scholarly journals Radiopacity of calcium hydroxide cement compared with human tooth structure

2004 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 290-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina Lopes Devito ◽  
Ana Isabel Ortega ◽  
Francisco Haiter-Neto
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Hydroxide ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Tooth ◽  
Equivalent Thickness ◽  
Secondary Caries ◽  
Tooth Structure ◽  
Base Materials ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lead Foil

AIMS: All materials added to teeth should present an adequate radiopacity to allow the detection of secondary caries. Usually, in extensive cavities, base materials like calcium hydroxide cement are used for the purpose of protecting the pulp. In an attempt to improve the efficiency of radiographic detection of this material, this study aimed to determine the radiopacity of three calcium hydroxide cements and to compare the radiopacity of these materials with dentin and enamel. METHODS: Radiographs were taken of 1-mm thick specimens of three calcium hydroxide cements: Hydro-C, Dycal and Life, an aluminium stepwedge, a lead foil, and one 1-mm thick human tooth slice. Densitometric measurements were obtained after radiographic processing. The radiopacity values of the calcium hydroxide cements, dentin and enamel were expressed in terms of the equivalent thickness of aluminium. RESULTS: The analysis of variance indicated statistically significant difference only for Life, which presented the lowest radiopacity when compared to the other cements. However, all cements and enamel possessed a radiopacity equivalent to 2mm Al, while dentin presented a radiopacity equivalent to 1mm Al. CONCLUSION: All tested cements presented a similar radiopacity to that of enamel and they meet the ISO 4049 specifications.

Materials-Based Occupation versus Imagery-Based Occupation versus Rote Exercise: A Replication and Extension

1993 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
William P. DeKuiper ◽  
David L. Nelson ◽  
Bob E. White
Keyword(s):  
Motion Analysis ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Residential Facilities ◽  
The Other ◽  
Vertical Distance ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Distance Variable

Historically, occupational therapists have embedded exercise within occupation to enhance performance. In a recent study Lang, Nelson, and Bush (1992) compared the effects of materials-based occupation (kicking a balloon), imagery-based occupation (imagining kicking a balloon), and rote exercise on the number of exercise repetitions performed. This study extends that study by measuring the vertical distance and speed of the movement by means of Motion Analysis, Inc. digitization of videotape, in addition to exercise repetitions. The subjects included 24 women and 4 men between 76 and 98 years of age residing in residential facilities. All of the subjects experienced the three conditions but in different orders. After a statistically significant analysis of variance across the three conditions (p<.001), the Tukey procedure determined that the materials-based occupation condition elicited significantly more repetitions than the other two conditions. The difference between the imagery-based occupation and rote exercise was not statistically significant. Analyses of variance indicated no significant difference between conditions for both the vertical distance variable ( p=.074) and the speed variable ( p=.61).

The Study of Learners’ Educational Level and Their Knowledge of True Cognate Words in Iran

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 985
Author(s):  
Siros Izadpanah ◽  
Maryam Hatemi ◽  
Fatemeh Asadi
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Content Validity ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
The Other ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Anova Analysis ◽  
Validity Index ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Our purpose of the study was to determine the learners’ educational level and their knowledge of true cognate words. 385 had been selected from 3,789 statistical population participated in 2014–2015 at three levels of associate, bachelor, and master of Islamic Azad University as well as teachers of English in English educational institutions in Zanjan (Iran). The participants’ age was between from 18 to 52. The materials were 45 words of true cognate words from 500 words by doing CVR (content validity ratio) and CVI (content validity index) (Lawshe’s table with the index of 88% and 82% respectively). ANOVA (Analysis of variance) was used for studying the effect of educational level on the rate of awareness. The results showed there is no significant difference between the awareness of Associate diploma (A.D.), Bachelor of art (B.A.), and Master of art (M.A.) levels, but there is a significant difference between the level of awareness of teachers group and the other groups in true cognate words. Our result showed that all of them were weak in recognizing true cognate words. It also suggested the mean of true cognates recognized by the students based on educational level had increased trend.

An Analysis of Game Play in Volleyball

1990 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilyn Buck ◽  
Joyce M. Harrison
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Performance Improvement ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Game Play ◽  
Ability Group ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ability Groups ◽  
Low Ability

This study describes game play patterns in two beginning volleyball classes for the set, forearm pass, serve, and spike. The subjects, 58 male and female university students, were pretested and placed into ability groups. The 22 days of class were videotaped and the videotapes were analyzed by tallying successful and unsuccessful trials for the four skills. A one-way analysis of variance was used to determine any differences between classes and between ability groups for contacts per serve and percentage of successful trials. No significant difference was reported between classes, but there were significant differences between ability groups for contacts per serve and percentage of successful trials except for spike trials. Plots provided the semester game play patterns for analysis and indicated that the low-ability group contacted the ball fewer times than the other groups and was not as successful when contact was made. According to the plot patterns, game play did not result in performance improvement. Instruction needs to incorporate gamelike drills and lead-up games to bridge the gap from skill drills to game play.

scholarly journals Effects of glycerin application on the hardness of nanofilled composite immersed in tamarind soft drinks

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Titis Mustikaningsih Handayani ◽  
Raditya Nugroho ◽  
Lusi Hidayati ◽  
Dwi Warna Aju Fatmawati ◽  
Agus Sumono
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Immersion Time ◽  
Soft Drink ◽  
Soft Drinks ◽  
Composite Resins ◽  
The Other ◽  
Tooth Structure ◽  
Hardness Level ◽  
Hardness Tester ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Loss of tooth structure is a consideration in the performance of restorative treatment involving nanofilled composite resins. Material polymerization factors and water absorption can affect the hardness of composite resins. Imperfect polymerization producing an oxygen inhibited layer (OIL) and causing water absorption can even compromise the hardness of nanofilled composite resins. Tamarind soft drink, on the other hand, has an acidic pH that compromises the hardness of nanofilled composite resins. Purpose: This study aimed to reveal the effects of glycerin application on the hardness of nanofilled composite resins immersed in tamarind soft drinks. Methods: The research constituted a laboratory experiment using 24 nanofilled composite resin samples with diameters of 5mm or 2mm, divided into six groups, namely: Group G, Group G AS 60, Group G AS 120, Group TG, Group TG AS 60, and Group TG AS 120. Glycerin was applied to the surfaces of three groups before curing, while the other three groups were not treated with glycerin. Finishing was subsequently conducted on all samples using a highspeed handpiece and superfine finishing bur, before they were polished with a low speed handpiece. The samples were then divided into specific groups, namely: a group with a 120-minute immersion time, a group with a 60-minute immersion time, and a group which was not immersed and maintained at a temperature of 37oC. Each sample was tested at three points using a Vickers hardness tester (VHT). Results: The results showed that the groups with glycerin had a higher hardness level than those groups. In addition, the non-immersed groups had a higher hardness level than those groups which were immersed. The one-way ANOVA test results confirmed that there was a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) between all groups. Conclusion: The application of glycerin to nanofilled composite resins immersed in tamarind soft drinks can increase their hardness levels.

scholarly journals Survival of Prosthodontic Restorations Luted with Resin-Based versus Composite-Based Cements: Retrospective Cohort Study

Materials ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 312
Author(s):  
Ján Staněk ◽  
Abanoub Riad ◽  
Adam Le ◽  
Matěj Bernát ◽  
Milad Hammal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
High Survival ◽  
High Survival Rate ◽  
Secondary Caries ◽  
Posterior Teeth ◽  
Tooth Structure ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Indirect Composite

The purpose of this study was to evaluate clinical performance, survival, and complications of indirect composite inlays, onlays, and overlays on posterior teeth. Digital records of 282 patients treated between 2014 and 2018 were accessed and analyzed retrospectively. The included patients received 469 composite restorations luted with seven different resin-based types of cement, i.e., Filtek Ultimate Flow, Enamel Plus, Relyx Ultimate, Harvard Premium Flow, Relyx Unicem, Filtek Bulk Fill Flowable, and Filtek Ultimate. The restorations had been clinically and radiographically evaluated annually. The mechanical and clinical complications, e.g., debonding, fracture, and secondary caries, were evaluated and recorded. The examined restorations exhibited a high survival rate (84.9%), and failure was found in only 71 cases. Fracture was the most common cause (n = 36), followed by prosthetic work release (n = 19) and secondary caries (n = 16). There was a statistically significant difference between failure and cement material (Sig. < 0.001); the composite-based cements (87.2%) had a high survival rate compared to the resin-based cement (72.7%). Similarly, the cements with high viscosity (90.2%) had significantly higher survival rates than the low-viscosity cements (78.9%). Moreover, onlays showed higher longevity compared to overlays (Sig. = 0.007), and patients aged under 55 years showed less complications (Sig. = 0.036). Indirect composite restoration was a successful solution to tooth structure loss. The material of the cementation is an important part of the success. Higher survival rate was found in our study when the fixation materials with high viscosity were used, thus suggesting using these materials with indirect restorations. Composite-based cements had significantly higher survival rate than resin-based cements.

scholarly journals The Difference in English Proficiency Between Tourism and Engineering Students of Two Asian Universities

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2S6) ◽  
pp. 219-224
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Engineering Students ◽  
English Proficiency ◽  
Statistical Analyses ◽  
The Other ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference

This study was conducted to evaluate and compare the level of English proficiency of Tourism and Engineering students in two Asian universities and to examinee how certain factors affect their proficiency in the language. The descriptive technique was applied in this study. Statistical analyses were done using mean, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Turkey’s HSD and correlation coefficient. The correlation performed between English proficiency of the respondents and the other variables yielded different results prompting different decisions on hypothesis 1. Hypothesis 2 is rejected. There exists a significant difference between the English proficiency of Tourism and Engineering students. Engineering students of university A have mean scores in English proficiency significantly different or higher than Tourism students of university A and the Engineering and Tourism students of university B.

scholarly journals Comparison of a Vegetable-Based Dental Chew to 2 Other Chews for Oral Health Prevention

2021 ◽  
pp. 089875642110542
Author(s):  
Jerzy Gawor ◽  
Katarzyna Jodkowska ◽  
Emilia Klim ◽  
Michał Jank ◽  
Celine S. Nicolas
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Dental Care ◽  
The Other ◽  
Daily Administration ◽  
Health Prevention ◽  
Gingival Bleeding ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Calculus Formation

Giving dental chews to dogs is part of the passive homecare that helps prevent the formation of plaque and tartar. The objectives of these studies were to assess the effectiveness of a vegetable-based dental chew (VF) to maintain oral health, and to compare it to 2 different reference chews (RC) with a proven effectiveness. The first study was conducted on 45 small dogs (<10 kg) and the second on 60 larger dogs (15-30 kg) who were randomly assigned to 3 different groups. During 30 days, one group received no chew (control) while the second and third group received either one RC (RC1 or RC2) or one VF per day. All dogs had their teeth scaled on Day 0. On Day 30, scores were given for plaque and calculus. Gingival parameters were also assessed. Statistical analysis (analysis of variance and Tukey tests ± Bonferroni's adjustment) were performed to compare groups with α set at .05 for significance. The 3 types of chews were found to be efficacious to reduce plaque and calculus formation and the gingival bleeding compared to control ( P < .05). There was no significant difference between RCs and VF in both trials except for the gingival bleeding parameters which showed a greater improvement with VF. Therefore, daily administration of the VF is effective to reduce plaque and calculus formation and gingival bleeding and has a better efficacy on gingival bleeding than the other reference products tested. It can therefore be used with confidence at home for preventative dental care.

scholarly journals Row Spacings and Schedule of Urea Application on Sweet Corn (Zea mays) at MSU-Buug Campus

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 343-348
Author(s):  
Junry R. Maato ◽  
Abdani D. Bandera ◽  
Jowie P. Cullamar ◽  
Angelyn M. Montuerto
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Block Design ◽  
The Other ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Medium Level

This study was conducted with an area of 540 square meters excluding canals and was divided into twenty plots. Each plot was measured 3m x 9m. The experimental area was laid out following Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). The study aimed to determine the effect of different row spacings and schedule of urea application in medium level on the yield of sweet corn. Results of the analysis showed that the average length and average circumference of corn ears in centimeter per plot per treatment both showed no significant difference as affected by different row spacings and schedule of application of urea. Results of the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) on the average weight and total weight of corn ears in kg per plot per treatment showed that there was significant difference on the yield of sweet corn using row spacings. However, no significant difference on the schedule of application of urea. Thus, R2 is recommended in terms of longest husk, biggest circumference of husk, and heavier husk of corn ears. On the other hand, R1 is recommended to obtain more husk of corn ears and R5 is recommended to obtain heavier husk of corn ears.

scholarly journals A Comparative Clinical Study of the Effect of Denture Cleansing on the Surface Roughness and Hardness of Two Denture Base Materials

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 476-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amani Ramadan Moussa ◽  
Wessam Mohamed Dehis ◽  
Asmaa Nabil Elboraey ◽  
Hisham Samir ElGabry
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Acrylic Resin ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
The Other ◽  
Denture Base ◽  
Base Materials ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Comparative Clinical Study ◽  
Denture Cleansers

AIM: This study aimed to verify the influence of oral environment and denture cleansers on the surface roughness and hardness of two different denture base materials. METHODS: A total of sixteen identical removable disc specimens (RDS) were processed. Eight RDS were made from heat-cured acrylic resin (AR) and the other eight were fabricated from thermoplastic injection moulded resin (TR). Surface roughness and hardness of DRS were measured using ultrasonic profilometry and Universal testing machine respectively. Then the four RDS (two AR and two of TR) were fixed to each maxillary denture, after three months RDS were retrieved. Surface roughness and hardness of RDS have measured again.RESULTS: The surface roughness measurements revealed no significant difference (p >0.05) for both disc groups at baseline. However, both groups showed a significant increase in the surface roughness after three months with higher mean value for (TR) group. On the other hand, the (AR) group showed higher hardness mean value than (TR) group at baseline with no significant decrease in the hardness values (p >0.05) following three months follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS: Denture cleansers have an effect on the denture’s surface roughness and hardness concurrently with an oral condition which will consequently influence the complete dentures’ lifetime and patients’ satisfaction.

scholarly journals Radiopacity of 28 Composite Resins for Teeth Restorations

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Raitz ◽  
Patrizia Dubinskas Moruzzi ◽  
Glauco Vieira ◽  
Marlene Fenyo-Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Composite Resin ◽  
Nonparametric Test ◽  
Composite Resins ◽  
Human Tooth ◽  
Equivalent Thickness ◽  
Tooth Structure ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Restoration Failure ◽  
Tooth Section ◽  
Wilcoxon Nonparametric Test

ABSTRACT Aim Radiopacity is a fundamental requisite to check marginal adaptation of restorations. Our objective was to assess the radiopacity of 28 brands of light-cured composite resins and compare their radiopacity with that of enamel, dentin, and aluminum of equivalent thickness. Materials and methods Composite resin disks (0.2, 0.5, and 1 mm) were radiographed by the digital method, together with an aluminum penetrometer and a human tooth equivalent tooth section. The degree of radiopacity of each image was quantified using digital image processing. Wilcoxon nonparametric test was used for comparison of the mean thickness of each material. Results All of the materials tested had an equal or greater radiopacity than that of aluminum of equivalent thickness. Similar results for enamel were found with the exception of Durafill, which was less radiopaque than enamel (p < 0.05). All the specimens were more radiopaque than dentin, except for P90 (which was equally radiopaque) and Durafill (which was less radiopaque). The thickness of the specimens may influence the similarity to the enamel's radiopacity. All of the composite resins comply with specification #27 of the American Dental Association. The radiopacity of Amelogen Plus, Aph, Brilhiante, Charisma, Concept Advanced, Evolux X, Exthet X, Inten S, Llis, Master Fill, Natural Look, Opallis, P60, Tetric, Tph, Z100, and Z250 was significantly higher than that of enamel (p < 0.05). Conclusion With these composites, it is possible to observe the boundaries between restoration and tooth structure, thus allowing clinicians to establish the presence of microleakage or restoration gap. Clinical significance Suitable radiopacity is an essential requisite for good-quality esthetic restorative materials. We demonstrate that only some composites have the sufficient radiopacity to observe the boundaries between restoration and tooth structure, which is the main cause of restoration failure. How to cite this article Raitz R, Moruzzi PD, Vieira G, Fenyo- Pereira M. Radiopacity of 28 Composite Resins for Teeth Restorations. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(2):136-142.

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