scholarly journals Identification and medical importance of coagulase-negative staphylococci species

1999 ◽  
Vol 117 (4) ◽  
pp. 175-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine Cristina Manini Minto ◽  
Cristiane Barelli ◽  
Roberto Martinez ◽  
Ana Lúcia da Costa Darini
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Intravenous Catheter ◽  
Catheter Colonization ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Medical Importance ◽  
The University ◽  
Intravenous Catheters

A total of 126 coagulase-negative staphylococci strains (CNS) were isolated from blood samples and from the intravenous catheters and cerebrospinal fluid of 103 patients admitted to the University Hospital of Ribeirão Preto. Staphylococcus epidermidis (68.2%), S. haemolyticus (11.1%) and S. hominis (3.2%) were the most frequent species. The last two CNS showed greater resistance to antimicrobial agents than S. epidermidis. CNS were the agents of infection in 10.7% of the patients and the agents of intravenous catheter colonization in 18.4% of the cases.

Dynamics of Hemodialysis Catheter Colonization by Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci

2005 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 567-574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph A. Fux ◽  
Dominik Uehlinger ◽  
Thomas Bodmer ◽  
Sara Droz ◽  
Claudine Zellweger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Catheter Colonization ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Hemodialysis Catheter ◽  
Hemodialysis Unit ◽  
Colonization Dynamics ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

AbstractObjectives:Catheter colonization is a necessary but poorly characterized step in the pathogenesis of catheter-related infections. Colonization dynamics of central venous hemodialysis catheters were studied with emphasis on coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) and their population genetics, antibiotic resistance, and biofilm formation. The homogeneity of CoNS colony morphotypes was evaluated.Design:Prospective, longitudinal study during 1,158 catheter-days with microbiological analysis of skin swabs, weekly catheter blood and brush samples, and catheter tips.Setting:Hemodialysis unit of a university hospital.Patients:Twenty-six patients with 24 non-tunneled and 5 tunneled catheters.Results:Nineteen (65.5%) of the catheters became colonized, 17 by CoNS. CoNS colonization of the inner lumen was observed in 17.2% of the catheters and was first detectable after 3 weeks. Colonization of the outer surface occurred in 44.8% of the catheters within a minimum of 2 weeks. PFGE of 53 CoNS revealed 10 clones and 20 unique isolates. Isolates from clones were more frequent in catheter blood and brush cultures than were unique isolates (41% vs 15%), were resistant to more antibiotics (median, 7 vs 2), and tended to more often carry theicaAgene (64.1% vs 40%). Four (23.5%) of the catheters showed colonization with a mixture of CoNS based on PFGE. The time from catheter insertion to such mixed CoNS colonization was longer than that for colonization with one CoNS PFGE pattern only (42 vs 25 days).Conclusions:Colonization of hemodialysis catheters is dominated by multidrug-resistant,icaA-positive CoNS clones. Mixed CoNS colonization occurs, but is delayed, suggesting a process of sequential superinfection (Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol2005;26:567-574).

scholarly journals Pathogenesis of infections related to intravascular catheterization.

1993 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
D A Goldmann ◽  
G B Pier
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Normal Skin ◽  
Host Factors ◽  
Infusion Therapy ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
The Past ◽  
Skin Flora ◽  
Technological Improvements

Over the past few decades, there have been major technological improvements in the manufacture of intravenous solutions and the manufacture and design of catheter materials. However, the risk of infection in patients receiving infusion therapy remains substantial, in part because of host factors (for example, increased use of immunosuppressive therapy, more aggressive surgery and life support, and improved survival at the extremes of life) and in part because of the availability of catheters that can be left in place for very long periods. Microbial components of normal skin flora, particularly coagulase-negative staphylococci, have emerged as the predominant pathogens in catheter-associated infections. Therefore, efforts to prevent skin microorganisms from entering the catheter wound (such as tunnelling of catheters and use of catheter cuffs and local antimicrobial agents) are logical and relatively effective. The specific properties of microorganisms that transform normally harmless commensals such as coagulase-negative staphylococci into formidable pathogens in the presence of a plastic foreign body are being explored. For example, Staphylococcus epidermidis elaborates a polysaccharide adhesin that also functions as a capsule and is a target for opsonic killing. However, the interactions between microorganism and catheter that lead to adherence, persistence, infection, and dissemination appear to be multifactorial.

scholarly journals A one-year survey of nosocomial bacteraemia at a Danish university hospital

1986 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 471-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Eliasen ◽  
P. B. Nielsen ◽  
F. Espersen
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Focus Of Infection ◽  
One Year ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Catheter Infections ◽  
Hospital Acquired ◽  
Intravenous Catheters ◽  
Overall Mortality

SUMMARYA 1-year prospective study of nosocomial bacteraemia was performed at Hvidovre Hospital with special reference to frequency, focus of infection and prognosis. All patients were examined clinically in order to confirm the bacteraemia. In total, 98 hospital-acquired bacteraemias were observed, giving an incidence rate of 0·28%. Bacteraemia due to Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis predominated. The overall mortality was 38%; 65% of the patients with S. aureus bacteraemia died, 25% due to the bacteraemia. The most common types of infection were urinary tract infections and intravenous catheter infections. Fifty-five of the bacteraemias were caused by foreign bodies, mostly urinary catheters and intravenous catheters, and in 14 cases the focus was unknown. The patient population was severely ill patients. We conclude that nosocomial bacteraemia occurs specially in severely ill patients often preceded by indwelling urinary or intravenous catheters. The patients seldom die due to the bacteraemia, but they die with concomitant bacteraemia.

scholarly journals Clinical microbiology laboratories and COVID-19: an interview with Joseph Blondeau

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Blondeau
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Clinical Microbiology ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Residency Training Program ◽  
Associate Professor ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Doctor Of Philosophy ◽  
University Of Manitoba ◽  
The University

This interview was conducted by Atiya Henry, Commissioning Editor of Future Microbiology. Joseph M Blondeau, MSc, PhD, RSM(CCM), SM(AAM), SM(ASCP), FCCP is a Clinical Microbiologist and Head of Clinical Microbiology at Royal University Hospital (Saskatoon Health Region) and the University of Saskatchewan in Saskatoon, Canada. He is also the Provincial Clinical Lead for Microbiology in Saskatchewan, Canada. He holds a Masters of Sciences in Microbiology from Dalhousie University (1985) and a Doctor of Philosophy in Medical Microbiology from the University of Manitoba (1989). Following completion of his PhD, he completed a 1 and a half year post-doctoral training in an infectious diseases research laboratory at Dalhousie University and following which he completed a 2 year post-doctoral residency training program in Clinical Microbiology, also at Dalhousie University. He holds appointments as a Clinical Associate Professor of Pathology, Adjunct Professor of Microbiology and Immunology and Clinical Associate Professor of Ophthalmology. He teaches to undergraduate and graduate students in the areas of microbiology, infectious diseases, antimicrobial agents and pharmacology. Dr Blondeau’s main research interests are in the area of antimicrobial agents and antimicrobial resistance, clinical microbiology and clinical outcomes associated with antimicrobial therapy in both human and veterinary medicine.

scholarly journals Draft Genome Sequences and Antimicrobial Profiles of Three Staphylococcus epidermidis Strains from Neonatal Blood Samples

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (13) ◽  
Author(s):  
Innocent Afeke ◽  
Ahmed Moustafa ◽  
Misa Hirose ◽  
Mareike Becker ◽  
Hauke Busch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Pathogenic Factors ◽  
Neonatal Blood

Data on molecular characterization of coagulase-negative staphylococci causing neonatal sepsis in low-income countries are highly limited. This report highlights the isolation of three Staphylococcus epidermidis strains, NGASs, from blood samples from neonates, with unknown transmission sources. Pathogenic factors and sources of transmission of these strains warrant further investigation.

scholarly journals Antibiotic Resistance inStaphylococcus aureusand Coagulase Negative Staphylococci Isolated from Goats with Subclinical Mastitis

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salvatore Virdis ◽  
Christian Scarano ◽  
Francesca Cossu ◽  
Vincenzo Spanu ◽  
Carlo Spanu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Gene Coding ◽  
Resistance Patterns

Antimicrobial resistance patterns and gene coding for methicillin resistance (mecA) were determined in 25S. aureusand 75 Coagulase Negative Staphylococci (CNS) strains isolates from half-udder milk samples collected from goats with subclinical mastitis. Fourteen (56.0%)S. aureusand thirty-one (41.3%) CNS isolates were resistant to one or more antimicrobial agents.S. aureusshowed the highest resistance rate against kanamycin (28.0%), oxytetracycline (16.0%), and ampicillin (12.0%). The CNS tested were more frequently resistant to ampicillin (36.0%) and kanamycin (6.7%). Multiple antimicrobial resistance was observed in eight isolates, and oneStaphylococcus epidermidiswas found to be resistant to six antibiotics. ThemecAgene was not found in any of the tested isolates. Single resistance againstβ-lactamics or aminoglicosides is the most common trait observed while multiresistance is less frequent.

A Decade of Antimicrobial Susceptibilities at the University of Kentucky Hospital

2002 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 596-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert P Rapp ◽  
Julie A Ribes ◽  
Sue B Overman ◽  
Theodore E Darkow ◽  
Martin E Evans
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Clinical Microbiology Laboratory ◽  
University Of Kentucky ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
The University

OBJECTIVE: To determine the antimicrobial susceptibility rates for key antimicrobial agents and selective bacterial pathogens in the decade of the 1990s. METHODS: Data from 1990 to 2000 from the University of Kentucky Clinical Microbiology Laboratory were analyzed by linear regression analysis to identify agents and pathogens that show a decline in susceptibility. For selected pathogens and antimicrobial agents, predictions were made for further declines in susceptibility for 2005 and 2010. RESULTS: Significant declines in susceptibility to selected antimicrobial agents were found for Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloacae, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Streptococcus pneumoniae. Further declines were predicted for 2005 and 2010. CONCLUSIONS: Examination of susceptibility rates over time in a university hospital medical center provides useful data for future planning. In our institution, antimicrobial susceptibility rates have significantly declined during the 1990s for certain antimicrobial agents and bacterial pathogens. We are attempting to change our antimicrobial use patterns through formulary manipulation and clinician education, which may retard or prevent such declines in the future.

Therapeutic Effect of Linezolid in Children With Health Care–Associated Meningitis or Ventriculitis

2018 ◽  
Vol 57 (14) ◽  
pp. 1672-1676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fumihiro Ochi ◽  
Hisamichi Tauchi ◽  
Kozo Nagai ◽  
Kyoko Moritani ◽  
Mari Tezuka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Empirical Therapy ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Therapy Failure ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Target Concentration ◽  
Vancomycin Concentration ◽  
High Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Gram Positive Cocci

We evaluated the efficacy of linezolid treatment in 6 children with health care–associated meningitis or ventriculitis (HCAMV) caused by gram-positive cocci. All children were diagnosed and treated at the Ehime University Hospital between January 2010 and December 2017. Of these, 5 were treated with linezolid as an empirical therapy. In these 5 patients, vancomycin was initially used but was changed to linezolid because of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) culture positivity (n = 3) and a high minimum inhibitory concentration of vancomycin (n = 2). The most common HCAMV pathogens were methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci (n = 3). In 3 patients, vancomycin concentration was low in CSF but reached the target concentration in serum, while linezolid concentration was high in both CSF and serum. HCAMV treatment using antimicrobial agents with poor CSF penetration may increase the likelihood of therapy failure. Linezolid is more susceptible as the first-line treatment for HCAMV compared with vancomycin.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document