The effect of acute immuno-neutralisation of inhibin in ewes during the early luteal phase of the oestrous cycle on ovarian hormone secretion and follicular development

1995 ◽  
Vol 145 (3) ◽  
pp. 479-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
B K Campbell ◽  
B M Gordon ◽  
C G Tsonis ◽  
R J Scaramuzzi
Keyword(s):  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Follicular Development ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Ovarian Follicles ◽  
Passive Immunisation ◽  
Follicle Development ◽  
Ovarian Steroid ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Steroid Secretion ◽  
Antibody Titres

Abstract Ewes with ovarian autotransplants received either inhibin antiserum (10 ml i.v. raised in sheep against recombinant 32 kDa human inhibin; n=6) or sheep serum (10 ml i.v.; n=5) on day 3 of the luteal phase with additional daily injections (1 ml i.v.) from 48 h after the initial bolus until day 13. Jugular and ovarian venous blood samples were taken 4-hourly over days 2–13 of the luteal phase. Blood samples were also taken at more frequent intervals (every 10–15 min for 2–3 h) to examine pulsatile secretory responses from the ovary to endogenous and gonadotrophin-releasing hormone-induced (150 ng i.m.) LH pulses on days 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 of the luteal phase. Plasma FSH levels, ovarian steroid secretion and ovarian follicular development were measured. The ovarian follicle population was estimated daily by real time ultrasound scanning. Immunisation against inhibin resulted in a 3- to 4-fold increase (P<0·001) in plasma FSH levels within 8 h with levels remaining elevated over controls for 6–7 days. Within 24 h of immunisation there was an increase in the number of small ovarian follicles (P<0·05) and by 3 days after treatment immunised ewes had 4–6 large ovarian follicles/ewe with this increase in the total number of large follicles being maintained for the rest of the experimental period (P<0·05). Mean ovarian oestradiol secretion during intensive bleeds was not different from controls 24 h after immunisation, but by 3 days after immunisation it was elevated 4- to 5-fold (P<0·001) over controls with this increase being maintained throughout the experiment. Similar responses to immunisation against inhibin in androstenedione secretion were observed although mean androstenedione secretion was not elevated until 7 days after treatment. In vitro antibody titres in immunised ewes remained elevated but declined steadily (P<0·001) over the experimental period. We conclude that the initial stimulation of follicle development and ovarian steroid secretion following passive immunisation against inhibin can be attributed to increased blood FSH. However, the fact that with time FSH declined but increased follicle development was sustained, despite maintenance of high circulating antibody titres, suggests that on a longer term basis inhibin immunisation may stimulate ovarian function by interfering with the modulation of follicle development by inhibin at an ovarian level. Journal of Endocrinology (1995) 145, 479–490

The use of GNRH to control follicular development in cows

1996 ◽  
Vol 1996 ◽  
pp. 95-95
Author(s):  
A.R. Peters ◽  
S.J. Ward ◽  
P.J. Gordon ◽  
G.E. Mann
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Present Experiment ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Ovarian Function ◽  
Steroid Hormone ◽  
Follicular Development ◽  
Follicle Development ◽  
Preovulatory Follicle ◽  
Hormone Production ◽  
Gonadotrophin Releasing Hormone

Fertility after prostaglandin (PG) may be compromised by the variability in timing of oestrus and ovulation, which are in turn influenced by the ovarian follicular status at the time of injection. Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) treatment in the luteal phase a few days before PG can reprogramme and thus synchronise preovulatory follicle development (Wolfenson et al., 1994). A second GnRH treatment can then be given after PG, to further improve the synchrony of ovulation (Pursley et al., 1995). The present experiment was carried out to test the effect of this combined GnRH - PG - GnRH regime on ovarian function and steroid hormone production in dairy cows.

Effect of ewe body condition on mean ovulation rate and associated hypothalamic activity and responsiveness to GnRH

1988 ◽  
Vol 1988 ◽  
pp. 52-52
Author(s):  
S.M. Rhind ◽  
A.S. McNeilly ◽  
W.A.C. McKelvey ◽  
S. McMillen
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Ovarian Follicles ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
Ovarian Steroid ◽  
Indirect Measure ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Gnrh Secretion ◽  
Lh Release ◽  
Lh Secretion ◽  
Lambing Rate

In many breeds of ewe, body condition at mating is a major determinant of ovulation rate and lambing rate. It has been shown that differences in body condition are associated with differences in the number of large, potentially ovulatory ovarian follicles (McNeilly, Jonassen and Rhind, 1987) and mean circulating FSH concentrations (Rhind and McNeilly, 1986). Differences in circulating gonadotrophin concentrations could be a function of parallel differences in either hypothalamic activity or pituitary sensitivity to GnRH; either or both of these factors could be affected by ovarian steroid feedback. The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effect of ewe body condition on these parameters in the absence of ovarian steroidal feedback.LH secretion was used as an indirect measure of the secretion of GnRH from the hypothalamus since LH secretion closely mirrors GnRH secretion (Clarke and Cummins, 1982). Pituitary sensitivity was assessed by measurement of LH release following injection of a GnRH bolus.At 2 and 7 days after bilateral ovariectomy, blood samples were collected from each of 2 groups of 12 mature Scottish Blackface ewes in condition scores of 2.75/3.00 (H) or 1.75/2.00 (L) and with mean(+ s.c.) liveweights of 53.4 ± 1.47 kg and 38.2 ± 1.80 kg respectively. Samples were collected every 15 mins for 8 h and then for a further 3 h after each ewe was injected (I.V.) with 10 μg GnRH. They were analysed for concentrations of FSH and LH.

Acute effects of GnRF-induced gonadotrophin secretion upon ovarian steroid secretion in the ferret

1986 ◽  
Vol 111 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-377
Author(s):  
Christine Matson ◽  
B. T. Donovan
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Plasma Concentration ◽  
Steroid Hormones ◽  
Acute Effects ◽  
Ovarian Steroid ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Steroid Secretion ◽  
Serial Blood ◽  
Gonadotrophin Secretion ◽  
Thyrotrophic Hormone

Abstract. The effects of an increase in endogenous gonadotrophin secretion on the production of oestradiol, progesterone, androstenedione and testosterone by the ovaries of anaesthetized anoestrous and oestrous ferrets were followed. Gonadotrophin secretion was enhanced by the injection of gonadotrophin releasing factor (GnRF), and serial blood samples were collected over 9 h for hormone assay. Thyrotrophic hormone releasing factor (TRF) or acetic acid were injected for control purposes. The plasma content of oestradiol in oestrous females was significantly higher than during anoestrus, but secretion of this steroid was not increased by any means. The plasma concentration of progesterone in anoestrous females was significantly higher than during oestrus. It was increased by GnRF in anoestrous ferrets and less markedly in oestrous females. The plasma concentration of androstenedione was raised by GnRF to a greater extent during anoestrus than during oestrus. Testosterone was present in higher concentration in the plasma during anoestrus than during oestrus, and the level was increased by GnRF administration. These findings indicate that the ovaries of the anoestrous ferret secrete significant quantities of steroid hormones, and that they respond readily to gonadotrophic hormone.

Interleukin-1β and TNF-α systems in ovarian follicles and their roles during follicular development, oocyte maturation and ovulation

Zygote ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 270-277
Author(s):  
José R.V. Silva ◽  
Francisco E.O. Lima ◽  
Ana L.P. Souza ◽  
Anderson W.B. Silva
Keyword(s):  
Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Follicular Development ◽  
Primordial Follicle ◽  
Ovarian Follicles ◽  
Interleukin 1Β ◽  
Follicle Development ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Proliferation And Apoptosis ◽  
Factor Α

SummaryTumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) are cytokines that are involved in the development, proliferation and apoptosis of ovarian follicular cells in domestic mammals. The expression of these cytokines in various follicular compartments, depending on the stage of follicle development, demonstrates their involvement in the control of primordial follicle growth up to the preovulatory stage. The mechanism of action of these factors depends on the presence of their receptors that transduce their biological actions. This review shows the expression sites of TNF-α, IL-1β and their receptors in ovarian follicles, and discusses the mechanism of action of these cytokines during follicle development, oocyte maturation and ovulation in domestic animals.

scholarly journals Serum Anti-Mullerian Hormone and Estradiol Concentrations in Gilts and Their Age at Puberty

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2189
Author(s):  
Nutthee Am-in ◽  
Junpen Suwimonteerabutr ◽  
Roy N. Kirkwood
Keyword(s):  
Follicular Development ◽  
Ovarian Follicles ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Physiological Maturity ◽  
Data Support ◽  
Preovulatory Follicles ◽  
Estrus Detection ◽  
Fence Line

For experiment one, blood samples were obtained from 200 gilts at 90, 120, 150, 180, and 200 days of age. Serum samples from the 30 youngest (166.1 ± 0.7 days) and 30 oldest (198.8 ± 0.6 days) gilts exhibiting estrus by 200 days, and a further 18 gilts that remained anestrus at 200 days, were assayed for serum concentrations of anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) and estradiol (E2). Gilts younger at puberty had higher (p < 0.05) AMH levels than those older at puberty, and both groups had higher AMH levels than anestrus gilts (p < 0.05). Regardless of age, serum E2 was higher (p < 0.05) in gilts that achieved puberty than in gilts remaining anestrus. At spontaneous pubertal estrus detection, there was no effect of pubertal age on the number of preovulatory ovarian follicles. For experiment two, 152 prepubertal gilts received an intramuscular (IM) injection of 400 IU eCG plus 200 IU hCG and then received fence-line boar contact to detect estrus onset. Serum AMH concentrations were higher (p < 0.05) in the first 25 gilts to exhibit puberty than the last 28 gilts, with the first gilts also having more preovulatory follicles (p < 0.0001). Taken together, these data support an association between serum AMH concentrations and degree of physiological maturity and ovarian follicular development in gilts.

Induction of superovulation by inhibin vaccine in cyclic guinea-pigs

Reproduction ◽  
2000 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Shi ◽  
M Ozawa ◽  
H Komura ◽  
G Watanabe ◽  
CG Tsonis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Follicular Development ◽  
Active Immunization ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Oil Emulsion ◽  
Multiple Ovulation ◽  
Antibody Titres ◽  
Dose Dependent

Experiments were conducted to determine whether neutralizing endogenous inhibin affects follicular development and ovulation rate in guinea-pigs. Eighteen female guinea-pigs bearing 4 week progesterone implants were divided into three groups. At 1 week after removal of the progesterone implants, the animals were given a s.c. injection of 1 ml placebo (saline in oil emulsion; control), or 25 or 50 micrograms inhibin vaccine three times at 4 week intervals. Blood samples were collected once a week throughout the experiment for measuring inhibin antibody titres. After the third injection of inhibin vaccine, blood samples and ovaries were collected on the morning of day 8 after the day of oestrus. Inhibin vaccine increased the ovulation rate in a dose-dependent manner (placebo: 4.2 +/- 0.4; 25 micrograms inhibin vaccine: 6.2 +/- 0.9; 50 micrograms inhibin vaccine: 9.8 +/- 0.9) without any effects on the duration of the oestrous cycle. The results also showed that active immunization against inhibin increased the number of atretic follicles of 300-399 microns in diameter on day 8 after ovulation. The present study is the first to show that the active immunization against inhibin may be a useful method for inducing multiple ovulation in guinea-pigs.

The use of GNRH to control follicular development in cows

1996 ◽  
Vol 1996 ◽  
pp. 95-95
Author(s):  
A.R. Peters ◽  
S.J. Ward ◽  
P.J. Gordon ◽  
G.E. Mann
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Present Experiment ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Ovarian Function ◽  
Steroid Hormone ◽  
Follicular Development ◽  
Follicle Development ◽  
Preovulatory Follicle ◽  
Hormone Production ◽  
Gonadotrophin Releasing Hormone

Fertility after prostaglandin (PG) may be compromised by the variability in timing of oestrus and ovulation, which are in turn influenced by the ovarian follicular status at the time of injection. Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) treatment in the luteal phase a few days before PG can reprogramme and thus synchronise preovulatory follicle development (Wolfenson et al., 1994). A second GnRH treatment can then be given after PG, to further improve the synchrony of ovulation (Pursley et al., 1995). The present experiment was carried out to test the effect of this combined GnRH - PG - GnRH regime on ovarian function and steroid hormone production in dairy cows.

Detection of Genes Associated with Follicle Development Through Transcriptome Analysis of Bovine Ovarian Follicles GCs

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pengfei Li ◽  
Jinzhu Meng ◽  
Zhiwei Zhu ◽  
Joseph K. Folger ◽  
Lihua Lyu
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptome Analysis ◽  
Ovarian Follicles ◽  
Follicle Development

GnRH-1, GnIH mRNA and Luteinizing Hormone in Domestic hens (Gallus gallus domesticus) Exposed to Different Wavelengths of light

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 5446
Author(s):  
Reddy I.J. ◽  
Ashish Mishra ◽  
Mondal S.
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Lower Number ◽  
Gallus Gallus Domesticus ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Mrna Concentration ◽  
Normal Spectrum

The objective of this study was to establish the effects of red spectrum of light (650nm, treated n=12) and normal spectrum of light (450nm control=12) on GnRH-I and GnIH mRNA expression, amplitude and frequency of luteinizing hormone (LH) and egg production from 42 to 52 weeks of age in white leghorn hens. Blood samples were collected at weekly interval from both the groups. At the 47th week of age blood samples from both the groups were collected at every 3 h for 36h to study the pulsatile secretion of LH surges. GnRH and GnIH mRNA expression pattern was studied between control and treated birds. Egg production and pause days were calculated between the two groups. LH concentration in the plasma was increased significantly (P<0.01) in hens exposed to red spectrum of light. Plasma LH concentration was higher (P<0.01) in treated birds with more number of LH surges. The amplitude and frequencies of LH were advanced in birds exposed to red spectrum of light during 36 h of sampling at 3h intervals. GnRH-I mRNA concentration was significantly (P<0.01) higher, whereas GnIH mRNA was significantly (P<0.01) lower in birds exposed to red spectrum of light compared to controls. It is hypothesized that exposure of birds to red spectrum of light enhanced (P<0.01) GnRH-I mRNA, along with LH required for ovulation and egg lay. During 77 days (42-52 weeks of age) of the experimental period, egg production was increased (p<0.01) with lower incidence of pause days in the treated group. It is concluded that low GnIH mRNA and higher levels of GnRH-I mRNA, LH, lower number of pause days enabled the birds to lay more eggs by stimulating GnRH through red spectrum of light.

scholarly journals Proteomic Analysis Identifies Potential Markers for Chicken Primary Follicle Development

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1108
Author(s):  
Armughan Ahmed Wadood ◽  
Jingyuan Wang ◽  
Liping Pu ◽  
Qaisar Shahzad ◽  
Muhammad Waqas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Proteomic Analysis ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Protein Localization ◽  
Follicular Development ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Follicle Development ◽  
Phosphate Binding ◽  
Primary Follicle ◽  
Mannose Metabolism

Follicles’ development in chicken imparts a major impact on egg production. To enhance the egg-laying efficiency, comprehensive knowledge of different phases of follicular development is a prerequisite. Therefore, we used the tandem mass tag (TMT) based proteomic approach to find the genes involved in the primary follicular development of chicken. The primary follicles were divided into two groups—small primary follicles (81–150 μm) and developed primary follicles (300–500 μm). Differential expression analysis (fold change > 1.2, p-value < 0.05) revealed a total of 70 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs), of which 38 were upregulated and 32 were downregulated. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis disclosed that DEPs were intricate with cellular protein localization, the establishment of protein localization, and nucleoside phosphate-binding activities. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment pathway indicated the involvement of DEPs in different metabolic pathways such as glycolysis, pyruvate metabolism, galactose metabolism, and fructose and mannose metabolism. The current proteomic analysis suggested suitable markers such as Anxa2, Pdia3, and Capzb, which may serve as a potential role for primary follicle development. The present study provides the first insight into the proteome dynamics of primary follicle development and would play a potential role for further studies in chicken to improve egg productivity.

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