scholarly journals Imperialism and the Question of System Stability

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-51
Author(s):  
Marcelo Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Political Stability ◽  
Great Powers ◽  
Marxist Theory ◽  
System Stability ◽  
Current Debate ◽  
World Peace ◽  
Economic Stability ◽  
Central Idea ◽  
Capitalist System ◽  
Private Corporations

Abstract One of the main controversies within the Marxist theory of imperialism centres on the capacity of the capitalist system to organise itself economically and politically. Ultimately, this argument is linked to the notion of system stability: the end of economic crises, and lasting world peace. The famous polemic between Lenin and Kautsky in the early 20th century about whether capitalism could be peacefully managed by the great powers and private corporations that compete for global wealth persists in much of the current debate. Some authors emphasise economic stability, while others highlight political stability, using terms such as globalisation, transnational capital and Empire, but the central idea remains that of a more disciplined capitalist system. This implies that the Marxist concepts of interstate competition and imperialism have become outdated. This article examines the Marxist literature on imperialism which holds that capitalism has become more organised, to the point of overcoming the rivalries between the great powers. It concludes that the argument that capitalism has reached a degree of organisation which invalidates the concept of imperialism is questionable and does not recognise some fundamental features of the capitalist system.

A World Food Action Program

Worldview ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 26-29
Author(s):  
Hubert H. Humphrey
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Developing World ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Action Program ◽  
World Food ◽  
Economic Stability ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Developed Countries

We have been waging a battle to improve the quality of life in the developing world for twenty-five years. Today this battle is being lost. As the world's military powers seek to reduce the risks of nuclear holocaust, new dangers to political and economic stability have arisen.The threat of widespread famine is on the increase. Fertilizer shortages grow, and the affluent continue to consume a disproportionate amount of the world's food resources. Worldwide inflation continues to take a heavy toll on the developing and the developed countries alike. This erodes political stability and depletes what little hard currency the poor nations have amassed.

scholarly journals Rethinking Cold War Culture: Gender, Domesticity, and Labor on the Global Home Front

2015 ◽  
Vol 87 ◽  
pp. 235-249
Author(s):  
Justin Rogers-Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Vice President ◽  
The United States ◽  
Chinese Economy ◽  
Home Front ◽  
Production Economies ◽  
Private Corporations

During their famous Kitchen Debate at the 1959 American National Exhibition in Moscow, US Vice President Richard Nixon and Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev argued over the relative merits of capitalism and communism, but they agreed on what success meant: nice furniture, big houses, and cool appliances. Both believed in the necessity of consumer citizenship in part because the mass production economies behind mass-produced domesticity meant lucrative contracts for both private corporations and state-owned enterprises. Like the defense corporations transforming Cold War fears into lucrative contracts, well-positioned individuals and firms in both countries understood that billions were at stake in the economy of domesticity. Much like the urbanization model that's driven the Chinese economy of the past twenty years, the mass housing projects of the United States and Soviet Union were vital to economic and political stability during the second half of the twentieth century. Both Nixon and Khrushchev understood that the success of their governments depended upon contented middle classes. Economic growth strongly influenced public opinion about political leadership and, by extension, government legitimacy. Nothing was more important to economic growth than housing. Each man fantasized about a future of beautiful mothers working effortlessly with electric mixers to feed their Cold War kids.

World Peace and Economic Stability

1971 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 151
Author(s):  
Edwin R. A. Seligman
Keyword(s):  
World Peace ◽  
Economic Stability

scholarly journals Interaction of Political Stability and Economic Development in Central Asian Countries

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbas Karaağaçlı
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Transition Process ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Capitalist System ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Central Asian Countries

Central Asian Countries decolonized by break up of USSR, struggle with the important and unsolvable problems during the process of transition from an implicit and statist economic system to the capitalist system. Although 20 years have passed, the liberal countries adopted the free market economy, face the big handicaps in the transition process of their economic system to the modern capitalist system. I have been in these territories in the transition process from socialist system to the capitalist system. So I am sure that the field of tourism, trade, industry, agriculture and service has the important role in the development planning of the countries. In this study I will try to emphasize the significance and necessity of political stability and social peace and comfort to the development of tourism and trade. My former studies focused on some countries of the Central Asian Countries, had got great attention in the international congresses. Now I will try to review the importance of tourism and trade in the development of Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan, and necessity of political stability and the advantages and disadvantages of these countries in this way. Naturally underground and over ground treasures, geopolitical, geostrategic, geo-economic positions, political systems, social structures of this region and regional balances affect directly or deviously the political stability of above countries. In this study I will try to offer suggestions in view of the fact that these interactions.

scholarly journals Human Development, Political Stability and Economic Growth: The way forward

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 451-461
Author(s):  
Areeba Khan ◽  
Sulaman Hafeez Siddiqui ◽  
Shahid Hussain Bukhari ◽  
Syed Muhammad Hashim Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Growth Models ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Reverse Causality ◽  
Economic Stability ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Endogenous Growth Models ◽  
Reallocation Of Resources

Economic growth has been known to foster human development for long term economic stability. The evidence of bi-causality in the human development and economic growth nexus is however limited. This paper builds on the reverse causality between human development and economic growth in context of Pakistan, with the moderating impact of political stability. The study applies OLS and VECM on the data collected from World Bank Database from year 2006 to 2018. Our findings exhibit empirical evidence related to endogenous growth models and a significant causal relationship between human development and economic growth, moderated by political stability. The relationship is further explained by trajectories of happiness, health and income redistribution. Our findings suggest efficient reallocation of resources towards human development to address post pandemic growth concerns.

scholarly journals A LEI DE ARBITRAGEM NA ADMINISTRAÇÃO PÚBLICA

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (45) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Márcio Bonini Notari
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
The State ◽  
Marxist Theory ◽  
Ruling Class ◽  
Capitalist System ◽  
Social Fabric ◽  
The Third ◽  
Legal Power ◽  
The Social

<p><strong>RESUMO </strong></p><p>O presente artigo tem por objetivo analisar o projeto de Lei, em tramitação perante o Senado Federal, que altera alguns dispositivos da Lei 9.307/96, instituindo a possibilidade de aplicação da Lei de Arbitragem no âmbito da Administração Pública. No primeiro momento, será abordado o conflito, a partir da teoria marxista e sua concepção acerca do Estado e do direito, enquanto aparelhos ideológicos, repressivos e intermediários dos interesses das classes dominantes, reproduzindo a lógica do sistema capitalista de produção, no uso da violência simbólica para a resolução das celeumas sociais. No segundo instante, o trabalho irá tratar alguns fatores atinentes à crise do poder jurídico estatal na solução das demandas presentes no tecido social, verificando, em especial, alguns fatores decorrentes da cultura normativista predominante na formação do jurista e suas implicações quanto à forma litigiosa no tratamento das lides. No terceiro ponto, será abordado o novo projeto de Lei, em tramitação junto ao Senado Federal, que institui a aplicação do instituto da arbitragem, em se tratando de conflitos envolvendo a administração pública.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Palavras chaves: Estado, direito, capitalismo, conflitos, arbitragem e administração pública</strong>.</p><p> </p><p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p> </p><p>His article aims to analyze the draft law, in progress in the Senate amending some provisions of Law 9,307 / 96, establishing the possibility of applying the Arbitration Law in Public Administration. At first, the conflict will be addressed, from the Marxist theory and his conception of the state and law, while ideological, repressive and intermediate the interests of the ruling class devices, reproducing the logic of the capitalist system of production, the use of violence symbolic for the resolution of social uproar. In the second moment, the work will address some factors relating to crisis of state legal power to solve the demands present in the social fabric, checking in particular some factors arising from normative culture predominant in the formation of the jurist and its implications for the way in litigation treatment of chores. On the third point, will address the new draft law, in proceedings before the Federal Senate, establishing the application of the concept of arbitration, in the case of conflicts involving public administration.</p><p> </p><p><strong> Key words: state, right, capitalism, conflicts, arbitration and public administration.</strong></p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Herbert Spencer: the unrecognized father of the theory of demographic transition

2019 ◽  
pp. 4-24
Author(s):  
Anatoly Vishnevsky
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Demographic Transition ◽  
Fertility Decline ◽  
Current Debate ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Central Idea ◽  
Herbert Spencer ◽  
The Future ◽  
Scientific Worldview

It is believed that the central idea of the theory of the demographic transition from an equilibrium of high to an equilibrium of low mortality and fertility was formed and became generally recognized in the middle of the twentieth century. The article shows that this idea was developed by Herbert Spencer a hundred years before, although modern demographic transition theorists never refer to him as their predecessor. The main task of the article is to bring Spencer's arguments to the current debate about the present and the future of fertility, based on the premise that these arguments not only are not outdated, but are even today largely ahead of their time. The article does not deny Spencer's misconceptions about the mechanism of fertility decline in human society, but as to the causes of this decline, the higher level of generalization inherent in Spencer's scientific worldview predetermined an understanding of these causes deeper than that developed by modern theoretical demographers.

scholarly journals The Distribution of Identity and the Future of International Order: China’s Hegemonic Prospects

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bentley Allan ◽  
Srdjan Vucetic ◽  
Ted Hopf
Keyword(s):  
International Order ◽  
Great Powers ◽  
Current Debate ◽  
The Future ◽  
Rise Of China ◽  
Near Term ◽  
Material Power ◽  
Hegemonic Transition ◽  
The Rise Of China

Existing theories predict that the rise of China will trigger a hegemonic transition and the current debate centers on whether or not the transition will be violent or peaceful. This debate largely sidesteps two questions that are central to understanding the future of international order: how strong is the current Western hegemonic order and what is the likelihood that China can or will lead a successful counter-hegemonic challenge? We argue that the future of international order is shaped not only by material power but also by the distribution of identity across the great powers. We develop a constructivist account of hegemonic transition that theorizes the role of the distribution of identity in international order. In our account, hegemonic orders depend on a legitimating ideology that must be consistent with the distribution of identity at both the level of elites and masses. We map the distribution of identity across nine great powers and assess how this distribution supports the current Western neoliberal democratic hegemony. We conclude that China is unlikely to become the hegemon in the near-term. First, the present order is strongly supported by the distribution of identity in both Western states and rising powers like India and Brazil. Second, China is unlikely to join the present order and lead a transition from within because its authoritarian identity conflicts with the democratic ideology of the present order. Finally, China is unlikely to lead a counter-hegemonic coalition of great powers because it will be difficult to build an appealing, universal ideology consistent with the identities of other great powers.

Hegemony in Foreign Policy

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Ned Lebow ◽  
Simon Reich
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Great Powers ◽  
Policy Support ◽  
Economic Stability ◽  
American Hegemony ◽  
Rise Of China ◽  
The Rise Of China ◽  
Established Role

American realists, liberals, journalists, and policymakers speak of American hegemony as if it were an established role, although a threatened one given the rise of China. They describe hegemony as essential to international political and economic stability, and a role that only America can perform. These claims are highly questionable, as there is no evidence that the United States is a hegemon nor that it has provided the benefits American international relations theorists attribute to a hegemon. To the extent these benefits are provided, it is the result of the collective efforts of numerous states, by no means all of them great powers. American assertions of hegemony are viewed with jaundiced, if not hostile, eyes by other states. Hegemony is a fiction, propagated by Americans to gain special privileges, justify an interventionist foreign policy, support the defense industry, and buttress national self-esteem. In practice, the quest for hegemony is a threat, not a prop, to the global order.

Quantitative Measurement of Some Marxist Categories

1987 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 1303-1321 ◽  
Author(s):  
M J Webber
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Measurement ◽  
Marxist Theory ◽  
Joint Production ◽  
Capitalist System ◽  
Productive Labour ◽  
Theory Of Value ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Choice Of Technique ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Data Requirements

In this paper the theoretical and methodological requirements for the measurement of Marxist categories are examined. After a brief introduction to the Marxist theory of value, it is claimed that labour must be the standard of commodities; the meaning of social necessity is explained, the methods of treating skilled and heterogeneous labour illustrated, and productive labour defined. It is then shown how value is measured, when there is joint production, fixed capital, and choice of technique; the methods explicitly treat the time structure of production and emphasise that only expected values can be measured. Measures of the performance of the capitalist system are derived; and the relationship of value measures to price measures is stated. Last, the data requirements of these proposals are considered in the conclusion.

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