scholarly journals Prevalence and knowledge of urinary incontinence and possibilities of treatment among low-income working women

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 151-159
Author(s):  
Amabily Carolline Zago ◽  
Maria Angelica Saquete Fambrini ◽  
Elaine Priscila Garcia Silva ◽  
Alberto De Vitta ◽  
Marta Helena Souza De Conti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Health Knowledge ◽  
Working Women ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cesarean Section Delivery ◽  
Low Income Population ◽  
Women's Lives

Abstract Introduction: Urinary incontinence (UI) can affect women's lives in all areas, including in the occupational context, due to an uncomfortable workplace, incorrect positions for long periods of time and the handling of heavy items. Another worrying aspect is that the knowledge about urinary incontinence, in the health area, and its forms of treatment is still small among the low-income population. Objective: To verify the prevalence and knowledge about urinary incontinence and treatment possibilities among low-income working women. Methods: A cross-sectional study carried out on working women of a poultry processing plant. Results: The study included 136 women with an average age of 33.7 ± 9.7 years; body mass index of 26.6 ± 5.6 kg/m2; parity of 2.1 ± 1.1 children; monthly income of 2.3 ± 1 minimum wages. Of those interviewed, 63.9% were white; 44.8% had incomplete primary education; 52.9% were single; 53.6% underwent cesarean section delivery; and of those who underwent normal labor delivery, 86.6% underwent episiotomy. The prevalence of urinary incontinence was found to be 2.9%, and among the women affected, two reported that UI led to sexual, social, water and occupational restriction, and one of them believes that UI interferes with her concentration and productivity in the workplace. Regarding health knowledge, 46.3% had never heard of urinary incontinence before, and more than half (66.1%) did not know about the existence of medical treatment. All women interviewed (100%) were unaware of the existence of physiotherapeutic treatment. Conclusion: The prevalence of urinary incontinence was among those interviewed was small, however, the knowledge about the symptoms and possibilities of medical, and mainly physiotherapeutic treatment. is scarce among these women. This study allows to alert and to guide the health professionals and the society about the importance of actions that promote health education in the low income population, besides allowing these women to prevent or seek the appropriate treatment in order to guarantee a better quality of life.

Role of school as supportive entity for positive oral health behaviour of adolescents in south-western Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Folake Barakat Lawal ◽  
Gbemisola Aderemi Oke
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Health Behaviour ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Health Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Oral Health Education ◽  
Oral Health Behaviour

Abstract Background The school is primed as an avenue for promoting health among adolescents. Conversely, the high unmet dental needs among school-going adolescents raises concern about the role of schools in this task. This study therefore assessed the role of schools in promoting positive oral health behaviour among adolescents through Capabilities, Opportunities, Motivation (COM-B) model in a Low-Income-Country.Methods Two thousand and ninety-seven students aged 12-18 years were recruited from 30 randomly selected Secondary Schools in a cross sectional study conducted in Ibadan, Nigeria. Data on Capabilities; Oral Health Knowledge (K), Attitude (A), Practices (P) and Motivation of the students as well as oral health promotional (OHP) activities (Opportunities) in the schools were assessed through a questionnaire. A checklist was used to assess availability of OHP materials and the schools’ tuck shops for sale of healthy food (Opportunities). Data were analyzed with STATA version 14.Results The mean KAP score was 43.8 (± 11.4)%. Oral health education was the only activity reported and this was in 8 (26.7%) schools; only 331 (15.8%) students had been educated about their oral health. There were no oral health promotional materials in the schools. About half 1161 (55.4%) were motivated to participate in school oral health program. All the tucks shops had cariogenic foods and drinks for sale. Students who had better KAP scores - Capabilities (OR = 1.2, 95%CI = 1.0-1.5, p = 0.018) or had been educated about oral health - Opportunities (OR = 1.5, 95%CI = 1.2-2.0, p < 0.001) were better motivated about their oral health.Conclusion The schools surveyed played very little or no role to support positive oral health behavior of adolescents. There were no OHP materials in the schools. Students who had superior oral health KAP (capabilities) or had been exposed to oral health education (opportunities) were better motivated about their oral health.

scholarly journals Trends in social inequalities in breastfeeding and infant formulas in Latin American countries between the 1990 and 2010 decades

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Camila S Ferreira ◽  
Catarina M Azeredo ◽  
Ana Elisa M Rinaldi
Keyword(s):  
Dominican Republic ◽  
Social Inequality ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Weighted Least Squares ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Simultaneous Decrease

Abstract Objective: To analyse trends of social inequality in breastfeeding and infant formula (IF) use in Latin America between 1990 and 2010 decades. Design: Time-series cross-sectional study with data from Demographic and Health Surveys. We described the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF), breastfeeding between 6 and 12 months (BF6-12) and IF for infants under 6 months (IF < 6) and between 6 and 12 months (IF6-12). Social inequalities were assessed using the slope index of inequality (SII) and concentration index (CIX). Trends in the prevalence of breastfeeding, IF and index of social inequality were analysed by a linear regression model with weighted least squares variance. Setting: Bolivia, Colombia, Dominican Republic, Guatemala, Haiti and Peru. Participants: 51·358 alive infants younger than 12 months. Results: Five countries showed an increasing trend for EBF and BF6-12, four increased for IF < 6 and six for IF6-12. Simultaneous decrease in IF < 6 (Colombia: −0·3/year; Haiti: −0·02/year) and increase in EBF (Colombia: +2·0/year; Haiti: +1·9/year) were observed only in two countries. EBF prevalence was high in the lowest income quintiles in five countries, and IF prevalence was high in the highest income quintiles in all countries and over the decades. For BF6-12, a decrease in inequality (prevalence increased in the highest quintile) was observed in Guatemala (SII1995 = −0·42; SII2015 = −0·28) and the Dominican Republic (SII1996 = −0·54; SII2013 = −0·26). Guatemala was the only country showing a decrease in inequality for BF (SII = −0·005; CIX = −0·0035) and an increase for IF (SII = 0·022; CIX = 0·01). Conclusions: The inequality in BF and IF remained over time. However, inequality in IF < 6 has decreased because low-income infants have increased use and high-income infants have decreased.

Self perceived oro-facial behaviour and malocclusion among young adults in Hyderabad city

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dasari Tejaswini ◽  
Suhas Kulkarni ◽  
Dolar Doshi ◽  
Adepu Srilatha
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Health Knowledge ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Impact

AbstractBackgroundAesthetic alterations in the face can be self-perceived and can affect quality of life in young adults.ObjectiveTo assess the impact of malocclusion on self- perceived oro-facial behaviour among young adults.MethodsA Cross sectional study was conducted among 638 young adults (aged 18–21 years) of Hyderabad city. One college from each of the five zones of the Hyderabad city (five colleges) were selected by simple random sampling procedure. A 21-item Oro-facial investment scale (OFIS) questionnaire assessing self-perceived oral health knowledge, attitude, practice and Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) assessing the severity of malocclusion was used. Data were analysed with standard statistical software (SPSS, Statistical package for the social sciences, version 20.0). p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsMales had higher mean scores for knowledge (2.90 ± 0.49) than females (2.73 ± 0.82) and was statistically significant (p = 0.002*). No statistically significant gender differences were found in relation to attitude and practice. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that there was a significant difference in all the three scores (knowledge, attitude, practice) with respect to age, with significantly high score for knowledge and practice among 18 year old subjects (p = 0.0001*; p = 0.0003* respectively) and attitude among 21 year old subjects (p = 0.0049*). No statistically significant age, gender differences were found in relation to DAI scores. Upon correlation, DAI significantly and positively correlated with knowledge (p = 0.03*) and attitude (p = 0.0001*).ConclusionThis study has shown significant impact of malocclusion on the self-perceived oro-facial behaviour.

scholarly journals Acceptance of a COVID-19 Vaccine in Japan during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 210
Author(s):  
Masaki Machida ◽  
Itaru Nakamura ◽  
Takako Kojima ◽  
Reiko Saito ◽  
Tomoki Nakaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Internet Survey ◽  
Protective Measure ◽  
Attitudes And Beliefs ◽  
Perceived Effectiveness ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vaccine Acceptance

Vaccination could be a key protective measure against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and it is important to understand the acceptability of the COVID-19 vaccine among the general public. However, there is no study on the acceptance of a COVID-19 vaccine in Japan. Therefore, this study aimed to describe the COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and hesitancy situation in Japan and assess the factors associated with such issues. This was a cross-sectional study based on an internet survey completed by 2956 people. Participants were asked to indicate how likely they were to get vaccinated for COVID-19. In addition, the participants responded to questions regarding sociodemographic factors, attitudes, and beliefs regarding COVID-19 infection and vaccination. The proportion of participants with a high likelihood of getting a COVID-19 vaccine was 62.1%. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that vaccine acceptance was lower among several sociodemographic groups, such as women, adults aged 20–49 years, and those with a low-income level. Several psychological factors, especially the perceived effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccine, and willingness to protect others by getting oneself vaccinated, were associated with vaccine acceptance. Our results indicate that the perceived effectiveness of the vaccine and willingness to protect others may play an important role in the acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine.

scholarly journals School-Time Movement Behaviors and Fundamental Movement Skills in Preschoolers: An Isotemporal Reallocation Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 003151252110131
Author(s):  
Clarice Maria de Lucena Martins ◽  
Cain Craig Truman Clark ◽  
Rafael Miranda Tassitano ◽  
Anastácio Neco de Souza Filho ◽  
Anelise Reis Gaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Compositional Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Movement Skills ◽  
School Time ◽  
Fundamental Movement Skills ◽  
Time Movement

Little is known of how reallocations of time spent in different movement behaviors during preschool might relate to preschoolers’ fundamental movement skills (FMS), a key predictor of later physical activity (PA). Thus, the aim of this study was to examine (a) whether preschoolers’ school-time movement was associated with their FMS and (b) the effects on FMS of reallocating time between PA and sedentary behavior (SB). This was a cross-sectional study, using intervention data with Brazilian low-income preschoolers. We observed Brazilian preschoolers of both sexes ( Mage = 4.5, SD = 0.8 years-old; 101boys) over 10 hours of school-time and objectively assessed their PA and SB with Actigraph wGT3X and their FMS with the Test of Gross Motor Development – Second Edition. We explored the associations between school-time movement behaviors and FMS and between reallocated school-time movement behaviors and FES using compositional analysis in R (version 1.40-1), robCompositions (version 0.92-7), and lmtest (version 0.9-35) packages. This isotemporal reallocation showed that, for manipulative skills, reallocating time (5, 10, and 15 minutes, respectively) from light PA to SB was associated with increasing skill (0.14, 0.28, and 0.42 FMS units), raising questions as to whether fine motor activity occurred during SB. Thus, school-time movement significantly predicted FMS, with a modest increase in SB, at the expense of light PA eliciting improved manipulative skills.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of hepatitis E virus in risk populations and blood donors in a referral hospital in the south of Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marisa Boff Costa ◽  
Michele Soares Gomes Gouvêa ◽  
Samira Chuffi ◽  
Gustavo Hirata Dellavia ◽  
Felipe Ornel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Confirmatory Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Populations At Risk

AbstractThe prevalence of anti-hepatitis E virus (HEV) antibodies has a high heterogeneity worldwide. South American data are still scarce. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of HEV in populations at risk in comparison to blood donors (BD). A cross-sectional study was carried out in adults of different risk populations including crack users (CK), residents in a low income area (LIA), cirrhotic (CIR) and liver transplant patients (LT) compared with BD. The WANTAI HEV ELISA test was used and real-time PCR (in-house for screening and ALTONA as confirmatory test) for HEV RNA screening. A total of 400 participants were included. Anti-HEV IgG was positive in 19.5% of the total sample, reaching the highest rate in the CIR group, 22.5%, followed by CK, LT, and LIA (20%, 18.7%, and 17.5%, respectively). The prevalence found in BD individuals was of 18.7% (p = NS). Anti-HEV IgM was positive in only 1.5% of the sample (6/400). No blood or stools samples were positive for HEV RNA. The seroprevalence reported is among the highest rates ever found in Brazil. Considering the intense diagnostic investigation, data show that HEV circulation is more common that might be expected in our country.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document