Diversity of moths from the urban set-up of Valmiki Nagar, Chennai, India

A study was conducted at Valmiki Nagar, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India to explore its moth diversity from December 2018 to May 2021. This manuscript presents a partial checklist of moths from Valmiki Nagar. Four locations around the colony were studied to record the moth fauna. The study sites were surveyed twice a month using a mercury vapour lamp along with a white sheet, along with over 100 visits at night. Diurnal surveys were conducted bimonthly to observe larval host plants and day flying moths. A total of 135 species were recorded from the study area, belonging to nine superfamilies. The most diverse family of moths recorded was family Erebidae, with 39% of moths recorded in the study belonging to this family, followed by Crambidae (30%), Geometridae (8%), and other families constituting the rest. The moth diversity in the month of July was seen to be the highest. Along with this study, future studies on similar lines will help in documenting the moth diversity of Chennai.

Challenges Faced While Designing Body in White

Construction of Body in White (BiW) revolves around plenty of challenges. Ranging from BiW fixtures to curbing weight of Body in White sheet metal design. This paper discusses about all the design aspects in BiW manufacturing in automobile and confronting challenges that occurs. At present, lots of existing theories are being applied and efforts to improve the same are being made. This paper provides a path on how components can be developed and make necessary improvements. CAE (Computer Aided Engineering) tools have been used for FEA (Finite Element Analysis) and also an example of stress analysis of automotive chassis is given. An outcome depending on behaviour of loads acting on frame is drawn. The importance of hollow tubes, tubes of different- cross sections to counter weight and ease the designing of BiW frame have been proposed. This paper also provides insight on safety parameters with current construction of tubular frame chassis. Other solutions such as hybrid tubes, foam padding and plastic trim have been pointed out in this paper. Keywords: CAE, FEA, manufacturing, loads, tubes, cycle-time, cross-section.

Variability of Nocturnal Insects In Sant Gadge Baba Amravati University Campus, Amravati

The insects are known to be the most successful and diverse animals on earth. Variability of nocturnal insects in Sant Gadge Baba Amravati University campus was recorded by using the light trap method for collection of insect. This trap consists of the light source and a big white sheet. The sheet was hung on the pillars. Insects were attracted to the light source settled on the sheet. The second sheet was also spread on the ground to catch the insect that fall. Collected insect in the killing bottle by beating tray aspirator, and forceps. Lightning hours were set for seven hours. During this study, total 6 orders of species of insects are found are Coleoptera, Lepidoptera, Orthoptera, Hemiptera, Diptera, and Hymenoptera, insects belonging to different families was collected in university campus by using light trapping methods respectively and moderate species diversity were observed. The abundance of species of most night insect in the study area maybe due to the loss of their natural habitat. This may be the virtue of anthropogenic activity such as fragmentation of habitat, replacement of the habitat for humane purpose or may be other due reasons that eventually lead to the decline of species diversity.

Specifics in Children's Drawings with Autism

Background: The peculiarities of sensory perception and perception of one's own body in children with autism are the basis for understanding their cognitive and social development difficulties. Objective: The study aims to structure different categories of drawings of children with autism and compare them with the severity of autism measured by CARS2. Methods: 120 children aged 3 to 9 years were studied (X= 6.26, SD = 3.16). Drawings of autistic children. The children have a white sheet, pencils, a children's drawing table, and the experimenter asks them to draw a person. The children were studied with CARS. 2. Clinical method: includes observation, direct work with the child on each of the topics of the methodology used, interview with parents, diagnostic discussion with the clinical team. Psychodiagnostic method: includes an examination of children with mental developmental stairs, assessment of cognitive, communication, socioemotional and sensorimotor functions. CARS 2 Childhood Autism Rating Scale | Second Edition Statistical. Method: includes data processing using the SPSS programme. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, a frequency distribution of data are used for data analysis. Results: The results show eight main categories of drawings in autistic children: 1. circles, water; 2. patches of colour covering the human figure or representing a human figure without an external boundary; 3. figures and letters; 4. human figures fenced as a bubble, a human figure composed of parts of objects (the elements are not connected); 5. objects with geometric shapes (buildings, roads with markings, apartment blocks, strange shells; 6. road signs, logos. Conclusions: There is no statistical dependence between the severity of autistic symptomatology and the types of drawings. We can draw some conclusions about how a child with autism perceives his own body from the presented results. Because we see that in mild and moderate degrees of autism CARS 2, the whole variety of drawing categories was evaluated, while in severe and very severe degrees of expression of the disorder circles, colourful spots with vague boundaries predominate. Children with autism often identify with non-living objects, street signs, eccentric houses and towers.

Assessing the soil color by traditional method and a smartphone: a comparison

Based on the hypothesis that there is a high agreement between pedologists and a smartphone application in the assessment of soil color; the objective was to compare the perceptions of pedologists and an application in obtaining the color of an Argissolo [Lixisol] (A, E and B horizons). Ten aggregates of each horizon were collected. In a single day, under the same lighting conditions, three pedologists described the color components (hue, value, and chroma) of each aggregate (dry and moist soil) using the Munsell soil color chart. Each one of the ten aggregates, from each horizon, was photographed (dry and moist soil sequence) using the camera of a Motorola Moto G4 Plus smartphone. The distance of the camera to the aggregates was 25 ± 5 cm. Also, each aggregate was placed on a white sheet of A4 size paper (background). The application used was Soil Analysis Pro. The percentage of agreement between pedologists and application was obtained concerning hue, value, and chroma. The data were subjected to analysis of variance, in a completely randomized design, with ten replicates. Action Stat® software was used for statistical analysis. It was concluded that the agreement between pedologists and the smartphone application was medium for hue and chroma and low for value. For the dry soil condition, there is a high agreement between pedologists and the smartphone application, especially in the perception of hue and chroma. Thus, the smartphone application has the potential to be used in routine descriptions of soil color.

RANCANG BANGUN SORTIR DAN HITUNG LEMBAR KERTAS A4 OTOMATIS MENGGUNAKAN SENSOR LDR DAN APLIKASI BLYNK

The sorter and counting process of sheets paper still manually in several companies. So, in this study designed a tool that can automatically sorter and count paper based of paper quality. Paper is said to be suitable for use when there are no stains on a clean white sheet of paper, and on the other hand, the paper is said to be unfit for use when the paper is stained with ink. In this research, the LDR sensor functions as a sorting sensor, the resistance value received on the paper will be calculated. When the LDR captures a light resistance value less than 75, the paper will be categorized as a good paper quality, and vice versa when the LDR captures a light resistance of more than 75, the paper will be categorized as a dirty paper quality. next process the paper will be pushed to each shelf, this process involves a photodiode as a paper counter. When the paper passes through the photodiode, the process will be counted as one cycle or one paper. Furthermore, the paper will be separated into different racks according to the paper quality using the MG955 servo motor. In the servo motor test, the angular movement is 10º for good paper racks and 60º for dirty paper racks. After going through the process, the overall results of the paper data will be sent to NodeMCU ESP8266 and displayed on the blynk application. Keywords: LDR, Photodioda, Motor Servo, NodeMCU ESP8266.

DIGITAL IMAGE QUALITY UNDER DIFFERENT LIGHT CONDITIONS RESEARCH

The article is devoted to the study of digital image quality at different levels of daylight. The quality of the digital image was evaluated by the resolution and contrast of the image in three spectral zones: blue, green and red. The test object for photographing was a white sheet of 594X841mm format with line targets, color scales and an image of an optical step wedge located on it. Line targets were located over the entire area of the sheet, which made it possible to study the image quality over all its area. Digital photography was performed by a NIKON SLR camera and was accompanied by measurements of illumination in the plane of the test object with the measurement of the height of the sun by theodolite. The resolution of the digital camera was measured during the day interval from 3:00 to 22:00. For each hour of shooting resolution was determined by 9 line targets, 8 of which were located on the perimeter of the sheet and one in the center. Spectral profiles on color scales were also obtained for each ur, and the value of contrast on the image of the optical wedge was determined. As a result of the study, an effective daily interval was determined to perform digital shooting from unmanned aircraft for the Moscow region (55°45′07″ W).

An unexpected record of Simothraulopsis Demoulin, 1966 (Ephemeroptera, Leptophlebiidae) in the Paraná Basin, Brazil

We recorded for the first time the occurrence of the mayfly genus Simothraulopsis Demoulin, 1966 in the Paraná Basin. Adults of Simothraulopsis demerara (Traver, 1947) and Simothraulopsis diamantinensis Mariano, 2010 were collected using a white sheet light trap installed on the bank of Iguaçu River, near the falls in Iguaçu National Park, Brazil. These new records significantly expand southwards the distribution of the genus.

Diversity patterns of hawkmoths (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) in the canopy of an ombrophilous forest in Central Amazon, Brazil

ABSTRACT Sphingidae attracted to light were systematically collected in an Amazonian forest canopy. Sampling occurred at a height of 34 m in an upland primary rainforest plateau in the Cueiras River basin, located within the Experimental Station of Tropical Silviculture, Manaus municipality, Amazonas, Brazil. The hawkmoths were collected using a vertical white sheet illuminated by a 250 W mixed mercury light and a 20 W black-light (BLB) fluorescent tube. Monthly collections were carried out from January to December 2004, during three nights of lunar transition from third quarter moon to new moon between 6 p.m. and 6 a.m. We sampled 1748 specimens, represented by 1485 males and 263 females, belonging to 52 species and 21 genera. Xylophanes comprised the highest number of species (seven), followed by Erinnyis, with six species. The most abundant species were Pseudosphinx tetrio (169 specimens), Pachylia darceta (162), Erinnyis ello ello (154), Isognathus excelsior (151) and Callionima parce (139). The species accumulation curve showed that the species richness tended to stabilize by the eighth month. We also observed that species composition altered significantly throughout the night period. All presented hawkmoth records are new for the canopy in the central Amazon.