scholarly journals Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum P. Miller) compression due to "K" wood box closing

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 746-750
Author(s):  
Rita de Fátima Alves Luengo ◽  
Adonai Gimenez Calbo ◽  
Angelo Pedro Jacomino
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Physical Capacity ◽  
Load Cell ◽  
Significant Part ◽  
Tomato Fruits ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Hydraulic Load ◽  
Accommodation Process

Wood boxes kind "k" are the most used in table tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum P. Miller) commercialization in Brazil. Due to the fruit accommodation process that occurs during the transport from the production place to the commercialization point, producers fill tomato boxes a little bit over its physical capacity, and they close it with wood strips fixed with nails. In order to prevent strips from cracking, it is common to keep them inside water before using, to increase flexibility. When boxes are opened, many fruits are cracked or kneaded in a significant part of their total area, and normally they are thrown away. The purpose of this paper was to quantify the compression tomato fruits are exposed to in consequence of the "k" box fill / closing system. For this study a special instrumented box was constructed with a scales plate located at the bottom, with a hydraulic load cell instrumented in the box. This instrument was then used to study the compression of fruits as the box is filled and the compression increase caused by the addition of its wooden lid. The "k" box closing system caused an initial compression increase 3.5 times the compression of the open tomato box, and during time as the fruits are substantially deformed. This compression was reduced two about two times de initial reference value. The consequence of this observed fruit compression is compatible with the fruit deformations and even cracks observed in the market, which are known to be relevant post harvest losses causes in the Brazilian tomato handling industry.

scholarly journals PEMANFAATAN RADIASI GAMMA Co-60 DALAM PEMULIAAN TANAMAN TOMAT (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) DENGAN METODE MUTAGEN FISIK

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
I Gusti Agung Ngurah Ari Kusuma Putra ◽  
I Gusti Ngurah Sutapa ◽  
I Gde Antha Kasmawan
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Tomato Plant ◽  
Vitamin B1 ◽  
Radioactive Material ◽  
Tomato Fruits ◽  
Induced Mutation ◽  
Control Fruit ◽  
Human Effort ◽  
Radiation Genetic

A research on Co-60 gamma radiation effect of induced mutation in physiological growth of tomato plant (Lycopersicon Esculentum L.) has been done. Tomato plant quality can be improved through induced mutation Co-60 gamma radiation. Genetic change could be caused by induced mutation from radioactive material as a human effort. IRPASENA plant with Co-60 gamma radiation source exposed with dosage treatment of 50 Gy, 100 Gy, 150 Gy, 200 Gy and 250 Gy in tomato seeds. The measurement carried out against the physiological growth of plant height, leaves width, amount and weight of tomato fruits at the first week until harvest time. Result shows that the correct radiation dosage for tomato breeding is 100 Gy. Radioactivity concentration in improved tomato fruits after radiation exposure is less than 1.00 Bq/kg. Vitamins content on improved tomato fruits after exposure, particularly on vitamin C is 130.000 mg/kg compared to control fruit that is 70.000 mg/kg, the vitamin B1 also shows increased value (0.63 mg/kg) compared with control fruit (0.496%).

Multiple Forms of 1,4- β -Glucanase in Ripening Tomato Fruits Include a Xyloglucanase Activatable by Xyloglucan Oligosaccharides

1992 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 137 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Maclachlan ◽  
C Brady
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Hydrophobic Interaction ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
Hydrophobic Interaction Chromatography ◽  
Multiple Forms ◽  
Tomato Fruits ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Specific Activities

Extracts of ripening tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L. var. Sunny) were tested for their capacity to hydrolyse carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and seed xyloglucan (XG) at different pH values in the presence or absence of seed XG oligosaccharide subunits (7 to 9 sugar residues). CMC-ase activities were most active at pH 5 and 7 in locule extracts, whereas XG-ase activity was most active in the presence of XG oligosaccharides at pH 6 in pericarp extracts. The cation exchange FPLC column, Mono S, separated three zones of CMC-ase activity in pericarp extracts. One zone was most active at pH 5, and two at pH 7. The three CMC-ases had some XG-ase activity in the presence of oligosaccharide but, in addition, there were two regions of the eluate with XG-ase but no CMC-ase activity. The presence of XG-ase activity, separate from CMC-ases, was also observed after hydrophobic interaction chromatography, and in protein precipitated by lowering the salt content of extracts. During ripening, the CMC-ases and the oligosaccharide-activated XG-ases in pericarp extracts increased in total and specific activities, while endogenous XG-ase activity, that is in the absence of XG oligosaccharides, remained unchanged or declined. It is concluded that multiple, 1,4-β-glucanase activities develop in ripening tomato fruit, including, in pericarp tissue, a specific XG-ase which is latent and activated by XG oligosaccharides.

scholarly journals Hydrogen Sulfide Maintained the Good Appearance and Nutrition in Post-harvest Tomato Fruits by Antagonizing the Effect of Ethylene

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gai-Fang Yao ◽  
Chuang Li ◽  
Ke-Ke Sun ◽  
Jun Tang ◽  
Zhong-Qin Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Tomato Fruits ◽  
Post Harvest

scholarly journals Changes of Nutrient Contents in Tomato Fruits Under The Influence of Increasing Intensity of Manganese Nutrition

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Kleiber
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Plant Nutrition ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Manganese Sulfate ◽  
Tomato Fruits ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Macro And Micronutrients ◽  
Manganese Nutrition

Abstract The aim of conducted in years 2008-2012 studies was to assess the efficiency of application of increasing manganese levels on the nutritive value of tomato fruits (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cvs. ‘Alboney F1’ and ‘Emotion F1’), expressed in the contents of macro- and micronutrients. Plants were grown in rockwool with application of nutrient solution characterized the following chemical composition (in [mg dm–3]): N-NH4 2.2, N-NO3 - 230, P - 50, K - 430, Ca - 145, Mg - 65, Cl - 35, S-SO4 - 120, Fe - 2.48, Zn - 0.50, Cu - 0.07, pH -5.50, EC - 3.00 mS cm–1. The following manganese plant nutrition levels were examined (in mg Mn · dm–3): 0.06 (control), 0.3, 0.6, 1.2 (Experiment I), 2.4, 4.8, 9.6 and 19.2 (Experiment II); (denoted as Mn-0, Mn-0.3, Mn-0.6, Mn-1.2, Mn-2.4, Mn-4.8, Mn-9.6; Mn-19.2). The source of manganese was manganese sulfate (MnSO4 · H2O, 32.3% Mn). The nutritive value of tomato fruits changed significantly under the influence of the application of wide range of manganese concentrations. It was found a significant reduction of the content of phosphorus (Exp. I, II), potassium (Exp. II), calcium (Exp. I, II) and magnesium (Exp. I, II). Manganese influence on the decreasing content of other metallic micronutrients (Fe, Zn, Cu) in fruits. Cultivar had a significantly influence on the content of: nitrogen (except Mn-2.4, Mn-4.8, Mn-9.6), potassium (in Exp. II, except Mn-4.8), calcium (except for Mn-0.6, Mn-2.4), magnesium (except Mn-0.3 and Mn-2.4), iron (except Mn-1.2), manganese and zinc (except control combination) and copper (except Mn-0.6 and Mn-1.2). The highest contents of N, Ca and Mg in fruits were recorded for the application of Mn-0, while for P and K - at 0.3 mg Mn dm–3, whereas it was lowest for all these nutrients (except N) in the case of Mn-19.2 (Exp. II). The reduction of nutrient contents amounted to (% changes: from the lowest content to the highest content): N (11.3), P (48.1), K (24.8), Ca (75.4), Mg (57.5), Fe (59.2), Zn (65.4) and Cu (43.7).

Post harvest behavior of tomato as influenced by nitrogen and potassium levels

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (02) ◽  
pp. 140-147
Author(s):  
S. Paudel ◽  
P. Pantha
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Ambient Condition ◽  
Tomato Fruits ◽  
Color Development ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Four Levels

Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) is highly perishable and has potential for processing industries in bumper producing seasons in Nepal. The study on judicious use of nitrogen and potassium levels was aimed to explore the quality attributes along with the shelf life of tomato fruits. Three levels of nitrogen comprising 0 kg/ha (N0), 100 kg/ha (N100), 200 kg/ha (N200) and four levels of potassium 0 K2O kg/ha (K0), 80 K2O kg/ha (K80), 160 K2O kg/ha (K160), 240 K2O kg /ha (K240) were used as treatments in randomized complete block design with three replications at Chitwan (Inner Terai) Nepal. Tomatoes at breaker stage were harvested from the field and 10 fruits from each treatment per replication were kept for physiological weight loss, color rating and shelf life in ambient condition (17.5±3 0C and 80.5±6.5 % RH). Fruit quality with respect to physicochemical properties like firmness, TSS, TA, pH and Vitamin C was assessed at the end of shelf life. Higher potassium levels hasten color development and increased TSS, firmness and vitamin C content. Physiological weight loss was greatly reduced and extended shelf life was achieved with 100 kg N/ha and 240 kg K2O/ha.

scholarly journals Effect of Post-harvest UV-B Irradiation on Polyphenol Profile and Antioxidant Activity in Flesh and Peel of Tomato Fruits

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 2241-2250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonella Castagna ◽  
Chiara Dall’Asta ◽  
Emma Chiavaro ◽  
Gianni Galaverna ◽  
Annamaria Ranieri
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Tomato Fruits ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Polyphenol Profile

scholarly journals Phytochemical screening and antifungal potency of Vernonia amygdalina (bitter leaf) extract against post harvest mycodeterioration of tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum)

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (17) ◽  
pp. 327-337
Author(s):  
U. N. Emiri ◽  
E. B. Enaregha
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Lycopersicum Esculentum ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Rhizopus Stolonifer ◽  
Vernonia Amygdalina ◽  
Tomato Fruits ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts

The study investigated fungi associated with post harvest tomato fruits sold in the open market in Port Harcourt Metropolis. The antifungal activity (bitter leaf) extracts against spoilage was studied using well-in-agar diffusion method. Results showed that mean percentage incidence of fungi isolated from tomato fruits were Rhizopus stolonifer (56%), Aspergillus niger (62%) and Altermaria altermata (35%). Aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Vernonia amygdalina at different concentrations (20%, 40%, and 60%) (w/v) were used against fungi isolates, while water and ketoconzole (0.5 mg/mL) served as negative and positive control, respectively. Aqueous and ethanolic extracts of V. amygdalina inhibited the growth of all three test fungi. There were significant differences (p > 0.05) in the mean inhibitory effects of plant extracts and control. Antifungal activity measured as diameter of zone of inhibition revealed that V. amygdalina acqueous extract at 60% was very active against Aspergillus niger (16.50 mm) and Alternaria altermata (16.00 mm), while being moderately active against Rhizopus stolonifer (13.00 mm). However, 60% ethanolic extract of V. amygdalina was very active against A. niger (19.00 mm), A. altermata (17.00 mm) and Rhizopus stolonifer (15.80 mm). Phytochemical screening of V. amygdalina revealed the presence of tannins, oxalate, saponnins, flavanoid, cynogenic glucoside, phytate and Alkaloids V. amygdalina could serve as a potentially viable alternative to chemical fungicides in the preservation of post harvest tomato fruits (Lycopersicum esculentum).

scholarly journals Reduction of Tomato Post-Harvest Losses by Using 1-Methylcyclopropene

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Marcos Vieira da Silva ◽  
Cassia Inês Lourenzi Franco Rosa ◽  
Adimilson Bosco Chitarra
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Ripening ◽  
Tomato Plant ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ethylene Synthesis ◽  
Tomato Fruits ◽  
Ripening Process ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
The World ◽  
Plant Culture ◽  
Useful Life

<p>Tomato is one of the most produced and consumed olericole plants in the world, being a highly perishable fruit, which presents high levels of losses in the post-harvest period. As a form of reducing these losses, it is necessary to know the product physiology. The fruit-ripening phase involves changes in the sensorial characteristics that are unchained by ethylene, a hormone naturally synthesized within the cells and liberated in the form of gas. Ethylene can also be applied on an exogenous way, thus accelerating and making even the ripening of fruits as the tomato. On the other hand, the ripening process can be delayed with the use of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), an inhibitor of ethylene synthesis, thus prolonging the useful life in the post-harvest period. In the present investigation, with the purpose of a literature revision, in a general way, it was to demonstrate the forms of controlling the ripening of tomato fruits, in the post-harvest period, in order to prevent and reduce losses. The collected data showed that, with better care during the fruit handling and, mainly, with the use of different technologies, as the application of 1-MCP, post-harvest losses in tomato plant culture can be reduced significantly.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.14685/rebrapa.v4i1.116">http://dx.doi.org/10.14685/rebrapa.v1i1.6</a></p>

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