scholarly journals Ectoparasites community in Satanoperca jurupari (Cichlidae) from the Jari River, a tributary from Amazon River in Northern Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Sidney Brito de Oliveira ◽  
Raissa Alves Gonçalves ◽  
Lígia Rigor Neves ◽  
Drielly Oliveira Ferreira ◽  
Marcos Tavares-Dias
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Amazon River ◽  
Ichthyophthirius Multifiliis ◽  
Host Behavior ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Low Diversity ◽  
Northern Brazil ◽  
High Dominance

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the gills parasites in Satanoperca jurupari from the Jari River, state of Amapá, in eastern Amazon (Brazil). The gills of 100% of the hosts were parasitized by Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (Protozoa), Sciadicleithrum juruparii (Monogenoidea) Genarchella genarchella, Posthodiplostomum sp. (Digenea) Ergasilus coatiarus and Argulus multicolor (Crustacea), and a total of 27,043 parasites were collected. However, the dominance was of I. multifiliis and there was aggregated dispersion of parasites with greater discrepancy for S. juruparii and A. multicolor. Low species richness of parasites (3.1 ± 1.1), low Brillouin diversity index (0.27 ± 0.23), low evenness (0.16 ± 0.13) and high dominance of Berger-Parker (0.88 ± 0.15) were found. The community of parasites in S. jurupari was characterized by low species richness, low diversity and low evenness, with high prevalence and low abundance. The size of host did not have any influence on the parasites community, but the host behavior and availability of infective stages of the parasites were factors structuring the community of ectoparasites found here.

scholarly journals First study on parasites of Hemibrycon surinamensis (Characidae), a host from the eastern Amazon region

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Danielle Figueiredo Guimarães Hoshino ◽  
Érico Melo Hoshino ◽  
Marcos Tavares-Dias
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
Condition Factor ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Amazon Region ◽  
Ichthyophthirius Multifiliis ◽  
Host Behavior ◽  
Random Dispersion ◽  
The Mean

This study was the first investigation of communities and infracommunities of parasites of Hemibrycon surinamensis. All the fish collected in a tributary of the Amazon river were parasitized by one or more parasite species. The Brillouin diversity index (HB) was 0.46 ± 0.28 and the mean species richness was 3.5 ± 1.2 parasites per host. A total of 14,734 parasites were collected, including Ichthyophthirius multifiliis and Piscinoodinium pillulare (Protozoa); Jainus hexops and Tereancistrum sp. (Monogenoidea); Ergasilus turucuyus and Argulus sp. (Crustacea); metacercariae of Derogenidae gen. sp.; metacercariae and adults of Genarchella genarchella (Digenea); and Cucullanus larvae and Contracaecum larvae (Nematoda). The dominant parasite was I. multifiliis, followed by P. pillulare. The parasites showed aggregated dispersion, except for E. turucuyus, which had random dispersion. The condition factor (Kn) indicated that the parasitism levels had not affected host body condition. The high levels of infection observed were due to host behavior, and this was discussed. This was the first report of I. multifiliis, P. pillulare, Argulus sp., E. turucuyus, G. genarchella, J. hexops and Tereancistrum sp. in H. surinamensis, and it expanded the occurrence of E. turucuyus and G. genarchella to the eastern Amazon region.

scholarly journals Diversity of metazoan parasites in Colossoma macropomum (Serrasalmidae) from the lower Jari River, a tributary of the Amazonas River in Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bianca Barata GONÇALVES ◽  
Marcos Sidney Brito OLIVEIRA ◽  
William Felix BORGES ◽  
Gracienhe Gomes SANTOS ◽  
Marcos TAVARES-DIAS
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Parasite Community ◽  
Dominance Index ◽  
Metazoan Parasites ◽  
Colossoma Macropomum ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Random Dispersion ◽  
Northern Brazil

ABSTRACT This study investigated the diversity of metazoan parasites in Colossoma macropomum from the Jari River, in the eastern Amazon, northern Brazil. We collected a total of 4966 parasites from 34 fishes, including monogeneans (Anacanthorus spathulatus, Mymarothecium boegeri, Notozothecium janauachensis and Linguadactyloides brinkmanni), nematodes (Spectatus spectatus larvae, Contracaecum sp. larvae andProcamallanus (Spirocamallanus) inopinatus), digeneans (Cladorchiidae metacercariae), acanthocephalans (Neoechinorhynchus buttnerae), crustaceans (Ergasilus turucuyus, Argulus multicolor, Perulernaea gamitanae and Braga patagonica), mites and leeches. The dominance was of monogenean species, found in the gills of the hosts. The parasites exhibited high aggregate dispersion, except Contracaecum sp. and P. (S.) inopinatus, that showed uniform and random dispersion, respectively. The species richness of parasites varied from 1 to 9, the Brillouin diversity index from 0 to 1.52, evenness from 0 to 0.63 and the Berger-Parker dominance index from 0.39 to 1.00. Abundance of parasites was not influenced by host length, but there was significant correlation with host body weight in some cases. The parasite community was characterized by low species richness and moderate diversity, with a predominance of ectoparasites with high prevalence and abundance, as well as the presence of endoparasites in the larval stage.

Effect of drainage ditches on Brachycera (Diptera) diversity in a southern Quebec peatland

2010 ◽  
Vol 142 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amélie Grégoire Taillefer ◽  
Terry A. Wheeler
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
Habitat Degradation ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Drainage Ditches ◽  
Drainage Ditch ◽  
Forest Park ◽  
Ecological Requirements ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
High Dominance

AbstractCanadian peatlands are subject to disturbance and destruction, and drainage for agriculture is responsible for 85% of this degradation. Few studies have explicitly addressed the effects of habitat degradation on arthropod diversity in Nearctic peatlands. Because higher Diptera (Brachycera) in peatlands are diverse, are an important component of food webs, and exhibit a wide range of ecological requirements, we examined species richness, abundance, and community composition of Brachycera across transects at 1, 6, and 11 m from a collector drainage ditch in Johnville Bog and Forest Park, Quebec. In total, 1453 Brachycera were collected, representing 24 families and 166 species. Species diversity (based on Simpson’s diversity index) and rarefaction-estimated species richness were higher at 6 and 11 m than at 1 m from the ditch, probably because of the homogeneous moss cover and moister conditions at greater distance from the ditch. Species composition also differed between 1 m and other distances, based on cluster analysis, multiresponse permutation procedures analysis, and the presence of five predaceous species that were significant indicator species 1 m from the drainage ditch. Our results suggest that anthropogenic degradation of hydrological conditions may be responsible for the low species richness and high dominance of a few species currently seen at the ditch margin.

scholarly journals DIVERSITAS SERANGGA TANAH DI BERBAGAI TIPE TANAH PADA LAHAN REKLAMASI BEKAS TAMBANG KAPUR KABUPATEN TUBAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Dwi Oktafitria ◽  
Dewi Hidayati ◽  
Eko Purnomo
Keyword(s):  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Pitfall Trap ◽  
Reclaimed Land ◽  
Dominant Type ◽  
Wiener Diversity Index ◽  
Low Diversity ◽  
High Dominance ◽  
Habitat Similarity

<p><em>The purpose of this study was to determine the diversity of soil insect orders in the reclamation area of former limestone quarries in the top soil type, spoil and reject product used in the media for land reclamation processes. This research sampling technique uses a pitfall trap tool. This study used descriptive quantitative data analysis using the Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Simpson dominance index, Pielou species evenness index, and index of Morisista-Horn habitat similarity. Based on the research that has been done it can be concluded that the reclamation land in 2010 with the dominant type of dust has a low diversity category and a high dominance category with the discovery of 4 orders. The reclaimed land in 2014 with the dominant clay type soil has a moderate diversity category and a low dominance category with 7 orders found. Whereas the reclamation land in 2016 with the dominant type of sand has a low diversity category and a high dominance category with the discovery of 8 orders. The spread of species in all three locations was categorized evenly and between locations did not have the same community. </em></p>

Community and infracommunities of metazoan parasites in Hemiodus unimaculatus (Hemiodontidae) from Jari River basin, a tributary of Amazon River (Brazil)

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Odonei Moia Almeida ◽  
Marcos Sidney Brito Oliveira ◽  
Marcos Tavares-Dias
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Parasite Community ◽  
Amazon Region ◽  
Amazon River ◽  
Metazoan Parasites ◽  
Random Dispersion ◽  
Northern Brazil ◽  
Species Richness And Abundance ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Parasites are an important part of biodiversity, and knowledge of species and their relationship with their hosts helps in monitoring an ecosystem over time. The aim of this study was to investigate the fauna of metazoan parasites in Hemiodus unimaculatus from the Jari River, in the eastern Amazon region, northern Brazil. Of the fish examined, 96.7% were parasitized by one or more species, and a total of 336 parasites such as Dactylogyridae gen. sp.1, Dactylogyridae gen. sp.2, Dactylogyridae gen. sp.3, Dactylogyridae gen. sp.4, Gyrodactilydae gen. sp., Urocleidoides sp.1, Urocleidoides sp.2, Urocleidoides sp.3, metacercariae of Digenea gen. sp., Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) inopinatus, Contracaecum sp., Neoechinorhynchus sp. and Acarina gen. sp. The parasite community showed low Brillouin diversity (0.58 ± 0.29), low evenness (0.44 ± 0.21) and low species richness (7.40 ± 3.83). There was a predominance of ectoparasites, mainly monogeneans and digeneans. The parasites showed an aggregate dispersion, except for P. (S.) inopinatus, which had a random dispersion. The size of the hosts had no effect on diversity, species richness and abundance of parasites, but other factors structured the parasite community. This is the first study on the parasite community and infracommunities in H. unimaculatus.

scholarly journals Metazoan fauna parasitizing Peckoltia braueri and Pterygoplichthys pardalis (Loricariidae) catfishes from the northeastern Brazilian Amazon

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriele Carolina Franco CARDOSO ◽  
Marcos Sidney Brito OLIVEIRA ◽  
Ligia Rigôr NEVES ◽  
Marcos TAVARES-DIAS
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
River System ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Parasite Fauna ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
The Body ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Northern Brazil

ABSTRACT This study investigated the metazoan parasite fauna in Peckoltia braueri and Pterygoplichthys pardalis from a tributary of the Amazon River system, in northern Brazil. In P. braueri, 630 parasites were collected, belonging to Unilatus unilatus, Nothogyrodactylus sp., Genarchella genarchella, Proteocephalus sp., Gorytocephalus elongorchis, Dolops longicauda and Hirudinea gen. sp., with a dominance of monogenean species. In P. pardalis, 120 parasites were collected, belonging to U. unilatus, Acanthostomum gnerii and Gorytocephalus elongorchis, and this acanthocephalan was the dominant species. In both hosts, the parasites presented clumped distribution, high prevalence, low abundance, low Shannon diversity, and low species richness, with a predominance of helminth species. In P. braueri, host length was positively correlated with parasite species richness and Shannon index. There was no difference in the body condition of parasitized and non-parasitized fishes in either host. This was the first report of these parasites in P. braueri and P. pardalis.

scholarly journals Parasite communities of the predatory fish, Acestrorhynchus falcatus and Acestrorhynchus falcirostris, living in sympatry in Brazilian Amazon

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Danielle Figueiredo Guimarães Hoshino ◽  
Lígia Rigôr Neves ◽  
Marcos Tavares-Dias
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Predatory Fish ◽  
Dispersion Pattern ◽  
Ichthyophthirius Multifiliis ◽  
Parasite Communities ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Two Populations

Abstract This study investigated the parasite communities of wild Acestrorhynchus falcatus and Acestrorhynchus falcirostris populations living in sympatry in Brazilian Amazon. In these two hosts, a total of 12 parasite species e 1-9 parasite species were found per fish, and 10 of these species are metazoans. Eight species of parasites were common to both host species and four of them exhibited differences in abundance and/or prevalence. Parasite communities of the hosts were taxonomically similar (83%) and composed of both ectoparasites and endoparasites, and characterized by high prevalence and high abundance of endoparasites and an aggregated dispersion pattern. For A. falcirostris, the dominant parasite was Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, and for A. falcatus, it was Piscinoodinium pillulare. Shannon diversity and Berger-Parker dominance were similar for both hosts, while the parasites species richness and evenness showed differences influenced by the ectoparasites species. These two populations of hosts that inhabited the same geographical area had different sizes, but were exposed to the same infective stages, and acquired qualitatively and quantitatively similar endoparasites community, thus indicating that the amounts and types of prey congeneric that they were eating were similar. Therefore, the overlap in the same occurrence area play an important role in the parasite communities to these phylogenetically related hosts.

scholarly journals Are similar the parasite communities structure ofTrachelyopterus coriaceus and Trachelyopterus galeatus (Siluriformes: Auchenipteridae) in the Amazon basin?

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanderson Michel de Farias Pantoja ◽  
Lenise Vargas Flores Silva ◽  
Marcos Tavares-Dias
Keyword(s):  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
Ichthyophthirius Multifiliis ◽  
Host Fish ◽  
Parasite Communities ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Low Diversity ◽  
Life Mode ◽  
Mode Size ◽  
Main Factors

Abstract The aim of this study was to compare the parasite communities in two sympatric host populations, Trachelyopterus coriaceus andTrachelyopterus galeatus, which were caught in tributary of the Amazon River in Brazil. All the specimens of T. galeatusand T. coriaceus were infected by one or more parasites, such as Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, Tripartiella tetramerii, Trichodina nobilis,Cosmetocleithrum striatuli, Contracaecumsp., Cystidicoloides sp., Dadaytremoides parauchenipteri and Gorytocephalus spectabilis. Seven species were common to both host fish, and there were 1-5 parasite species per host. In both hosts, trichodinids were dominant. Aggregate dispersion of ectoparasites and endoparasites was observed, with greater aggregation among endoparasites. Only the ectoparasites species showed differences in intensity and/or abundance. However, the parasite communities of the two hosts were taxonomically similar (99%) and characterized by high prevalence and high abundance of ectoparasites, but with low diversity, prevalence and abundance of endoparasites. Trachelyopterus galeatus, the host with the larger body size, presented greater variation of Brillouin diversity and evenness, while T. coriaceus had higher Berger-Parker dominance values and total numbers of parasites. This first study on these parasites ofT. galeatus and T. coriaceus showed that the life mode, size of the hosts and the availability of infective forms of the parasites were the main factors that influenced the parasite communities structure.

scholarly journals Structure of the parasites communities in two Erythrinidae fish from Amazon river system (Brazil)

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natália Milhomem Alcântara ◽  
Marcos Tavares-Dias
Keyword(s):  
Parasite Species ◽  
River System ◽  
Amazon River ◽  
Ichthyophthirius Multifiliis ◽  
Hoplias Malabaricus ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Parasite Communities ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Erythrinidae Fish ◽  
Hoplerythrinus Unitaeniatus

This study compared the parasite communities of Hoplias malabaricus and Hoplerythrinus unitaeniatus from Amazon river system. Hoplias malabaricus were infected by Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, Piscinoodinium pillulare, Tetrahymena sp., Urocleidoides eremitus, Braga patagonica, metacercariae of Clinostomum marginatum, Procamallanus(Spirocamallanus) inopinatus, larvae of Contracaecum sp. and larvae of Nomimoscolex matogrossensis. Hoplerythrinus unitaeniatus were also infected by these same species of protozoans, nematodes, digeneans and cestodes, except for Tetrahymena sp. and B. patagonica, which were replaced by Argulus pestifer, Urocleidoides sp., Whittingtonocotylecaetei, Whittingtonocotyle jeju and Gorytocephalus spectabilis. For both hosts, I. multifiliis and P. pillulare were the predominant parasites. Most of the parasites presented an overdispersion. Parasite species richness, Brillouin diversity, evenness and Berger-Parker dominance were similar for the two hosts. The length and weight of H. malabaricusshowed a positive correlation with the abundance of U. eremitusand Contracaecum sp., while the weight of H. unitaeniatus showed a positive correlation with the abundance of I. multifiliis. The diversity of ectoparasites seemed to be influenced by the behavior of these two hosts. This was shown by the similar parasite communities and was characterized by low species diversity, low evenness and low richness, and by a high prevalence of ectoparasites.

Linking fish and crustacean taxonomic composition with seasonal contrasts in the soft-bottom intertidal zone

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Gondal ◽  
S. Iqbal ◽  
U. Atique ◽  
N. U. Saher ◽  
N. A. Qureshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Fish Species Composition ◽  
One Year ◽  
Sw Monsoon

Abstract The primary objective of this study was to investigate the seasonal fish and crustacean variations concerning taxonomic composition, species richness, and diversity in sandy beach habitat. For this purpose, we investigated the Sonmiani Hor lagoon area during four distinct seasons, i.e., northeast (NE) monsoon, pre-monsoon, south-west (SW) monsoon, and post-monsoon for one year. During each haul, the net was pulled about 100m along the beach in 0.5m depth. The results showed a strong linear correlation between the diversity index and equitability in fishes (r = 0.978). The diversity index was strong negatively correlated with the abundance and biomass (r = -0.978, -0.972, respectively). The physical attributes like sea surface water temperature and salinity showed a strong negative effect on species assemblages (r = -0.981 and -0.943, respectively). The mean air and water temperature illustrated approximately 3°C difference during NE and pre-monsoon seasons. However, salinity, pH, and electrical conductivity did not show any significant seasonal variabilities. Under the ecological indices, the fish species displayed higher diversity (H’ = 3.19) during SW monsoon, whereas the lowest diversity was observed during pre-monsoon (H’ = 1.58). The equitability and species richness, however, remained more noticeable during SW monsoon (J’ = 0.81). The total number of individuals of fish and crustaceans reached 4799 with 3813 fish individuals and 986 individuals of crustaceans. A total of 27 families of fish while five crustacean families comprising of 30 genera and 38 fish species while ten genera and 17 species of crustaceans were recorded. Liza subviridis displayed the highest abundance among the sampled fish species. In conclusion, fish species constituted a significant part of the coastal fauna in the study area. The seasonal variations displayed distinct variations in fish species composition and diversity.

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