scholarly journals Recent changes in temperature and precipitation extremes in an ecological reserve in Federal District, Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Antônio Costa dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Diurnal Temperature Range ◽  
Extreme Temperature ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Heavy Precipitation ◽  
Local Scale ◽  
High Variability ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Ecological Reserve ◽  
Precipitation Indices ◽  
Temperature Indices

The main objective of this study is to provide information on trends, in local scale, using records of daily temperature and precipitation of a single weather station in an ecological reserve of the savanna biome in Federal District/Brazil, analyzing different extreme climatic indices. The extreme temperature indices have identified that the days are getting warmer and the nights are cooler at local scale. Thus, the local diurnal temperature range is increasing. The results also evidence that the number of days with heavy precipitation is decreasing, but the precipitation indices presented high variability and suggest the importance of further studies related to changes in land use and urbanization. The locally obtained temperature results point to changes in South America.

scholarly journals Historical Spatial and Temporal Climate Trends in Southern Ontario, Canada

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (10) ◽  
pp. 2767-2787 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hussein Wazneh ◽  
M. Altaf Arain ◽  
Paulin Coulibaly
Keyword(s):  
Climate Models ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Global Climate Models ◽  
Climate Indices ◽  
Total Precipitation ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Annual Total ◽  
Precipitation Indices ◽  
Temperature Indices

AbstractSpatial and temporal trends in historical temperature and precipitation extreme events were evaluated for southern Ontario, Canada. A number of climate indices were computed using observed and regional and global climate datasets for the area of study over the 1951–2013 period. A decrease in the frequency of cold temperature extremes and an increase in the frequency of warm temperature extremes was observed in the region. Overall, the numbers of extremely cold days decreased and hot nights increased. Nighttime warming was greater than daytime warming. The annual total precipitation and the frequency of extreme precipitation also increased. Spatially, for the precipitation indices, no significant trends were observed for annual total precipitation and extremely wet days in the southwest and the central part of Ontario. For temperature indices, cool days and warm night have significant trends in more than 90% of the study area. In general, the spatial variability of precipitation indices is much higher than that of temperature indices. In terms of comparisons between observed and simulated data, results showed large differences for both temperature and precipitation indices. For this region, the regional climate model was able to reproduce historical observed trends in climate indices very well as compared with global climate models. The statistical bias-correction method generally improved the ability of the global climate models to accurately simulate observed trends in climate indices.

scholarly journals Changes in the Risk of Extreme Climate Events over East Asia at Different Global Warming Levels

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2535
Author(s):  
Jintao Zhang ◽  
Fang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Extreme Temperature ◽  
Coupled Model ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Climate Extremes ◽  
Heavy Precipitation ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation

Limiting the global temperature increase to a level that would prevent “dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system” is the focus of intergovernmental climate negotiations, and the cost-benefit analysis to determine this level requires an understanding of how the risk associated with climate extremes varies with different warming levels. We examine daily extreme temperature and precipitation variances with continuous global warming using a non-stationary extreme value statistical model based on the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5). Our results show the probability of extreme warm and heavy precipitation events over East Asia (EA) will increase, while that of cold extremes over EA will decrease as global warming increases. A present-day 1-in-20-year heavy precipitation extreme in EA is projected to increase to 1.3, 1.6, 2.5, and 3.4 times more frequently of the current climatology, at the global mean warming levels of 1.5 °C, 2 °C, 3 °C, and 4 °C above the preindustrial era, respectively. Moreover, the relative changes in probability are larger for rarer events. These results contribute to an improved understanding of the future risk associated with climate extremes, which helps scientists create mitigation measures for global warming and facilitates policy-making.

scholarly journals Trends in Thailand’s Extreme Temperature Indices during 1955-2018 and Their Relationship with Global Mean Temperature Change

2020 ◽  
pp. 94-107
Author(s):  
Atsamon Limsakul
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Extreme Temperature ◽  
Local Scale ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Temperature Extremes ◽  
Global Mean Temperature ◽  
Temperature Distributions ◽  
Mean Temperature ◽  
Temperature Indices ◽  
Global Mean

Trends in Thailand’s extreme temperature indices and their relationship with global mean temperature (GMT) change are analyzed, based on longer quality controlled temperature data during 1955–2018. Widespread significant trends of extreme temperature indices with a clear warming evident in all indices are observed, consistent with the earlier results and general global warming. Changes associated with the upper tails of the minimum and maximum temperature distributions are the dominant feature of Thailand’s extreme temperature indices accounting for more than 65% of the total variance. Analysis of the probability distribution functions (PDFs) of combined extreme temperature indices further shows significant shifts in their distributions toward warmer conditions in the recent decades. The results suggest that daytime and nighttime temperatures in Thailand have become more extreme and that the changes are related to shifts in multiple aspects of the daily temperature distributions. With long-term temperature records, this study provides more confident and robust evidence of trends in Thailand’s temperature extremes occurred since the second half of 20th century. Another noteworthy finding is that most of Thailand’s extreme temperature indices show a distinct linear relationship with GMT, indicating that local-scale changes in temperatures and its extreme at local scale are related almost linearly to GMT change. The extrapolated values of the indices with strong linearity with GMT show substantial distinction with nearly 50% increase between 2 global warming levels set by Paris Agreement, highlighting that half a degree increase in GMT will lead to greatly increase in Thailand’s temperature extremes.

Future Climate Projection and Zoning of Extreme Temperature Indices

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Askari Zadeh ◽  
Gholamali Mozaffari ◽  
Mansoureh Kouhi ◽  
Younes Khosravi
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Extreme Temperature ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Base Period ◽  
The Past ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
The Future ◽  
Temperature Indices ◽  
Future Climate Projection

Abstract Global warming due to increasing carbon dioxide emissions over the past two centuries has had numerous climatic consequences. The change in the behavior and characteristics of extreme weather events such as temperature and precipitation is one of the consequences that have been of interest to researchers worldwide. In this study, the trend of 3 extreme indices of temperature: SU35, TR20, and DTR over two future periods have been studied using downscaled output of 3 GCMs in Razavi Khorasan province, Iran. The results show that the range of temperature diurnal variation (DTR) at three stations of Mashhad, Torbat-e-Heydarieh and Sabzevar during the base period has been reduced significantly. The trend of the number of summer days with temperatures above 35°C (SU35) in both Mashhad and Sabzevar stations was positive and no significant trend was found at Torbat-e-Heydarieh station. The number of tropical nights index (TR20) also showed a positive and significant increase in the three stations under study. The results showed highly significant changes in temperature extremes. The percentage of changes in SU35 index related to base period (1961–2014) for all three models (CNCM3, HadCM3 and NCCCSM) under A1B and A2 scenarios indicated a significant increase for the future periods of 2011–2030 and 2046–2065. TR20 is also expected to increase significantly during the two future periods. The percentage of changes of DTR into the future is negligible.

scholarly journals Changes in extreme climate indices in Sarajevo (Bosnia and Herzegovina)

2021 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Slobodan Gnjato ◽  
Tatjana Popov ◽  
Marko Ivanisevic ◽  
Goran Trbic
Keyword(s):  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Extreme Precipitation ◽  
Extreme Temperature ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Climate Indices ◽  
East Atlantic ◽  
Extreme Climate ◽  
Extreme Precipitation Indices ◽  
Precipitation Indices ◽  
Temperature Indices

The study analyzes trends in extreme climate indices in Sarajevo (Bosnia and Herzegovina). Based on daily maximum temperatures, daily minimum temperatures and daily precipitation during the 1961-2016 periods, a set of 27 indices recommended by the CCl/CLIVAR Expert Team for Climate Change Detection and Indices (ETCCDI) was calculated in the RClimDex (1.0) software. Given the results, the extreme temperature indices displayed a warming tendency throughout the year (most prominent in summer). The positive trends in warm temperature indices were stronger than the downward trends in cold ones. The highest trend values were estimated for TXx, TNx, TX90p, TN90p, WSDI, SU25 and SU30. The extreme precipitation indices displayed trends mixed in sign (annually and seasonally), but all statistically insignificant. However, upward trends in R99p, RX1day, RX5day, SDII, R10mm and R20mm suggest an increase in the magnitude and frequency of intense precipitation events. Moreover, significant changes in distribution of majority temperature indices were determined, whereas shifts in precipitation indices were mostly insignificant. The observed changes in extreme temperature indices are related with large-scale atmospheric circulation patterns (primarily the East-Atlantic pattern) and the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation. The negative correlation with the North Atlantic Oscillation, the East Atlantic/West Russia pattern and the Arctic Oscillation is found for majority of extreme precipitation indices.

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