Follicle-stimulating hormones in anterior pituitary glands from children and adults differ in relation to sex and age

1989 ◽  
Vol 123 (3) ◽  
pp. 519-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Wide
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Women ◽  
Anterior Lobe ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Elderly Men ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Young Girls ◽  
Pituitary Glands ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormones

ABSTRACT Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in extracts of the anterior lobe of pituitaries, collected at autopsy from 13 boys, 21 girls, 17 men and 26 women, was measured in terms of biological activity (B) in vitro by the Sertoli cell aromatase bioassay, and in terms of immunological activity (I) by a radioimmunoassay. The highest concentration of FSH in the anterior lobe found by bioassay was in young girls, who had a mean value three to seven times higher than that in young and elderly men and women and nine times higher than that in young boys. The total amount of FSH in the pituitary found by bioassay and immunoassay was very much less in young boys than in all other groups. The B/I ratio of FSH was higher for all the 27 children below 10 years of age than for any of the 43 adults. This difference in B/I ratio of FSH in whole pituitary extracts persisted in fractions after electrophoretic separation. The mean B/I ratio for young girls was 1·26 times higher than that for young boys and 2·25 times higher than that for adults. Young and elderly men and women had almost identical B/I ratios. All extracts were analysed after electrophoresis and the median charge and charge homogeneity of FSH were estimated. The number of different forms of FSH in pituitary extracts from a child was at least 20–30, similar to that in an adult. In girls, the median charge of FSH was similar to that of young women and significantly less negative than in elderly women. The median charge of FSH in boys was more negative than in girls, but less negative than in both young and elderly men. After treatment of pituitary extracts with neuraminidase, the median charge of FSH in infants was significantly more negative than that in adults. This, together with the differences in B/I ratios between children and adults, indicates a change at puberty in the molecular structure of FSH from juvenile to adult forms of the hormone. Journal of Endocrinology (1989) 123, 519–529

scholarly journals PERBEDAAN KEJADIAN DEPRESI PADA PRIA DAN WANITA PADA LANSIA YANG MENDERITA DIABETES MELLITUS

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-40
Author(s):  
Nur Ainiyah ◽  
Iis Noventi ◽  
Chilyatiz Zahroh
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Depression Score ◽  
Elderly Men ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Elderly is the final stage of the human life cycle. The process of aging is a process that shows a decline in human physical function, emotional changes, as well as social interactions that will  change gradually. Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease that occurs chronically due to interference with insulin and has various complications for sufferers, both acute and chronic. Decreased physical, unstable emotional, interaction of social abilities decrease, anda also  metabolic disorders and its complications make the elderly had depression which is manifested in the quality of sleep of the elderly. The purpose of this study was to determine the differences in the incidence of depression in men and women in the elderly who suffer from diabetes mellitus. The method in this research was comparative. The population of this study were all elderly in Region X as many as 60 elderly consisting of 27 elderly men and 33 elderly women. The sample in this study was a research of 60 members, using total sampling / depression data collection was done by giving a questionnaire based on the Beck depression scale. Data analysis used elderly depression scores in men and elderly women collected from the results of data collection will be measured the difference with a two-mean difference test (T-test). The results showed the mean depression score for men = 1.59 and the standard deviation = 1.575 and the mean depression score for women = 3.54 the standard deviation was 1.96, the level of significance (p = 0.001; p <0.05). Its shows a significant difference between depression in elderly men and women who suffer from DM. Therefore, it is expected that all members of the elderly family as one of the support systems for the elderly can provide support so that the elderly do not experience depression.

scholarly journals Shear bond strength evaluation of bonded molar tubes on fluorotic molars

2012 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 152-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika L. Silva-Benítez ◽  
Veronica Zavala-Alonso ◽  
Gabriel A. Martinez-Castanon ◽  
Juan P. Loyola-Rodriguez ◽  
Nuria Patiño-Marin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Shear Bond Strength ◽  
Dental Fluorosis ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Fixed Appliance ◽  
Adhesive Remnant Index ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Electronic Microscope

Abstract Objective: To study the shear bond strength (SBS), sites of failure, and micromorphology of bonded molar tubes used on teeth affected by dental fluorosis. Materials and Methods: This in vitro study included 140 first molars classified according to Dean's index for dental fluorosis. Samples were divided into seven groups: (1) healthy teeth etched for 15 seconds, (2) teeth with moderate fluorosis (MOF) etched for 15 seconds, (3) teeth with MOF etched for 150 seconds, (4) teeth with MOF microabrasion etched for 15 seconds, (5) teeth with severe fluorosis (SEF) etched for 15 seconds, (6) teeth with SEF etched for 150 seconds, and (7) teeth with SEF microabrasion etched for 15 seconds. All samples were incubated and were then submitted to the SBS test and evaluated with the modified adhesive remnant index (ARI) and analyzed by using a scanning electronic microscope. Results: The SBS mean value for healthy enamel was 20 ± 10.2 MPa. For the group with MOF, the etched 150-second mean value was the highest (19 ± 7.6 MPa); for the group with SEF treated with microabrasion and etched for 15 seconds, the mean value was (13 ± 4.1 MPa). Significant differences (P ≤ .05) were found in the ARI between healthy and fluorosed groups. Conclusions: Fluorotic enamel affects the adhesion of bonded molar tubes. The use of overetching in cases of MOF and the combination of microabrasion and etching in SEF provides a suitable adhesion for fixed appliance therapy.

scholarly journals Endocrine Relationships of Leukocyte Alkaline Phosphatase

Blood ◽  
1965 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 356-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
FRED ROSNER ◽  
STANLEY L. LEE
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Conclusive Evidence ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Enzyme Release ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Leukocyte Alkaline Phosphatase

Abstract Leukocyte alkaline phosphatase activity has been noted to be different in men and women. The mean leukocyte alkaline phosphatase activity for 74 normal men, aged 19 to 60 years, was 23 mg. of phosphorus per 1010 polvmorphonuclear leukocytes per hour. The corresponding mean value for 75 normal young women, age 19-48 years, was 35 (p < .001). No significant differences between boys and girls occurred until the time of puberty. After the menopause, the values for women approached the values for men. Women treated with androgens had lower leukocyte alkaline phosphatase activity than did control women. These results suggest that androgenic hormones inhibit this enzyme, and that other, as yet undefined endocrine influences, also affect its level of activity. In vitro tests with various concentrations of androgens and estrogens failed to provide conclusive evidence of direct effect on leukocytes although some degree of direct inhibition by androgens was suggested. Studies using saponin to effect enzyme release from leukocyte granules did not demonstrate whether the differences between men and women are differences of enzyme release or of content of leukocyte alkaline phosphatase.

scholarly journals Association between Socioeconomic Status, Physical Health and Need for Long-term Care among the Chinese Elderly

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 2124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fanlei Kong ◽  
Lingzhong Xu ◽  
Mei Kong ◽  
Shixue Li ◽  
Chengchao Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Elderly Men ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Chinese Elderly ◽  
Men And Women

The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES), physical health and the need for long-term care (NLTC) of the Chinese elderly, and further, to provide evidence-based advice for establishing an LTC system in China. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Shandong Province, China in 2017 by using multi-stage random sampling method. Data were collected from elderly individuals aged 60 years and older by self-designed questionnaires through face-to face interviews. A total of 7070 participants were finally included in the database (40.3% male, 59.7% female). Chi-square test analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM) were conducted to clarify the association between SES, physical health and NLTC among the Chinese elderly men and women in Shandong Province. The results of the SEM analysis showed that physical health exerted a strong and negative effect on the NLTC for both genders, with a slightly stronger effect found among the elderly men. SES was found to be significantly and negatively related to the NLTC among the elderly women, while no statistical significance was found for the association between SES and NLTC for elderly men. A significant and positive association between SES and physical health was observed among the elderly men and women, with a slightly stronger effect among the elderly women. Implications for lowering the NLTC and developing an LTC system were addressed based on the findings above.

scholarly journals Antagonism at combined effects of chemical fertilizers and carbamate insecticides on the rice-field N2-fixing cyanobacterium Cylindrospermum sp. in vitro

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rabindra N. Padhy ◽  
Nabakishore Nayak ◽  
Shakti Rath
Keyword(s):  
Mean Value ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Carbamate Insecticides ◽  
Growth Inhibitory ◽  
Progressive Growth ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Reduced Toxicity ◽  
Ppm Level

Abstract Effects of chemical fertilizers (urea, super phosphate and potash) on toxicities of two carbamate insecticides, carbaryl and carbofuran, individually to the N2-fixing cyanobacterium, Cylindrospermum sp. were studied in vitro at partially lethal levels (below highest permissive concentrations) of each insecticide. The average number of vegetative cells between two polar heterocysts was 16.3 in control cultures, while the mean value of filament length increased in the presence of chemical fertilizers, individually. Urea at the 10 ppm level was growth stimulatory and at the 50 ppm level it was growth inhibitory in control cultures, while at 100 ppm it was antagonistic, i.e. toxicity-enhancing along with carbaryl, individually to the cyanobacterium, antagonism was recorded. Urea at 50 ppm had toxicity reducing effect with carbaryl or carbofuran. At 100 and 250 ppm carbofuran levels, 50 ppm urea only had a progressive growth enhancing effect, which was marked well at 250 ppm carbofuran level, a situation of synergism. Super phosphate at the 10 ppm level only was growth promoting in control cultures, but it was antagonistic at its higher levels (50 and 100 ppm) along with both insecticides, individually. Potash (100, 200, 300 and 400 ppm) reduced toxicity due to carbaryl 20 and carbofuran 250 ppm levels, but potash was antagonistic at the other insecticide levels. The data clearly showed that the chemical fertilizers used were antagonistic with both the insecticides during toxicity to Cylindrospermum sp.

scholarly journals Dental implant location via surface scanner: a pilot study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miao Zhou ◽  
Hui Zhou ◽  
Shu-yi Li ◽  
Yuan-ming Geng
Keyword(s):  
Dental Implant ◽  
Clinical Investigation ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Angular Deviation ◽  
Surface Scanning ◽  
Anatomic Structure ◽  
Vertical Deviation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Purpose Implant location is performed after placement to verify that the safety of neighboring anatomic structure and the realizability of prosthetic plan. Routine postoperative location is based on radiological scanning and raises the concerns on radiation exposure and inconveniency in practice. In the present study a location method based on surface scanning was introduced and the accuracy of this method was assessed in vitro. Material and methods A total of 40 implants were placed in 10 resin mandible models. The models were scanned with intraoral scanner (IS group) and extraoral scanner (ES group). The implant position was located with fusing the images of surface scanning and cone beam computerized tomography (CBCT) after implant placement. Deviations were measured between positions located by surface scanner and postoperative CBCT with the parameters: central deviation at apex (cda), central deviation at hex (cdh), horizontal deviation at apex (hda), horizontal deviation at hex (hdh), vertical deviation at apex (vda), vertical deviation at hex (vdh) and angular deviation (ad). Results In IS group, the mean value of cda, cdh, hda, hdh, vda, vdh and ad was 0.27 mm, 0.23 mm, 0.12 mm, 0.10 mm, 0.21 mm, 0.19 mm and 0.72°, respectively. In ES group, the mean value of cda, cdh, hda, hdh, vda, vdh and ad was 0.28 mm, 0.25 mm 0.14 mm, 0.11 mm, 0.22 mm, 0.20 mm and 0.68°, respectively. The implant deviations in IS and ES groups were of no significant difference for any of the measurements. Conclusions Dental implant can be located via surface scanner with acceptable accuracy for postoperative verification. Further clinical investigation is needed to assess the feasibility of the method.

In Vitro and in Vivo Measurement of Total Antiplasmin Activity

1977 ◽  
Vol 37 (02) ◽  
pp. 216-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osamu Matsuo ◽  
Hisashi Mihara
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Volume ◽  
Fibrinolytic Activity ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Rabbit Plasma ◽  
In Vivo Measurement ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Infusion Speed

SummaryTotal antiplasmin was measured in vitro and in vivo. In the former case, rabbit plasma was mixed with various concentrations of Urokinase (UK) and the least concentration for appearance of fibrinolytic activity was estimated. This concentration was multiplied by the plasma volume of the rabbit to give the in vitro total antiplasmin. The mean value for 14 rabbits was 4,068.6 units.In order to estimate the total antiplasmin in vivo, UK solution was infused into rabbits. The infusion speed was multiplied by the time of the first appearance of fibrinolytic activity to give the total antiplasmin, although when the infusion speed was low, fibrinolytic activity did not appear during infusion. The mean in vivo total antiplasmin calculated for 6 cases where the infusion speed was high and fibrinolytic activity was observed, was 28,699.8 units, i.e. about 7 (range, 3-11) times the in vitro value.

scholarly journals Criterion validity of the Ekblom-Bak and the Åstrand submaximal test in an elderly population

2019 ◽  
Vol 120 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Väisänen ◽  
Örjan Ekblom ◽  
Elin Ekblom-Bak ◽  
Eva Andersson ◽  
Jonna Nilsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Calorimetry ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Criterion Validity ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Elderly Men ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Purpose The aim of this study was to validate the submaximal Ekblom-Bak test (EB-test) and the Åstrand test (Å-test) for an elderly population. Methods Participants (n = 104), aged 65–75 years, completed a submaximal aerobic test on a cycle ergometer followed by an individually adjusted indirect calorimetry VO2max test on a treadmill. The HR from the submaximal test was used to estimate VO2max using both the EB-test and Å-test equations. Results The correlation between measured and estimated VO2max using the EB method and Å method in women was r = 0.64 and r = 0.58, respectively and in men r = 0.44 and r = 0.44, respectively. In women, the mean difference between estimated and measured VO2max was − 0.02 L min−1 (95% CI − 0.08 to 0.04) for the EB method and − 0.12 L min−1 (95% CI − 0.22 to − 0.02) for the Å method. Corresponding values for men were 0.05 L min−1 (95% CI − 0.04 to 0.14) and − 0.28 L min−1 (95% CI − 0.42 to − 0.14), respectively. However, the EB method was found to overestimate VO2max in men with low fitness and the Å method was found to underestimate VO2max in both women and men. For women, the coefficient of variance was 11.1%, when using the EB method and 19.8% when using the Å method. Corresponding values for men were 11.6% and 18.9%, respectively. Conclusion The submaximal EB-test is valid for estimating VO2max in elderly women, but not in all elderly men. The Å-test is not valid for estimating VO2max in the elderly.

Effect of Incorporating Zirconia Powder into a Primer on the Resin Bond Strength to Zirconia Ceramic

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 5575-5578
Author(s):  
Eunkyung Lee ◽  
Yangho Lee ◽  
Young Kyung Kim ◽  
Chan Ho Park ◽  
Tae-Yub Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Zirconia Ceramic ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Zirconia Powder ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Ftir Spectrophotometry

The adhesion property of zirconia powder-incorporated primers was investigated in vitro with the aim of enhancing the resin bond strength to zirconia ceramic. A commercial zirconia primer was modified through the addition of 0 (control), 5, 10, 25, and 50 wt% of a zirconia powder (codes: ZP0, ZP5, ZP10, ZP25, and ZP50, respectively). Prior to primer modification, the powder was characterized via differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectrophotometry. The surfaces of dental zirconia ceramic discs were air-abraded and treated with one of the five primers. One resin composite cylinder (diameter: 2.38 mm) was bonded on one specimen surface (n = 12/group). The bonded specimens were all stored for 24 h in distilled water at 37 °C and subjected to 5000 thermal cycles prior to shear bond strength (SBS) testing. The DSC and FTIR analyses confirmed that the zirconia powder contained an organic binder. The SBS test results showed that the groups could be arranged as follows, ZP25 > ZP10 > ZP5 > ZP0, i.e., in descending order of the mean value. The lowest SBS value was obtained for the ZP50 group. The results suggest that the incorporation of a zirconia powder into a primer represents a promising modification method for improving the resin bond strength to zirconia ceramic.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Physical Fitness, BMI, WHR and Hypertension in Elderly Men and Women

2013 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 275-284
Author(s):  
Saša Pantelić ◽  
Radmila Kostić ◽  
Ratomir Djurašković ◽  
Slavoljub Uzunović ◽  
Zoran Milanović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Predictor Variables ◽  
Elderly Men ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Arterial Blood

Abstract Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the structure, characteristics and significance of the relationship between physical fitness, BMI and WHR on one hand and hypertension of elderly men and women on the other. Methods: The sample consisted of 1288 participants (594 men and 694 women) who live in their own households in the cities and villages of Central, Eastern and South Serbia. After the obtained classification of participants based on arterial blood pressure, 231 patients with hypertension aged 60-80 years were selected. The subsample consisted of 138 male participants, while the subsample of women was 93 participants. Predictor variables consisted of 6 variables for the evaluation of physical fitness, Body mass index (BMI) and Waist-to Hip Ratio index (WHR). Criterion variables consisted of systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). Results: The results showed that there is a statistically significant correlation (p <0.05) between predictor variables and hypertension. Higher values of higher SBP in elderly men causes an increase in body weight due to increased body fat (BMI, WHR). In elderly women, these changes occur under the influence of increased body mass index and reduced CRF. Higher values of high DBP in elderly men cause more power and flexibility of the upper body and in elderly women greater strength in the arms and less strength in legs and CRF. Conclusions: Being overweight in both subsamples could be considered as a factor that contributes to high blood pressure.

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