scholarly journals Studies of chemical and enzymatic characteristics of Yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) and its flours

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juciane de Abreu Ribeiro Pereira ◽  
Maria de Fátima Píccolo Barcelos ◽  
Michel Cardoso De Angelis Pereira ◽  
Eric Batista Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Total Dietary Fiber ◽  
Smallanthus Sonchifolius ◽  
Total Titratable Acidity ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Peroxidase Enzymes

Due to the importance of studies on yacon related to health, its in natura pulp, in natura peel, pulp flour, and peel flour were chemically analyzed in terms of its centesimal composition, specific minerals, total dietary fiber and fractions, pH, total soluble solids, total titratable acidity, tannins, oxalic acid, and nitrate. The polyphenoloxidase and peroxidase enzymatic activities were evaluated for in natura pulp and peel only. Yacon pulp and peel flour presented average yield of 7.94% and 10.86%, respectively. The in natura pulp presented a higher moisture and carboydrate content and lower lipid, protein, total dietary fiber, and ash than those of the peel flour. The same pattern was observed for pulp flour when compared to peel flour. The highest tannin, nitrate, and oxalic acid levels were found in the peel flour, 15,304.5 mg.kg-1, 1,578.3 mg.kg-1, and 7,925.0 mg.kg-1 (wet weight), respectively. The polyphenoloxidase and peroxidase enzymes presented higher enzymatic activity in the yacon peel. Based on the results obtained, it can be said that the yacon and its derivatives are important dietary carbohydrate and mineral sources and contain antinutritional substance contents lower than those harmful to health.

scholarly journals Wheat Bran Dietary Fiber: Promising Source of Prebiotics with Antioxidant Potential

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aynur Gunenc ◽  
Christina Alswiti ◽  
Farah Hosseinian
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Functional Foods ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Total Dietary Fiber ◽  
Bifidobacterium Lactis ◽  
Total Titratable Acidity ◽  
Phenolic Profiles ◽  
Promising Source

The potential of wheat bran (WB) addition as a prebiotic source were demonstrated using yogurt with probiotics (Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium lactis). Yogurts (with 4% WB) were significantly (P < 0.05) different in total bacterial counts (9.1 log CFU/mL), and total titratable acidity % (TTA, 1.4%) compared to controls during 28 days cold storage (4°C). Additionally, WB-total dietary fiber contents and their bound phenolic profiles were investigated as well as the antioxidant activity of WB-water extractable polysaccharides (WEP) was studied. HPLC analysis of alkaline hydrolyzed DF fractions showed that insoluble DF had higher phenolic acids (84.2%) content than soluble DF (15.8%). Also, crude-WEP showed stronger antioxidant activity compared to purified-WEP with an ORAC of 71.88 and 52.48 µmol TE/g, respectively. Here we demonstrate WB has potentials as a source of prebiotics, which may have the potentials for functional foods and nutraceutical applications.

scholarly journals Reuse of sand, crushed sugarcane and peanut hull-based substrates for cherry tomato cultivation

2007 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 630-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Fernandes ◽  
José Eduardo Corá ◽  
Leila Trevizan Braz
Keyword(s):  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
Cherry Tomato ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Growth Season ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Total Titratable Acidity ◽  
Peanut Hull

The reuse of substrates for more than one growing season is an alternative to reduce production costs. The objective of this work was to evaluate the yield and quality fruits of the cherry tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) grown in reused substrates. The experimental design was a complete randomized block, with a factorial array of 7 × 2 (seven substrates and two growth periods), with four replications. The seven substrates consisted of different combinations of sand (S), crushed sugarcane (CS) and peanut hull (PH). The substrates used were: S1 = S; S2 = [(2/3 S) + (1/3 CS)]; S3 = [(2/3 S) + (1/3 PH)]; S4 = [(2/3 S) + (1/6 CS) + (1/6 PH)]; S5 = [(1/2 S) + (1/2 CS)]; S6 = [(1/2 S) + (1/2 PH)] and S7 = [(1/3 S) + (1/3 CS) + (1/3 PH)]. These substrates were tested as new (one growth season), and reused (two sequentially growth seasons). The cherry tomato average yield was 9.07 kg m-2 when growth on the new substrates, and 8.44 kg m-2 when growth on the reused ones. The fruit quality was not affected by the reutilization of the substrates. The average values were 6.5 ºBrix for total soluble solids; 0.6 g for citric acid per 100 g for total titratable acidity and 4.2 for pH. A substrate consisting of equal parts of the three components can be recommended as a good growth medium for cherry tomato. All the substrates tested can be efficiently reused, at least once.

scholarly journals Kumquat (Fortunella margarita): A Good Alternative for the Ingestion of Nutrients and Bioactive Compounds

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Clarice Silva e Souza ◽  
Pamella Cristine Anunciação ◽  
Ceres Mattos Della Lucia ◽  
Rosana Gonçalves Rodrigues das Dôres ◽  
Regina Célia Rodrigues de Miranda Milagres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Fruit Peel ◽  
Total Dietary Fiber

Citrus fruit is preferred in the choice of consumers. Kumquat (F. margarita) is an unconventional citrus of increasing consumer interest because of its exotic flavor, and its functional potential that offers health benefits to consumers. It is a fruit traditionally consumed by whole fruit (peel and pulp), giving this fruit a distinctive flavor. For this reason, this study analyzed the physical, chemical, and nutritional characteristics of kumquat (peel and pulp). The physicochemical analysis was performed according to the Adolfo Lutz Institute. Analysis of moisture, ashes, macronutrients, and total dietary fiber was carried out according to AOAC. Minerals were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. Vitamins C and E, carotenoids and flavonoids were analyzed by HPLC. Phenolic compounds (Folin-Ciocalteu) and antioxidant capacity (DPPH) were determined by spectrophotometry. The kumquat had low pH, soluble solids content and low caloric value. It was a source of dietary fiber, minerals (K, Ca, P, Mg) and carotenoids; the most expressive was α-carotene (661.81 μg 100 g−1). The ascorbic acid concentration was 2326.24 μg 100 g−1. α-tocopherol (569.00 μg 100 g−1) was the most expressive component of vitamin E. There was a presence of apigenin and eriodictyol. The fruit (peel and pulp) has a high concentration of total phenolic compounds (98.55 ± 1.93 mg GAE 100 g−1) and good antioxidant capacity (62%) was found. Kumquat is a good source of fiber and vitamin A, and due to its antioxidant capacity and the presence of other essential and beneficial nutrients for a diet, consumption of kumquat can be suggested to complement the diet. This fruit is a viable food alternative, and its consumption should be encouraged, contributing a source of income, sovereignty, and food security.

scholarly journals Fruit yield and composition in orange trees cv. 'Lane Late' in response to nitrogen fertilization in Sandy Typic Hapludalf soil

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Brunetto ◽  
◽  
Cesar Cella ◽  
Alcione Miotto ◽  
Eduardo Girotto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Total N ◽  
Total Titratable Acidity ◽  
Orange Trees ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT: Little is known about the impact of N fertilization on fruit production and composition in orange groves grown in soils with low or medium organic matter content in Rio Grande do Sul (RS). This study aimed to evaluate how N fertilization of orange trees cv. 'Lane Late' in a sandy soil may interfere in fruit yield and composition of fruit and juice. The experiment was conducted with orange trees cv. 'Lane Late' growing in Sandy Typic Hapludalf soil, in Rosário do Sul (RS). The plants received applications of 0, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 140 and 160kg N ha-1. Total N in leaves, number of fruits per plant, yield, fresh weight, fruit diameter, peel thickness, percentage of fruit juice, peel color, juice color, ascorbic acid content, total soluble solids (TSS) and total titratable acidity were evaluated in 2010/2011 and 2011/2012 crops. In the first crop, especially yield, number of fruits per plant, TSS content in fruit juice and ratio decreased with increasing N rate applied. However, in the second crop, the total titratable acidity of the fruit juice prominently increased with the dose of N applied. In both crops, results were highly influenced by rainfall distribution, which affect the plant physiology, soil N dynamics and, consequently, probability of response to N applied and the loss of mineral N in the soil.

scholarly journals Productivity, quality of fruits and architecture of Jalapeño pepper at different planting densities

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-337
Author(s):  
Carlos Francisco Ragassi ◽  
Juliana Zucolotto ◽  
Lucas M Gomes ◽  
Cláudia SC Ribeiro ◽  
Nuno Rodrigo Madeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Plant Architecture ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Total Titratable Acidity ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Increase In Productivity

ABSTRACT Mechanizing the harvest of Jalapeño pepper involves changes in the production system. Spacings between plants in rows (10 to 40 cm; 60 cm fixed between rows) were evaluated in relation to plant architecture, productivity and fruit quality of cultivar BRS Sarakura during three years, in a randomized complete block design with five replicates. Productivity (41.9 to 78.8 t ha-1) and plant height (40.1 to 47.3 cm) responded linearly to density; on the other hand, productivity per plant responded negatively (0.48 to 1.04 kg plant-1). The stem first bifurcation height was little influenced. Fruit chemical analyses were carried out in the second year of the experiment; spacing significantly influenced pH (5.36 to 4.84), total titratable acidity (TTA) (0.48 to 0.36%) and total soluble solids (TSS)/TTA ratio (11.5 to 15.6); no influence on TSS (5.65%) was noticed, though. The increase of plant population provided an increase in productivity without affecting fruit quality; the highest height of the first bifurcation achieved may not be enough to enable mechanized harvesting of the cultivar BRS Sarakura.

scholarly journals Physicochemical properties of seven outstanding strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) varieties cultivated in Cundinamarca (Colombia) during maturation

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerhard Fischer ◽  
David López-Valencia ◽  
Manuel Sánchez-Gómez ◽  
John Fabio Acuña-Caita
Keyword(s):  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fragaria X Ananassa ◽  
Maturity Index ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Respiration Rates ◽  
Total Titratable Acidity ◽  
Maturation State

The strawberry market in Cundinamarca (Colombia) is mainly size driven with no consideration for its maturation state and nutritional quality, wasting therefore, its organoleptic and nutritional potential. For that reason, the physicochemical differences among seven strawberry varieties (Albión, Dulce Ana, Lucía, Monterrey, Ruby June, Sabrina and Ventana) cultivated in the municipality of Sibaté (Cundinamarca) were established. Fruits collected from a productive plot with homogeneous cultivation management conditions were analyzed in six maturity states, establishing the degree of red pigmentation according to the Colombian Standard ntc 4103. Fresh weight, size, color, firmness, total soluble solids (tss), total titratable acidity (tta), maturity and respiration indices were evaluated. Fruits in stages 4, 2 and 3 developed their largest size and weight, where the variety Dulce Ana stands out. The highest color index values were found in the maturity stage 5 in the variety Ventana. Moreover, the highest firmness values were recorded in stages 4 and 5 in the varieties Monterrey and Ventana. The varieties Sabrina, Dulce Ana and Monterrey accumulated the highest tss concentration and the last two showed the best maturity relations. Respiration rates increased with maturation, especially from stage 3. The results suggest that the optimum commercialization and consumption points are stages 3 and 4, namely because these stages exhibit the highest maturity index and fruit weight. Among the varieties studied, Monterrey stands out due to its firmness and maturity index.

scholarly journals Parâmetros físico-químicos de polpas de fruta produzidas na cidade de Petrolina – PE

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 01 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. Honorato ◽  
C. B. R. Dias ◽  
E. B. Souza ◽  
I. R. B. Carvalho ◽  
K. S. M. Sousa
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Fruit Pulp ◽  
Total Titratable Acidity ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
The City

<p>Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar os parâmetros físico-químicos de polpas de fruta produzidas e comercializadas na cidade de Petrolina-PE, tendo como referência a Instrução Normativa nº 1, de 7 jan. 2000, do Ministério da Agricultura que define as características físicas e químicas estabelecendo limites mínimos e máximos específicos para cada polpa de fruta. Foram avaliadas duas marcas (1 e 2) de polpas de abacaxi, cacau, caju, graviola, maracujá e umbu, analisadas quanto aos parâmetros de pH, sólidos solúveis totais (SST), acidez total titulável (ATT), ácido ascórbico, relação SST/ATT e sólidos totais. Os resultados permitem inferir que a marca 2 apresentou qualidade superior na maioria dos parâmetros avaliados quando comparado com a marca 1. Entretanto para alguns sabores de polpa as duas marcas não atenderam os valores padrões. Entre as polpas o único sabor que apresentou os padrões exigidos foi a polpa de caju em ambas as marcas, e a que apresentou resultado de pior qualidade diante dos padrões foi a polpa de maracujá principalmente da marca 1. Dessa forma constata-se que há grandes variações entre as marcas, e entre alguns parâmetros, o que compromete a qualidade das polpas, prejudicando assim o consumidor.</p><p align="center"><strong><em>Physicochemical parameters of fruit pulps produced in Petrolina – PE</em></strong></p><p><strong>Abstract</strong><strong>: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical parameters of fruit pulps produced and marketed in the city of Petrolina-PE, with reference to the Instruction Nº 1 of 7 January 2000 of the Ministry of Agriculture, which defines the physical and chemical characteristics setting minimum and maximum limits specific to each fruit pulp. We evaluated two brands (1 and 2) of pineapple, cocoa, cashew, soursop, passion and umbu fruit pulp, analyzed for pH, total soluble solids (TSS), total titratable acidity (TTA), ascorbic acid, TSS / TTA and total solids parameters. Results show that the brand 2 showed superior in most evaluated parameters when compared to the brand 1. However, for some pulp flavors of both brands did not reached the standards values. Among the pulps, the only flavor that presented the required standards was the cashew pulp in both brands, and presented the results of lower quality on the standards was the passion fruit pulp mainly brand 1. Thus, it appears that there are great variations between brands and between some parameters, which compromises the quality of the pulp, thus impairing the consumer.</p>

scholarly journals Health-Promoting Constituents and Selected Quality Parameters of Different Types of Kimchi: Fermented Plant Products

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Anna Korus ◽  
Emilia Bernaś ◽  
Jarosław Korus
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Chinese Cabbage ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Total Dietary Fiber ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
High Level

The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality and health-promoting constituents of several variants of kimchi obtained from Chinese cabbage, kohlrabi, white radish, and cucumbers. The level of dry matter, total soluble solids, ash, total acidity, pH, dietary fiber, and vitamins C, B1, and B2, as well as total polyphenols (TP) and antioxidant activity AA (ABTS, DPPH) in kimchi, were determined. In addition, color parameters were determined ( L ∗ , a ∗ , b ∗ , C ∗ , and h o ). Kimchi with the highest proportion of Chinese cabbage (63%) had the highest levels of dry matter (11.01 g), ash (2.57 g), and vitamins: C, B1, and B2 (51 mg, 52 μg, and 242 μg, respectively), expressed per 100 g of fresh weight. In addition, this product showed the highest total AA of 132.3 μmol Tx/g (ABTS) and 49.7 μmol Tx/g (DPPH) due to its high level of TP (194 mg/100 g). Cucumber-derived kimchi (85%) also had a high content of TP (147 mg/100 g) and high AA of 88.7 μmol Tx/g (ABTS) and 36.3 μmol Tx/g (DPPH). Additionally, stuffed kimchi from kohlrabi (88%) had the highest amounts of total dietary fiber, 3.65 g/100 g fresh weight. In all products, red ( a ∗ ) and yellow ( b ∗ ) were the dominant colors, with values of L ∗ ranging between 32.63 and 53.16. In general, our studies have shown that depending on the raw materials used, kimchi is a good source of dietary fiber but also vitamins and polyphenols.

scholarly journals Bioactive compounds in gladiolus flowers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Goede de Souza ◽  
Eduardo Affonso Jung ◽  
Vinícius Petermann Benedicto ◽  
Leosane Cristina Bosco
Keyword(s):  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Total Titratable Acidity ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Flowers have received special attention not only for their ornamental nature but also for their nutraceutical, cosmetic, aromatic, and culinary properties. This study aimed to characterize physicochemical attributes and the antioxidant capacity of flowers of four gladiolus cultivars. The cultivars used were White Friendship, Rose Supreme, Jester, and T704. We analyzed the content of total soluble solids (SS), total titratable acidity (TA), SS/TA ratio, pH, vitamin C, anthocyanin, flavonoids, total phenolic compounds (TPC), total antioxidant activity (TAA), and the relationship of TPC with flavonoids and TAA for each cultivar. The results showed that the Jester flowers had the lowest TA and highest SS/TA ratio, indicating the best flavor. Jester also had the highest flavonoid content, similarly to the White Friendship and Rose Supreme. As a result, these cultivars have flowers with higher TPC and TAA content than T704. The anthocyanin content was the characteristic attribute of cultivar T704, due to its purple pigmentation. Gladiolus flowers, traditionally used in landscaping and as cut flowers, have the potential for use in human nutrition, particularly the White Friendship, Rose Supreme, and Jester cultivars.

scholarly journals Fine Tuning a Bile-Enzymatic-Gravimetric Total Dietary Fiber Method

1997 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth J Cranker ◽  
Katherine M Phillips ◽  
Maria Carmen Rita V Gonzales ◽  
Kent K Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Original Method ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Official Method ◽  
Total Dietary Fiber ◽  
Modified Method ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Wet Weight

Abstract A recently proposed bile-enzymatic-gravimetric total dietary fiber (TDF) method was modified and the new procedure was compared with the original method, the traditional AOAC enzymatic-gravimetric determination (AOAC Official Method 985.29), and another simplified AOAC procedure by analyzing several diet composites, including National Institute of Standards and Technology 1548 total diet reference material. The original and modified bile-enzymatic-gravimetric procedures also were compared by analyzing 9 food samples from a collaborative study of the original method. The modified method consistently yielded values about 10% lower than the original method but closer to reference values and to values from AOAC Offical Method 985.29, suggesting results that are more in line with accepted TDF standard methodology. Our modified method was used to analyze 180 fresh-frozen diet composites with TDF values ranging from 0.6 to 3.2 g/100 g wet weight. Samples were from 2 multicenter feeding studies sponsored by the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute: DELTA (Dietary Effects on Lipoproteins and Thrombogenic Activity) and DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension). The mean relative standard deviation (RSD) for duplicate analyses was 1.1%. For 40 assays of a quality control diet composite over 9 months, the standard deviation was 0.1 g/100 g wet weight (4.9% RSD), indicating the method’s excellent precision for routine use.

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