scholarly journals THE CHARACTERISTIC OF COMPOUND FEEDS FOR TILAPIA FISH

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. V. FIHURSKA ◽  
V. V. THORENKO,
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Crude Fiber ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
World Volume ◽  
The World ◽  
Gross Energy

The article states that, according to the literature review, in aquaculture of freshwater fish species that acquire everincreasing production volumes, tilapia is leading with 17%, and it is follower by carp (15% of world volume). For almost 60 years, tilapia have moved into second place in the global fish production, with the prospect of taking first place in the next 2-3 years and overtake carp in world production. Since fish is a rich source of proteins and essential amino acids, vitamins, polyunsaturated fatty acids, macro and micronutrients, it is also an important component of the diet of the population. Meat of tilapia is dense, non-fat, protein content close to trout meat, does not contain intermuscular bones. One of the priorities of the development of fish farming in Ukraine is the cultivation of tilapia. The amount of feed consumption in the world is increasing every year, due to the rapid growth in demand for tilapia. Currently, Ukrainian businessmen are interested in the production of catfish and tilapia. The most famous aquapride plants that grow these breeding objects are Lauren Aquaculture LLC (Rivne region), Aqua System Organic LLC (Kiev region), Catfish from Pavlysh TM (Kirovograd region), TM “First City Fish Farm ‘’I want a catfish ”(Kiev). That is why the production of balanced domestic feed for tilapia is an important task of the feed industry of Ukraine. The theoretical study was devoted to the issue of tilapia feed production. The nutritional value of feed for tilapia depends on the stage of the life cycle of this species of fish. It was shown the world leading manufacturers of feed for tilapia, it was analyzed the nutritional value of feed for this species of fish on the content of crude protein in the starting, growth and finishing periods, respectively. The requirements for the content of essential nutrients, essential amino acids, minerals (micro and micronutrients), water-and fat-soluble vitamins and restrictions on the content of crude fiber are given. The programs of feeding of tilapia of various producers are analyzed and an own program of feeding this species of fish is developed, it is divided the starting, growth and finishing period of tilapia growing. For starter mixed feeds for tilapia, the content of crude protein should be at least 45%, crude fat at least 12%, crude fiber not more than 1.5%, gross energy not less than 18 MJ, crude ash not more than 8%. For grower’s feeds, the content of crude protein should be at least 40 %, crude fat at least 12%, crude fiber not more than 3%, gross energy not less than 17 MJ, crude ash not more than 9.5%. For finishing feeds, the content of crude protein should be at least 30 %, crude fat at least 6%, crude fiber not more than 5%, gross energy not less than 17 MJ, crude ash not more than 7%. Amino acids requirements are very important for tilapia fish, feeds for tilapia from any period should contain lysine should be at least 1.6%, methionine should be at least 0.7 %.

scholarly journals THE CHARACTERISTIC OF COMPOUND FEEDS FOR CLARIAS GARIEPINUS

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. IEGOROV ◽  
L. FIHURSKA ◽  
М. TERZI ◽  
O. RUHLENKO
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Wheat Gluten ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
State Agency ◽  
Crude Fiber ◽  
Gross Energy

The article states that industrial fish farming in inland waters has become increasingly important in the recent years and it is one of the sources for satisfying the needs of people in the high-protein foods. The fish meat is an extremely rich source of proteins, which are easily digested, vitamins, polyunsaturated fatty acids, macro- and microelements. One of the priorities of the development of the fish farming in Ukraine is the cultivation of the Clarias gariepinus. Clarias gariepinus or African sharptooth catfish is a species of catfish of the family Clariidae, the airbreathing catfishes. In 2017, with the support of the Ukrainian State Agency, the Institute of Fisheries of Ukraine on the part of the state and the companies Vismar Aqua, Aquaprom and the Dutch company Trouw Nutrition («Skretting»), the program was developed to increase the cultivation of the Clarias gariepinus under the name Clarias gariepinus - 2020. The objective of the program is to provide 2020 tons of Clarias gariepinus until 2020. Today, the production of the Clarias gariepinus in Ukraine is about 500 tons per year; about50 farms are engaged in cultivation. That is why the production of balanced domestic compound feeds for Clarias gariepinus is an important task of the feed industry of Ukraine. The theoretical study was devoted to the problem of the production of compound feeds for the Clarias gariepinus. The nutritional value of compound feeds for Clarias gariepinus a depends on the stage of the life cycle of this species of fish. The above world leaders are manufacturers of compound feeds for Clarias gariepinus, the analysis of granule size and nutritional value of compound feeds on the content of crude protein in prestarting, starting, growth and finishing periods respectively. The requirements for the content of essential and non-essential amino acids, minerals (micro and micronutrients), waterand fat soluble vitamins and restrictions on the content of crude fiber are given. Indicated the main and additional raw materials, traditionally used in the manufacture of data feed advanced companies. The main components are fish meal, produced under relatively low drying conditions, wing meal, corn and wheat gluten, soy products, by-products of extraction oil and press production oil (soya, sunflower and other cakes and meals), premisex, carotenoids like astaxanthin. The feeding programs of the Clarias gariepinus of various manufacturers have been analyzed and their own feeding program has been developed for this species of fish; it divides the period of cultivation of the Clarias gariepinus into prelaunch, starting, growth and finishing ones. For prestart mixed feeds, the content of crude protein should be at least 45%, raw fat at least 12%, raw fiber not more than 1.8%, gross energy not less than 13.7 MJ, raw ash not more than 8%. For starter feed, the content of crude protein should be at least 42%, raw fat at least 12%, raw fiber not more than 3%, gross energy not less than 13.1 MJ,raw ash not more than 9.5%. For grower’s feeds, the content of crude protein should be at least 38%, raw fat at least 12%, crude fiber not more than 3%, gross energy not less than 12 MJ, raw ash not more than 9.5%.

scholarly journals Apparent digestibility of ingredients in diets for Salminus brasiliensis

2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luís Gustavo Tavares Braga ◽  
Ricardo Borghesi ◽  
José Eurico Possebon Cyrino
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Corn Gluten Meal ◽  
Protein Sources ◽  
Corn Gluten ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Salminus Brasiliensis ◽  
Spray Dried

The objective of this work was to determine the nutritional value of different protein sources for "dourado" (Salminus brasiliensis). Thirty juveniles per group (33.51±1.4 g) were hand fed on a reference diet (70%) added of tested ingredients (30%) and chromium oxide III (0.1%). Apparent digestibility coefficients of the gross energy (ADC GE), crude protein (ADC CP) and amino acids of the tested ingredients were evaluated. Corn gluten meal yielded the best results for ADC GE and ADC CP (95.7 and 96.9%, respectively) amongst plant ingredients. Spray-dried blood meal yielded the best values of ADC GE and ADC CP amongst animal ingredients (94.1 and 96.3%, respectively). Wheat bran yielded poorest ADCs coefficients (77 for ADC GE and 88.2% for ADC CP).

scholarly journals The nutritional value, bacterial count and sensory attributes of little tuna (Euthynnus affinis) floss incorporated with the banana blossom

10.5219/1657 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 846-857
Author(s):  
Hartati Kartikaningsih ◽  
Yahya Yahya ◽  
Trihartita Yuniar ◽  
Abdul Aziz Jaziri ◽  
Wahidu Zzaman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Euthynnus Affinis

The study aimed to evaluate the addition of banana blossom (12.5, 25, 37.5, and 50% w/w) on nutritional quality, histamine content, bacterial count, and sensory characteristic in the fish floss prepared from little tuna (Euthynnus affinis). The crude protein content, essential amino acids, lipid, and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) steadily decreased (p <0.05), while the crude fibre, carbohydrate, and ash components of the tuna floss, increased significantly (p <0.05) with increasing levels of banana blossom. The contents of protein, fat, ash, fibre, carbohydrate, and moisture ranged 28.13 – 30.27%, 14.79 – 18.02%, 4.45 – 5.68%, 2.6 – 3.5%, 27.81 – 31.01, and 16.45 – 17.39%, respectively, and most of them met the Indonesian National Standard. For essential and non-essential amino acids, the level varied about 102.82 mg.g-1 to 206.76 mg.g-1 and 79.71 mg.g-1 to 138.76 mg.g-1, respectively in the treated tuna flosses. Moreover, ranging 13.72 – 16.29% of PUFA was found in all treated flosses. The most significant effect was found in the histamine levels of the tuna flosses, especially in the 50% added floss sample. Moreover, bacterial counts and heavy metals content were lower than the maximum limits regulated by the Indonesian National Standard. For sensory evaluation, the banana blossom-added samples significantly increased (p >0.05) the acceptability score for all attributes assessed. Taken together, the tuna floss added with 37.5% of banana blossom may be potentially developed as a low-histamine tuna-based product with high ffibre andEPA+DHA, as well as highly acceptable for consumers.

scholarly journals Apparent digestibility of wheat and coproducts in extruded diets for the Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 479-491
Author(s):  
Luiz Vítor Oliveira VIDAL ◽  
Tadeu Orlandi XAVIER ◽  
Lorena Batista de MOURA ◽  
Mariana MICHELATO ◽  
Elias Nunes MARTINS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Wheat Germ ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Gross Energy

SUMMARY In the present study, we investigated the digestibility of wheat and its coproducts in extruded diets for juvenile Nile tilapia. Specifically, we evaluated the apparent digestibility coefficients (ADCs) of dry matter (ADCDM), gross energy (ADCGE), crude protein (ADCCP), essential amino acids (EAAs), and non-essential amino acids (NEAAs) in winter wheat, spring wheat, wheat middling, wheat bran, and wheat germ in a diet fed Nile tilapia. A reference diet and test diets were used, with 5.0g/kg chromic oxide (Cr2O3) as the external indicator. The ADCDM, ADCCP, and ADCGE were higher (P< 0.05) in winter wheat, spring wheat, and wheat germ than for wheat middling and wheat bran. The ADCs of all amino acids (AAs) were >80%, except for threonine in wheat middling and wheat bran, exceeding 90% for winter wheat and wheat germ. The values of all investigated ingredients were high for ADCCP, and the ADCs of EAAs and NEAAs. A strong negative correlation was detected for crude fiber and ash with the ADCs of dry matter, gross energy, and crude protein. In general, wheat ingredients have good digestibility of protein and amino acids, but high fiber content reduces CDAMS and CDAEB in extruded diets for Nile tilapia.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the chemical composition of dry dogfoods commercialized in Chile used for growing dogs

2008 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 218-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.A. Alvarado ◽  
S.M. Hodgkinson ◽  
D. Alomar ◽  
D. Boroschek
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Total Fat ◽  
Nutrient Profiles

The nutritional quality of dry dogfood commercialized in Chile for growing dogs was studied. Samples from at least three different batches of 26 dogfood brands were mixed. The resultant samples (n=26) were chemically analyzed to determine their concentrations of dry matter (DM), gross energy, fiber, ash, crude protein, essential amino acids, total fat, linoleic acid and minerals. The metabolizable energy (ME) content of each sample was estimated using modified atwater factors. The results from the chemical analyses were compared with the nutrient profiles published by the American Association of Feed Control Officials (AAFCO). Dogfoods that were found to contain an estimated ME of over 4,000kcal/kg DM were corrected for their high energy density before comparison. All of the dogfoods contained adequate levels of protein, total fat, linoleic acid, iron, copper, manganese and selenium. The concentration of tryptophan was adequate in 92.3% of the samples. All of the other essential amino acids were present in adequate quantities. However, the situation was different for many of the minerals. Only 92.3% of the dogfoods contained an adequate Ca:P ratio. A total of 96.2% of the dogfoods contained an adequate level of Ca, 96.2% for P, 96.2% for Mg, 92.3% for I, 88.5% for Cl, 80.8% for Na, 80.8% for Zn and only 34.6% were adequate for K content. Overall, only 23% of the dogfoods evaluated in this study fulfilled all of the requirements established by the AAFCO in terms of their content of crude protein, amino acids, total fat, linoleic acid, and minerals. It appears that the majority of the dogfoods evaluated in this study (77%) would not satisfy all nutritional requirements of the growing dog.

Factors limiting the intake of feed by sheep. VII. The digestion of a medium quality roughage and the effect of post-ruminal infusion of casein on its consumption by young sheep

1973 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 387 ◽  
Author(s):  
RH Weston
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Tissue Level ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Body Growth ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Medium Quality

Feed intake and digestion studies were conducted with sheep offered a medium quality roughage which contained, on a dry matter basis, 33.4% of acid detergent fibre and 10.3 % of crude protein. The roughage had an organic matter (OM) digestibility of 57%. The quantity of OM apparently digested in the stomach was equal to 63 % of the OM digested in the alimentary tract, and 80% of the digestion of the dietary fibre took place in the stomach. The quantity of nitrogen in forms other than ammonia that left the stomach in digesta was similar to the dietary nitrogen intake and the apparent digestibility of this digesta nitrogen in the intestines was 66%. Approximately 13 g of crude protein was digested in the intestines per 100 g digestible OM intake. The values of parameters relating to the movement of digesta through the stomach were within the ranges expected with roughage diets. The levels of essential acids in the peripheral blood plasma of sheep given the roughage ad libitum were comparatively low; the values for the total essential amino acids ranged from 85 to 105 pmoles/100 ml and varied with the time of day. The voluntary consumption of roughage by young sheep (8-9 months of age) was 66 g OM/day/(kg body eight)0.75, an intake that did not permit the animals to obtain sufficient energy to express their growth potential. Post-ruminal infusion with casein (34-39 g/day), although increasing the amount of crude protein digested in the intestines (DCP1) by about 30%, failed to increase voluntary feed consumption or rate of body growth. Accordingly voluntary feed consumption and body growth were not limited by the availability of essential amino acids at the tissue level. It was concluded that the voluntary feed consumption and rate of body growth in young sheep would not be limited by the supply of essential amino acids at the tissue level with diets providing 13 g or more of DCP1 per 100 g digestible OM-the equivalent of about 49 g DCP1/Mcal net energy.

Comparison on Nutrient Composition and Amino Acid and Fatty Acid Profile of Muscle in Wild and Farmed Carassius auratus

2013 ◽  
Vol 647 ◽  
pp. 288-292
Author(s):  
Xing Hong Xu ◽  
Xiang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Carassius Auratus ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids Profile ◽  
Department Of Health ◽  
Wild Group

The nutritional compositions, including amino acids and fatty acids profile in muscle were compared between wild and farmed Carassius auratus to evaluate the nutritional value. The contents of moisture, crude protein, fat, carbohydrate and ash in wild C. auratus were 74.47%, 19.12%, 3.72%, 1.52% and 1.18％, and those of farmed C. auratus were 74.03%, 18.41%, 4.54%, 1.95% and 1.06％, respectively. The contents of total amino acids (TAA) and essential amino acids (EAA) in wild C. auratus were obviously higher than those of farmed group (dry sample), whereas the protein of farmed C. auratus has more well-balanced amino acid composition based on the Amino acid scores. Abundant polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were observed in the muscles of two groups, however the ratio of n-6/n-3 especially the wild group were significantly higher than the value (4.0 at maximum) recommended by UK Department of Health and the value of China (4:1～6:1). So the fatty acids composition of C. auratus was not ideal for the human health.

scholarly journals PRODUKSI PAKAN FUNGSIONAL MENGANDUNG TIGA SENYAWA BIOAKTIF DARI AMPAS TAHU DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN Mikroba Effective Microorganism-4 DAN Lactobacillus plantarum

BUANA SAINS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Budi Santosa ◽  
Eka Fitasari ◽  
Gatut Suliana
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Crude Fiber ◽  
Crude Lipid ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Effective Microorganism

Tofu waste is a waste product from tofu processing which is known as high protein sources. Its use as feed has a problem due to the antinutrient content and lower amino acids. Effective microorganism (EM4) is a mixture of some microbes that are used to improve the quality of feed. Lactobacillus plantarum is facultative bacteria heterofermentatif group that has a high ability to ferment carbohydrates. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of both of these bacteria to ferment tofu waste and its influence on the increase in the content of nutrients and amino acids. This study used a Random Nested Design with 2 factor: Factor 1 was type of microbe (EM4 and Lactobacillus plantarum), factor 2 was the concentration of microbes which consists of 5 levels (1%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% , v / w), each treatments was repeated 3 times. The results showed that the average treatment gave very significant effect on dry matter, anorganic matter, crude fiber, crude protein and had significant effect on crude lipid and gross energy. The treatments of 20% concentration of Lactobacillus plantarum giving highest yield on gross energy, crude fiber, calcium and fosfor.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION ELEMENTAL COMPOSITION AND NUTRIENT VALUE OF ZANTHOXYLUM OVALIFOLIUM

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (supplement 1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavani P. ◽  
Raja Naika ◽  
Raja Naika ◽  
Raja Naika ◽  
Raja Naika
Keyword(s):  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Crude Fiber ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
Nutrient Value ◽  
The World ◽  
Carbohydrate Contents ◽  
Different Parts

The present study explores elemental composition and nutritional value was carried out on the leaves and fruits of Zanthoxylum ovalifolium using standard methods. The result of the nutritional value of plant Z. ovalifolium showed significant nutrients in leaves it contained 3% moisture, 1.11% crude protein, 3.80% ash, 5.42% crude fiber, 1.0 % fat and 14.33% carbohydrate contents and in fruits 4.5% moisture, 1.58% crude protein, 4.60% ash, 7.50% crude fiber, 0.50 % fat and 17.68% carbohydrate contents respectively. The macro and micro elemental composition detected in leaves and frits were Fe, Cu, Ca, N, Mg, Mn, Zn, K, and P. They are of nutritional, clinical and veterinary relevance considering the diverse ethno pharmacological uses of the plant in different parts of the world

scholarly journals Nutritional value of amaranth (genus Amaranthus L.) grain in diets for broiler chickens

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 12) ◽  
pp. 568-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Písaříková ◽  
Z. Zralý ◽  
S. Kráčmar ◽  
M. Trčková ◽  
I. Herzig
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Amaranth Grain ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Vitro Protein

The following characteristics were determined in raw and popped amaranth grain: crude protein (158.1 and 168.5 g/kg), ether extract (71.5 and 69.4 g/kg), neutral detergent fibre (NDF) (99.2 and 111.8 g/kg), cellulose (86.6 and 60.0 g/kg) and essential amino acids (Cys 4.2 and 4.1, Thr 6.0 and 6.5, Ala 8.8 and 9.2, Val 6.8 and 7.4, Ile 5.2 and 5.6, Lys 9.2 and 8.8, Arg 12.8 and 14.2 g/kg). In vitro protein digestibility was 68.1 and 50.6% in raw and popped amaranth grain, respectively. In balance experiments with broiler chickens ROSS 308 the following coefficients of apparent digestibility (%) were determined for control and experimental diets containing 0, 10% raw and 10% popped amaranth: crude protein 85.4, 86.5 and 83.0, ether extract 88.3, 88.2 and 86.1, NDF 21.2, 27.6 and 15.9, cellulose 25.0, 38.4 and 36.3, nitrogen free extractives 76.1, 82.6 and 81.1, organic matter 77.3, 81.8 and 80.6, gross energy 77.5, 80.6 and 78.2. &nbsp;

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document