scholarly journals Diversity patterns of hawkmoths (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) in the canopy of an ombrophilous forest in Central Amazon, Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilcélia Melo LOURIDO ◽  
Catarina da Silva MOTTA ◽  
Márlon Breno GRAÇA ◽  
José Albertino RAFAEL
Keyword(s):  
Forest Canopy ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Central Amazon ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
Accumulation Curve ◽  
White Sheet ◽  
New Moon ◽  
Ombrophilous Forest ◽  
Erinnyis Ello ◽  
Night Period

ABSTRACT Sphingidae attracted to light were systematically collected in an Amazonian forest canopy. Sampling occurred at a height of 34 m in an upland primary rainforest plateau in the Cueiras River basin, located within the Experimental Station of Tropical Silviculture, Manaus municipality, Amazonas, Brazil. The hawkmoths were collected using a vertical white sheet illuminated by a 250 W mixed mercury light and a 20 W black-light (BLB) fluorescent tube. Monthly collections were carried out from January to December 2004, during three nights of lunar transition from third quarter moon to new moon between 6 p.m. and 6 a.m. We sampled 1748 specimens, represented by 1485 males and 263 females, belonging to 52 species and 21 genera. Xylophanes comprised the highest number of species (seven), followed by Erinnyis, with six species. The most abundant species were Pseudosphinx tetrio (169 specimens), Pachylia darceta (162), Erinnyis ello ello (154), Isognathus excelsior (151) and Callionima parce (139). The species accumulation curve showed that the species richness tended to stabilize by the eighth month. We also observed that species composition altered significantly throughout the night period. All presented hawkmoth records are new for the canopy in the central Amazon.

scholarly journals Diversity of scorpions (Chelicerata: Arachnida) in the Atlantic Forest in Pernambuco, northeastern Brazil

Check List ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1331 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Felipe de Araujo Lira ◽  
Cleide Maria Ribeiro de Albuquerque
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
Moon Phase ◽  
The Family ◽  
New Moon ◽  
Important Center ◽  
Uv Lamps ◽  
Northeastern Atlantic

This study was conducted to measure the biodiversity of scorpion species in the remnants of the Brazilian northeastern Atlantic Forest, an important center of biodiversity and endemism. Collections were performed in twelve forest fragments in Sirinhaém municipality, Pernambuco State, through active searches at night by using UV lamps between 19:00h and 21:00h during the new moon phase in December 2012 and January 2013. A total of 1,125 specimens from two genera and five species were collected: Tityus pusillus Pocock, 1893; Ananteris mauryi Lourenço, 1982; Tityus brazilae Eickstedt & Lourenço, 1984; Tityus neglectus Mello-Leitão, 1932; and Tityus stigmurus (Thorell, 1876), all belonging to the family Buthidae C.L. Koch, 1837. The most abundant species was T. pusillus (90.7%), followed by A. mauryi (7.1%). Tityus brazilae, T. neglectus, and T. stigmurus together represented less than 3% of the individuals sampled.

scholarly journals Composition, density and biomass of fish community from the surf zone as a function of the lunar cycle at Miramar Beach in Cabedelo, Paraíba

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Willy Vila Nova Pessoa ◽  
Jonas de Assis Almeida Ramos ◽  
Paulo Guilherme Vasconcelos de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Surf Zone ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Lunar Cycle ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Biological Interactions ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Mean ◽  
New Moon ◽  
Density And Biomass

ABSTRACT The influence of the moon cycles on the ichthyofauna has been little studied in the surf zone. In this study, the number of species, density and biomass were evaluated as a function of the moon. A total of 49 species distributed in 24 families were captured in two areas of Miramar beach. The mean density was significant high in the weaning and low in the new moon, while density and biomass together showed differences for areas. The most abundant species were Anchoa tricolor and Trachinotus falcatus (new moon), and Anchovia clupeoides showed significant differences in the waning moon. The RDA indicates that turbidity influenced significantly the presence of two species group. The group I were represented by Stellifer brasiliensis, Trachinotus goodei, A. clupeoides, Chilomycterus spinosus and Conodon nobilis that occurred on the waning and new phases in both areas, while the group II were represented by Polydactylus virginicus and Haemulopsis corvinaeformis in the full moon. The surf zones may also be strongly governed by the lunar phases. Therefore, the results found in this study, showed that the biological interactions between the species with turbidity and moon might explain the density and biomass variations for some species in the surf zone.

Species composition, abundance and seasonal recruitment patterns of freshwater eels (Anguilla spp.) to Viti Levu, Fiji Islands, in the western South Pacific

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (11) ◽  
pp. 1704 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Hewavitharane ◽  
T. D. Pickering ◽  
R. Ciro ◽  
N. Mochioka
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Dna Barcoding ◽  
Heavy Rain ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Fiji Islands ◽  
Glass Eels ◽  
New Moon ◽  
Freshwater Eels ◽  
Tropical Eels

To understand the inshore recruitment mechanisms of tropical eels (Anguilla spp.), we collected 1368 glass eels at the mouth of a small river at Namelimeli, ~2km east of Navua Town, Fiji Islands, between April 2015 and June 2016. Specimens were identified using both morphological characters and DNA barcoding to only three species: one short-finned Anguilla obscura and two long-finned eels A. marmorata and A. megastoma. Anguilla obscura was the most abundant species (55% of glass eels collected) with peak recruitment periods from February to April. Anguilla marmorata was the second most abundant species (41.4% of glass eels collected) with peak recruitment periods in April 2015 and September–October 2015. Anguilla megastoma only comprised 3.9% of glass eels collected, with peak recruitment periods in April 2015 and October 2015. Anguilla obscura and A. marmorata were present in samples almost throughout the year, suggesting that tropical eels recruit to some degree throughout the year. Results suggest that peak recruitment occurs during seasons of heavy rain, from September to October and from February to April commencing 1h after sunset on the day following a new moon.

High in the sky: the black soldier fly (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) inhabiting the forest canopy in the central Amazon, state of Amazonas, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 483-487
Author(s):  
Matheus Mickael Mota Soares ◽  
Luana Machado Barros ◽  
Rosaly Ale-Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Forest Canopy ◽  
The State ◽  
Forest Area ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Black Soldier Fly ◽  
Hermetia Illucens ◽  
Central Amazon ◽  
First Time

Hermetia illucens (Linnaeus, 1758), the black soldier fly, has been recorded for the first time inhabiting the canopy in a primary forest area in the central Amazon, in the state of Amazonas, Brazil. This record shows that the species is able to colonize environments up to 40 meters high and that the larvae are able to decompose organic matter at different stratification levels.

scholarly journals Fauna of Noctuidae (Lepidoptera: Noctuoidea) in a pasture area in Altamira, Eastern Amazon, Pará, Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 983-990 ◽  
Author(s):  
LP Almeida ◽  
A Specht ◽  
JA Teston
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Entire Period ◽  
Shannon Diversity ◽  
New Moon ◽  
Pasture Area

This study evaluated the nocturnal fauna of Noctuidae in a pasture area in Altamira, Pará. Samples were collected monthly for two nights at the new moon period, from August 2007 to July 2008. We collected a total of 345 specimens (N) of 66 species (S). The most abundant species were Ptichodes basilans (Guenée) (n = 87), Leucania jaliscana (Schaus), Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith) (n = 28) and Argidia palmipes Guenée (n = 21). For the entire period, the following indexes were found: Shannon diversity H′= 3.20 and Brillouin H = 2.94, evenness of Shannon E′= 0.76 and Brillouin E= 0.76, and Berger-Parker dominance BP= 0.252. The greatest diversity was found in the dry season. According to the estimates of species richness, it is possible that between 14 to 72 more species exist in the region.

scholarly journals Biodiversity Pattern of Mosquitoes in Southeastern Senegal, Epidemiological Implication in Arbovirus and Malaria Transmission

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 453-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diawo Diallo ◽  
Cheikh T Diagne ◽  
Michaela Buenemann ◽  
Yamar Ba ◽  
Ibrahima Dia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Forest Canopy ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Species Density ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Mosquito Abundance

Abstract The composition, density, diversity, and temporal distribution of mosquito species and the influence of temperature, relative humidity, and rainfall on these data were investigated in 50 sites across five land cover classes (forest, savannah, barren, village, and agriculture) in southeastern Senegal. Mosquitoes were collected monthly in each site between June 2009 and March 2011, with three people collecting mosquitoes landing on their legs for one to four consecutive days. In total, 81,219 specimens, belonging to 60 species and 7 genera, were collected. The most abundant species were Aedes furcifer (Edwards) (Diptera: Culicidae) (20.7%), Ae. vittatus (Bigot) (19.5%), Ae. dalzieli (Theobald) (14.7%), and Ae. luteocephalus (Newstead) (13.7%). Ae. dalzieli, Ae. furcifer, Ae. vittatus, Ae. luteocephalus, Ae. taylori Edwards, Ae. africanus (Theobald), Ae. minutus (Theobald), Anopheles coustani Laveran, Culex quinquefasciatus Say, and Mansonia uniformis (Theobald) comprised ≥10% of the total collection, in at least one land cover. The lowest species richness and Brillouin diversity index (HB = 1.55) were observed in the forest-canopy. The urban-indoor fauna showed the highest dissimilarity with other land covers and was most similar to the urban-outdoor fauna following Jaccard and Morisita index. Mosquito abundance peaked in June and October 2009 and July and October 2010. The highest species density was recorded in October. The maximum temperature was correlated positively with mean temperature and negatively with rainfall and relative humidity. Rainfall showed a positive correlation with mosquito abundance and species density. These data will be useful for understanding the transmission of arboviruses and human malaria in the region.

The Orchid Bee Communities in different phytophysiognomies in the Atlantic Forest: from lowland to montane rainforests

Sociobiology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willian Moura Aguiar ◽  
Renata Lee dos Santos Medeiros ◽  
Candida Maria Lima Aguiar ◽  
Isaura Gabriela Mendonça Borges
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Orchid Bees ◽  
Orchid Bee ◽  
Euglossa Cordata ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Ombrophilous Forest ◽  
Bee Communities ◽  
Different Altitudes

To investigate species composition, diversity, richness, and monthly abundance of orchid bees in different types of dense rainforest, placed in different altitudes, the orchid bees were collected for 11 months in three vegetation types: dense montane ombrophilous forest (DMOF), dense submontane ombrophilous forest (DSOF, with two sites points), and dense lowland ombrophilous forest (DLOF). Were collected 1,945 males of 20 species using aromatic traps. The DMOF showed the highest species richness (19), and diversity (H’ = 2.42) , whereas the DSOF_1 showed the highest abundance (775). Euglossa cordata (Linnaeus) was the most abundant species in three areas, and Euglossa ignita Smith was the most abundant species in the DSOF_2 . Abiotic factors were correlated with some community parameters. Our study reveals the importance of preserving different phytophysiognomies within the same biome to conserve orchid bees.

scholarly journals Plankton population and physico-chemical properties of a lake of Jahangirnagar University campus, Bangladesh at various lunar rhythms

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-36
Author(s):  
Most Fahima Ahmed Anny ◽  
Ismot Ara
Keyword(s):  
Full Moon ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Lunar Cycle ◽  
Moon Phase ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Free Carbon Dioxide ◽  
New Moon ◽  
Abundant Phytoplankton

Planktonic biomass and physico-chemical properties of water from a lake at Jahangirnagar University, Bangladesh were studied during new moon, first quarter, full moon and last quarter phases from 16th June to 15th July 2015. Twenty four species of phytoplankton belonging to Chlorophyceae, Bacillariophyceae and Euglenophyceae were recorded. Maximum abundance (162-301 unit/l) of Chlorophyceae was recorded in first quarter phase followed by full moon phase (112-224 unit/l), new moon phase (85-222unit/l) and last quarter phase (60-125 unit/l), respectively. Chlorella vulgaris and Biddulphia aurita were the most abundant phytoplankton throughout the lunar period. Among the zooplankton, 5 species of Protozoa, 2 species of Rotifer, 3 species of Cladocera and 1 species of Ostracoda were recorded. Highest zooplankton was recorded in full moon phase (54-105 unit/l) and Daphnia cephalata was the most abundant species throughout the lunar cycle. Physico-chemical parameters indicate that the water temperature, colour, odour and pH were almost similar throughout the lunar cycle, whereas maximum dissolved oxygen (7.16 mg/l) and minimum (4.43 mg/l) were found during the last quarter and the full moon phase, respectively. The highest content of free carbon dioxide (4.36 mg/l) and chloride (22.8 mg/l) were recorded during first quarter and full moon phase accordingly.Jahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 4(2): 31-36, 2015 (December)

scholarly journals The response of bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) to an incidental fire on a gallery forest at a Neotropical savanna

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hernani F. M. de Oliveira ◽  
Ludmilla M.S. Aguiar
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Forest Canopy ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Gallery Forest ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Natural Event ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Distrito Federal ◽  
Over Time

Fire is a common and natural event in Cerrado that can influence the composition of trees and mammals and change the entire conditions of the environment. This study was developed in a gallery forest of Distrito Federal - Brazil. Bat samplings were conducted for a total of six nights after a fire that happened on the gallery forest. Three samplings were conducted: one day, three months and seven months after fire. A total of nine mist nets (12 m x 3 m) were opened from 7pm to 1am. Captured bats were measured and identified to species. Shannon index measured the species diversity of bats in the gallery forest over time. A rarefaction curve was made to assess the estimated bat richness in each of the samplings and a chi-square test was used to check whether there have been changes on bat abundances over time. A total of 46 bats from 8 different species and one family were captured. The most abundant species was Sturnira lilium. Species diversity and abundance increased over time and there was a gradual accumulation of species and specimens indicating that the succession and recovery of the forest occurs due to a temporal addition of specimens and species in the assemblage and not as punctual occurrences. Probably, this recovery pattern reflects a gradual increase in the availability of resources and recovery of the forest canopy, progressively offering more shelter and food for the bat assemblage.

scholarly journals Soluble iron nutrients in Saharan dust over the central Amazon rainforest

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 2673-2687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joana A. Rizzolo ◽  
Cybelli G. G. Barbosa ◽  
Guilherme C. Borillo ◽  
Ana F. L. Godoi ◽  
Rodrigo A. F. Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Canopy ◽  
Saharan Dust ◽  
Amazon Rainforest ◽  
Amazon Forest ◽  
Sahara Desert ◽  
Central Amazon ◽  
Soluble Iron ◽  
Pristine Area ◽  
Sampling Campaign ◽  
Sahel Region

Abstract. The intercontinental transport of aerosols from the Sahara desert plays a significant role in nutrient cycles in the Amazon rainforest, since it carries many types of minerals to these otherwise low-fertility lands. Iron is one of the micronutrients essential for plant growth, and its long-range transport might be an important source for the iron-limited Amazon rainforest. This study assesses the bioavailability of iron Fe(II) and Fe(III) in the particulate matter over the Amazon forest, which was transported from the Sahara desert (for the sake of our discussion, this term also includes the Sahel region). The sampling campaign was carried out above and below the forest canopy at the ATTO site (Amazon Tall Tower Observatory), a near-pristine area in the central Amazon Basin, from March to April 2015. Measurements reached peak concentrations for soluble Fe(III) (48 ng m−3), Fe(II) (16 ng m−3), Na (470 ng m−3), Ca (194 ng m−3), K (65 ng m−3), and Mg (89 ng m−3) during a time period of dust transport from the Sahara, as confirmed by ground-based and satellite remote sensing data and air mass backward trajectories. Dust sampled above the Amazon canopy included primary biological aerosols and other coarse particles up to 12 µm in diameter. Atmospheric transport of weathered Saharan dust, followed by surface deposition, resulted in substantial iron bioavailability across the rainforest canopy. The seasonal deposition of dust, rich in soluble iron, and other minerals is likely to assist both bacteria and fungi within the topsoil and on canopy surfaces, and especially benefit highly bioabsorbent species. In this scenario, Saharan dust can provide essential macronutrients and micronutrients to plant roots, and also directly to plant leaves. The influence of this input on the ecology of the forest canopy and topsoil is discussed, and we argue that this influence would likely be different from that of nutrients from the weathered Amazon bedrock, which otherwise provides the main source of soluble mineral nutrients.

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