scholarly journals Apparent digestibility of ingredients in diets for Salminus brasiliensis

2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luís Gustavo Tavares Braga ◽  
Ricardo Borghesi ◽  
José Eurico Possebon Cyrino
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Corn Gluten Meal ◽  
Protein Sources ◽  
Corn Gluten ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Salminus Brasiliensis ◽  
Spray Dried

The objective of this work was to determine the nutritional value of different protein sources for "dourado" (Salminus brasiliensis). Thirty juveniles per group (33.51±1.4 g) were hand fed on a reference diet (70%) added of tested ingredients (30%) and chromium oxide III (0.1%). Apparent digestibility coefficients of the gross energy (ADC GE), crude protein (ADC CP) and amino acids of the tested ingredients were evaluated. Corn gluten meal yielded the best results for ADC GE and ADC CP (95.7 and 96.9%, respectively) amongst plant ingredients. Spray-dried blood meal yielded the best values of ADC GE and ADC CP amongst animal ingredients (94.1 and 96.3%, respectively). Wheat bran yielded poorest ADCs coefficients (77 for ADC GE and 88.2% for ADC CP).

scholarly journals Apparent digestibility of nutrients and energy of conventional ingredients for the silver mojarra, Diapterus rhombeus

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 1655
Author(s):  
Francisco Oliveira de Magalhães Júnior ◽  
Ricardo Henrique Bastos de Souza ◽  
Érica Bevitório Passinato ◽  
Filipe Dos Santos Cipriano ◽  
Kauana Santos Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Corn Meal ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Corn Gluten ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Maize Meal

Knowledge on the nutritional value of feed ingredient is an important step in the formulation of diets in order to maximize animal productivity. Thus a study was conducted to determine the apparent digestibility coefficients (ADC) of dry matter (ADCDM), crude protein (ADCCP), gross energy (ADCGE) and amino acids (ADCAA) of conventional feed ingredients for juvenile silver mojarra (13.0 ± 3.23 g). The study was conducted in the laboratory for nutrition and feeding of fish (AQUANUT), using 80 silver mojarra collected in nature, which were kept in digestibility aquaria for a period of 21 days. The following ingredients were evaluated: fish meal, soybean meal, corn meal, corn gluten meal, rice bran, wheat bran and starch, which substituted 30% of a reference pelletized diet with 325.00 g kg-1 crude protein and 3,692 Kcal kg-1 gross energy. Additionally 1.0 g kg-1 chrome oxide was added to each diet as a marker. The excreta were obtained using three repetitions for each tested ingredient, which were dried for further analyses. The soybean meal showed the best ADCDM value (67.45%), followed by the other ingredients. There was no significant difference between the soybean meal (95.16%), fish meal (92.97%) and the corn meal (91.90%) for the best ADCCP coefficients. The ADCGE for soybean meal and maize meal were 65.23% and 60.31%, respectively, followed by fish meal (51.85%). The results demonstrate that silver mojarra can digest animal protein as well as that of vegetal origin. Silver mojarra can also efficiently digest and absorb some of the main amino acids of fish, such as lysine, methionine and threonine, from the same studied ingredients.

scholarly journals True and apparent digestibility of protein and amino acids of feed in Nile tilapia

2011 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 939-946 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe Barbosa Ribeiro ◽  
Eduardo Arruda Teixeira Lanna ◽  
Marcos Antonio Delmondes Bomfim ◽  
Juarez Lopes Donzele ◽  
Moisés Quadros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Corn Gluten Meal ◽  
Corn Gluten ◽  
True Digestibility

It was determined in this work the coefficients of apparent and true digestibility of protein and amino acids of five feeds (corn, wheat bran, soybean meal, corn gluten meal, fish meal) in Nile tilapia. It was used 252 reverted Thai strain Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in growth phase, with weight of 310 ± 9.68 g, distributed in experimental randomized blocks design, with five treatments, six replicates per treatment and seven fish per experimental unit. Each experimental diet contained a single source of protein, composed by the studied ingredients. An additional group of fish was fed protein-free diet for quantification of the endogenous fraction and determination of true digestibility coefficients. Digestibility was estimated by the indirect method by using chromium oxide at the concentration of 0.50% of the diet as a marker, performing fecal collection at every four hour interval by using decantation technique. Coefficients of apparent digestibility of the protein and amino acids are: corn, 83.57 and 82.45%; wheat bran 82.87 and 81.47%; soybean meal 91.12 and 89.41%; corn gluten meal 90.07 and 87.78%; fish meal 83.53 and 81.65% respectively. Coefficients of true digestibility of protein and the mean of the amino acids are: corn, 90.02 and 89.60%; wheat bran 89.62 and 89.14%; soybean meal 93.58 and 91.88%; corn gluten meal 92.50 and 90.34%; fish meal 86.01 and 84.27%, respectively.

scholarly journals Apparent digestibility of nutrients, energy, and amino acid of nontoxic and detoxified physic nut cakes for Nile tilapia

2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (9) ◽  
pp. 849-853
Author(s):  
Hamilton Hisano ◽  
Marco Aurélio Lopes Della Flora ◽  
José Luiz Pilecco ◽  
Simone Mendonça
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
The Other ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Physic Nut ◽  
Apparent Digestibility Coefficient ◽  
Gross Energy

Abstract:The objective of this work was to evaluate the apparent digestibility coefficients of nutrients, energy, and amino acids of nontoxic and detoxified physic nut cakes treated with solvent plus posterior extrusion, for Nile tilapia. The apparent digestibility coefficients of crude protein and gross energy were higher for detoxified than for nontoxic physic nut cake. However, the apparent digestibility coefficient of ether extract of the nontoxic physic nut cake was higher than that of the detoxified one. The apparent digestibility coefficient of amino acids of both feed ingredients was superior to 80%, except for glycine, for the nontoxic psychic nut cake, and for threonine, for the detoxified one. Nontoxic and detoxified physic nut cakes show apparent digestibility coefficient values equivalent to those of the other evaluated oilseeds and potential for inclusion in Nile tilapia diets.

scholarly journals Apparent digestibility of wheat and coproducts in extruded diets for the Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 479-491
Author(s):  
Luiz Vítor Oliveira VIDAL ◽  
Tadeu Orlandi XAVIER ◽  
Lorena Batista de MOURA ◽  
Mariana MICHELATO ◽  
Elias Nunes MARTINS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Wheat Germ ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Gross Energy

SUMMARY In the present study, we investigated the digestibility of wheat and its coproducts in extruded diets for juvenile Nile tilapia. Specifically, we evaluated the apparent digestibility coefficients (ADCs) of dry matter (ADCDM), gross energy (ADCGE), crude protein (ADCCP), essential amino acids (EAAs), and non-essential amino acids (NEAAs) in winter wheat, spring wheat, wheat middling, wheat bran, and wheat germ in a diet fed Nile tilapia. A reference diet and test diets were used, with 5.0g/kg chromic oxide (Cr2O3) as the external indicator. The ADCDM, ADCCP, and ADCGE were higher (P< 0.05) in winter wheat, spring wheat, and wheat germ than for wheat middling and wheat bran. The ADCs of all amino acids (AAs) were >80%, except for threonine in wheat middling and wheat bran, exceeding 90% for winter wheat and wheat germ. The values of all investigated ingredients were high for ADCCP, and the ADCs of EAAs and NEAAs. A strong negative correlation was detected for crude fiber and ash with the ADCs of dry matter, gross energy, and crude protein. In general, wheat ingredients have good digestibility of protein and amino acids, but high fiber content reduces CDAMS and CDAEB in extruded diets for Nile tilapia.

Modifying duodenal flow of amino acids by manipulation of dietary protein sources

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. H. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Blood Meal ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
Corn Gluten Meal ◽  
Protein Sources ◽  
Rumen Degradation ◽  
Acid Protein ◽  
Corn Gluten

Four multiparous Holstein dairy cows in mid-lactation were utilized in a 4 × 4 Latin square design experiment to measure the response in intestinal amino acid profiles to progressive substitution of blood meal for corn gluten meal as the protein supplement. In addition, the influence of these protein sources on rumen fermentation and digestion as well as forestomach bacterial growth and escape were compared with a diet supplemented with soybean meal, a rapidly rumen-degraded protein source. Cows were offered a mixed silage ration of alfalfa silage (79.8% of DM) and corn silage (20.2% of DM) twice daily. Cows were also offered mixed concentrate at 123% (DM:DM) of the mixed silage ration in six equal meals per day to provide soybean meal, corn gluten meal, blood meal or a combination of the latter two sources as the primary supplemental protein source. Rumen soluble non-ammonia N concentrations were higher in cows fed soybean meal and declined linearly as blood meal substituted for corn gluten meal in the concentrate. Forestomach disappearance of N tended (P = 0.09) to be higher for the cows fed soybean meal vs. all other diets, and tended (P = 0.09) to be higher with the combined corn gluten meal and blood meal diet vs. the diets containing either alone. The latter is consistent with higher forestomach digestion of DM and OM in cows fed the combined diet. Rumen pool sizes of most DM components were lower when cows were fed soybean meal and, with the exception of N pools, increased linearly as blood meal substituted for corn gluten meal. Duodenal flow of amino acid protein was lower when cows were fed soybean meal, due mainly to reduced bacterial flow, and was lowest for the combined diet within the corn gluten meal and blood meal diets. The amino acid profile of duodenal protein differed for 12 of 17 amino acids examined when cows were fed the soybean meal diet vs. the other diets, and 12 of 17 amino acids either increased or decreased linearly as blood meal substituted for corn gluten meal. Data reported here and by previous researchers suggest an associative effect of addition of corn gluten meal and blood meal to the diet which increased rumen degradation of dietary protein. These data also show that manipulating the dietary source of supplemental protein can influence the amino acid profile of duodenally delivered amino acid protein as well as indicate that the rate of rumen degradation of individual amino acids differs among protein sources. In this study, methionine, cystine and histidine appeared to be more rapidly degraded in corn gluten meal than in blood meal, whereas glutamic acid, proline, isoleucine, threonine and lysine were more rapidly degraded in blood meal. Key words: Dairy cow, rumen bacteria, amino acid

scholarly journals Performance of juveniles of Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum fed graded levels of corn gluten meal

2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 838-845 ◽  
Author(s):  
Álvaro José de Almeida Bicudo ◽  
Ricardo Borghesi ◽  
Jony Koji Dairiki ◽  
Ricardo Yuji Sado ◽  
José Eurico Possebon Cyrino
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Corn Gluten Meal ◽  
Body Protein ◽  
Corn Gluten ◽  
Mesenteric Fat ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Yellow Coloration ◽  
Yellow Pigmentation ◽  
Striped Catfish

The objective of this work was to evaluate corn gluten meal (CGM) as a substitute for fish meal in diets for striped catfish (Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum) juveniles. Eight isonitrogenous (46% crude protein) and isoenergetic (3,450 kcal kg-1 digestible energy) diets, with increasing levels of CGM - 0, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, and 42% -, were fed to juvenile striped catfish (113.56±5.10 g) for seven weeks. Maximum values for weight gain, specific growth rate, protein efficiency ratio and feed conversion ratio, evaluated by polynomial quadratic regression, were observed with 10.4, 11.4, 15.4 and 15% of CGM inclusion, respectively. Feed intake decreased significantly from 0.8% CGM. Mesenteric fat index and body gross energy decreased linearly with increasing levels of CGM; minimum body protein contents were observed with 34.1% CGM. Yellow pigmentation of fillets significantly increased until 26.5% CGM, and decreased from this point forth. Both plasma glucose and protein concentrations decreased with increased CGM levels. The inclusion of 10-15% CGM promotes optimum of striped catfish juveniles depending on the parameter evaluated. Yellow coloration in fillets produced by CGM diets can have marketing implications.

scholarly journals Apparent digestibility of energetic ingredients by pirarucu juveniles, Arapaima gigas (Schinz, 1822)

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 786-791
Author(s):  
Filipe Dos Santos-Cipriano ◽  
Kauana Santos de Lima ◽  
Érica Bevitório-Passinato ◽  
Raildo Mota de Jesus ◽  
Francisco Oliveira de Magalhães Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Corn Starch ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Gross Energy

An understanding of feed ingredient digestibility for the pirarucu is a fundamental step in the development of feeds that promote proper growth of the specie while in captivity. A digestibility trial was conducted with four treatments in triplicate (corn starch, corn, rice bran and wheat bran) to evaluate the digestibility of dry matter, gross energy, crude protein and amino acids by the pirarucu. We used indirect methodology with the inclusion of chromium oxide at 0.1% in the feeds. In total, 18 juveniles were used, with an average live weight of 235 ± 36 g. The sampled juveniles were trained to consume the feeds prior to testing. The corn and cornstarch presented the best apparent digestibility coefficients (ADCs) of dry matter, with 76.37% and 70.66%, respectively, followed by rice bran (46.23%) and wheat bran (45.13%). The best ADCs of crude protein were observed in corn (93.44%) and cornstarch (90.94%) compared to rice bran (68.23%) and wheat bran (68.58%). There was no significant difference in the ADC of gross energy; the values ranged from 47.10% for corn starch to 40.10% for corn. The corn and corn starch presented the best ADCs for all the amino acids evaluated, followed by rice bran and wheat bran.

scholarly journals THE CHARACTERISTIC OF COMPOUND FEEDS FOR TILAPIA FISH

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. V. FIHURSKA ◽  
V. V. THORENKO,
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Crude Fiber ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
World Volume ◽  
The World ◽  
Gross Energy

The article states that, according to the literature review, in aquaculture of freshwater fish species that acquire everincreasing production volumes, tilapia is leading with 17%, and it is follower by carp (15% of world volume). For almost 60 years, tilapia have moved into second place in the global fish production, with the prospect of taking first place in the next 2-3 years and overtake carp in world production. Since fish is a rich source of proteins and essential amino acids, vitamins, polyunsaturated fatty acids, macro and micronutrients, it is also an important component of the diet of the population. Meat of tilapia is dense, non-fat, protein content close to trout meat, does not contain intermuscular bones. One of the priorities of the development of fish farming in Ukraine is the cultivation of tilapia. The amount of feed consumption in the world is increasing every year, due to the rapid growth in demand for tilapia. Currently, Ukrainian businessmen are interested in the production of catfish and tilapia. The most famous aquapride plants that grow these breeding objects are Lauren Aquaculture LLC (Rivne region), Aqua System Organic LLC (Kiev region), Catfish from Pavlysh TM (Kirovograd region), TM “First City Fish Farm ‘’I want a catfish ”(Kiev). That is why the production of balanced domestic feed for tilapia is an important task of the feed industry of Ukraine. The theoretical study was devoted to the issue of tilapia feed production. The nutritional value of feed for tilapia depends on the stage of the life cycle of this species of fish. It was shown the world leading manufacturers of feed for tilapia, it was analyzed the nutritional value of feed for this species of fish on the content of crude protein in the starting, growth and finishing periods, respectively. The requirements for the content of essential nutrients, essential amino acids, minerals (micro and micronutrients), water-and fat-soluble vitamins and restrictions on the content of crude fiber are given. The programs of feeding of tilapia of various producers are analyzed and an own program of feeding this species of fish is developed, it is divided the starting, growth and finishing period of tilapia growing. For starter mixed feeds for tilapia, the content of crude protein should be at least 45%, crude fat at least 12%, crude fiber not more than 1.5%, gross energy not less than 18 MJ, crude ash not more than 8%. For grower’s feeds, the content of crude protein should be at least 40 %, crude fat at least 12%, crude fiber not more than 3%, gross energy not less than 17 MJ, crude ash not more than 9.5%. For finishing feeds, the content of crude protein should be at least 30 %, crude fat at least 6%, crude fiber not more than 5%, gross energy not less than 17 MJ, crude ash not more than 7%. Amino acids requirements are very important for tilapia fish, feeds for tilapia from any period should contain lysine should be at least 1.6%, methionine should be at least 0.7 %.

A note on the influence of micronization and polyethylene glycol on the nutritional value of brown sorghum for growing pigs

1980 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. P. Savage ◽  
W. C. Smith ◽  
P. A. Briggs
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Gross Energy

ABSTRACTMicronization followed by grinding of brown-seeded sorghum increased starch availability in vitro but had no effect on proximate composition of the grain. In diets containing 70% of sorghum in ground or micronized and ground form, apparent digestibility of dry matter and nitrogen and nitrogen retention by growing pigs were improved (2·5, 5·0 and 12·2% respectively). Addition to the diet of 0*2 g polyethylene glycol per g crude protein in the sorghum fraction produced similar effects. In the ground cereal diet inclusion of polyethylene glycol increased apparent digestibility of gross energy (3·8%) and improved metabolizable energy content by 5·5%, but i n the micronized and ground cereal diet the additive had no effect.

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