scholarly journals OVERWEIGHT AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS WITH PHENYLKETONURIA: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Berilany dos Santos Sena ◽  
Maria Izabel Siqueira de Andrade ◽  
Ana Paula Ferreira da Silva ◽  
Keila Fernandes Dourado ◽  
Andressa Laís Ferreira Silva
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Overweight Child ◽  
Nutritional Disorder ◽  
Data Synthesis ◽  
Healthy Eating Habits ◽  
Nutritional Disturbances ◽  
Regular Practice

ABSTRACT Objective: To verify the occurrence of overweight in children and adolescents with phenylketonuria and to identify possible causal factors. Data sources: A systematic review was performed in the SciELO, PubMed and VHL databases using the descriptors “Phenylketonurias”, “Overweight”, “Child” and “Adolescent”. Original articles conducted with children and adolescents, published between 2008 and 2018 in Portuguese, English or Spanish languages were included. Data synthesis: A total of 16 articles were identified and, after screening procedures, 6 studies were selected for the review. Overweight in children and adolescents with phenylketonuria was a frequent occurence in the studies included in this review, ranging from 7.8 to 32.6%. The female sex was the most affected by the nutritional disorder. Furthermore, a high caloric intake combined with a lack of stimuli to practice physical activities were main factors associated with the excessive weight in the population of interest. Conclusions: Excess weight can be considered a common outcome in children and adolescents with phenylketonuria. It is mainly caused by inadequate food consumption and sedentary lifestyle. The importance of early identification of nutritional disturbances in children and adolescents with phenylketonuria should be emphasized, in order to prevent associated chronic diseases and to promote health by encouraging continued healthy eating habits and the regular practice of physical exercises.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Interventions to Promote Healthy Eating Habits in Children and Adolescents at Risk of Poverty: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1891
Author(s):  
Rosario Pastor ◽  
Josep A. Tur
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Mesh Terms ◽  
Healthy Eating Habits

The objective of this review was to provide an up-to-date review of trials that include behavioral intervention on the eating habits of children and adolescents at risk of poverty, applying meta-analysis to estimate the size of the intervention effect. A systematic literature search was performed in the following databases: MEDLINE via Pubmed and via EBSCOhost, LILACS and IBECS via VHL. The MeSH terms were used: “social class”, “poverty”, “diet”, “health promotion” (PROSPERO ID: 183900). A total of 14 articles were finally included in this systematic review. The primary results of the included studies were meta-analyzed with the RevMan 5.3 program, assuming a random effects model. Analysis of the overall effect showed combined standardized mean differences (SMD) of 0.16 (CI 95%: [0.03, 0.30], I2 = 76%). The p-value for the Z statistic was 0.02, which reflects accuracy in the effect estimation. When establishing subgroups based on the intervention tracking time points, studies that provided longer-term follow-up data showed a combined SMD of 0.15 (CI 95%: [−0.02, 0.32], I2 = 81%]). Small effects of behavioral interventions were found to promote healthy eating habits, but better effects were shown in cases where the invention was followed up in the long term.

scholarly journals Prevalence of overweight and obesity in Brazilian children and adolescents: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreia Pelegrini ◽  
Mateus Augusto Bim ◽  
Fernanda Ulsula de Souza ◽  
Karoline Sisnandes da Silva Kilim ◽  
André de Araújo Pinto
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Skin Color ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
World Health ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Brazilian Children

abstract It is important to know about overweight and obesity situation of Brazilian children and adolescents. The present study aims to update scientific production, through a systematic review, on the prevalence and factors associated with overweight and obesity in Brazilian children and adolescents. Nine databases were verified, and 1,316 references were examined from 2018 to 2019. The electronic search was conducted by three independent researchers. All review steps followed a strategy based on PRISMA. 40 studies were included in this systematic review. Most studies use the World Health Organization classification criteria. The prevalence of overweight in Brazilian children and adolescents varies from 8.8% to 22.2% (boys: 6.2% to 21%; girls: 6.9% to 27.6%). The prevalence of obesity varied from 3.8% to 24% (boys: 2.4% to 28.9%; girls: 1.6% to 19.4%). It was observed that the socioeconomic factors (sex, skin color, economic level, region, mother's educational level, living in a rented house and without access to the internet), hereditary/genetic (family history of dyslipidemia and overweight and rs9939609 genotype) and behavioral (physical activity, screen time, eating habits, perceived body weight, health vulnerability, presence of a result close to home, alcoholic beverages, cigarette consumption) were associated with the outcome. It is concluded that the prevalence of overweight and obesity among Brazilian children and adolescents are worrisome and most of the factors associated with the outcomes are subject to change from the adoption of a healthy lifestyle.

scholarly journals Assessing food and nutrition literacy in children and adolescents: a systematic review of existing tools

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Nicholas Carroll ◽  
Maude Perreault ◽  
David WL Ma ◽  
Jess Haines
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Food Label ◽  
Specific Criterion ◽  
Food Literacy ◽  
Cosmin Checklist

Abstract Objective: Food literacy (FL) and nutrition literacy (NL) are concepts that can help individuals to navigate the current food environment. Building these skills and knowledge at a young age is important for skill retention, confidence in food practices and supporting lifelong healthy eating habits. The objectives of this systematic review were to: (i) identify existing tools that measure FL and NL among children and/or adolescents and (ii) describe the psychometric properties. Design: A 4-phase protocol was used to systematically retrieve articles. The search was performed in May 2021. Study characteristics and psychometric properties were extracted, and a narrative synthesis was used to summarise findings. Risk of bias was assessed using the COSMIN checklist. Setting: Six databases were searched to identify current tools. Participants: Children (2–12 years) and adolescents (13–18 years) participated in this study. Results: Twelve tools were identified. Three tools measured FL, 1 tool measured NL, 4 tools measured both FL and NL, and 4 tools measured subareas of NL—more specifically, critical NL, food label and menu board literacy. Most tools were self-reported, developed based on a theoretical framework and assessed some components of validity and/or reliability for a specific age and ethnic group. The majority of tools targeted older children and adolescents (9–18 years of age), and one tool targeted preschoolers (3–6 years of age). Conclusions: Most widely used definitions of FL and NL do not acknowledge life-stage specific criterion. Continued efforts are needed to develop a comprehensive definition and framework of FL and NL appropriate for children, which will help inform future assessment tools.

scholarly journals Sociocultural factors related to the physical activity in boys and girls

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciano Antonacci Condessa ◽  
Otaviana Cardoso Chaves ◽  
Fernanda Marcelina Silva ◽  
Deborah Carvalho Malta ◽  
Waleska Teixeira Caiaffa
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Elementary Education ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Sociocultural Factors ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Maternal Schooling ◽  
Healthy Eating Habits ◽  
Regular Practice

OBJECTIVE: To verify in male and female Brazilian adolescents the association of demographic, psychosocial, behavioral and sociocultural characteristics with the regular practice of physical activity. METHODS: The sample consisted of 109,104 adolescents from all Brazilian states attending the 9th year of elementary education in 2012. The response variable was the regular practice of physical activity (300+ minutes/week). The explanatory variables were grouped into four fields: demographic, psychosocial, behavioral and sociocultural. The Poisson regression was stratified by sex to evaluate the association. RESULTS: The prevalence of active adolescents was 20.2%, higher in boys (27.9%) than in girls (13.1%). It was observed a greater practice of physical activity in boys of lower age group, children of mothers with higher schooling, who consumed healthy foods such as beans, fruits, vegetables, and milk, as well as among those with family supervision. At the same time, unhealthy habits such as insomnia and alcohol consumption were also positively associated with physical activity. In girls, greater physical activity was observed among those who lived with mothers and whose mothers had higher schooling. In addition to family supervision, the practice of physical activity in girls was also positively associated with the frequency of meals with their parents. However, as in boys, insomnia and alcohol consumption were associated with an increase in the practice of physical activity. CONCLUSIONS: One-fifth of adolescents practice physical activity regularly, demonstrating the need for specific public policies to increase the percentage of active young people in the country. Maternal schooling, healthy eating habits and family supervision were associated with regular physical activity in boys and girls, evidencing the importance of the family for the acquisition of healthy habits in this age group.

scholarly journals Phytosterol supplementation in the treatment of dyslipidemia in children and adolescents: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luisa Montone Mantovani ◽  
Camila Pugliese
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Data Synthesis ◽  
Good Tolerance ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Long Term Effect

ABSTRACT Objective: To carry out a systematic review on the effects of phytosterol supplementation on the treatment of dyslipidemia in children and adolescents. Data sources: Review in the SciELO, Lilacs, Bireme, PubMed and Web of Science databases, with no time limit. Descriptors: phytosterols or plant sterols and dyslipidemias, hypercholesterolemia, cholesterol, children, adolescent, in English and Portuguese. The articles included were published in Portuguese, English or Spanish and evaluated the effect of phytosterol supplementation in pediatric patients with dyslipidemia. Documents that involved adults or animals, review papers, case studies and abstracts were excluded. Two authors performed independent extraction of articles. Of 113 abstracts, 19 were read in full and 12 were used in this manuscript. Data synthesis: Phytosterol supplementation to reduce cholesterol levels has been shown to be effective in reducing LDL-cholesterol levels by approximately 10%, with reductions above 10% in LDL-cholesterol levels observed after 8 to 12 weeks of intervention. Studies have not shown significant changes in HDL-cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Based on the absence of adverse effects, its use seems to be safe and of good tolerance in children and adolescents. Conclusions: Phytosterol supplementation seems to be of great therapeutic aid for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia in children and adolescents. Further studies assessing the long-term effect of phytosterol supplementation are necessary.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Interventions Based on Social Marketing Theory in Promoting Healthy Eating Habits: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-143
Author(s):  
Vahid Ranaei ◽  
Sakineh Dadipoor ◽  
Hossain Davoodi ◽  
Teamur Aghamolaei ◽  
Zahra Pilevar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Social Marketing ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Marketing Theory ◽  
Healthy Eating Habits ◽  
Social Marketing Theory

scholarly journals Therapeutic interventions in children and adolescents with patellar tendon related pain: a systematic review

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. e000383 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Cairns ◽  
Timothy Owen ◽  
Stefan Kluzek ◽  
Neal Thurley ◽  
Sinead Holden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Usual Care ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Patellar Tendon ◽  
Local Anaesthetic ◽  
Patellar Tendinopathy ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Data Synthesis ◽  
Related Disorder ◽  
Persistent Symptoms

ObjectiveEvaluate effectiveness and harms of interventions for patellar tendon related pain in children and adolescents.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesMedline via Pubmed, Embase via OVID, CINAHL via Ebsco, SportDiscus up until 24 November 2017 were searched.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesInclusion criteria were (1) controlled or randomised controlled clinical trials (RCTs), (2) participants with diagnosis of patellar tendon related disorder, (3) participants≤18 years of age at enrolment and (4) published in a peer-reviewed English or Scandinavian language journal.ResultsOf 530 studies identified, eight were included after screening, with three included in data synthesis. To be included in data synthesis, we required studies to have included (and have data available for) a minimum of 10 participants under 18 years. All studies were rated as being at high risk of bias. For adolescents with patellar tendinopathy, one RCT compared eccentric exercises to usual care and found no difference between groups. In adolescents with Osgood-Schlatter disease (OSD), injection of local anaesthetic with dextrose proved superior to either usual care or local anaesthetic alone (three armed RCTs). In a retrospective case controlled study in adolescents with OSD, surgery provided no benefit over conservative management in terms of persistent symptoms and had a higher complication rate.ConclusionThere is weak evidence to support the use of dextrose injection with local anaesthetic and no evidence to support the use of specific types of exercises to treat children/adolescents with OSD/patellar tendinopathy. Until further evidence arises, clinicians should include load modification and advise on a return to sport based on symptoms.

scholarly journals Baby-Led Weaning: What Role Does It Play in Obesity Risk during the First Years? A Systematic Review

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1009
Author(s):  
Nazareth Martinón-Torres ◽  
Nathalie Carreira ◽  
Rosaura Picáns-Leis ◽  
Alexandra Pérez-Ferreirós ◽  
Anton Kalén ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Obesity Risk ◽  
General Recommendation ◽  
Healthy Eating Habits ◽  
Lower Weight Gain ◽  
Randomized Control

Childhood is a window of opportunity for the prevention of the obesity pandemic. Since “the first 1000 days of life” is a period in which healthy eating habits must be acquired, it should be the target for preventive strategies. Baby-led weaning (BLW) is an emergent way of weaning that could influence children’s health. The nutrition committees of the main pediatric societies affirm there is not enough evidence to support which is the best method of weaning. The aim was to determinate the influence of BLW on the infant’s weight gain compared to the traditional spoon-feeding, and to assess if it could decrease the risk of obesity in children. A systematic review was conducted, following the PRISMA method. Pubmed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched. Out of 747 articles, eight studies (2875 total infants) were included (two randomized control trials, 6 observational studies). Results were indecisive, while some studies seem to demonstrate lower weight gain in infants that apply BLW, others show inconclusive results. The risk of bias in all included studies was moderate or high. In conclusion, more clinical trials and prospective studies should be done prior to providing a general recommendation about the best method of weaning to reduce the risk of obesity.

scholarly journals Fatores de risco associados à hipertensão arterial primária em crianças e adolescentes: revisão bibliográfica

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (19) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Magliane Borges Lucero Cordeiro ◽  
Silvana Nunes Figueiredo ◽  
Alexandra Brito de Souza ◽  
Maria Raika Guimarães Lobo
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
The Body ◽  
Primary Hypertension ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Healthy Eating Habits ◽  
Factores De Riesgo ◽  
Hypertension In Children

A hipertensão arterial é um problema de saúde mundial e os casos em crianças e adolescentes estão aumentando. Suas complicações são o infarto agudo do miocárdio, acidente vascular cerebral, dentre outras. Por ser uma doença crônica seu tratamento é fundamental para evitar complicações. Este estudo tem por objetivo conhecer os fatores de risco associados ao desenvolvimento da hipertensão arterial primária em crianças e adolescência. Trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica, com levantamento de dados em artigos científicos, livros, manuais e diretrizes. A análise mostrou que o índice de massa corporal, circunferência da cintura/abdominal, sobrepeso/obesidade, sedentarismo, histórico familiar de hipertensão, entre outros, são os principais fatores para o desenvolvimento da hipertensão arterial primária em crianças e adolescentes. Entre as medidas de prevenção da hipertensão arterial é primordial manter-se com peso ideal, ter hábitos alimentares saudáveis e praticar atividades físicas.Descritores: Hipertensão, Crianças, Adolescentes, Fatores de Risco. AbstractRisk factors associated with primary hypertension in children and adolescents: literature reviewHypertension is a serious worldwide health problem and cases in children and adolescents are increasing every day. It can cause disorders such as acute myocardial infarction, stroke, among others. Because it is a chronic disease, treatment is essential to prevent complications. To know the risk factors associated with the development of primary hypertension in children and adolescents. This is a literature review with data collection in scientific articles, books, manuals and guidelines. The analysis showed that the body mass index, waist circumference/abdominal, overweight/obesity, physical inactivity, family history of hypertension, among others, are the main factors for the development of essential hypertension in children and adolescents. Among the hypertension prevention measures is essential to keep up with ideal weight, have healthy eating habits and physical activities.Descriptors: Hypertension, Children, Adolescents, Risk Factors. ResumenFactores de riesgo asociados con hipertensión primaria en niños y adolescentes: revisión bibliográficaLa hipertensión arterial es un problema de salud en el mundo y los casos en niños y adolescentes están aumentando. Sus complicaciones son el infarto agudo de miocardio, accidente cerebrovascular, entre otros. Por ser una enfermedad crónica su tratamiento es fundamental para prevenir sus complicaciones. El objetivo de este estudio es conocer los factores de riesgo asociados con el desarrollo de la hipertensión arterial primaria en niños y adolescentes. Tratase de una revisión bibliográfica con obtención de datos en artículos científicos, libros, manuales y directrices. El análisis ha mostrado que el índice de masa corporal, la circunferencia de la cintura/abdominal, el sobrepeso/obesidad, la inactividad física, la historia familiar de hipertensión, entre otros, son los principales factores para el desarrollo de la hipertensión esencial en niños y adolescentes. Entre las medidas de prevención de la hipertensión arterial es fundamental mantenerse al día con el peso ideal, tener hábitos alimenticios saludables y practicar actividades físicas.Descriptores: Hipertensión, Niños, Adolescentes, Factores de Riesgo.

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