scholarly journals Molecular characterization of grapevine from Santa Catarina, Brazil, using microsatellite markers

2009 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 487-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariane Ruzza Schuck ◽  
Flavia Maia Moreira ◽  
Miguel Pedro Guerra ◽  
José Afonso Voltolini ◽  
Maria Stella Grando ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Santa Catarina ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Online Databases ◽  
Microsatellite Dna Markers ◽  
Ssr Loci ◽  
First Time ◽  
Private Collections ◽  
Simple Sequence

The objective of this work was to characterize the grape germplasm in Santa Catarina, Brazil, using microsatellite DNA markers (simple sequence repeats - SSR). The DNA samples were collected from leaves and shoots of accessions of public and private collections from the counties Urussanga, Nova Trento, Rodeio, São Joaquim, Campos Novos, Videira, and Água Doce. Ten SSR loci (VVS2, VVMD5, VVMD7, VVMD27, VrZAG62, VrZAG79, VVMD25, VVMD28, VVMD31, and VVMD32) were analysed by capillary electrophoresis. Molecular profiling was conducted for 190 grapevines (European, American, and hybrids), and 67 genotypes were obtained. The data were compared with each other and with those from the literature and from online databases, in order to identify varieties and discover cases of synonymy and homonymy. Forty molecular profiles corresponded to known varieties, while 27 genotypes were described for the first time. The existence of typical germplasm composed mainly of American and hybrid varieties is an important finding for local viticulture. Applications of the results rely on quality control and certification at the nursery level. Increasing precision in the characterization of grapevine genotypes may help breeding programs.

scholarly journals Simple Sequence Repeat and S-Locus Genotyping to Assist the Genetic Characterization and Breeding of Polyploid Prunus Species, P. spinosa and P. domestica subsp. insititia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Júlia Halász ◽  
Noémi Makovics-Zsohár ◽  
Ferenc Szőke ◽  
Sezai Ercisli ◽  
Attila Hegedűs
Keyword(s):  
Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Sequence Repeat ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Allele Number ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
Ssr Loci ◽  
High Level ◽  
Diversity Studies ◽  
Simple Sequence

AbstractPolyploid Prunus spinosa (2n = 4 ×) and P. domestica subsp. insititia (2n = 6 ×) represent enormous genetic potential in Central Europe, which can be exploited in breeding programs. In Hungary, 16 cultivar candidates and a recognized cultivar ‘Zempléni’ were selected from wild-growing populations including ten P. spinosa, four P. domestica subsp. insititia and three P. spinosa × P. domestica hybrids (2n = 5 ×) were also created. Genotyping in eleven simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci and the multiallelic S-locus was used to characterize genetic variability and achieve a reliable identification of tested accessions. Nine SSR loci proved to be polymorphic and eight of those were highly informative (PIC values ˃ 0.7). A total of 129 SSR alleles were identified, which means 14.3 average allele number per locus and all accessions but two clones could be discriminated based on unique SSR fingerprints. A total of 23 S-RNase alleles were identified and the complete and partial S-genotype was determined for 10 and 7 accessions, respectively. The DNA sequence was determined for a total of 17 fragments representing 11 S-RNase alleles. ‘Zempléni’ was confirmed to be self-compatible carrying at least one non-functional S-RNase allele (SJ). Our results indicate that the S-allele pools of wild-growing P. spinosa and P. domestica subsp. insititia are overlapping in Hungary. Phylogenetic and principal component analyses confirmed the high level of diversity and genetic differentiation present within the analysed accessions and indicated putative ancestor–descendant relationships. Our data confirm that S-locus genotyping is suitable for diversity studies in polyploid Prunus species but non-related accessions sharing common S-alleles may distort phylogenetic inferences.

“Literary Heritage” for 80 years: A Guide to Volumes 1–103, yrs. 1931–2011. — Book two: Index of Illustrations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Current Location ◽  
Literary Heritage ◽  
Visual Projection ◽  
Printed Materials ◽  
Unpublished Manuscripts ◽  
First Time ◽  
Private Collections ◽  
Cross Reference

The Index of Illustrations is an integral part of the definitive guide “Literary Heritage For 80 Years. A Guide to Volumes 1–103 yrs. 1931–2011”. There are nearly 12,000 illustrations in 103 volumes of “Literary Heritage”. The search for content spanned small and large museums, archives, and libraries in Russia, with many illustrations published for the first time ever. Other materials were sourced from public and private collections within the country and from abroad. The resulting illustrative content in “Literary Heritage” forms a massive, powerful visual projection of Russian authors, aspects of their family and everyday life, the spectrum of cultural and political professions, and portraits of actors in life and as performers on the stages of domestic and foreign theaters. The authors emphasized reproducing autographs including unpublished manuscripts, letters, and dedications on photographs and in books. Of great importance is the replication of printed materials — illustrations from the works of Russian authors as representative examples of typography. Finally, we should highlight many illustrations that give the viewer an idea about the environment of the authors, including memorials and monuments. The Index of Illustrations serves as a key to this iconic collection of materials, cataloging cutlines in order of their appearance in the volumes and respective location within each book. Cutlines are expanded on the illustrations’ theme — the subjects of the portraits, the groups gathered for specific purposes, the authors of the manuscripts, etc. They indicate the artist or photographer of the original illustration and its current location (museum, archive, etc.). In addition, a cross-reference of over 7,000 names accompanies the Index.

An updated catalogue of the Histeridae (Insecta: Coleoptera) of the Arabian Peninsula, with biogeographical remarks

Zootaxa ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 1157 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
FABIO PENATI ◽  
PIERPAOLO VIENNA
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Arabian Peninsula ◽  
Transitional Zone ◽  
Distributional Pattern ◽  
Mediterranean Species ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Palearctic Species ◽  
First Time ◽  
Private Collections

The histerid fauna of the Arabian Peninsula is evaluated. As a result of the study of specimens recently collected in Oman by the scientific expeditions of the Museum of Natural History and Territory of Calci (University of Pisa, Italy), and compiling new data from 15 public and private collections, and literature records, the total number of Histeridae known from the Arabian Peninsula now stands at 67 species, without taking into account dubious species and undetermined taxa (9).Of these 67 species, in total 18 are reported for the first time: 4 for the Arabian Peninsula [Teretrius (Neotepetrius) parasita Marseul, Saprinus (Saprinus) flexuosofasciatus Motschulsky, Chalcionellus hauseri (Schmidt), Hypocacculus (Nessus) hosseinius (Théry)], 9 for Oman [Pachylister luctuosus (Marseul), Hister castus Lewis, Atholus bimaculatus Linnaeus, Atholus scutellaris (Erichson), Saprinus (Saprinus) splendens (Paykull), Hypocacculus (Colpellus) praecox (Erichson), Hypocacculus (Hypocacculus) harmonicus (Marseul), Hypocacculus (Hypocacculus) metallescens (Erichson), Hypocaccus (Hypocaccus) fochi (Auzat)], 2 for Yemen [Saprinus (Saprinus) tenuistrius tenuistrius Marseul, Chalcionellus tunisius (Marseul)] and 3 for Kuwait [Saprinus (Saprinus) moyses Marseul, Pholioxenus mesopotamicus Olexa, Paravolvulus syphax (Reitter)].Histeridae are now known for four national states (Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Oman and Kuwait), while there are no records for Qatar or United Arab Emirates. An updated comprehensive catalogue of the histerid fauna of the Arabian Peninsula is provided.Analysis of faunal affinities shows that it mostly consists of Palearctic species (24 species, equal to 35.9%), followed by Afrotropical and Afrotropico-Mediterranean species (22 species, 32.8%), and cosmopolitan/subcosmopolitan species (7 species, 10.4%); endemics stand at 5 species (7.5%), while species of undefined chorology at 9 (13.4%). On the whole these numbers fit well the largely accepted biogeographical assumption that indicates the Arabian Peninsula as a transitional zone between the Regions Palearctic, Afrotropic and, to a lesser degree, Indo-Malay (e.g., Büttiker 1979). Moreover, a distinctive distributional pattern has been recognised: “Afrotropical” Histeridae are almost exclusively present in the southern and south-western parts of the peninsula, while “Palearctic” Histeridae are mostly present in the inner central and south-eastern parts of the peninsula.Finally, the synonymy Saprinus (Saprinus) osiris Marseul, 1862 = Saprinus (Saprinus) ornatus Erichson, 1834 stated by Müller (1933), but neglected by Mazur (1976, 1984, 1994, 1997), is considered valid.

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Characterization of Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) Loci in Chinese Jujube and Jujube SSR Primer Transferability

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. e0127812 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Xiao ◽  
Jin Zhao ◽  
Mengjun Liu ◽  
Ping Liu ◽  
Li Dai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Sequence Repeat ◽  
Chinese Jujube ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Ssr Loci ◽  
Simple Sequence

scholarly journals Microsatellite DNA markers in Populus tremuloides

Genome ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad H Rahman ◽  
S Dayanandan ◽  
Om P Rajora
Keyword(s):  
Populus Tremuloides ◽  
Dna Markers ◽  
Microsatellite Dna ◽  
Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Mendelian Inheritance ◽  
Inheritance Pattern ◽  
Sequence Repeat ◽  
Microsatellite Dna Markers ◽  
Ssr Loci ◽  
Simple Sequence

Markers for eight new microsatellite DNA or simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci were developed and characterized in trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides) from a partial genomic library. Informativeness of these microsatellite DNA markers was examined by determining polymorphisms in 38 P. tremuloides individuals. Inheritance of selected markers was tested in progenies of controlled crosses. Six characterized SSR loci were of dinucleotide repeats (two perfect and four imperfect), and one each of trinucleotide and tetranucleotide repeats. The monomorphic SSR locus (PTR15) was of a compound imperfect dinucleotide repeat. The primers of one highly polymorphic SSR locus (PTR7) amplified two loci, and alleles could not be assigned to a specific locus. At the other six polymorphic loci, 25 alleles were detected in 38 P. tremuloides individuals; the number of alleles ranged from 2 to 7, with an average of 4.2 alleles per locus, and the observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.05 to 0.61, with an average of 0.36 per locus. The two perfect dinucleotide and one trinucleotide microsatellite DNA loci were the most informative. Microsatellite DNA variants of four SSR loci characterized previously followed a single-locus Mendelian inheritance pattern, whereas those of PTR7 from the present study showed a two-locus Mendelian inheritance pattern in controlled crosses. The microsatellite DNA markers developed and reported here could be used for assisting various genetic, breeding, biotechnology, genome mapping, conservation, and sustainable forest management programs in poplars. Key words: poplar, microsatellites, genetic mapping, simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, DNA fingerprinting.

scholarly journals Genet assignment and population structure analysis in a clonal forest-floor herb, Cardamine leucantha, using RAD-seq

AoB Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michiaki Tsujimoto ◽  
Kiwako S Araki ◽  
Mie N Honjo ◽  
Masaki Yasugi ◽  
Atsushi J Nagano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Population ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Clonal Plant ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Plant Populations ◽  
Population Structure Analysis ◽  
Dna Microsatellite ◽  
First Time ◽  
Simple Sequence

Abstract To study the genetic structure of clonal plant populations, genotyping and genet detection using genetic markers are necessary to assign ramets to corresponding genets. Assignment is difficult as it involves setting a robust threshold of genetic distance for genet distinction as neighbouring genets in a plant population are often genetically related. Here, we used restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq) for a rhizomatous clonal herb, Cardamine leucantha [Brassicaceae] to accurately determine genet structure in a natural population. We determined a draft genome sequence of this species for the first time, which resulted in 66 617 scaffolds with N50 = 6086 bp and an estimated genome size of approximately 253 Mbp. Using genetic distances based on the RAD-seq analysis, we successfully distinguished ramets that belonged to distinct genets even from a half-sib family. We applied these methods to 372 samples of C. leucantha collected at 1-m interval grids within a 20 × 20 m plot in a natural population in Hokkaido, Japan. From these samples, we identified 61 genets with high inequality in terms of genet size and patchy distribution. Spatial autocorrelation analyses indicated significant aggregation within 7 and 4 m at ramet and genet levels, respectively. An analysis of parallel DNA microsatellite loci (simple sequence repeats) suggested that RAD-seq can provide data that allows robust genet assignment. It remains unclear whether the large genets identified here became dominant stochastically or deterministically. Precise identification of genets will assist further study and characterization of dominant genets.

scholarly journals Generation of Chloroplast Molecular Markers to Differentiate Sophora toromiro and Its Hybrids as a First Approach to Its Reintroduction in Rapa Nui (Easter Island)

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 342
Author(s):  
Ignacio Pezoa ◽  
Javier Villacreses ◽  
Miguel Rubilar ◽  
Carolina Pizarro ◽  
María Jesús Galleguillos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
De Novo ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Rapa Nui ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Chloroplast Genomes ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Ssr Loci ◽  
Hybrid Lines ◽  
First Time ◽  
Private Collections

Sophora toromiro is an endemic tree of Rapa Nui with religious and cultural relevance that despite being extinct in the wild, still persists in botanical gardens and private collections around the world. The authenticity of some toromiro trees has been questioned because the similarities among hybrid lines leads to misclassification of the species. The conservation program of toromiro has the objective of its reinsertion into Rapa Nui, but it requires the exact genotyping and certification of the selected plants in order to efficiently reintroduce the species. In this study, we present for the first time the complete chloroplast genome of S. toromiro and four other Sophora specimens, which were sequenced de-novo and assembled after mapping the raw reads to a chloroplast database. The length of the chloroplast genomes ranges from 154,239 to 154,473 bp. A total of 130–143 simple sequence repeats (SSR) loci and 577 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Cross-Species Transferability of SSR Markers in Foeniculum vulgare

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Domenico Aiello ◽  
Nicoletta Ferradini ◽  
Lorenzo Torelli ◽  
Chiara Volpi ◽  
Joep Lambalk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Genomic Information ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Transcriptomic Data ◽  
Genomic Ssr ◽  
Ssr Loci ◽  
Ssr Transferability ◽  
Simple Sequence

Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) is a species belonging to the Apiaceae family, well known for its nutritional and pharmacological properties. Despite the economic and agricultural relevance, its genomic and transcriptomic data remain poor. Microsatellites—also known as simple sequence repeats (SSRs)—are codominant markers widely used to perform cross-amplification tests starting from markers developed in related species. SSRs represent a powerful tool, especially for those species lacking genomic information. In this study, a set of primers previously designed in Daucus carota for polymorphic SSR loci was tested in commercial varieties and breeding lines of fennel in order to: (i) test their cross-genera transferability, (ii) look at their efficiency in assessing genetic diversity, and (iii) identify their usefulness for marker-assisted selection (MAS) in breeding programs. Thirty-nine SSR markers from carrot were selected and tested for their transferability score, and only 23% of them resulted suitable for fennel. The low rate of SSR transferability between the two species evidences the difficulties of the use of genomic SSR in cross-genera transferability.

scholarly journals Characterization and Development of Genomic SSRs in Pecan (Carya illinoinensis)

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengcai Zhang ◽  
Xiaohua Yao ◽  
Huadong Ren ◽  
Jun Chang ◽  
Jun Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Study ◽  
Polymorphic Information Content ◽  
Genetic Research ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
New Development ◽  
Ssr Loci ◽  
Simple Sequence

Research Highlights: The distribution of simple sequence repeat (SSR) motifs in two draft genomes of pecan was evaluated. Sixty-six SSR loci were validated by PCR amplification in pecan. Twenty-two new development markers can be used for genetic study in genus Carya. Background and Objectives: Pecan has good nutritional and health benefits and is an important crop worldwide. However, the genetic research in this species is insufficient. One of the main reasons for this is the lack of enough accurate, convenient, and economical molecular markers. Among different marker types, SSR loci are enormously useful in genetic studies. However, the number of SSRs in C. illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch is limited. Materials and Methods: The distribution of SSR motifs in the pecan genome was analyzed. Then, the primers for each SSR were designed. To evaluate their availability, 74 SSR loci were randomly selected and amplified in pecan. Finally, 22 new SSRs and eight former ones were picked to evaluate the genetic diversity in 60 pecan genotypes and to determine their transferability in other Carya species. Results: 145,714 and 143,041 SSR motifs were obtained from two draft genomes of ‘87MX3-2’ and ‘Pawnee’, respectively. In total, 9145 candidate primers were obtained. Sixty-six (89.19%) primers amplified the target products. Among the 30 SSRs, 29 loci showed polymorphism in 60 pecan genotypes. The polymorphic information content (PIC) values ranged from 0.012 to 0.906. In total, 26, 25, and 22 SSRs can be used in C. cathayensis Sarg., C. dabieshanensis W. C. Cheng & R. H. Chang, and C. hunanensis W.C. Liu, respectively. Finally, the dendrogram of all individuals was constructed. The results agree with the geographic origin of the four species and the pedigree relationships between different pecan cultivars. Conclusions: The characterization of SSRs in the pecan genome and the new SSRs will promote the progress of genetic study and breeding in pecan, as well as other species of genus Carya.

GISH characterization of Erianthus arundinaceus chromosomes in three generations of sugarcane intergeneric hybrids

Genome ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 331-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalie Piperidis ◽  
Jian-wen Chen ◽  
Hai-hua Deng ◽  
Li-Ping Wang ◽  
Phillip Jackson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Intergeneric Hybrids ◽  
Chromosome Loss ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Sugarcane Cultivar ◽  
Chromosome Transmission ◽  
Long Time ◽  
First Time

Within Erianthus , a genus close to Saccharum , the species E. arundinaceus has the potential to contribute valuable traits to sugarcane, including adaptation to biotic and abiotic stresses and ratooning ability. Sugarcane breeders have tried for a long time to use Erianthus species in their breeding programs but until recently were constrained by a lack of fertile Saccharum × Erianthus hybrids. We report here for the first time the chromosome composition of fertile Saccharum officinarum  × E. arundinaceus F1, BC1 (F1 × sugarcane cultivar), and BC2 (BC1 × sugarcane cultivar) hybrids. The F1 and BC2 resulted from n + n chromosome transmission, while the BC1 resulted from 2n + n transmission. In the BC1 clones, the number of E. arundinaceus chromosomes ranged from 21 to 30, and in the BC2 clones, the number ranged from 14 to 15, revealing cases of chromosome loss. No recombination events between Saccharum and Erianthus chromosomes were observed in either the BC1 or BC2 clones. The implications of these results for introgression of genes from E. arundinaceus in sugarcane breeding programs are discussed. We propose a strategy to identify the agronomic value of chromosomes from E. arundinaceus and to conduct targeted breeding based on this information.

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