scholarly journals ROOT MORPHOLOGY AND NUTRIENT UPTAKE KINETICS BY AUSTRALIAN CEDAR CLONES

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
RAQUEL OLIVEIRA BATISTA ◽  
ANTONIO EDUARDO FURTINI NETO ◽  
SOAMI FERNANDA CAIO DECCETTI ◽  
CASSIANO SILVA VIANA
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Root Morphology ◽  
System Development ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Uptake Efficiency ◽  
Root System Development ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Kinetics Of

ABSTRACT: Evaluation of root morphology and kinetic parameters assist in the characterization of genotypes in nutrient uptake efficiency. This study characterized Australian cedar clones concerning their nutrient uptake capacity at the seedling stage through root morphology and the kinetics of P, K, Ca, and Mg uptake. The experiment was conducted using a nutrient solution in a greenhouse and growth chamber. Four Australian cedar clones (HE, XF, XD, and XE), provided by Bela Forest View (Empresa Florestal Bela Vista), were tested using a completely randomized design with five repetitions, totaling 20 experimental plots. The length, volume, surface area, average diameter, and root length per diameter class, as well as the uptake parameters Vmax, Km, Cmin, and the estimated inflow of P, K, Ca, and Mg, were determined. The root morphological characteristics varied between Australian cedar clones; clone XD exhibited the largest root system development. The uptake efficiency of P, K, Ca, and Mg varied between cedar Australian clones. When availability differed, clones XE and XF exhibited greater plasticity in the uptake of P and K respectively, and similar results were found for clone HE in the uptake of Ca and Mg.

The Effect of Salinity on Root Architecture in Forage Pea (Pisum sativum ssp. arvense L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Acikbas ◽  
M.A. Ozyazici ◽  
H. Bektas
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Root Architecture ◽  
System Development ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Legume Crop ◽  
Root System Development ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Root And Shoot Biomass

Background: Plants face different abiotic stresses such as salinity that affect their normal development, growth and survival. Forage pea is an important legume crop for herbage production in ruminants. Its agronomy requires high levels of irrigation and fertilization. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of salinity on seedling root system development in forage pea under semi-hydroponics conditions.Methods: Different treatment of NaCl doses (0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250 and 300 mM) on root architecture was investigated in two different forage pea cultivars (Livioletta and Ulubatlý) with contrasting root structures under controlled conditions. The experimental design was completely randomized design with three replications and nine plants per replication.Result: Salinity affects root and shoot development differently on these cultivars. Despite the salinity, Livioletta produced more shoot (0.71 g) and root biomass (0.30 g) compared to Ulubatlý (0.52 g and 0.25 g for Root and Shoot biomass, respectively) at 150 mM and all other salinity levels. Livioletta developed a better root system and tolerated salt to a higher dose than Ulubatlý. Understanding root system responses of forage pea cultivars may allow breeding and selecting salinity tolerant cultivars with better rooting potential.

scholarly journals CHARACTERIZATION OF EGGPLANT ENDOPHYTE BACTERIA AND RHIZOBACTERIA AS WELL AS THEIR ANTAGONISTIC ABILITY AGAINST Ralstonia solanacearum

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-156
Author(s):  
Larasati Puspita Saridewi ◽  
Nur Prihatiningsih ◽  
Heru Adi Djatmiko
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
In Vitro Test ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
Glucose Agar ◽  
Vitro Test

Characterization of eggplant endophyte bacteria and rhizobacteria as well as their antagonistic ability against Ralstonia solanacearum. Bacterial wilt caused by Ralsonia solanacearum is one of important diseases causing severe loses in eggplant production. Various strategies were used to manage bacterial wilt, including planting resistant varieties, soil amandement, and soil solarization. However, management of R. solanacearum in eggplant by using endophytic bacteria and rhizobacteria were not been done that much. The objective of this study was to: (1) characterization of endophytic and rhizobacteria; (2) determines the inhibition ability of endophytic and rhizobacteria isolates against R. solanacearum pathogen on eggplant. The laboratory experiment was arranged in completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 5 replications. The double layer method using yeast peptone glucose agar (YPGA) medium was used in vitro test. Based on the morphological characteristics these isolates were suspected as a member of genus Bacillus. Among the isolates used in this study, TK isolate showed the best capability to inhibit growth of R. solanacearum.

scholarly journals Exponential fertilization of Pinus monticola seedlings: nutrient uptake efficiency, leaching fractions, and early outplanting performance

2005 ◽  
Vol 35 (12) ◽  
pp. 2961-2967 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Kasten Dumroese ◽  
Deborah S Page-Dumroese ◽  
K Francis Salifu ◽  
Douglass F Jacobs
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
First Year ◽  
Pinus Monticola ◽  
Uptake Efficiency ◽  
Greenhouse Culture ◽  
Exponential Fertilization ◽  
Nutrient Uptake Efficiency

We evaluated nutrient uptake efficiency and subsequent leaching fractions for western white pine (Pinus monticola Dougl. ex D. Don) seedlings grown with exponentially increasing or conventional (constant) fertilization in a greenhouse. Conventional fertilization was associated with higher leachate electrical conductivity and greater nutrient losses, which were more pronounced for the more mobile NO3-N than for NH4-N. Exponential fertilization increased seedling nitrogen (N) uptake efficiency (75%), which helped reduce leaching losses compared to conventional fertilization (50%). Although exponentially fertilized plants received 45% less fertilizer (20 mg N·plant–1) during the establishment and accelerated growth phases compared with conventional cohorts (36 mg N·plant–1), seedling morphological characteristics and nutrient status were similar at the end of greenhouse culture and after 2 years of growth in the field, except that exponential fertilization increased root volume after the first year and also increased ectomycorrhizal colonization. Reduction of applied fertilizer quantities and enhanced fertilizer uptake efficiency through exponential fertilization allows for production of high-quality seedlings while simultaneously minimizing fertilizer inputs and mitigating potential environmental contamination.

scholarly journals Growth Kinetics and Mechanistic Action of Reactive Oxygen Species Released by Silver Nanoparticles fromAspergillus nigeronEscherichia coli

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shivaraj Ninganagouda ◽  
Vandana Rathod ◽  
Dattu Singh ◽  
Jyoti Hiremath ◽  
Ashish Kumar Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Growth Kinetics ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Radical Generation ◽  
Bacterial Growth Inhibition ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Silver Bullet

Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs), the real silver bullet, are known to have good antibacterial properties against pathogenic microorganisms. In the present study AgNPs were prepared from extracellular filtrate ofAspergillus niger. Characterization of AgNPs by UV-Vis spectrum reveals specific surface plasmon resonance at peak 416 nm; TEM photographs revealed the size of the AgNPs to be 20–55 nm. Average diameter of the produced AgNPs was found to be 73 nm with a zeta potential that was −24 mV using Malvern Zetasizer. SEM micrographs showed AgNPs to be spherical with smooth morphology. EDS revealed the presence of pure metallic AgNPs along with carbon and oxygen signatures. Of the different concentrations (0, 2.5, 5, 10, and 15 μg/mL) used 10 μg/mL were sufficient to inhibit 107 CFU/mL ofE. coli. ROS production was measured using DCFH-DA method and the the free radical generation effect of AgNPs on bacterial growth inhibition was investigated by ESR spectroscopy. This paper not only deals with the damage inflicted on microorganisms by AgNPs but also induces cell death through the production of ROS released by AgNPs and also growth kinetics ofE. colisupplemented with AgNPs produced byA. niger.

Morphology and fractal dimension of root systems of maize hybrids bearing the leafy trait

2003 ◽  
Vol 81 (7) ◽  
pp. 706-713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Costa ◽  
Lianne M Dwyer ◽  
Pierre Dutilleul ◽  
Kayhan Foroutan-pour ◽  
Aiguo Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Fractal Dimension ◽  
Root Morphology ◽  
Growth Models ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Root Systems ◽  
Root Characteristics ◽  
Root Branching ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Normal Stature

A rapid and accurate assessment of root morphological characteristics can be important for identifying promising plant genotypes. Scanner-based image analysis has made the measurement of root morphology faster, more accurate, and less subjective, and allows for estimation of fractal dimension (FD). We used scanner-based image analysis to investigate root morphology in leafy vs. conventional maize (Zea mays) genotypes. Two experiments were conducted following a completely randomized design with ten and five replicates. In the first experiment, treatments were factorial combinations of four hybrids (leafy reduced-stature (LRS), non leafy-reduced stature (NLRS), leafy normal stature (LNS), and non leafy normal stature (conventional commercial) hybrid, Pioneer 3979 (P3979)), and four sampling dates (5, 10, 15, and 20 days from transfer to growth pouches). In the second experiment, plants were grown for 15 days from emergence in 10-L plastic pots. This experiment included three maize genotypes (LRS, LNS, and Pioneer 3905 (P3905)). The FD of young root systems was similar for leafy genotypes (FD [Formula: see text] 1.66) and was higher for P3905 (FD [Formula: see text] 1.74). The FD correlated with root characteristics generally included in root growth models (0.68 [Formula: see text] r [Formula: see text] 0.87). Thus, FD could be used to summarize a number of root morphology variables.Key words: root morphology, fractal dimension, root branching, image analysis, maize.

Irradiation behavior of pyrolytic silicon carbide

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 72-73
Author(s):  
R. J. Lauf
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Carbide ◽  
Fission Products ◽  
Thermodynamics And Kinetics ◽  
Neutron Fluences ◽  
Fuel Particles ◽  
Sic Coatings ◽  
Irradiation Behavior ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Htgr Fuel

Fuel particles for the High-Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactor (HTGR) contain a layer of pyrolytic silicon carbide to act as a miniature pressure vessel and primary fission product barrier. Optimization of the SiC with respect to fuel performance involves four areas of study: (a) characterization of as-deposited SiC coatings; (b) thermodynamics and kinetics of chemical reactions between SiC and fission products; (c) irradiation behavior of SiC in the absence of fission products; and (d) combined effects of irradiation and fission products. This paper reports the behavior of SiC deposited on inert microspheres and irradiated to fast neutron fluences typical of HTGR fuel at end-of-life.

Biopolymers with Medical Applications Optimized method for obtaining chitosan-based delivery systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (7) ◽  
pp. 1756-1759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luminita Confederat ◽  
Iuliana Motrescu ◽  
Sandra Constantin ◽  
Florentina Lupascu ◽  
Lenuta Profire
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Polymeric Systems ◽  
Chitosan Microparticles ◽  
Degree Of Swelling

The aim of this study was to optimize the method used for obtaining microparticles based on chitosan � a biocompatible, biodegradable, and nontoxic polymer, and to characterize the developed systems. Chitosan microparticles, as drug delivery systems were obtained by inotropic gelation method using pentasodiumtripolyphosphate (TPP) as cross-linking agent. Chitosan with low molecular weight (CSLMW) in concentration which ranged between 0.5 and 5 %, was used while the concentration of cross-linking agent ranged between 1 and 5%. The characterization of the microparticles in terms of shape, uniformity and adhesion was performed in solution and dried state. The size of the microparticles and the degree of swelling were also determined. The structure and the morphology of the developed polymeric systems were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).The average diameter of the chitosan microparticles was around 522 �m. The most stable microparticles were obtained using CSLMW 1% and TPP 2% or CSLMW 0.75%and TPP 1%. The micropaticles were spherical, uniform and without flattening. Using CSLMW in concentration of 0.5 % poorly cross-linked and crushed microparticles have been obtained at all TPP concentrations. By optimization of the method, stable chitosan-based micropaticles were obtained which will be used to develop controlled release systems for drug delivery.

Isolasi Dan Karakterisasi Bentonit Alam Menjadi Nanopartikel Monmorillonit

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaimahwati Zaimahwati ◽  
Yuniati Yuniati ◽  
Ramzi Jalal ◽  
Syahman Zhafiri ◽  
Yuli Yetri
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Particle Size Analyzer ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Sedimentation Processes

<p>Pada penelitian ini telah dilakukan isolasi dan karakterisasi bentonit alam menjadi nanopartikel montmorillonit. Bentonit alam yang digunakan diambil dari desa Blangdalam, Kecamatan Nisam Kabupaten Aceh Utara.  Proses isolasi meliputi proses pelarutan dengan aquades, ultrasonic dan proses sedimentasi. Untuk mengetahui karakterisasi montmorillonit dilakukan uji FT-IR, X-RD dan uji morfologi permukaan dengan Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Partikel size analyzer untuk menganalisis dan menentukan ukuran nanopartikel dari isolasi bentonit alam. Dari hasil penelitian didapat ukuran nanopartikel montmorillonit hasil isolasi dari bentonit alam diperoleh berdiameter rata-rata 82,15 nm.</p><p><em>In this research we have isolated and characterized natural bentonite into montmorillonite nanoparticles. Natural bentonite used was taken from Blangdalam village, Nisam sub-district, North Aceh district. The isolation process includes dissolving process with aquades, ultrasonic and sedimentation processes.  The characterization of montmorillonite, FT-IR, X-RD and surface morphology test by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Particle size analyzer to analyze and determine the size of nanoparticles from natural bentonite insulation. From the research results obtained the size of montmorillonite nanoparticles isolated from natural bentonite obtained an average diameter of 82.15 nm.</em></p>

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