scholarly journals Dental and skeletal effects of combined headgear used alone or in association with rapid maxillary expansion

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 43-49
Author(s):  
Milton Meri Benitez Farret ◽  
Eduardo Martinelli de Lima ◽  
Marcel M. Farret ◽  
Laura Lutz de Araújo
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Rapid Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Class Ii Malocclusion ◽  
Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Clockwise Rotation ◽  
Maxillary Molars ◽  
Skeletal Effects ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the effects of combined headgear used alone or in association with rapid maxillary expansion, as the first step for Class II malocclusion treatment.Methods:The sample comprised 61 patients divided into three groups: Group 1, combined headgear (CH); Group 2, CH + rapid maxillary expansion (CH + RME); and Group 3, control (CG). In Group 1, patients were treated with combined headgear until Class I molar relationship was achieved. In Group 2, the protocol for headgear was the same; however, patients were previously subject to rapid maxillary expansion.Results:Results showed distal displacement of maxillary molars for both experimental groups (p < 0.001), with distal tipping only in Group 1 (CH) (p < 0.001). There was restriction of forward maxillary growth in Group 2 (CH + RME) (p < 0.05) and clockwise rotation of the maxilla in Group 1 (CH) (p < 0.05).Conclusion: Based on the results, it is possible to suggest that treatment with both protocols was efficient; however, results were more significant for Group 2 (CH + RME) with less side effects.

scholarly journals Molar Changes with Cervical Headgear Alone or in Combination with Rapid Maxillary Expansion

2008 ◽  
Vol 78 (5) ◽  
pp. 847-851 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcel Marchiori Farret ◽  
Eduardo Martinelli S. de Lima ◽  
Vanessa Pereira Araújo ◽  
Susana Maria Deon Rizzatto ◽  
Luciane Macedo de Menezes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Class Ii ◽  
Rapid Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Cervical Traction ◽  
Permanent Molars ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
First Permanent Molars ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Objective: To test the hypothesis that there is no difference in the distal movement of the maxillary first permanent molars when cervical headgear is used alone or in combination with rapid maxillary expansion. Materials and Methods: The sample was composed of 36 subjects (aged 9 to 13 years), treated in the Faculty of Dentistry, Pontifícia Universidade Cat;aaolica, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The individuals were in good health and in their pubertal growth period. All had Class II division 1 malocclusion. The patients were divided into two groups: group 1 (22 subjects), Class II, with a normal transverse maxilla treated with cervical traction headgear (HG) 400 g 12 h/d, and group 2 (14 subjects), Class II maxillary transverse deficiency treated with rapid maxillary expansion plus cervical traction headgear (RME + HG). An additional group 3 (17 subjects) served as a control group and included individuals with the same characteristics. All subjects had two lateral cephalograms: initial (T1) and progress (T2), taken 6 months later. Differences between T1 and T2 were compared with the Student's t-test, and three groups were compared by the analysis of variance and Tukey multiple comparison test. Results: Results showed greater distal tipping and greater distal movement of the first permanent molars in group 1 (HG) than in group 2 (RME + HG), P &lt; .05. No extrusion of first permanent molar occurred in either group (P &gt; .05). Conclusion: The hypothesis was rejected. Cervical traction headgear alone produced greater distal movement effects in maxillary first permanent molars when compared with rapid maxillary expansion associated with cervical headgear.

scholarly journals Stability in Dental Changes in RME and SARME: A 2-Year Follow-up

2009 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oral Sokucu ◽  
H. Huseyin Kosger ◽  
A. Altug Bıcakci ◽  
Hasan Babacan
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Rapid Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Maxillary Arch ◽  
Group 1 ◽  
Dental Casts

Abstract Objective: To compare the effects of rapid maxillary expansion (RME) and surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion (SARME) on dentoalveolar structures following orthodontic treatment, as well as stability at 2-year follow-up. Materials and Methods: Two groups of subjects were used in the study. Group 1 consisted of 14 subjects (mean age, 12.7 ± 1.4 years) who were treated with RME, and Group 2 consisted of 13 subjects (mean age, 18.5 ± 2.3 years) who were treated with SARME. In both groups, all cases had a maxillary width deficiency with bilateral crossbites. Maxillary dental casts were available at three different intervals: pretreatment (T1), after orthodontic treatment (T2), and at follow-up recall (T3). Intermolar and interpremolar width, palatal height, and maxillary arch depth and length were assessed from maxillary dental casts. Results: Treatment by RME and SARME produced significant increases in intermolar and interpremolar width and maxillary arch length after expansion (T2) (P &lt; .05). The amount of relapse was not significantly different 2 years after treatment (P &gt; .05). Conclusions: Although age ranges of the patient groups are different, the dentoalveolar responses of RME and SARME were similar after orthodontic treatment. (Angle Orthod. 2009:79; )

scholarly journals Maxillary anterior alignment stability in Class I and Class II malocclusions treated with or without extraction

2015 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willian Juarez Granucci Guirro ◽  
Karina Maria Salvatore Freitas ◽  
Guilherme Janson ◽  
Marcos Roberto de Freitas ◽  
Camila Leite Quaglio
Keyword(s):  
Class Ii ◽  
Class I ◽  
Maxillary Incisor ◽  
Class Ii Malocclusion ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Posttreatment Period ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

ABSTRACT Objective:  To compare the postretention stability of maxillary incisors alignment in subjects with Class I and II malocclusion treated with or without extractions. Materials and Methods:  The sample comprised 103 subjects with initial maxillary anterior irregularity greater than 3 mm and was divided into four groups: group 1 comprised 19 patients with Class I malocclusion treated with nonextraction (mean initial age = 13.06 years); group 2 comprised 19 patients with Class II malocclusion treated with nonextraction (mean initial age = 12.54 years); group 3 comprised 30 patients with Class I malocclusion treated with extractions (mean initial age = 13.16 years); group 4 comprised 35 patients with Class II malocclusion treated with extractions (mean initial age = 12.99 years). Dental casts were obtained at three different stages: pretreatment (T1), posttreatment (T2), and long-term posttreatment (T3). Maxillary incisor irregularity and arch dimensions were evaluated. Intergroup comparisons were performed by one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey tests. Results:  In the long-term posttreatment period, relapse of maxillary crowding and arch dimensions was similar in all groups. Conclusion:  Changes in maxillary anterior alignment in Class I and Class II malocclusions treated with nonextractions and with extractions were similar in the long-term posttreatment period.

scholarly journals Long-term efficacy and safety of hydroquinidine in patients with Brugada syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
F Angelini ◽  
S Pourshayesteh ◽  
E Gastino ◽  
M.M Cingolani ◽  
D Castagno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Secondary Prevention ◽  
Brugada Syndrome ◽  
Treatment Discontinuation ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Elevated Liver Enzymes ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Background Brugada syndrome (BrS) is an inherited channelopathy with an increased risk of supraventricular, ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) and sudden cardiac death (SCD). Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) is a cornerstone of SCD prevention, but it does not reduce the incidence of life-threatening VAs and it can carry substantial complications. Hydroquinidine (HQ) is a class IA antiarrhythmic drug used for electrical storms, to reduce ICD's appropriate discharges and as an alternative to ICD in children with BrS or in patients with a contraindication to ICD. Nevertheless, HQ's side effects may undermine treatment compliance. Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of HQ in reducing VAs (ventricular fibrillation, sustained and non-sustained ventricular tachycardia) inducibility at electrophysiology study (EPS) and atrial fibrillation/flutter (AF/AFL) or VAs recurrence in patients with BrS. Methods From the prospective Piedmont Brugada Registry, patients treated with HQ were selected and divided into three groups according to the indication for HQ initiation: index EPS positive for VAs induction (group 1), secondary prevention of AF/AFl (group 2), secondary prevention of VAs (group 3). In group 3 recurrence of VAs was monitored by implantable devices or by periodic 24-hour ECG Holter monitoring. In 5 patients HQ was started for reasons different from the above mentioned, so they were considered only for safety outcomes. Safety was assessed considering the occurrence of HQ side effects and their impact on treatment discontinuation. Results A total of 98 patients (79 males, 80,6%) were included. Median follow-up was 61 months (IQR 31–89 months). None of the baseline clinical characteristics was associated with arrhythmic recurrences. Among 46 patients in group 1 HQ was effective in reducing EPS inducibility in 91.9% of patients (p&lt;0.0001); in group 2 (31 patients) HQ reduced palpitations [before HQ 83,8%, with HQ 27,6%, RRR 67.1%, NNT 1.8; p&lt;0.0001] and no AF/AFL recurrence was recorded during follow-up (p&lt;0.0001); in group 3 (17 patients; 70.6% with ICD/LR implanted) VAs recurrences were significantly reduced in patients with HQ (5.9% recurrence rate, p&lt;0.0001). Overall, no cardiac arrest occurred during follow-up. At ECG, HQ determined a significant increase in QTc duration (V5-lead mean QTc duration pre-HQ 406 ms vs with HQ 428 ms; p=0.001). Overall, 28.6% of patients presented HQ-related side effects, mainly due to gastrointestinal intolerance (18.3%). Treatment discontinuation rate was 25% but only about half of these patients discontinued HQ for adverse events (29.2% for GI intolerance, 16.7% for drug-induced QTc prolongation, 8.3% for elevated liver enzymes; 45.8% self-discontinuation). Conclusions In patients with BrS, HQ was effective in reducing VAs inducibility at EPS, AF/AFL and VAs recurrences; moreover, it was effective in reducing symptoms. Overall, HQ proved to be safe and well-tolerated. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

scholarly journals The Efficacy and Safety of Low Dose Epidural Butorphanol on Postoperative Analgesia following Cesarean Delivery

2008 ◽  
Vol 47 (170) ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna Pokharel ◽  
T R Rahman ◽  
S N Singh ◽  
B Bhattarai ◽  
N Basnet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Cesarean Delivery ◽  
Analgesic Efficacy ◽  
Study Drug ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Spinal Epidural ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Group 1

Butorphanol is considered an effective and safe analgesic after cesarean delivery but is associatedwith profound dose-dependent sedation. Somnolence may cause hindrance in early mother-babyinteraction. This study was designed to assess the analgesic efficacy and to monitor side-effects of low doses (0.5 mg and 0.75 mg) of epidural butorphanol with bupivacaine compared to bupivacainealone in parturients following cesarean delivery. One hundred and twenty parturients (AmericanSociety of Anesthesiologists physical status 1 and 2) undergoing cesarean delivery were allocatedinto three groups: group 1 received epidural 0.125% bupivacaine while group 2 and 3 received an additional 0.5 mg and 0.75 mg butorphanol respectively. A combined spinal, epidural techniquewas used. Spinal anaesthesia was used for surgery. The epidural route was used for postoperativeanalgesia with the study drug. Onset, duration and quality of analgesia, lowest visual analoguescales (VAS) score, and side effects were noted. The onset and duration of analgesia in group 2(4.1±2.6 min and 202.4±62.8 min) and group 3 (4.0±2.5 min and 192.3±69.1 min) were significantly different (P<0.01) from group 1 (6.6±2.7min and145.7±89.6 min). The quality of analgesia in terms of time to first independent movement and satisfactory VAS were statistically better (P<0.01) in group 2 (3.9±0.3 hour and 8.1±0.1 mm) and group 3 (3.8±0.4 hour and 8.1±0.9 mm) than in group 1 (5.2±0.4hour and 6.3±1.3 mm). The incidence of sedation was 5% in all the three groups. A lower dose of epidural butorphanol with bupivacaine produces a significantly earlier onset, longer duration and better quality of analgesia than bupivacaine does.Key words: analgesia, epidural, postcesarean, spinal

No Enhancement of Sensory and Motor Blockade by Neostigmine Added to Mepivacaine Axillary Plexus Block 

1999 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herve Bouaziz ◽  
Xavier Paqueron ◽  
Marie Lorraine Bur ◽  
Michel Merle ◽  
Marie Claire Laxenaire ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Postoperative Analgesia ◽  
Motor Block ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Hand Surgery ◽  
Sensory Block ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Plexus Block ◽  
Group 1

Background Intrathecal neostigmine induces analgesia but also several side effects. Recently, 500 microg neostigmine administered intraarticularly was shown to produce postoperative analgesia without side effects. The authors' goal was to determine whether 500 microg neostigmine added to mepivacaine in axillary plexus block prolongs postoperative analgesia. In addition, they wanted to determine the incidence of side effects in patients undergoing hand surgery. Methods Sixty-nine outpatients scheduled for carpal tunnel syndrome repair with axillary plexus block were randomly assigned to one of three groups that received saline solution in the axillary plexus and subcutaneously (group 1), 500 microg neostigmine in the axillary plexus and saline solution subcutaneously (group 2), or saline solution in the axillary plexus and 500 microg neostigmine subcutaneously (group 3). Sensory and motor block in the four hand nerve distributions were assessed every 5 min for 30 min The duration of the sensory and motor blocks were assessed after operation. Side effects were also recorded. Results Neostigmine had no effect on sensory and motor block in any of the four nerve distributions, nor did it increase the median duration of sensory block (215 min; range, 120-330 min) compared with group 1 (247 min; range, 190-287 min) or group 3 (236 min; range, 160-280 min). Motor block was slightly shorter (P = 0.045) in group 3 (190 min; range, 135-285 min) compared with group 1 (218 min; range, 145257 min) and group 2 (215 min; range, 105-343 min). Gastrointestinal side effects occurred in 30% of patients in both neostigmine groups but not in group 1 (P &lt; 0.05). Conclusions This study suggests that 500 microg neostigmine added to mepivacaine in axillary plexus block does not prolong postoperative sensory block, but it does cause a relatively high incidence of side effects. These two findings raise doubts about the use of neostigmine associated with local anesthetics for plexus neural block.

scholarly journals The Effect of Rapid Maxillary Expansion on the Upper Airway’s Aerodynamic Characteristics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Feng ◽  
Yicheng Chen ◽  
Kristina Halme ◽  
Weihua Cai ◽  
Xie-Qi Shi
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Cfd Simulation ◽  
Maximum Velocity ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Aerodynamic Characteristics ◽  
Rapid Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Airway Function ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Background: The effect of rapid maxillary expansion (RME) on the upper airway (UA) has been studied earlier but without a consistent conclusion. This study aims to evaluate the outcome of RME on the upper airway function in terms of airflow resistance by applying a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation.Methods: This retrospective cohort study consists of seventeen cases with two consecutive CBCT scans obtained before (T0) and after (T1) RME. Patients were divided into two groups with respect to patency of the nasopharyngeal airway as expressed in the adenoidal nasopharyngeal ratio (AN): group 1 was comprised of patients with an AN ratio < 0.6 and group 2 encompassing those with an AN ratio ≥ 0.6. CFD simulation at inspiration and expiration were performed based on the three - dimensional (3D) models of the UA segmented from the CBCT images. The aerodynamic characteristics in terms of pressure drop, midsagittal maximum velocity, and maximum wall shear stress were compared by independent samples t-test between the two groups at T0 and T1. Results: At T0, the pressure drop at expiration was significantly higher in group 2 compared to group 1, whereas the difference between the two groups was not significant at T1. The midsagittal maximum velocity of the two groups decreased to some extent at expiration, but without significant difference. The midsagittal maximum velocity of group 2 was at inspiration significantly higher than that of group 1 at T0 and T1. Conclusion: RME had a positive effect on UA airflow resistance in patients with an AN ratio ≥ 0.6. The findings provide positive evidence of RME in airway function and should thus be recommended to patients with both a narrow maxilla and enlarged adenoid.

scholarly journals An approach to treatment modalities of keloids: a comparative study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Sweta S. Parmar ◽  
Avani Modi
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Triamcinolone Acetonide ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Complete Clearance ◽  
Limited Efficacy ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Group 1

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> In spite of the presence of such an array of treatment modalities, none of these can be claimed to be an ideal treatment option as most of them have limited efficacy, significant side effects or increased chances of recurrence. Hence the study was undertaken to search an ideal treatment for keloids which is safe, effective, and with low rate of recurrence.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Total of 200 patients were recruited out of which only 160 patients were included in study. The patients were divided into three groups and administered with different modes of treatment. Patients in all the groups were followed up at 3 weekly intervals for evaluation of response. At the end of the study, the data was compiled and analysed using appropriate statistical tests.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> In only 32 patients completed study in group 1, 2 and 3 respectively. Group 1, 2 and 3 were more or less equally efficacious with clearance rate. Complete clearance was seen in 24 patients in group 1 patients, in group 2 there were 22 patients with complete clearance and in group 3 there were 24 patients.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Intralesional triamcinolone acetonide, intralesional triamcinolone acetonide with hyaluronidase and intralesional radiofrequency with intralesional triamcinolone acetonide are almost equally effective modalities for the treatment of keloids. But, intralesional triamcinolone acetonide with hyaluronidase fares better than other two as far as safety is concerned with least side effects.</p><p class="after-h2"> </p>

Effect of Rapid Maxillary Expansion on Upper Airway Morphology: A Retrospective Comparison of Normal Patients versus Patients with Enlarged Adenoid Tissue.

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 208-215
Author(s):  
Xin Feng ◽  
Stein Atle Lie ◽  
Kristina Hellén-Halme ◽  
Xie-Qi Shi
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Obstruction ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Rapid Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Computed Tomography Images ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Objectives The present study evaluated the effect of rapid maxillary expansion (RME) on the morphology of the upper airway (UA) by calculating cross-sectional areas and volumes and comparing the effect in patients with a normal-sized adenoid with the effect in patients with an enlarged adenoid. Study design: Seventeen patients met the inclusion criteria. We constructed 3D models of the UA on cone-beam computed tomography images to calculate cross-sectional areas and volumes at the levels of the nasopharyngeal, retropalatal, and retroglossal airways. Patients were divided into two groups: group 1 was comprised of patients with an adenoidal nasopharyngeal (AN) ratio &lt; 0.6 and group 2 with an AN ratio ≥ 0.6. Paired samples t-tests assessed any area and volumetric changes of the UA after RME. Changes in degree of nasal obstruction, calculated as the AN ratio, was then compared for the two groups. An independent samples t-test compared volumetric changes in the nasopharynx between the two groups before and after RME. Results Changes in cross-sectional areas and volumes of the UA due to RME were not significant. The effects of RME on AN ratio (11 % vs 0 %) and nasopharyngeal volume (36.8 % vs 5.97%) were somewhat larger in group 2 patients who had adenoid-associated nasal obstruction compared with group 1 patients with a normal-sized adenoid; however, the differences were not significant. Conclusions After RME, the patients with an enlarged adenoid had more increases in nasopharyngeal volume compared with those with normal adenoid, despite there was no significant difference.

scholarly journals Buccolingual inclination of molars in untreated children and adults: A cone beam computed tomography study

2018 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brianna Yang ◽  
Chun-Hsi Chung
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Maxillary Molars ◽  
Computed Tomography Images ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Mandibular First Molar ◽  
Group 1

ABSTRACT Objectives: To evaluate and compare the buccolingual inclinations of maxillary and mandibular first molars in untreated children and adults. Materials and Methods: One hundred and thirty-eight subjects were selected and divided into three groups, as follows: (1) age 6–9 years, N = 46; (2) age 10–19 years, N = 56; and (3) age 25–35 years, N = 36. For each subject, existing cone beam computed tomography images were used, and the long axis for each maxillary and mandibular first molar was determined. The converge angles formed by the long axis of left and right maxillary first molars and by the long axis of left and right mandibular first molars were measured. Results: The maxillary molars exhibited buccal inclination, with the converge angle of 21.1° ± 9.5° in group 1, 17.3° ± 8.6° in group 2, and 9.3° ± 7.3° in group 3. Statistically significant differences were found between groups 1 and 3 and groups 2 and 3, but not between groups 1 and 2. The mandibular molars exhibited lingual inclination, with the converge angle of 34.9° ± 11° for group 1, 26.6° ± 9.2° for group 2, and 26.1° ± 7.7° for group 3. Statistically significant differences were found between groups 1 and 2 and groups 1 and 3, but not between groups 2 and 3. Conclusions: Maxillary first molars exhibited buccal inclination. Adults displayed less inclination than did children. Mandibular first molars exhibited lingual inclination. Adults displayed less inclination than did children. Some degree of curve of Wilson should be maintained at the end of orthodontic treatment to fulfill physiologic needs and stability.

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