Dermatoglyphic Analysis in Parents with Nonfamilial Bilateral Cleft Lip and Palate Children

2010 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arezoo Jahanbin ◽  
Naser Mahdavishahri ◽  
Mohammad Mahdi Naseri ◽  
Yasaman Sardari ◽  
Sareh Rezaian
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Normal Population ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ridge Count ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Bilateral Cleft Lip ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Asymmetry ◽  
The Difference

Objectives To test the hypothesis that unaffected parents with nonsyndromic bilateral cleft lip and palate children possess greater levels of dermatoglyphic asymmetry than the normal population and to test for the difference in the distribution of pattern types. Design Case-control study. Setting Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Participants Forty-five unaffected parents (45 men and 45 women) of children with nonfamilial bilateral cleft lip and palate anomaly were enlisted. A control group of 45 unaffected parents with at least two unaffected children and no prior family history of clefting were also simultaneously selected. Main Outcome Measures Palm prints and fingerprints were taken from each participant, and total ridge counts, atd angles, and pattern types were determined. For each of the three dermatoglyphic measures, asymmetry scores between right and left hands were defined, and then asymmetry scores of unaffected parents and pattern types were compared statistically with the controls, using Mann-Whitney and chi-square tests. Results In contrast to total ridge count asymmetry, the asymmetry of atd angles in unaffected parents and the asymmetry of patterns (in unaffected mothers) were significantly higher in comparison with the controls. Furthermore, unaffected fathers had significantly more arches than the controls, but there were no significant differences in dermatoglyphic patterns of unaffected mothers and the controls. Conclusion The findings suggest that an increase in the asymmetry of atd angles and pattern types in parents of sporadically affected children may reflect more the genetic base of this congenital malformation.

Photogrammetric Evaluation of Soft Tissue Profile and Frontal Photographs in Repaired Bilateral Cleft Lip and Palate

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 566-573
Author(s):  
Shabnam Ajami ◽  
Neda Babanouri ◽  
Roya Afshinpoor
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Normal Population ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Old Patients ◽  
Soft Tissue Profile ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bilateral Cleft Lip

Objective: To evaluate the soft tissue profile and frontal photographs of 8- to 12-year-old patients with repaired complete bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP). Methods: The profile and frontal photographs obtained from 31 nonsyndromic BCLP children (aged 8-12 years: 14 boys and 17 girls) were analyzed and compared with an age- and sex-matched normal population (18 boys and 32 girls). In each patient, 12 soft tissue angular and proportional parameters on the frontal photograph and 12 angular parameters for the profile photographs were developed and measured. Student t test was used to compare the mean value of the parameters between both sexes. Results: In the frontal view, there was a significant difference between the 2 study groups in the facial symmetry angle ( P < .001), lower facial height proportion ( P < .001), upper lip proportion ( P < .001), and interalar width/distance between the inner canthus of the eyes ( P < .001). In the profile view, there was a significant difference between the control group and the patients with cleft lip and palate in terms of nasofrontal angle ( P < .001), nasal angle ( P < .001), angle of the inferior facial third ( P = .032), head position angle ( P < .001), facial convexity angle ( P < .001), total facial convexity angle ( P < .001), and vertical nasal angle ( P < .001). Conclusion: In comparison with the normal population, the face of patients with repaired BCLP showed several soft tissue deformities, especially in the nasofrontal region, even after a surgical repair.

Dentoalveolar Cleft Treatment Outcome Using Modified Huddart-Bodenham Index and Regression Analysis of Associated Factors

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 682-687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anas Imran Arshad ◽  
Mohammad Khursheed Alam ◽  
Mohammad Fadhli Khamis
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Total Occlusion ◽  
Final Model ◽  
History Of ◽  
Permanent Molars ◽  
Dental Models ◽  
Postnatal Factors

Objectives: The aim of this study is to assess the treatment outcome of complete unilateral cleft lip and palate (CUCLP) patients using modified Huddart/Bodenham scoring system (MHB). To determine whether there is an association of congenital and postnatal factors with the treatment outcome. Design: Retrospective observational study. Setting: Two regional cleft-referral centers. Main Outcome Measures: In the current study, 101 pairs of dental models of non-syndromic CUCLP patients were retrieved from hospital archives. Each occlusal relationship from central incisor till the first permanent molars were scored except the lateral incisor. Sum of 10 occlusal relationships in each study sample gave a total occlusion score. The primary outcome was the mean total occlusion score. Results: According to MHB, a mean (standard deviation) total occlusion score of –8.92 (6.89) was determined. Based on treatment outcome, 66 cases were favorable (grades 1, 2, and 3) and 35 cases were unfavorable (grades 4 and 5). Chi-square tests indicated, difference of cheiloplasty ( P = .001) and palatoplasty ( P < .001) statistically significant. Five variables—gender, family history of cleft, cleft side, cheiloplasty, and palatoplasty—were analyzed with a logistic regression model. Conclusions: Final model indicated that cases treated with modified Millard technique (cheiloplasty) and Veau-Wardill-Kilner method (palatoplasty) had higher odds of unfavorable treatment outcome.

Objective, Noninvasive Evaluation of Velopharyngeal Function in Cleft and Noncleft Patients

1998 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Kunkel ◽  
Ulrich Wahlmann ◽  
Wilfried Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Noninvasive Evaluation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pharyngeal Muscles ◽  
Pharyngeal Flap ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Acoustic Pharyngometry ◽  
Velopharyngeal Function

Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate a new diagnostic method that provides an approach to noninvasive, objective measurement of velopharyngeal movement by acoustic determination of epipharyngeal volume changes with velopharyngeal muscle function. Design This was a case control study, using consecutive samples. Setting This study took place at the Cleft Palate Rehabilitation Center of the University of Mainz, Germany. Patients Subjects were 29 consecutive cleft lip and palate (CLP) patients and 31 controls (21 patients with dysgnathia and 10 healthy volunteers). Intervention A series of transnasal acoustic measurements (pressure wave: 55 dB for 2 milliseconds) of epipharyngeal volume were performed with the pharyngeal muscles relaxed in end-expiration and while the velopharyngeal orifice was closed, with the difference in volume representing maximal pharyngeal movement. Results Cleft palate patients yielded significantly lower values of velopharyngeal movement (6.5 cm3) than did the control group (8.0 cm3)(p < .05; Mann-Whitney U test). Overlapping ranges of values were measured for the C(L)P and control groups. The least mobility (4.75 cm3) was measured in patients who had undergone pharyngeal flap surgery. Different patterns of restriction were observed in patients with and without a pharyngeal flap. Conclusion Acoustic pharyngometry may provide access to noninvasive quantitative measurement of velopharyngeal movement and a better understanding of the pattern of movement in C(L)P-patients. We expect it to be a helpful tool in objectively monitoring the progress of logopedic therapy.

scholarly journals Exploring Subclinical Phenotypic Features in Twin Pairs Discordant for Cleft Lip and Palate

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth J. Leslie ◽  
Jenna C. Carlson ◽  
Margaret E. Cooper ◽  
Kaare Christensen ◽  
Seth M. Weinberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Monozygotic Twins ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Orofacial Cleft ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
History Of ◽  
Orbicularis Oris Muscle ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Larger Sample

Objective Monozygotic twins of an individual with an orofacial cleft have a significantly elevated risk for orofacial cleft compared with the general population, but still the concordance rate for orofacial cleft in monozygotic twins is about 40% to 50%. The goal of this study was to determine whether unaffected cotwins have an increased frequency of orbicularis oris muscle defects, a subclinical form of orofacial cleft. The presence of such defects may reduce the overall rate of discordance. Method A total of 63 discordant monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs, 262 unaffected nontwin siblings, and 543 controls with no history of orofacial clefts were assessed for orbicularis oris defects by high-resolution ultrasound. Frequencies were compared by the Fisher exact test. Results Unaffected cotwins from discordant monozygotic pairs had a higher frequency of defects (12.5%) than the other test groups (6.38% to 6.99%), but the difference was not statistically significant ( P = .74). Conclusions In this study, orbicularis oris defects were not statistically significantly more common among the unaffected twins from orofacial cleft discordant twin pairs. The trends in the results warrant future studies with larger sample sizes and additional subclinical phenotypes.

scholarly journals Malposition of Unerupted Mandibular Second Premolar in Children with Cleft Lip and Palate

2007 ◽  
Vol 77 (6) ◽  
pp. 1062-1066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miri Shalish ◽  
Leslie A. Will ◽  
Stephen Shustermann
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Inferior Border ◽  
Paired T Test ◽  
Shared Genetic

Abstract Objective: To determine whether distoangular malposition of the unerupted mandibular second premolar (MnP2) is more frequent in children with unilateral clefts of the lip and palate. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study examined panoramic radiographs from 45 patients with unilateral clefts of the lip and/or palate who had no previous orthodontics. A control sample consisted of age- and sex-matched patients. The distal angle formed between the long axis of MnP2 and the tangent to the inferior border was measured. The mean, standard deviation, and range were calculated for the angles measured in the cleft and the control groups. The significance of the differences between the means was evaluated by the paired t-test. The angles of the cleft and noncleft sides were also measured and compared. Results: The mean inclination of the MnP2 on the cleft side was 73.6°, compared with 84.6° in the control group. This difference was highly significant statistically (P &lt; .0001). The difference in angles from the cleft and noncleft sides was 0.7°, not statistically significant. A significant association was found between clefting and distoangular malposition of the developing MnP2, suggesting a shared genetic etiology. This association is independent of the clefting side, ruling out possible local mechanical effects. Conclusion: Clinicians should be aware of the potential for anomalous development of MnP2 in children with clefts.

scholarly journals Genetic Variants in Folate and Cobalamin Metabolism-Related Genes in Nonsyndromic Cleft Lip and/or Palate

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 561-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márcia Waltrick-Zambuzzi ◽  
Patricia Nivoloni Tannure ◽  
Thays Cristine dos Santos Vieira ◽  
Leonardo Santos Antunes ◽  
Fábio Lourenço Romano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Taqman Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Polymorphic Genotype ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium ◽  
Cobalamin Metabolism ◽  
And Control

The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of the polymorphisms in TCN2 (rs1801198) gene and in MTRR (rs1801394) gene with nonsyndromic cleft lip and/or palate (NSCL/P) in a Brazilian population. Genomic DNA was extracted from buccal cells. The polymorphisms in TCN2 (rs1801198) and MTRR (rs1801394) genes were genotyped by carrying out real-time PCR and Taqman assay. Chi-square test was used to determine the association between genotype and allele frequencies with NSCL/P and NSCL/P subgroups (cleft lip only, cleft lip and palate, and cleft palate only). Eight hundred and sixty seven unrelated individuals (401 cases with NSCL/P and 466 individuals without cleft) were evaluated. Genotype distributions of TCN2 and MTRR polymorphisms were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The TCN2 polymorphic genotype GG was identified in 16.7% of the NSCL/P group and in 14.1% of the non-cleft group (p>0.05). Similarly, the frequency of MTRR genotype (GG) was similar in NSCL/P group (15.5%) and control group (17.8%) (p>0.05). Multivariate analysis showed an association between MTRR and the subgroup that the mother smoked during pregnancy (p=0.039). Our findings did not demonstrate an association between TCN2 polymorphisms and NSCL/P, however suggests an association between MTRR and NSCL/P etiology

scholarly journals A Case-Control Study on the Relationship Between Cholecystectomy and Cholangiocarcinoma in China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donglie Zhu ◽  
Hang Fu ◽  
Zelong Yang ◽  
Mingzuo Jiang ◽  
Yanjie Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Hepatic Hemangioma ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Aims: The present study aimed to explore the correlation between cholecystectomy and cholangiocarcinoma, and to provide preliminary clinical basis for precise cholecystectomy in China.Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 9744 patients with cholangiocarcinoma, colon cancer, pancreatic cancer, femoral fracture, and hepatic hemangioma diagnosed in Xijing hospital from August 2008 to August 2018. They were divided into three groups: case group (1749 cases of cholangiocarcinoma), positive control group (3137 cases of colon cancer and 1950 cases of pancreatic cancer), negative control group (1794 cases of femoral fracture and 1114 cases of hepatic hemangioma). We collected the general information (gender, age), past medical history, cholecystectomy history from the patients, and these data were analyzed by chi-square test and logistic regression analysis. Results: The cholecystectomy rate of the case group was significantly higher than that of the positive control group and the negative control group by chi-square test (p<0.025). The cholecystectomy rate and the history of cholecystolithiasis were analyzed by logistic multivariate regression analysis. The OR values of cholecystectomy rate were 1.553 (95%CI: 1.311-1.840) and 3.181 (95%CI: 2.561-3.951), respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.000). The OR values of the history of cholecystolithiasis were 2.460 (95%CI: 2.093-2.890) and 5.426 (95%CI: 4.325-6.809), respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.000). In case group, the difference between cholecystectomy and cholecystolithiasis was statistically significant (p<0.000) by chi-square test. Conclusions: In conclusion, cholecystectomy is one of the risk factors of cholangiocarcinoma and the patients who undergo cholecystectomy have a higher risk of cholangiocarcinoma than the control groups. Cholecystectomy should be conducted with caution and the precise surgical treatment of gallbladder diseases is advocated.

scholarly journals Absence of history of oral cleft in first-degree relatives of patients with prostate cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cláudia De Alvarenga Diniz Fonseca ◽  
Daniella Reis Barbosa Martelli ◽  
Ianná Luana Freitas Almeida ◽  
Galeno Hassen Sales ◽  
Rodrigo Soares de Andrade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Family History ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
First Degree Relatives ◽  
History Of ◽  
Risk Magnitude ◽  
Magnitude Assessment

Objective: To evaluate the occurrence of nonsyndromic cleft lip and/or palate (NSCL/P) in families of patients with prostate cancer (PC).Study design: We conducted a case-control study involving a total of 748 individuals, 280 of which had PC, and 468 were free-cancer healthy individuals. The patients answered a questionnaire with basic demographic information and family history of NSCL/P in first-degree relatives. The information collected was stored in a database and analyzed by using the statistical program SPSS® 24.0 for Windows (Chicago, IL, USA). In order to determine the association with NSCL/P, chi-square and Fisher’s exact test and odds ratio (OR) with its 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for risk magnitude assessment. Values with p<0.05 were considered statistically significant.Results: Of total patients with PC, 2 had a positive history of NSCL/P. In the control group, 7 patients reported family history of NSCL/P (1df chi-square, p=0.34; Fisher´s exact test, p=0.49). The average age of the cases diagnosed with PC was 71.35±7.70 years, and control group was 64.42±9.67 years.Conclusion: Despite the limited population, the frequency of NSCL/P was not significantly increased in the first-degree relatives of patients with PC. Studies with larger samples and molecular analyses are needed to better understand the possible relationships in the etiology of cancer and NSCL/P.

scholarly journals Timing of Spheno-Occipital Synchondrosis Ossification in Children and Adolescents with Cleft Lip and Palate: A Retrospective Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (23) ◽  
pp. 8889
Author(s):  
Francisco Vale ◽  
Inês Francisco ◽  
António Lucas ◽  
Ana Roseiro ◽  
Francisco Caramelo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Median Time ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Complete Fusion ◽  
Facial Growth ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Experimental Group

Background: Cleft lip and palate (CLP) can affect the development of the maxilla; which may create a midfacial deficiency as well as an interference of the facial growth pattern and dentofacial esthetics. Objective: This study aimed to estimate the chronological age of complete fusion of the spheno-occipital synchondrosis (SOS) in cleft lip and palate patients and a control group; using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. Methods: In this retrospective study; 125 patients were enrolled (cleft lip and palate group (n = 91); control group (n = 34)). Age comparison was made with a chi-square test; and a Kaplan–Meier analysis determined the median time to reach complete fusion of the spheno-occipital synchondrosis (p < 0.05). Results: The experimental group showed statistically significant differences in the median time for complete ossification between males and females (p = 0.019). The median time for complete ossification of the spheno-occipital synchondrosis was; for males; 15.0 years in both groups; for females; it was 14.0 years and 13.0 years in the experimental group and in the control group; respectively. Both for males and females; there were no statistically significant differences between experimental and control groups (p = 0.104). Conclusions: The present study showed no differences in the ossification of the spheno-occipital synchondrosis between individuals with and without cleft lip and/or palate.

Do Orofacial Clefts Impair Breastfeeding and Increase the Prevalence of Anemia?

2021 ◽  
pp. 105566562110543
Author(s):  
Aluísio Eustáquio de Freitas Miranda-Filho ◽  
Heloisa de Sousa Gomes ◽  
Roberta Bessa Veloso Silva ◽  
Nelson Pereira Marques ◽  
Hercílio Martelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
The Other ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Orofacial Cleft ◽  
Orofacial Clefts ◽  
History Of ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia

Objective This study aimed to correlate the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia and breastfeeding with orofacial clefts in children. Design Data on the participant profile, presence and type of the cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P), and records on anemia and breastfeeding were collected from patients’ charts, and submitted to statistical analysis by χ2 test ( p < .05; software SPSS 23.0). Results Two-hundred and ten files were divided according to: CL/P presence (cleft group;    n = 132) or absence (control group;    n = 78). Group CL/P was subdivided according to the type of cleft: CL/P-I (cleft lip;    n = 35); CL/P-II (cleft lip and palate;    n = 45); CL/P-III (cleft palate;    n = 43); and CL/P-IV (rare orofacial clefts;    n = 9). Group CL/P had significantly more records on anemia ( p = .016) and fewer records on breastfeeding (P<.01) than controls. More records on anemia occurred in CL/P-II ( p = .004) and CL/P-IV ( p = .006) than the control group. The comparison among the orofacial cleft types regarding the anemia records showed no statistically significant differences ( p = .123). Group CL/P-I had more records on breastfeeding than the other cleft types ( p < .01). Conclusions Thus, it is suggested that the breastfeeding process is more complex, and the history of anemia is more frequent, in children with cleft lip and palate or rare orofacial clefts than in children without clefts.

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