scholarly journals First description of autochthonous canine visceral leishmaniasis in the metropolitan region of Vitória, State of Espírito Santo, Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 754-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco André Loureiro Tonini ◽  
Elenice Moreira Lemos ◽  
Alexandre Barbosa Reis ◽  
Wendel Coura Vital ◽  
Edelberto Santos Dias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Positive Culture ◽  
Human Case ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Leishmania Chagasi ◽  
Molecular Tests ◽  
Leishmania Spp ◽  
Polymerase Chain

INTRODUCTION: We investigated autochthonous canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) in the metropolitan region of Vitória (MRV), an area in which a human case was previously reported. METHODS: Serological, parasitological, and molecular tests were performed in 201 dogs. RESULTS: Twenty-six (13%) and 12 (6%) dogs were identified as positive using in-house enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and rK39 tests, respectively. Two dogs had a positive culture for Leishmania chagasi, and 4 were polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-positive for Leishmania spp. One positive dog belonged to the aforementioned patient. CONCLUSIONS: Although the responsible vector was not found, our results provide evidence of autochthonous CVL in the MRV, a non-endemic area for VL.

scholarly journals Leishmaniasp. Amastigotes Identification in Canine Transmissible Venereal Tumor

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinicius Soares Carreira ◽  
Heitor Flávio Ferrari ◽  
Ingeborg Maria Langohr ◽  
Charles Mackenzie ◽  
Luiz Carlos Montezzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Tumor Tissue ◽  
Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Leishmania Chagasi ◽  
Neoplastic Tissue ◽  
Mixed Breed ◽  
Route Of Transmission ◽  
Vector Borne ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Male Genital

Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne disease withLeishmania chagasibeing the etiological agent of canine visceral leishmaniasis in South America. Canine venereal tumor is a transplantable round cell tumor of histiocytic origin which is mostly observed in sexually active male and female intact dogs. It has been shown thatLeishmaniaamastigotes have higher tropism for the canine male genital tract tissues and venereal leishmaniasis transmission has been documented in dogs but, to date, a canine venereal tumor-dependent transmission route has not been fully demonstrated. In this report, a 10-year-old, mixed breed, intact female dog presented a vaginal venereal transmissible tumor but no other clinical abnormalities otherwise. Unexpectedly, tumor tissue imprint smears examination revealedLeishmaniasp. amastigotes within infiltrating macrophages. In addition to the cytological direct identification, the protozoan was confirmed within the neoplastic tissue by means of immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction. This report illustrates an asymptomaticLeishmaniasp. infection that may have started on or from the canine venereal tumor tissue, the latter option further supporting previous evidence of such an alternative vector-independent route of transmission for canine visceral leishmaniasis in areas where these diseases coexist.

scholarly journals Canine visceral leishmaniasis: perception, prevalence, and spatial distribution in municipality of Nossa Senhora do Livramento, Mato Grosso, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matheus Roberto Carvalho ◽  
Álvaro Felipe de Lima Ruy Dias ◽  
Arleana do Bom Parto Ferreira de Almeida ◽  
Mário Ribeiro Alves ◽  
Adilson Santos Paes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Spatially Distributed ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Leishmania Spp

Abstract The midwest region of Brazil has witnessed an increase in the number of cases of human (HVL) and canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL). The aim of the present study was to evaluate the population’s perception of these diseases, factors associated with CVL, its spatial distribution, and the prevalence of anti-Leishmania spp. in 385 dogs, determined using a commercially available immunochromatographic rapid test and confirmed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Of the 385 samples, 54 were positive for CVL and confirmed by ELISA, corresponding to a prevalence of 14%. Knowledge of signs of CVL by tutors (p = 0.038); previous occurrence of CVL in the vicinity (p = 0.022); symptomatic dog(s) (p = 0.014), splenomegaly (p = 0.055), and ear ulcer(s) (p = 0.059) were significantly associated with CVL. The results revealed a significant prevalence of CVL spatially distributed in rural and urban contexts. The association between environmentally related variables and perception and the occurrence of CVL underscores the importance of implementing control and prevention strategies primarily focused on environmental management and health education activities.

scholarly journals Specific Serodiagnosis of Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis Using Leishmania Species Ribosomal Protein Extracts

2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 1774-1780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo A. F. Coelho ◽  
Laura Ramírez ◽  
Mariana A. F. Costa ◽  
Vinicio T. S. Coelho ◽  
Vivian T. Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Ribosomal Proteins ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Leishmania Species ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Leishmania Chagasi ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Potential Tool

ABSTRACT In the present work, we have analyzed the antigenicity of Leishmania species ribosomal proteins (LRPs). To accomplish this, Leishmania infantum ribosomes were biochemically purified from promastigote cytosolic extracts, and their reactivities were analyzed by using the sera from dogs naturally infected with L. infantum. Since antibodies reacting against different ribosomal proteins were observed in all the serum samples obtained from dogs with symptomatic visceral leishmaniasis tested, we have analyzed the potential usefulness of the LRP extracts in the development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the serodiagnosis of canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) in an area of Brazil where visceral leishmaniasis is endemic due to infection by Leishmania chagasi. A comparative ELISA with crude soluble Leishmania chagasi antigen (SLA) and L. infantum LRPs was performed. LRP- and SLA-based ELISAs gave similar sensitivities for the diagnosis of symptomatic CVL, but the LRP extract provided a very high sensitivity for the detection of oligosymptomatic and asymptomatic dogs. In addition, an LRP-based ELISA showed a higher specificity when the sera from dogs harboring other infections were included in the analysis. The LRP antigen displayed no cross-reactivity with sera from dogs that had any of the other diseases tested, notably, Chagas' disease. Our findings suggest that LRPs are a potential tool for the diagnosis of CVL and will be particularly useful for the diagnosis of asymptomatic CVL.

scholarly journals PARTICIPATION OF TICKS IN THE INFECTIOUS CYCLE OF CANINE VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS, IN TERESINA, PIAUÍ, BRAZIL

2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 297-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Henrique Furtado Campos ◽  
Francisco Assis Lima Costa
Keyword(s):  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Bone Marrow Aspiration ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Positive Skin ◽  
Leishmania Spp ◽  
The City ◽  
Infectious Cycle ◽  
Immunofluorescence Antibody Test

In this study, we detected Leishmania spp. infection in R. sanguineus collected from dogs that were naturally infected with L. (L.) infantum. We examined 35 dogs of both sexes and unknown ages. The infected dogs were serologically positive by the immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and Quick Test-DPP (Dual Path Platform), as well as parasitological examination of a positive skin biopsy or sternal bone marrow aspiration. Ten negative dogs were included as controls. The ticks that infested these dogs were collected in pools of 10 adult females per animal. The PCR was performed with specific primers for Leishmania spp., which amplified a 720-bp fragment. Of the 35 analyzed samples, a product was observed in eight samples (8/35; 22.9%). We conclude that the presence of parasite DNA suggests that ticks participate in the zoonotic cycle of canine visceral leishmaniasis, in the city of Teresina, Piauí.

Canine visceral leishmaniasis: Detection of Leishmania spp. genome in peripheral blood of seropositive dogs by real-time polymerase chain reaction (rt-PCR)

2019 ◽  
Vol 126 ◽  
pp. 263-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrício Moreira Monteiro ◽  
Amanda Sanchez Machado ◽  
Fabiana Rocha-Silva ◽  
Cláudia Barbosa Assunção ◽  
Cidiane Graciele-Melo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Leishmania Spp ◽  
Polymerase Chain

scholarly journals First autochthonous case of canine visceral leishmaniasis in Volta Redonda, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 424-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monique Paiva de Campos ◽  
Denise Amaro da Silva ◽  
Maria de Fátima Madeira ◽  
Artur Augusto Mendes Velho Júnior ◽  
Fabiano Borges Figueiredo
Keyword(s):  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Leishmania Chagasi ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Autochthonous Case ◽  
Canine Diseases

In Brazil, American visceral leishmaniasis (AVL) is caused byLeishmania (Leishmania) chagasi and its main vector isLutzomyia longipalpis. Cases of canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) in non-endemic areas have been reported over the last few years throughout the country. The objective of this research note is to describe an autochthonous case of CVL that occurred in the municipality of Volta Redonda, state of Rio de Janeiro, an area where the disease is not endemic, alerting veterinarians and the scientific community to the expansion of this important zoonosis and advising veterinary practitioners on how to deal with a suspicion of CVL. Canine visceral leishmaniasis can be misdiagnosed within a broad spectrum of canine diseases based on clinical and laboratory findings. Therefore, knowledge of its clinical manifestations, specific and sensitive laboratory diagnostic tests and parasitological procedures are of the utmost importance for rapid confirmation and notification of a case, thus contributing directly to the control of a focus.

Comparative evaluation of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on crude and purified antigen in the diagnosis of canine visceral leishmaniasis in symptomatic and oligosymptomatic dogs

2008 ◽  
Vol 157 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 175-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresinha Cristina Cândido ◽  
Sílvia Helena Venturoli Perri ◽  
Tatiana de Oliveira Gerzoschkwitz ◽  
Maria Cecília Rui Luvizotto ◽  
Valéria Marçal Felix de Lima
Keyword(s):  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Purified Antigen

scholarly journals Assessment of PCR in the detection of Leishmania spp in experimentally infected individual phlebotomine sandflies (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae)

2002 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 255-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Érika M. MICHALSKY ◽  
Consuelo L. FORTES-DIAS ◽  
Paulo F.P. PIMENTA ◽  
Nágila F.C. SECUNDINO ◽  
Edelberto S. DIAS
Keyword(s):  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Infected Individual ◽  
Dna Amplification ◽  
Leishmania Braziliensis ◽  
Lutzomyia Longipalpis ◽  
Leishmania Chagasi ◽  
Phlebotomine Sandflies ◽  
Leishmania Spp ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Lutzomyia Migonei

DNA amplification by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was applied in the investigation of the presence of Leishmania (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae) parasites in single phlebotomine sandflies. Three phlebotomine/parasite pairs were used: Lutzomyia longipalpis/Leishmania chagasi, Lutzomyia migonei/Leishmania amazonensis and Lutzomyia migonei/Leishmania braziliensis, all of them incriminated in the transmission of visceral or cutaneous leishmaniasis. DNA extraction was performed with whole insects, with no need of previous digestive tract dissection or pooling specimens. The presence of either mouse blood in the digestive tract of the sandflies or the digestive tract itself did not interfere in the PCR. Infection by as few as 10 Leishmania sp. per individual were sufficient for DNA amplification with genus-specific primers. Using primers for L. braziliensis and L. mexicana complexes, respectively, it was possible to discriminate between L. braziliensis and L. amazonensis in experimentally infected vectors (L. migonei).

Comparison of the Polymerase Chain Reaction and Serology for the Detection of Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Ashford ◽  
Wim Degrave ◽  
Conceicao Eulalio ◽  
Roberto Badaro ◽  
Ulisses Lopes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain

scholarly journals GEOGRAPHICAL EXPANSION OF CANINE VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS IN RIO DE JANEIRO STATE, BRAZIL

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 435-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise Amaro da SILVA ◽  
Maria de Fátima MADEIRA ◽  
Fabiano Borges FIGUEIREDO
Keyword(s):  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Etiologic Agent ◽  
Domestic Dog ◽  
Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Public Agencies ◽  
Leishmania Chagasi ◽  
Geographical Expansion ◽  
Vector Borne ◽  
Janeiro State

SUMMARY Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) is a vector-borne disease that affects humans, and domestic and wild animals. It is caused by the protozoan Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum (syn = Leishmania chagasi). The domestic dog (Canis familiaris) is considered the main reservoir of the etiologic agent of VL in domestic and peridomestic environments. In the past three years, although control actions involving domestic dogs are routinely performed in endemic areas of the Rio de Janeiro State, new cases of canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) have been reported in several municipalities. The objective of this short communication was to describe the geographical expansion of CVL in the Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, through its reports in the scientific literature and studies performed by our group. From 2010 to 2013, autochthonous and allochthonous cases of CVL were reported in the municipalities of Mangaratiba, Marica, Niteroi, Barra Mansa, Cachoeiras de Macacu, Volta Redonda, Resende and Rio de Janeiro. These reports demonstrate that CVL is in intense geographical expansion around the state; therefore, a joint effort by public agencies, veterinarians and researchers is needed in order to minimize and/or even prevent the dispersion of this disease.

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