuneration policy and its effects. The case of the spanish groups listed companies.ABSTRACTIn recent years, companies have been investing heavily in generous remuneration and compensation models for its employees hope to achieve two objectives. On the one hand, that these actions are recognized by the stock market and, second, expecting a greater return on investment in their human capital. In this paper we focus on to see how these investments are having an impact on employee productivity (economic results) and if they are rewarded by the capital market (financial results). Our study focuses on Spanish groups listed companies.Keywords: management, intangibles, human capital, remuneration policy.

Dreams of Truck Drivers: A Test of the Continuity Hypothesis of Dreaming

2005 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Schredl ◽  
Arthur Funkhouser ◽  
Nicole Arn
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Truck Drivers ◽  
The Other ◽  
Continuity Hypothesis ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Daytime Activity ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
The One ◽  
Dream Emotions ◽  
The Relationship

Empirical studies largely support the continuity hypothesis of dreaming. The present study investigated the frequency and emotional tone of dreams of truck drivers. On the one hand, the findings of the present study partly support the continuity regarding the time spent with driving/being in the truck and driving dreams and, on the other hand, a close relationship was found between daytime mood (feelings of stress, job satisfaction) and dream emotions, i.e., different dream characteristics were affected by different aspects of daytime activity. The results, thus, indicate that it is necessary to define very clearly how this continuity is to be conceptualized. The approach of formulating a mathematical model (cf. [1]) should be adopted in future studies in order to specify the factors and their magnitude in the relationship between waking and dreaming.

Never saw one – first-person null subjects in spoken English1

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (01) ◽  
pp. 1-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
SUSANNE WAGNER
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
First Language ◽  
First Person ◽  
Null Subjects ◽  
Language Variation And Change ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Verb Phrase ◽  
The One ◽  
Colloquial Speech

While null subjects are a well-researched phenomenon in pro-drop languages like Italian or Spanish, they have not received much attention in non-pro-drop languages such as English, where they are traditionally associated with particular (written) genres such as diaries or are discussed under a broader umbrella term such as situational ellipsis. However, examples such as the one in the title – while certainly not frequent – are commonly encountered in colloquial speech, with first-person singular tokens outnumbering any other person.This article investigates the linguistic and non-linguistic factors influencing the (non-) realisation of first-person singular subjects in a corpus of colloquial English. The variables found to contribute to the observed variation are drawn from a variety of linguistic domains and follow up on research conducted in such different fields as first language acquisition (FLA), cognitive linguistics, discourse analysis, sociolinguistics and language variation and change. Of particular interest is the finding regarding the link between null subjects and complexity of the verb phrase, which patterns in a clearly linear fashion: the more complex the verb phrase, the more likely is a null realisation. Not discussed in this form before, this finding, given its high significance and its robustness in light of alternative coding, may prove to be an important candidate for inclusion in future studies on (English) null subjects.

scholarly journals Evaluation of a Handheld Gluten Detection Device

2018 ◽  
Vol 81 (10) ◽  
pp. 1723-1728 ◽  
Author(s):  
STEVE L. TAYLOR ◽  
JULIE A. NORDLEE ◽  
SHYAMALI JAYASENA ◽  
JOSEPH L. BAUMERT
Keyword(s):  
Ice Cream ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Gluten Free ◽  
Specific Enzyme ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Food Matrices ◽  
The One ◽  
Addition Level ◽  
Positive Results

ABSTRACT A portable, handheld gluten detection device, the Nima sensor, is now available for consumers wishing to determine if gluten is present in food. By U.S. regulation, gluten-free foods should contain <20 ppm of gluten. Thirteen gluten-free foods (muffins, three different types of bread, three different types of pasta, puffed corn snack, ice cream, meatballs, vinegar and oil salad dressing, oatmeal, and dark chocolate) were prepared; each food was spiked on a weight to weight basis with gluten levels of 0, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 100 ppm before processing or preparation. Unprocessed and processed foods were tested with the handheld gluten sensor and by two gluten-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) on the basis of the R5 and G12 monoclonal antibodies, respectively. The portable gluten detection device detected gluten in all food types at the 30-ppm addition level, failing to detect gluten in only 5 (6.4%) of 78 subsamples. At the 20-ppm addition level, the portable gluten detection device failed to detect gluten in one type of pasta but detected gluten residues in 63 (87.5%) of 72 other subsamples. The device was able to detect gluten at the 10-ppm addition level in 9 of the 13 food matrices (41 of 54 subsamples, 75.9%) but not in the three types of pasta and the puffed corn snack. The gluten-sensing device did not perform reliably at the 5-ppm addition level in 11 of 13 food matrices (exceptions: ice cream and muffins). In contrast, the ELISA methods were highly reliable at gluten addition levels of ≥10 ppm in all food matrices. The portable gluten detection device yielded a low percentage of false-positive results (4 of 111, 3.6%) in these food matrices. Thus, this handheld portable gluten sensor performed reliably in the detection of gluten in foods having ≥20 ppm of added gluten with only 18 (5.9%) of 306 failures, if results of the one type of pasta are excluded. The device worked with greater reliability as the gluten levels in the foods increased.

scholarly journals A Review of Market Segmentation and Inefficiencies of the Chinese Stock Market

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 18-28
Author(s):  
Shuang Feng ◽  
Jon Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Market Segmentation ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Chinese Stock Market ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Calendar Effects ◽  
Market Inefficiencies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Market Inefficiency

The Chinese stock market is an emerging market that has gained much importance over the past few decades. Because of this, it also serves as a great subject for studying market inefficiencies and anomalies. In this paper we provide a review of evidence regarding the development, efficiency and integration of the Chinese stock market. In particular, we review recent literature in the areas of market segmentation, cross-listings and calendar effects. This provides evidence of market inefficiency in China. We also pose questions that can be answered in future studies.

scholarly journals The role of education, knowledge and human resources for the agricultural development in the perspective of new cap: an hypothesis of change in Basilicata

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 123-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Contò ◽  
M. Fiore ◽  
P. La Sala ◽  
P. Papapietro
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Econometric Model ◽  
Italian Region ◽  
Network Education ◽  
Dummy Variable ◽  
New Models ◽  
The Relationship

The role of education, knowledge and human resources in the agribusiness becomes of primary importance for the development of agricultural sector and, more generally, of the territory. The main objective of the present paper is to verify the role of investment in human resources and, consequently, in services for the agricultural development for the dynamics of rural development, trade and international cooperation of agribusiness.After a literature review, the paper firstly analyses the characteristics of the Italian Region of Basilicata, selected for our empirical application, and secondly develops an econometric model to explain the relationship between the rural GDP and a set of economic variables and of network-education-social (NES) dummy variable. These NES is representative of social, educational and, network factors, describing the degree of openness of the region firm. As expected, the results show that farmers may act as engines for economic development when they are trained on the basis of the needs and requirements related to innovation and research, and they are assisted through new models of organization of agricultural services.

scholarly journals Behavioral finance and games: simulations in the academic environment

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (77) ◽  
pp. 297-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliana Marcia Martins Fittipaldi Torga ◽  
Francisco Vidal Barbosa ◽  
Alexandre de Pádua Carrieri ◽  
Bruno Pérez Ferreira ◽  
Márcia Hiromi Yoshimatsu
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Financial Market ◽  
Behavioral Finance ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Financial Analysis ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Comprehensive Knowledge ◽  
Training Professionals ◽  
Emotional Aspects ◽  
The One

ABSTRACT The contribution from this study lies in its reflection on the factors that influence market efficiency, which requires a multidisciplinary view to analyze the intervening factors that impact results of the financial system. It also contributes by reflecting on the need for new approaches for training professionals who will go on to work in financial and related areas and preparing them by using different financial analysis techniques; by reflecting on the fact that analytical practices are influenced by social, cognitive, and emotional aspects, enabling the students to be better prepared to act in the financial market; by presenting various technical possibilities and providing more comprehensive knowledge to choose the one that best suits the object of analysis and their preferences; and by reflecting on different ways of perceiving investment opportunities and risk, which can be expanded on in other studies on the segmentation of clients according to their preferences in the investor market. The aim of this study was to analyze how social and psychological aspects influenced the decisions involved in simulated trading operations. The relevance lies in its discussion of the philosophical and epistemological position in finance, which suffers from a vision that only focuses on the rationality of means and does not explain the anomalies verified in the financial market. The study originated from the application of a company game simulating the work of stock market trading desk operators, applied in the Stock Market Operations course and using fundamental, technical, and graphical techniques. The population was intentional and made up of undergraduate and graduate students from one of the four best Brazilian federal universities. The data analysis was performed by analyzing the content of the questionnaires applied and the journal entries made during participant observation.

scholarly journals The earlier, the better or the worse? Towards accurate management of patients with arthralgia at risk for RA

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 312-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annette van der Helm-van Mil ◽  
Robert B M Landewé
Keyword(s):  
Daily Practice ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Clinical Arthritis ◽  
The One ◽  
Firm Evidence ◽  
Early Phases

The favourable long-term results of early treatment in patients with classified rheumatoid arthritis have resulted in an increasing interest in the diseases phases preceding clinical arthritis. The hypothesis to test is that an intervention in these early phases may better prevent or reduce disease persistence than an intervention when arthritis has become clinically manifest. While several placebo-controlled trials are still ongoing, to date there is no firm evidence that this hypothesis truly holds. Therefore, it is important to reflect on the current status of arthralgia preceding clinical arthritis. Inherent to every new field of research, attitudes are conflicting, with opinions propagating innovation (based on the fear of undertreatment) on the one hand, and critical sounds pleading for more restraint (fear of overtreatment) on the other hand. In this Viewpoint, we will examine these divergent opinions, relate them to a preferred ultimate scenario and provide considerations for future studies and daily practice.

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