scholarly journals Morphological characterization of fruit, seed and seedling and germination of Hymenaea courbaril L. (Fabaceae) ('Jatobá')

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 204-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manoela Mendes Duarte ◽  
Sheilly Raquelly Prado de Paula ◽  
Flaick Rodrigo de Lima Ferreira ◽  
Antonio Carlos Nogueira
Keyword(s):  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Morphological Description ◽  
Hymenaea Courbaril ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Mean Germination Time ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Early Seedling Development

Abstract This study has aimed to characterize the morphology of fruit, seed and seedling and evaluate the germination of Hymenaea courbaril L., under different substrates and temperatures. The physical characteristics were determined, as well as the morphological description of the internal and external parts of fruits and seeds, stages of germination and early seedling development. Germination tests were conducted in a completely randomized design, in a 3x2 factorial scheme, with three temperatures (20 °C, 25 °C and 30 °C) and two substrates (sand and vermiculite), with six plots of 30 seeds. The germination percentage, germination speed index (GSI) and mean germination time (MGT) were calculated. The fruits are dry and woody and the seeds are exalbuminous, with an axial embryo. The germination is epigeal and the seedling is phanerocotylar. The combination of vermiculite or sand associated to temperatures of 25 °C or 30 °C is effective for conducting the germination tests.

scholarly journals Temperatures and substrates for germination and vigor of Erythroxylum pauferrense Plowman seeds

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. e46030
Author(s):  
João Everthon da Silva Ribeiro ◽  
Arliston Pereira Leite ◽  
Jackson Silva Nóbrega ◽  
Edna Ursulino Alves ◽  
Riselane de Lucena Alcântara Bruno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Mass ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Seedling Length ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Mean Germination Time ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Understory Plant

Erythroxylum pauferrense is an endemic understory plant species of the Northeast Region of Brazil. The species is of great importance to the region and so ecophysiological studies are needed for its preservation. The objective of the present study was to determine the best substrates and temperatures for testing germination and seed vigor of E. pauferrense. An experiment was performed comprising a completely randomized design in a 5 x 4 factorial scheme, with five temperature regimes (20, 25, 30, 35°C constant and 20-30°C alternating) and four types of substrates (paper, vermiculite, sand and commercial substrate). The following characteristics were evaluated: germination percentage, first germination count, germination speed index, mean germination time, seedling length and dry mass (root and shoot). Paper and vermiculite substrates combined with constant temperatures of 20, 25, 30 and alternated between 20-30°C, provide greater seed germination and vigor while 35°C reduces seed physiological quality.

scholarly journals Morphometry and Germination of Passovia pyrifolia, Struthanthus marginatus and Phoradendron mucronatum Diaspores

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
J.M.L. AZEVEDO ◽  
C.G.G. SANTOS ◽  
C.S. CAIRES ◽  
J.C. ARAÚJO NETO ◽  
R.C. SOUZA
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Percentage Germination ◽  
Essential Characteristic ◽  
Germination Time ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Mean Germination Time ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

ABSTRACT: The goal of this work was to characterize morphometrically diaspores from three species of mistletoes (Passovia pyrifolia, Struthanthus marginatus e Phoradendron mucronatum), as well as to study its germination behavior according to temperature and luminosity. In germination tests, the completely randomized design was used, in factor scheme 4 x 2, with 4 replications of 15 diaspores. The factors for the first test were different temperatures and two diaspore conditions (intact and without epicarp). In the second test, factors were different light qualities and two diaspore conditions. The analyzed variables were: germination percentage, germination rate index (GRI) and mean germination time (MGT). Mistletoe’s diaspores present an elliptic shape with viscin layer, an essential characteristic for the dispersion of the species. In addition to this, they present a distinction as for the moisture content when compared to the Loranthaceae and Viscaceae, where the latter presents the highest content. Germination is greater at the alternated temperature of 20-30 oC for P. pyrifolia and P. mucronatum diaspores and 20 oC for S. marginatus. Luminosity interfered in the germination of P. mucronatum and S. marginatus but did not influence P. pyrifolia. The diaspore condition influenced the germination of the three studied species, observing a significant increase in their germination when the epicarp was removed. Temperature and luminosity interfere directly in the GRI and MGT of the three mistletoes species.

scholarly journals MAGNETIC FIELD AND GIBBERELIC ACID AS PRE-GERMINATION TREATMENTS OF PASSION FRUIT SEEDS

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Diane Menegatti ◽  
Luana Oliveira de Oliveira ◽  
Ádrya Vanessa Lira da Costa ◽  
Eugenia Jacira Bolacel Braga ◽  
Valmor João Bianchi
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Passiflora Edulis ◽  
Chemical Substances ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Gibberelic Acid ◽  
Mean Germination Time ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

<p>The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of pre-germination treatments (magneto-priming and immersion of seeds in gibberellic acid solution) on variables associated with germination, emergence and vigor of Passiflora edulis seeds ‘BRS Gigante Amarelo’ cultivar. Seeds were extracted from fruits, washed, immersed for 6 hours in solutions with different GA3 concentrations and later arranged in a circular form in Petri dishes at temperature of 25°C, with and without exposure to magnetic field. Subsequently, analyses associated with the germination and emergency test were carried out. The experimental design was completely randomized design, with 3x2 factorial, three GA3 concentrations (0, 50 and 100 mg L-1) and presence/absence of magnetic field (MF), with four replicates of 20 seeds each. Variables germination percentage, germination speed index, mean germination time, percentage of emerged seedlings, emergence speed index, shoot length and root length and seedling dry weight were evaluated. Results indicate that the exposure of passion fruit seeds to MF in an isolated way stimulates seed germination, emergence and vigor, being an alternative to conventional treatments based on chemical substances.</p>

scholarly journals Substrate and temperature on seed germination of Aspidosperma vargasii A. DC. (Apocynaceae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 66-72
Author(s):  
Izabele Domingues Soares Miranda ◽  
Manoela Mendes Duarte ◽  
Rodrigo Otávio Veiga de Miranda
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Relative Frequency ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Percentage Germination ◽  
Forest Species ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Mean Germination Time ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Number Of Seeds

The Amazon has a wide diversity, including forest species with timber and non-timber potential, which often have their use restricted due to a lack of silvicultural information. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of substrates and temperatures on seed germination of Aspidosperma vagarsii. Therefore, the premise of a completely randomized design was followed, in a 3 x 3 factorial scheme, with three substrates (paper, sand and vermiculite) and three temperatures (20, 25 and 30 °C). The germination percentage, germination speed index and mean germination time were determined, as well as germination relative frequency graphs. In addition, the weight of a thousand seeds, the number of seeds per kilo, and the moisture content was determined. The weight of thousand seeds was equal to 276.4 g, with 3,618 seeds per kilo, and a moisture content of 9.5%. There was no interaction between the studied factors. The sand substrate and temperatures of 20 and 25 °C presented the best results for seed germination of A. vargasii.

scholarly journals Morphological characterization of six Lombok upland rice cultivars

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
Baiq Sri Hartina ◽  
Rani Agustina Wulandari ◽  
Panjisakti Basunanda
Keyword(s):  
Upland Rice ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Genetic Source ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Lombok upland rice is one of the cultivars that have the potential as a genetic source. However, Lombok upland rice is almost rarely found. Therefore, conservation was carried out through morphological characterization to provide genetic information. This study aimed to describe the characteristics of six Lombok upland rice cultivars, namely, Reket Putek Bulu, Reket Putek Buntung, Reket Bireng Bulu, Reket Bireng Buntung, Pare Beaq Sapit, and Beaq Ganggas. A completely randomized design was used, consisting of these six Lombok upland rice cultivars as treatments. Two superior cultivars were also used for comparison. The study revealed sufficient divergence for various qualitative and quantitative traits. Pare Beaq Sapit and Beaq Ganggas shared common morphological characters, and both were tall plants. The auricle and ligule colors of Reket Bireng Bulu were different from those of the other cultivars. Reket Putek Buntung had the latest flowering and harvesting age. Reket Putek Bulu and Reket Bireng Buntung had a high number of productive tillers. Six cultivars of Lombok upland rice were characterized to have morphological diversity, so that they are expected to be used as genetic material in rice plant breeding, thereby developed to avoid extinction.

scholarly journals AVALIAÇÃO DA GERMINAÇÃO EM DIFERENTES TEMPERATURAS E SUBSTRATOS E MORFOLOGIA DO FRUTO, SEMENTE E PLÂNTULA DE Sebastiania brasiliensis

FLORESTA ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Vinícius Bassaco ◽  
Antônio Carlos Nogueira ◽  
Nelson Luis Cosmo
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Seedling Development ◽  
Morphological Description ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Early Seedling Development ◽  
Forest Seeds

Em virtude da carência de trabalhos com sementes florestais nativas, este estudo objetivou conhecer as principais características morfológicas e germinativas de Sebastiania brasiliensis (Spreng.). Na descrição morfológica, foram observadas as características internas e externas dos frutos e sementes e o desenvolvimento inicial da plântula. Os testes de germinação foram realizados em dois substratos (areia e vermiculita) e sob três temperaturas (25 ºC, 30 ºC e 35 ºC). O delineamento utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 2 x 3, com cinco repetições, calculando-se a porcentagem de germinação, o índice de velocidade de germinação (IVG) e o tempo médio. No estudo da morfologia, observou-se que os frutos são do tipo cápsula com três cocas (uma semente/coca). A semente é endospérmica, a testa é do tipo glabra, possuindo uma coloração marrom com pequenas manchas claras. O embrião é axial, foliáceo e espatulado. As plântulas têm desenvolvimento fanerocotiledonar, epígeo, com cotilédones foliáceos fotossintetizantes. Nos testes de germinação, as sementes submetidas à temperatura de 30 ºC e em vermiculita germinaram 86%, com IVG de 7,05 e melhor tempo médio de 3,39 na temperatura de 25 ºC em substrato vermiculita. Conclui-se que a temperatura de 30 ºC no substrato vermiculita propiciou a melhor germinação, e a morfologia indica características típicas para o gênero.Palavras-chave: Branquilho-leiteiro; análise germinativa; caracterização morfológica. AbstractGermination evaluation in distinct temperatures and substrates, and morphology of fruit, seed and seedling of Sebastiania brasiliensis. Due the lack of surveys/researches regarding native forest seeds, this study aimed to identify the main morphological and germination features/patterns of Sebastiania brasiliensis (Spreng.). For the morphological description, it was observed the internal and external features of fruits and seeds and early seedling development. We tested germination in two substrates (sand and vermiculite) and three temperatures (25 ºC, 30 ºC and 35 ºC). The experimental design was completely randomized in a 2 x 3 factorial with five replications, aiming to calculate the percentage, rate index and average time of germination. The fruit is a capsule with three cokes (one seed per coke). The seed is endospermic; testa is glabrous, brown with small spots. The axial embryo is foliaceous and spatulate. Seedlings have phanerocotylar epigeal development with foliaceous photosynthetic cotyledons. Seeds planted in vermiculite under 30 ºC of temperature revealed the best germination (86%), and an IVG of 7.05; the best average time was 3.39 at 25 ºC in vermiculite. As conclusion, vermiculite with 30 ºC of temperature led to better germination, and the morphology indicates typical characteristics for the genus Sebastiania.Keywords: Branquilho-leiteiro; germination analysis; morphological characterization.

scholarly journals Cardinal temperatures for germination of Salvia leriifolia Benth

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majid Dashti ◽  
Mohammad Kafi ◽  
Hossein Tavakkoli ◽  
Mahdi Mirza
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Germination Process ◽  
Mean Germination Time ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Response To Temperature ◽  
Germination Traits ◽  
Cardinal Temperatures

Summary The focus of this study is based on the examination of the germination traits and the development of thermal models of the medicinal plant Salvia leriifolia Benth. A laboratory experiment was carried out at constant temperatures ranging from 0 to 35°C, at 5°C intervals in a completely randomized design with eight replications. To describe the germination rate response to temperature, three regression models, namely Intersected-Lines (ISL), Quadratic Polynomial (QPN) and Five-Parameters Beta (FPB) were used. The highest Germination Percentage (GP) (92.8%) occurred in 15°C, but GP in the range of 10-25°C was not significant (p≤0.05). The germination process stopped at 0°C and at above 30°C. The results indicated that the highest Germination Rate (GR), the lowest Mean Germination Time (MGT) and also times to 50% germination (D50) were obtained at 20°C. Seeds did not reach to their 50% germination level in temperatures higher than 25°C. The FPB model had the best realistic estimation for cardinal temperatures. Based on models estimation, Base (Tb), Optimum (To) and Ceiling (Tc) temperatures were in the ranges of (1-1.9°C), (18.1-20.8°C) and (34.5-38.7°C), respectively.

scholarly journals SEED MORPHOBIOMETRY AND GERMINATION OF Sesbania punicea (Cav.) Benth. AND Sesbania virgata (Cav.) Pers.

FLORESTA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 661
Author(s):  
Manoela Mendes Duarte ◽  
Jaçanan Eloísa de Freitas Milani ◽  
Thiago Wendling Goncalves de Oliveira ◽  
Christopher Thomas Blum ◽  
Antonio Carlos Nogueira
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Blotting Paper ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
The Family ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Sesbania Virgata ◽  
Mean Germination Time

Belonging to the family Fabaceae, Sesbania punicia and S. virgata are characterized by their ecological potential in the recovery of degraded areas. The present study aimed to describe the physical, morphobiometric characteristics of seeds, the germination phases and the initial development of S. punicia and S. virgata seedlings, as well as the germination behavior of seeds at different temperatures and substrates. For the physical characterization of seeds, the weight of one thousand seeds, number of seeds per kilogram, dry biomass of one thousand seeds and the moisture content were determined. To evaluate the effect of substrate and temperature on germination, the experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design, using a 3 x 3 factorial scheme, three substrates (sand, vermiculite and blotting paper) and three temperatures (20, 25 and 30 °C). The following factors were evaluated: germination percentage, germination speed index, mean germination time and synchronization index. S. punicea presented 13,243 seeds and S. virgata presented 14,414 seeds per kilogram, with moisture content of 14.5 and 7.9 %, respectively. Both species present similar morphobiometry and seedling development. For S. punicea, the blotting paper substrate and the temperature of 25 °C were most efficient for germination. For S. virgata, all treatments were effective for germination.

scholarly journals Estimation of the cardinal temperatures for germination of four Satureja species growing in Iran

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamed Zarif Ketabi ◽  
Hamid Reza Khazaei ◽  
Ahmad Nezami ◽  
Seyed Reza Tabaei Aghdaei
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mean Germination Time ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
Cardinal Temperatures ◽  
Temperature Water

SummaryIntroduction Seed germination is a complex physiological process regulated by genetic and environmental factors including temperature, water, oxygen, light and pH. Among them, temperature is one of the most important factors controlling the maximum rate and percentage of diaspore germination. Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the cardinal temperatures (Tb, To, Tc) of four Satureja species growing in Iran. Methods: Seeds of Satureja mutica Fish. et C. A. Mey., S. macrantha C. A. Mey., S. sahandica Bornm and S. bachtiarica Bunge were germinated at nine constant temperatures (from 0 to 40°C) with 5°C intervals. A factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with four replications was applied to determine the cardinal temperatures estimated by three regression models including intersected-lines (ISL), quadratic polynomial (QPN) and five-parameters beta (FPB). Results: The highest germination percentage (GP) occurred at 20°C for S. mutica (86%), S. macrantha (55%), S. sahandica (81%) and S. bachtiarica (89%), but there was no significant difference between 20 and 25°C, except S. sahandica. Germination stopped at 0°C and 40°C. The highest germination rate (GR), the lowest mean germination time (MGT) and time to 50% germination (D50) were obtained at 20-25°C for all species. The GRmfor S. bachtiarica was significantly (p≤0.05) higher than for three other species in all temperatures. None of the species did reach to 50% germination at temperatures higher than 30°C. Conclusion: Obtained results revealed the superiority of S. bachtiarica over the other species, v.s. S. macrantha was inferior. FPB and ISL models were most reliable for predicting cardinal temperatures, because of higher R2value and the lower root mean square error (RMSE). S. macrantha and S. mutica showed the lowest and the highest cardinal temperatures, respectively, in all three models.

scholarly journals Effect of Salinity on Germination and Some Agro-morphological Traits in Chickpea Seedlings

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa CERİTOĞLU ◽  
Murat ERMAN ◽  
Figen YILDIZ
Keyword(s):  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Grain Legumes ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
The World ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Seedling Characteristics ◽  
Number Of Branches

Salinity is a global problem threatening all agriculture lands on the World. The 700 x 107 ha land is arable on the world, of which 150 x 107 ha can be cultivated, 34 x 107 ha is saline and, 56 x 107 ha is sodic. Moreover, it was reported that salt-affected areas are increasing by the day. Chickpea which is one of the most produced agricultural products overall the World is a sensitive genus to salt stress, like the other members of grain legumes. So, the aim of the study is to understand the effects of salinity on chickpea and variations in showed responses by cultivars in the early seedling stage. The 7 cultivars, including Diyar-95, Arda, Sarı-98, Yaşa-05, Hisar, Çakır and Aydın-92 and 3 NaCl doses (control, 50 mM and 100 mM) were used as a factor in the study. The experiment laid out in completely randomized design (CRD) with 6 replications. The investigated traits in the study were noteworthy affected by increasing NaCl doses. According to results, the maximum and minimum reduction rates in germination percentage, plant height, number of branches, stem diameter and fresh weight compared with the control were calculated as 8.4-39.6%, 10.5-36.7%, 15.1-43.3%, 8.4-31.0% and 12.5-42.5%, respectively. The present study indicated that cultivars exhibited a large variation in terms of responding to salinity. In addition, it was observed that Çakır and Arda cultivars were tolerant of salinity while Diyar-95 and Sarı-98 were susceptible. Consequently, the early seedling characteristics of different genotypes can be used as a substantial indicator of breeding programs.

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