scholarly journals Human relations in nursing care towards cancer patients submitted to antineoplastic chemotherapy

2008 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Conceição Adriana Sales Fontes ◽  
Neide Aparecida Titonelli Alvim

OBJECTIVES: To describe the relationship between nurses and cancer patients, in the context of chemotherapy, according to the client's perception; to analyze nursing practice in oncology, based on human healthcare principles. METHODS: This is a qualitative, exploratory and descriptive research. Ten clients undergoing chemotherapy treatment took part in the study. The "Almanac" techniques of creativity and sensitivity were associated to semi-structured interviews. RESULTS: The subjects' discourses revealed that nursing care is supported on principles that are proper of human relations, such as friendship, affection, attention, tolerance and solidarity. It was also highlighted that the nurse's actions join technical and human attributes together, considering life as a fundamental ethical value in relation to human dignity as the main interaction element in healthcare. CONCLUSIONS: The results contributed for the reflection about nursing care within chemotherapy, collaborating with possible changes in the nurse's oncology healthcare practice with this client, who already is very stigmatized by the social construction of the disease.

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuri Andrea Arango-Bernal

Objetivo: analizar los significados que construyen las madres de personas en condición de hemofilia, sobre ser portadoras de la enfermedad. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio cualitativo con enfoque del interaccionismo simbólico que, a través de una etnografía particularista y el uso de entrevistas semiestructuradas, observaciones y revisión documental, rescató el punto de vista de 17 madres pertenecientes a la Liga Antioqueña de Hemofílicos que participaron de manera voluntaria y residen en diferentes municipios del departamento de Antioquia. Resultados: Las participantes se reconocen a sí mismas como seres potenciales, es decir, no sólo como trasmisoras o cuidadoras de la enfermedad de sus hijos, sino como sujetos cognoscentes de su realidad dispuestas a reflexionar sobre sus aprendizajes e incorporarlos a favor de la relación consigo mismas y con los demás. Los significados más relevantes son: empezar a vivir con hemofilia, asumir la enfermedad, la familia, el cuidado y la crianza, la relación con los servicios de salud, caminando con algo que no se puede desprender y darse cuenta. Conclusiones: La salud colectiva es la posibilidad de tener un acercamiento más comprensivo al proceso salud – enfermedad – atención de los colectivos humanos, tomando en cuenta las condiciones económicas, sociales y culturales en las que estos se inscriben. La pregunta por los significados de estas madres develó el tejido de lo individual y lo colectivo, como un asunto que trasciende el plano biológico de la enfermedad y da cuenta de la construcción social en la que confluyen prácticas, saberes, imaginarios y sentimientos.Palabras Clave: Cuidadores, enfermedad crónica, hemofilia A, madresSignifi cance of being a hemophilia carrierAbstractObjective: Analyzing the meanings that mothers of people with hemophilia, build about being carriers of the disease. Materials and methods: Study based on the qualitative method supported by the approach of symbolic interaction, which through a particularistic ethnography, and the use of semi-structured interviews, observations and document review, rescued the point of view of 17 mothers belonging to the Liga Antioqueña de Hemofílicos. They participated voluntarily and reside in different municipalities of Antioquia. Results: The participants recognize themselves as potential beings, that is, not only as disseminators or carers of the illness of their children, but as cognocentes subject of their reality willing to reflect on their learning and incorporate them in favor of the relationship with herself and others. The most important meanings are: start living with hemophilia, assuming the disease, the family, the care and upbringing, relationships with health services, walking with something that can not be detached and realize. Conclusions: Collective health is the ability to have a more comprehensive approach to process health - disease - care of human groups, taking into account the economic, social and cultural conditions in which they are registered. The question of the meaning of these mothers, unveiled the tissue of the individual and the collective, as a matter that transcends the biological level of the disease and accounts for the social construction that blends practices, knowledge, imaginary and feelings.Key Words: Hemophilia A, chronic disease, mothers, caregivers. Significado de ser portadora de hemofiliaResumo                                   Objetivo: Analisar os significados construídos pelas mães de pessoas com hemofilia, sobre ser portadores da doença. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo qualitativo com foco no interacionismo simbólico, que, através de uma etnografia individualista e o uso de entrevistas semi-estruturadas, observações e revisão documental, resgatou o ponto de vista de 17 mães pertencentes à Liga Antioquia de Hemófilos que participaram voluntariamente e residem em diferentes municípios do departamento de Antioquia. Resultados: Os participantes se reconhecem como seres potenciais, ou seja, não apenas como transmissores ou cuidadores da doença de seus filhos, mas como sujeitos cognitivos de sua realidade que estão dispostos a refletir sobre sua aprendizagem e a incorporá-los em favor do relacionamento com eles mesmos e com os outros. Os significados mais relevantes são: começar a viver com hemofilia, assumir a doença, família, cuidados e educação, relacionar-se com os serviços de saúde, caminhar com algo que você não pode separar e perceber. Conclusões: A saúde coletiva é a possibilidade de ter uma abordagem mais abrangente para o processo saúde-doença-cuidado de grupos humanos, levando em consideração as condições econômicas, sociais e culturais nas quais estão registradas. A questão dos significados dessas mães revela o tecido do indivíduo e o coletivo como um problema que transcende o plano biológico da doença e explica a construção social em que as práticas, o conhecimento, o imaginário e os sentimentos convergem.Palavras-Chave: Cuidadores, doenças crônicas, hemofilia A, mães  


Author(s):  
Katjuša Gorela ◽  
Roberto Biloslavo

The professional development of a young researcher is mainly influenced by the organizational culture and the relationship with academic colleagues, especially mentors. This chapter presents the results of a qualitative study conducted on a sample of 16 researchers employed in three Slovenian public universities. The study examines the senior-junior researcher relationship, as the relationship between mentor and mentee, the nature of their cooperation, and how new knowledge is generated and transmitted. In-depth semi-structured interviews and content analysis for structuring qualitative data was used. The results indicate that the professional development of junior researchers is based mostly on their independent work where the mentor guidance is only occasional. Despite the development of information and communication technology, and in particular the Social Web tools, the mentorship in the framework of higher education institutions is still based on a face-to-face relationship.


Author(s):  
Bridget Escolme

This chapter discusses the relationship between actor and scenography in twentieth and twenty-first century productions of Hamlet and King Lear, particularly the common theatrical trope of realist acting on abstract stage sets. It argues that whilst in some productions the notion of tragic hero as common man reduces the plays to a set of psychological problems, in others, contrasts and tensions between acting style and scenography or theatre architecture have created what the author calls a ‘politics of intimacy’. These productions have made it possible for detailed, realist acting on non-naturalistic stage sets to pose potent questions about the social and political meanings of human relations in the plays. They have allowed for an audience experience that involves both psychological intimacy and ideological critique.


2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (65) ◽  
pp. 18-30
Author(s):  
Cristian Bedoya Dorado ◽  
Mónica García-Solarte ◽  
Juan Sebastián Peña-Zúñiga ◽  
Steven Alejandro Piñeros Buriticá

Management in the context of higher education has been characterized by the predominance of male participation, mainly in senior management positions. As a result, women’s low participation is mainly concentrated in lower management positions, and their chances of escalating hierarchical positions are mediated by various factors ranging from subjective to socially naturalized. The objective of this research is to analyze the barriers women face to enter and escalate positions in university management in Colombia. Under a qualitative design, 26 semi-structured interviews were applied to university managers from different institutions of higher education in Colombia. The transcripts were analyzed using discourse analysis through three categories: individual, internal, and external barriers of the university. It was found that women face entry and promotion barriers marked by experiences, and conditions of inequality and discrimination in a male-dominated context. These barriers are conditioned by personal elements, organizational culture, and the social role of women. In addition, women’s trajectories involve mediation between professional development and family life. The study reveals experiences that contribute to understanding the research phenomenon from the webbing of senses and meanings. It is posited that the “glass ceiling” is mediated by variables in the internal order, and by the relationship between universities and their context.


Author(s):  
Laura Oso ◽  
Pablo Dalle

AbstractThis chapter analyses the relationship between migration and social mobility in Argentina and Spain from a transnational perspective focusing on two dimensions: the patterns of intergenerational social mobility of immigrants and natives in both countries; the social mobility strategies and trajectories of Galicians families in Buenos Aires and Argentinians, of Galician origin, who migrated to Galicia after the 2001 crisis. The chapter begins by contextualizing the migratory trends in Europe and Latin America. This is followed by a comparative study of how immigration impacts on the class structure and social mobility patterns in Argentina and Spain. Quantitative analysis techniques are used to study the intergenerational social mobility rates. The statistical analysis of stratification and social mobility surveys have been benchmarked against previous studies conducted in Argentina (Germani, G., Movilidad social en la sociedad industrial. EUDEBA, Buenos Aires, 1963; Dalle, P., Movilidad social desde las clases populares. Un estudio sociológico en el Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires (1960–2013). CLACSO/Instituto de Investigaciones Gino Germani-UBA/CICCUS, Buenos Aires, 2016) and Spain (Fachelli, S., & López-Roldán, P., Revista Española de Sociología 26:1–20, 2017). Secondly, qualitative research methods are used to consider the social mobility strategies and class trajectories of migrant families. We analyse two fieldworks, developed in the framework of other research projects (based on 44 biographical and semi-structured interviews). These case studies were carried out with Galicians that migrated to Argentina between 1940 and 1960 and Argentinians, of Galician origin, who migrated to Galicia after the 2001 crisis.


2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erlend Paasche

Abstract Research on migration’s internal dynamics has focused on labour migration and drawn heavily on cumulative causation theory. It is often believed that pioneer labour migrants of middling socioeconomic selectivity facilitate the migration of others in their networks by reducing the costs and risks of migration through practical assistance. Expanding migrant networks can allow for labour migration to grow although macrostructural conditions change. For asylum migration in the context of armed conflict, the mechanisms whereby migration grows may very well differ. For one thing, pioneer asylum migrants in such contexts are often social elites. What is the relationship between the movement of these elites and that of subsequent asylum migrants? This article traces the evolution of Iraqi Kurdish asylum migration to Europe from its inception by elite pioneer migrants to its continuation by non-elites, during four decades of altered contextual conditions. The analysis is based on 106 semi-structured interviews with Iraqi Kurdish migrants. An evolving interplay between exogenous and endogenous dynamics is observed, and so are commonalities with the social processes that underpin labour migration. The basic principles of cumulative causation seem to be operating, yet there is little to indicate that established migrants functioned as ‘bridgeheads’ for newcomers. The empirical analysis feeds into a concluding conceptual discussion in which I argue that, compared to labour migration, asylum migration from conflict-affected areas may be relatively less driven by the interpersonal networks that reduce costs and risks, and relatively more driven by what the article coins ‘emulation’, the observational learning of migration.


Author(s):  
Katjuša Gorela ◽  
Roberto Biloslavo

The professional development of a young researcher is mainly influenced by the organizational culture and the relationship with academic colleagues, especially mentors. This chapter presents the results of a qualitative study conducted on a sample of 16 researchers employed in three Slovenian public universities. The study examines the senior-junior researcher relationship, as the relationship between mentor and mentee, the nature of their cooperation, and how new knowledge is generated and transmitted. In-depth semi-structured interviews and content analysis for structuring qualitative data was used. The results indicate that the professional development of junior researchers is based mostly on their independent work where the mentor guidance is only occasional. Despite the development of information and communication technology, and in particular the Social Web tools, the mentorship in the framework of higher education institutions is still based on a face-to-face relationship.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
ERMÍNIA MEDEIROS MACÊDO ◽  
Roseli Farias de Melo Barros ◽  
Luciano Silva Figueiredo ◽  
Márcio Luciano Pereira Batista

Abstract Background: Tales, myths, beliefs and superstitions are part of the daily life of traditional communities, which strongly believe in the interference of both natural forces and activities, as well as supernatural ones in their social manifestations. Whether in the imaginary facts or real situations experienced by residents, this set of relationships and symbolisms underlie the cosmology of that social group, through which it is possible to identify traces of the cultural and identity constitution of a people. In quilombola communities, the recurrence of these cultural elements is a common practice. In this perspective, the objective was to recognize the tales, myths, beliefs and superstitions of the Quilombola Custaneira/Tronco community in the state of Piauí, as instruments for reaffirmation and strengthening of traditional knowledge and local culture. Method: The methodological path was based on the ethnographic approach and the life history through semi-structured interviews with 23 residents, being older or living longer in the locality. Results: By entering the cosmological universe of the Custaneira/Tronco community and accessing the accounts involving their tales, myths, beliefs and superstitions, we can identify, as in other quilombola communities, the presence of three worlds: the dead, the living and the enchanted.Conclusions: The conclusive aspects point out that the tales, myths, beliefs and superstitions, like the “Father of the Forest”, the visions and the “Mother of Water”, greatly influence the social and cultural practices of the community, especially in hunting rituals, in the relationship with animals and with local natural resources. The cosmological arrangement performs functions that organize its social structure and maintain the connection with its ancestors and its traditionality.


2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudval Souza Da Silva ◽  
Ana Raquel Lima Peralva De Almeida ◽  
Francieli Aparecida De Oliveira ◽  
Arly Silva Oliveira ◽  
Maria do Rozário De Fátima Borges Sampaio ◽  
...  

Objetivo: descrever o conhecimento da equipe de enfermagem sobre a Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem (SAE) e o Processo de Enfermagem (PE). Metodologia: pesquisa exploratória e descritiva, realizada em 2013, com 32 profissionais de enfermagem de um hospital público do Norte da Bahia. Para a coleta de dados, foi usada a entrevista semiestruturada e os dados foram tratados segundo a técnica de análise de conteúdo de Bardin. Resultados: três categorias temáticas: 1) SAE e PE: do que estamos falando? 2) Fatores dificultadores na operacionalização do PE: com a palavra os enfermeiros 3) A formação de nível médio em enfermagem: competências e habilidade para o desenvolvimento do PE. Conclusão: existe um déficit relacionado ao conhecimento sobre a SAE e a aplicação do PE como ferramenta prática para sistematizar o cuidado de enfermagem.Descritores: Equipe de Enfermagem; Processos de enfermagem; Administração dos cuidados ao paciente.NURSING CARE SYSTEMATIZATION IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF STAFFObjective: to describe the knowledge of the nursing staffs on the Nursing Care Systematization (NCS) and the Nursing Process (NP). Methodology: this is an exploratory and descriptive research, accomplished in 2013, with 32 nursing professionals from a public hospital North of Bahia. To collect data, we used the semi-structured interviews and data were treated with the technique Bardin’s content analysis. Results: three thematic categories: 1) NCS and NP: what are we talking about? 2) Difficulty factors in the operationalization of the NP: with the word nurses 3) The formation of secondary level nursing: competences and skills to the development of NP. Conclusion: there is a deficit related to the knowledge of the NCS and the application of the nursing process as a practical tool to systematize nursing care.Descriptors: Nursing team; Nursing process; Patient care management.SISTEMATIZACI ÓN DE LA ASISTENCIA DE ENFERMERÍA EN LA PERSPECTIVA DEL EQUIPOObjetivo: describir el conocimiento del personal de enfermería en la Sistematización de la Asistencia de Enfermería (SAE) y el proceso de enfermería (PE). Metodología: investigación exploratoria y descriptiva, realizada en 2013, con 32 profesionales de enfermería de un hospital público al Norte de Bahía. Para recopilar los datos, hemos utilizado las entrevistas semiestructuradas y los datos fueron tratados por la técnica de análisis de contenido de Bardin. Resultados: los tres temas: 1) SAE y PE: ¿qué estamos hablando? 2) factores que dificultan la aplicación de la PE: con la palabra los enfermeras 3) La formación de enfermería de nivel medio: las habilidades y la capacidad de desarrollar PE. Conclusión: hay un déficit en relación con el conocimiento de la SAE y la aplicación del proceso de enfermería como herramienta práctica para sistematizar los cuidados de enfermería.Descriptores: Grupo de enfermeira; Procesos de enfermeira; Manejo de atención al paciente.


2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 244-259
Author(s):  
Abdulaziz M. Alsufyani ◽  
Abdulaziz A. Aldawsari ◽  
Sayer M. Aljuaid ◽  
Khalid E. Almalki ◽  
Yasir M. Alsufyani

Background: The examination of the literature indicates that practicing nurses are barely engaged in developing enhancement programs for quality nursing care. There are numerous studies on the value of nursing care, but none offers ways of assessing the value of care provided by nurses. Identifying the essence of quality nursing care can facilitate effective enhancement approaches. It was prudent to explore the relationship between advocacy, caring, and empathy in delivering quality nursing care.Purpose: This study aimed to comprehend the views of Saudi Arabian nurses on how empathy, advocacy, and caring act as measurements of quality of nursing care.Methods: A qualitative investigative, descriptive design was used to explore the advocacy, empathy, and caring from the viewpoints of practicing nurses. Twenty-one general and specialized medical care nurses from King Saud Medical City in Saudi Arabia were recruited through purposive sampling. The researchers conducted semi-structured interviews that were recorded, written out, and subjected to thematic analysis.Results: The findings have led to the establishment of quality Saudi nursing care with the identification of core themes: empathy, advocacy, and caring. The findings of this study elevate the understanding of the quality of nursing care in the Saudi context.Conclusion: The participants aver that patient advocacy, empathy, and care are parts of the characteristics of nursing profession. These characteristics aid in listening and comprehending patients’ perspectives. Following the findings, it is suggested to provide training to the nurses to overcome the challenges faced by nurses in reflecting empathy.


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