scholarly journals Changes in lower dental arch dimensions and tooth alignment in young adults without orthodontic treatment

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 64-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Aldo Mauad ◽  
Robson Costa Silva ◽  
Mônica Lídia Santos de Castro Aragón ◽  
Luana Farias Pontes ◽  
Newton Guerreiro da Silva Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Dental Arch ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
The Third ◽  
Irregularity Index ◽  
Dental Crowding ◽  
Lower Arch ◽  
Paired T Test ◽  
Dental Casts

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this longitudinal study, comprising young adults without orthodontic treatment, was to assess spontaneous changes in lower dental arch alignment and dimensions. METHODS: Twenty pairs of dental casts of the lower arch, obtained at different time intervals, were compared. Dental casts obtained at T1 (mean age = 20.25) and T2 (mean age = 31.2) were compared by means of paired t-test (p < 0.05). RESULTS: There was significant reduction in arch dimensions: 0.43 mm for intercanine (p = 0.0089) and intermolar (p = 0.022) widths, and 1.28 mm for diagonal arch length (p < 0.001). There was a mild increase of approximately 1 mm in the irregularity index used to assess anterior alignment (p < 0.001). However, regression analysis showed that changes in the irregularity index revealed no statistically significant association with changes in the dental arch dimensions (p > 0.05). Furthermore, incisors irregularity at T2 could not be predicted due to the severity of this variable at T1 (p = 0.5051). CONCLUSION: Findings suggest that post-growth maturation of the lower dental arch leads to a reduction of dental arch dimensions as well as to a mild, yet significant, increase in dental crowding, even in individuals without orthodontic treatment. Furthermore, dental alignment in the third decade of life cannot be predicted based on the severity of dental crowding at the end of the second decade of life.

scholarly journals Three-dimensional evaluation of mandibular anterior dental crowding in digital dental casts

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 64-71
Author(s):  
Luciana Quintanilha Pires Fernandes ◽  
Livia Kelly Ferraz Nunes ◽  
Luana Santos Alves ◽  
Felipe de Assis Carvalho Ribeiro ◽  
Jonas Capelli Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
T Test ◽  
Irregularity Index ◽  
Dental Models ◽  
Digital Dental Models ◽  
Dental Crowding ◽  
Paired T Test ◽  
Dental Casts

ABSTRACT Introduction: Digital dental models provide a more accurate and comprehensive assessment of orthodontic cases. Although this technique is quite promising, there are few three-dimensional measurements methods described in the literature. Objective: The aim of this study was to propose a method for assessing the degree of mandibular anterior dental crowding in the three planes of space, using digital dental models. Methods: Thirty dental casts were selected and scanned by Maestro 3D Dental Scanner and imported by Geomagic Qualify 2013 software. The degree of crowding was calculated by two examiners, based on the Little’s Irregularity Index, by means of the definition of axial, coronal and sagittal planes for each model. Intraexaminer analysis was performed with Dahlberg’s Formula (DF) and Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC), and interexaminer analysis was performed with ICC and paired t-test. Results: The ICC showed an excellent agreement (p < 0.05) for all measurements, except for the intraexaminer and interexaminer in the Z-axis, in which it was found a moderate agreement. The DF showed a satisfactory accuracy with all measurements showing less than 1 mm difference. The paired t-test showed statistical difference between the examiners in two measurements, although it was clinical irrelevant. Conclusion: When comparing the three planes of space, the Z-axis showed the greatest variation in landmarks placement; however, overall, the present method seems precise and reproducible.

scholarly journals Digital models: How can dental arch form be verified chairside?

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 68-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alana Tavares ◽  
Emanuel Braga ◽  
Telma Martins de Araújo
Keyword(s):  
Dental Arch ◽  
Digital Models ◽  
3D Scanner ◽  
Arch Models ◽  
Arch Form ◽  
Orthodontic Archwires ◽  
Dental Arch Length ◽  
Lower Arch ◽  
Dental Arch Form ◽  
Dental Casts

ABSTRACT Introduction: Plaster dental casts are routinely used during clinical practice to access maxillary dental arch form and assist on fabrication of individualized orthodontic archwires. Recently introduced, digital model technology may offer a limitation for the obtainment of a dental physical record. In this context, a tool for dental arch form assessment for chairside use is necessary when employing digital models. In this regard, paper print of the dental arch seems thus to be useful. Methods: In the present study, 37 lower arch models were used. Intercanine and intermolar widths and dental arch length measurements were performed and compared using plaster dental casts, digital models and paper print image of the models. Ortho Insight 3D scanner was employed for model digitalization. Results: No statistically significant differences were noted regarding the measurements performed on the plaster or digital models (p> 0.05). Paper print images, however, showed subestimated values for intercanine and intermolar widths and overestimated values for dental arch length. Despite being statistically significant (p< 0.001), the differences were considered clinically negligible. Conclusion: The present study suggests that paper print images obtained from digital models are clinically accurate and can be used as a tool for dental arch form assessment for fabrication of individualized orthodontic archwires.

Comparison of Changes in Incisors Inclination and Dental Arch Dimensions in Damon and MBT Systems Using Dolphin Software

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Neda Eslami ◽  
Farid Sharifi ◽  
Athar Nasseri ◽  
Arezoo Jahanbin
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Dental Arch ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Independent Test ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Paired T Test ◽  
Dental Malocclusion

Background: There is great controversy regarding the effect of MBT and Damon bracket systems on dental arch dimensions and incisor position. Objectives: We aimed to study the effects of two different brackets (MBT and Damon) on dental arch dimensions and incisors position after orthodontic treatment. Methods: In this retrospective study, the records of 20 patients who underwent orthodontic treatment with MBT or Damon bracket systems were studied. All patients had class I skeletal and dental malocclusion and were treated without extraction. The patients were treated either with Damon or MBT bracket systems (n = 10). Lateral cephalograms were traced using the Dolphin software to determine the position of incisors. In addition, transverse dimensions of dental arches were measured on occlusal photographs. Fishers’ exact test, independent-test, Man-Whitney, paired t-test, and Wilcoxon were used for statistical analysis. P < 0.05 was set as significant. Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups regarding age, sex, and initial values of the variables studied. U1-Apog (mm), upper inter-canine, lower inter-second premolar distance showed a significant difference before and after treatment in the Damon system. However, no significant difference was observed between initial and post-treatment values in the MBT group. L1-Apog (°), IMPA (°), maxillary inter-first and second premolars, inter-canine, and mandibular inter-canine distance was higher in the Damon system after treatment compared to MBT. Changes of the upper and lower transverse dimensions of the dental arches and the incisor positional did not reveal a notable difference in the Damon and MBT systems (P > 0.05). Conclusions: There was no significant difference regarding changes in dental arches and incisor positions between the Damon and MBT systems.

scholarly journals Head Posture and Lower Arch Dental Crowding

2009 ◽  
Vol 79 (5) ◽  
pp. 873-879 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Pachì ◽  
Ruggero Turlà ◽  
Alessandro Proietti Checchi
Keyword(s):  
Null Hypothesis ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Head Posture ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Dental Crowding ◽  
Space Conditions ◽  
Lower Arch ◽  
Student’S T Test

Abstract Objective: To test the null hypothesis that there is no relationship between the posture of the head and the neck and late lower arch crowding. Materials and Methods: The sample comprised 55 subjects (23 female, 32 male), age 12–18 years, with complete permanent dentition and without previous orthodontic treatment. Space conditions were valued by Nance's space analysis on the study models. Craniovertical, craniocervical, and craniohorizontal postural variables were recorded from lateral cephalograms. Student's t-test was performed to assess the differences of the postural angles between the two groups. Results: The results showed that the differences of the postural variables between the two groups are statistically significant. Subjects with more than 2 mm dental crowding had mean craniocervical angles (NSL/CVT, NSL/OPT, NL/CVT, NL/OPT) that were 5° to 6° larger than the subjects with the space conditions smaller than 2 mm (P ≤ .01). In addition, the mean craniohorizontal angles (CVT/Hor, OPT/Hor) in the subjects with lower dental crowding were 4° smaller than subjects without dental crowding (P &lt; .05). Conclusions: The hypothesis is rejected. A clear pattern of association between extended head posture and lower arch dental crowding was found.

scholarly journals Dynamics of structure and severity of dentoalveolar anomalies on the background of early orthodontic treatment during occlusion

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
E. E. Olesov ◽  
O. S. Kaganova ◽  
T. A. Fazilova ◽  
M. Z. Mirgazizov ◽  
A. A. Ilyin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Significant Influence ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Dental Status ◽  
Mixed Dentition ◽  
Dental Arch ◽  
Old Patients ◽  
Irregularity Index ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Functional Indices

Background. According to the statistics, the incidence of dentoalveolar anomalies, as well as the frequency of orthodontic visits, is constantly growing. Objective. To analyze the efficiency of orthodontic treatment in children during the period of mixed dentition. Methods. We have performed a study on the incidence and severity of dentoalveolar anomalies of the dental status in 7-9-year-old patients vs. 15-17-year-old adolescents after the completion of occlusion. The adolescents were divided into two groups those who underwent orthodontic treatment during the mixed dentition period and those who did not. The evaluation of the childrens dental status was performed using a specialized WHO Map (2013), supplemented by the Dental Maxillofacial Anomalies section. We determined the following indices: DMF (Decayed-Missing-Filled Index), DMF-df, OHI-S, CPI, PAR, DAI, as well as the Littles irregularity index. The need in the different types of dental and orthodontic treatment was estimated, including that per one examined person in a group. Results. In the group of 7-9-year-old we have revealed a high incidence of premature teeth loss (17.0% of patients), dentoalveolar anomalies (73.9%) and their combinations (60.8%). Discussion. Orthodontic treatment during the period of mixed dentition reduces the incidence of the teeth positioning anomalies (crowding and tooth displacement) and dental arch ratio anomalies (completely eliminating the cross-bite). At the same time, early orthodontic treatment does not have a significant influence on the tooth rotation, interdental spaces, deep, open, distal, mesial occlusions and the displacement of dental arches. The severity of dentoalveolar anomalies is reduced in this case. Conclusion. Orthodontic treatment of children during the period of mixed dentition is indicated in the presence of teeth crowding and displacement, as well as in the presence of a cross-bite; concerning other types of dentoalveolar anomalies, early orthodontic treatment is justified only when the patients psychological and functional indices are reduced.

scholarly journals Penguatan Penjangkaran pada Perawatan Gigi Berjejal dengan Pencabutan Gigi Premolar Kedua menggunakan Alat Cekat Begg

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Didi Adrianto Anwar ◽  
Wayan Ardhana ◽  
Christnawati Christnawati
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Class I ◽  
Premolar Extraction ◽  
Irregularity Index ◽  
Skeletal Pattern ◽  
Length Determination ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Anchorage Loss ◽  
Maximum Anchorage ◽  
Lower Arch

Perawatan gigi berjejal biasanya membutuhkan pencabutan gigi untuk mendapatkan ruang yang akan digunakan untuk pengaturan gigi. Pencabutan gigi premolar kedua membutuhkan penguatan penjangkaran (anchorage reinforcement) pada segmen posterior. Evaluasi perawatan gigi berjejal dengan pencabutan gigi premolar kedua menggunakan alat cekat Begg. Pasien perempuan usia 18 tahun mengeluhkan gigi depan atas dan bawah berjejal. Karies besar terdapat pada tonjol palatinal gigi premolar kedua kiri atas. Diagnosis pasien adalah maloklusi Angle kelas I, hubungan skeletal kelas I, jarak gigit 2,8 mm, tumpang gigit 3 mm, crowding anterior dan posterior, serta pergeseran garis inter insisivus rahang bawah ke kiri sebesar 2 mm. Pengukuran indeks iregularitas Little menunjukkan nilai 12,6 (berjejal berat). Perhitungan determinasi lengkung dan metode Kesling menunjukkan toleransi pergerakan molar rahang atas ke mesial sebesar 1,2 mm pada sisi kanan dan kiri (penjangkaran maksimum). Pasien dirawat menggunakan alat cekat Begg dengan pencabutan keempat gigi premolar kedua. Empat gigi molar kedua disertakan sebagai gigi penjangkar untuk memperkuat keempat gigi molar pertama. Hasil pengukuran pergerakan gigi molar pertama ke mesial setelah perawatan selama 29 bulan menggunakan metode dari Ziegler dan Ingervall menunjukkan terjadi pergerakan gigi molar ke mesial sebesar 1,2 mm pada sisi kanan dan 0,7 mm pada sisi kiri. Nilai indeks iregularitas Little adalah 1,9. Gigi molar kedua sebagai komponen penguat penjangkar efektif untuk meminimalkan anchorage loss pada perawatan gigi berjejal dengan pencabutan gigi premolar kedua menggunakan alat cekat Begg. ABSTRACT: Anchorage Reinforcement in Orthodontic Treatment of Crowded Second Premolar Extraction Case Using Begg Appliance. Orthodontic treatment for crowded teeth may need a tooth extraction. The extraction of second premolars may need anchorage reinforcement in posterior segment. To evaluate the treatment progress of crowded teeth with second premolars extraction uses Begg appliance. An 18 year old female patient complained of her crowded teeth in upper and lower arch. The case was Angle class I malocclusion with class I skeletal pattern, with over jet 2.8 mm and over bite 3 mm. The crowded teeth were present in anterior and posterior segments. There was dental midline discrepancy, with the lower arch midline shifted 2 mm to the left. Little Irregularity Index scored 12.6 (severely crowded). Arch length determination and Kesling’s set up model assesment show that a maximum anchorage was necessary. The patient was treated using Begg appliance and four second premolars were extracted. The four second molars were included as anchor teeth. After 29 months of treatment, the movement of maxillary first molars was measured using the method from Ziegler and Ingervall. The mesial movement of right maxillary first molar was 1.2 mm and 0.7 mm for maxillary first molar. Little Irregularity Index scored 1.9. Adding second molars as ancor teeth was effective to minimize anchor loss in orthodontic treatment using Begg appliance with second premolars extraction.

scholarly journals Numerical abnormalities of permanent dentition - a case report

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mioara Decusara ◽  
Daniela Cornea ◽  
Magdalena Rusu-Negraia ◽  
Cerasella Dorina Șincar
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Permanent Dentition ◽  
Dental Arch ◽  
Dental Anomalies ◽  
Tooth Formation ◽  
Tooth Number ◽  
Dental Crowding ◽  
Associated Abnormalities

Tooth number abnormalities may occur under the influence of genetic or environmental factors which intervene in the tooth formation stages (induction and proliferation), most commonly the permanent dentition being affected. The result is the appearance of dental anomalies with numerical deficiency (hypodontia, anodontia), or with dental excess (hyperodontia, over-teeth). In this paper we report a case of a 15-year-old boy with associated abnormalities of permanent dentition: mesiodens and palatal impacted cuspid at the maxillary dental arch and incisor anodontia at the mandibular dental arch. Orthodontic treatment aimed at resolving maxillary dental crowding, obtaining dental alignment, a stable and functional occlusal relationship and a satisfactory smile for the patient.

scholarly journals Alterations in plaque accumulation and gingival inflammation promoted by treatment with self-ligating and conventional orthodontic brackets

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauricio de Almeida Cardoso ◽  
Patrícia Pinto Saraiva ◽  
Liliana Ávila Maltagliati ◽  
Fernando Kleinübing Rhoden ◽  
Carla Cristina Alvarenga Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Dental Arch ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Clinical Attachment Level ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Conventional Brackets ◽  
Oral Hygiene Instructions ◽  
Attachment Level ◽  
Lower Arch

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to evaluate, comparatively, the periodontal response during orthodontic treatment performed with self-ligating and conventional brackets. METHODS: Sixteen Caucasian individuals of both sexes, aged between 12 and 16 years old and in permanent dentition were selected. Eight individuals were treated with conventional brackets installed on the lower dental arch and self-ligating brackets on the upper arch. Another eight individuals received self-ligating brackets in the lower arch and conventional brackets in the upper arch. The subjects received material and instructions for oral hygiene. Visible plaque index (VPI), gingival bleeding index (GBI) and clinical attachment level (CAL) were evaluated just after installation of orthodontic appliances, and 30, 60 and 180 days later. Mann-Whitney test was used to compare differences between groups (self-ligating and conventional), two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's test was used to assess CAL at each site of each tooth. Significance level was set at 5%. RESULTS: No significant changes were found with regard to the assessed parameters (VPI, GBI and CAL) in either one of the systems. CONCLUSION: No significant changes were found with regard to the periodontal response to orthodontic treatment for the variables assessed and between subjects receiving passive self-ligating and conventional brackets. All individuals had received oral hygiene instructions and had their periodontal conditions monitored.

scholarly journals A dissertation on tooth size and arch dimension in uncrowded versus crowded Class I malocclusion

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
H Jahan ◽  
MZ Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Study Groups ◽  
Class I ◽  
Dental Arch ◽  
Tooth Size ◽  
Arch Width ◽  
Transverse Arch ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dental Arch Length ◽  
Dental Crowding ◽  
Dental Casts

Aim: The purpose of this investigation was to examine the extent to which arch dimension or tooth size contributes to dental crowding. Materials and Methods: Two groups of dental casts were selected. Each group consisted of 30 pairs of dental casts including equal male and female samples. The first group had Class I malocclusion without crowding. The second group exhibited Class I malocclusion with dental crowding (more than 5 mm space deficiency). The following parameters were measured and used to compare the two groups: individual and collective mesiodistal widths of tooth, dental arch length, as well as buccal and lingual dental arch widths in the canine and molar regions. Results: Statistically significant differences in both tooth widths and transverse arch dimensions (widths) were found between the crowded and the normal groups. The crowded group was found to have a significantly smaller maxillary arch width and larger tooth size when compared with the uncrowded or normal group. There were no significant differences in arch length in the two groups in either the maxilla or the mandible. In comparing the anterior and overall Bolton ratios no significant difference was detected between the crowded and normal groups. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest under under two study groups (Class I skeletal base of crowded and uncrowded group) tooth size has a greater role in developing dental crowding. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjodfo.v2i1.15994 Ban J Orthod & Dentofac Orthop, October 2011; Vol-2, No.1, 1-6

scholarly journals Tooth alignment and pain experience with A-NiTi versus Cu-NiTi: a randomized clinical trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Azizi ◽  
Aida Extiari ◽  
Mohammad Moslem Imani
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
Mcgill Pain Questionnaire ◽  
Dental Arch ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Irregularity Index ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Background Nickel-titanium (NiTi) archwires are routinely used for initial leveling and alignment of teeth in orthodontic treatment. This study aimed to clinically compare the level of pain and tooth alignment in orthodontic treatment with A-NiTi versus Cu-NiTi archwires. Methods In this parallel randomized clinical trial, 88 orthodontic patients (12–25 years) with an irregularity index > 2 mm in the anterior site of the lower dental arch who required non-extraction orthodontic treatment of the lower arch were randomized into two age- and sex-matched groups (n = 44) for treatment with A-NiTi and Cu-NiTi initial archwires. Each archwire was used for 6 weeks. After 6 weeks, the irregularity index was measured, and the level of pain was scored using the Modified McGill pain questionnaire (MPQ) and visual analog scale (VAS) according to the time of onset and duration of pain, and analgesic intake. Data were analyzed by paired t test, independent samples t test, and Chi-square test (P < 0.05). Results The irregularity index significantly decreased in both groups after 6 weeks of treatment (P < 0.001). However, the difference in this respect was not significant between the two groups (P > 0.05). Pain perception (P = 0.487), duration of pain (P = 0.546), and analgesic intake (P = 0.102) were not significantly different between the two groups either. Conclusion Both A-NiTi and Cu-NiTi archwires are equally effective for tooth alignment in the anterior site of the lower dental arch and have no significant difference with regard to the level of pain experienced by patients. Trial registration number: IRCT20190705044102N1 and Name of the registry: Iranian registry of clinical trials (https://irct.ir/) Date of registration: September, 26, 2019

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