scholarly journals Fisheries exploitation of the Halda River, Bangladesh

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Arshad-Ul-Alam ◽  
Mohammad Ali Azadi
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Pooled Data ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fish Exploitation ◽  
Downstream Section ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Total Study Area

Fish exploitation of the Halda River was investigated for two years period from January 2007 to December 2008 to know the variation of CPUA (Catch Per Unit Area kg.ha-1year-1) among the three studied sections, months and between two years. The mean CPUA for pooled data was 295.685, 433.219, 524.449 and 411.887 kg.ha-1year-1 for the year 2007 and 415.987, 636.808, 566.515 and 527.545 kg.ha-1year-1 for the year 2008 in upstream (section 1), midstream (section 2), downstream (section 3) and over the total study area of the River Halda respectively. Analysis of variance showed highly significant difference of CPUA among gears and months. No significant difference of CPUA was observed among sections. Combined CPUA during 2008 observed higher and statistically significant than previous year.

scholarly journals Efficiency of fishing gears in the river Halda, Chittagong, Bangladesh

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Arshad-Ul-Alam ◽  
Mohammad Ali Azadi
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Catch Per Unit Effort ◽  
Pooled Data ◽  
Unit Effort ◽  
Gill Net ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fishing Gears ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Catch Rates

To determine the catch efficiency of fishing gears, catch per unit effort (CPUE)data were collected for two years during January 2007 to December 2008 from the river Halda. Analyses were done to examine the variation of CPUE among gears, studied sections, months and years. The mean CPUE for pooled data of all gears was 2.247±0.265 kg.gear-1day-1 and 2.697±0.355 kg.gear-1day-1 for 2007 and 2008 respectively. Among eight gear categories, bag nets yielded the highest CPUE during 2007 (5.957±0.704 kg.gear-1day-1) and seine nets during 2008 (7.288±1.477 kg.gear-1day-1). Among 31 gear types, small meshed bag nets yielded the highest CPUE (18.065±6.660 and 15.69±4.479 kg.gear-1day-1 during 2007 and 2008 respectively). CPUE was highest during March-April and September-November periods. Analysis of variance showed significant difference among catch rates of different fishing gears. The CPUE differed significantly among different months for net fence, gill net, cast net and scoop net during 2007; and for seine net, net fence, bag net and cast net during 2008.

scholarly journals Fuel and lubricant consumption in felling the young oak-hornbeam stands

2002 ◽  
pp. 59-66
Author(s):  
Vojislav Bajic ◽  
Milorad Danilovic
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Function Form ◽  
Tree Diameter ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Average Consumption

Based on the elements of statistical analysis on the dependence of fuel and lubricant consumption on tree diameter, it was assessed that with the increase of tree diameter, the fuel and lubricant consumption in the young oak and hornbeam stands decreases significantly, both in clear felling and in thinning and that the function form Y=exp(a+b x X?1) is the best description of the correlation The consumption of fuel compared to lubricant consumption is almost double, which agrees with the results of the previous studies. Average consumption of fuel and lubricant is 17.43 mL x tree?1, on the plots 20.27 mL x tree?1, average consumption of lubricant per tree on skid roads is 9.4 mL x tree?1, on the plots 11 mL x tree?1. The higher consumption of fuel and lubricant on the plots with selective thinning is the consequence of the longer time needed for the conversion per tree, compared to that in clear felling The consumption of fuel per unit area on the skid roads (clear felling) is 22.9 L x ha?1, on the plots (selective thinning) 7.6 L x ha?1. The consumption of lubricant on the skid roads is 13.3 L x ha?1, on the plots 4.29 L x ha?1. The higher consumption of fuel and lubricant per unit area on the skid roads is due to the difference in the number of trees per unit area Based on the results of the analysis of variance, it was found out that between fuel and lubricant consumption in selective thinning and in felling the trees along tractor skid roads there is no statistically significant difference at the level of significance of 95%. So, for practical purposes, the unique norms of consumption can be established for the stands similar to those in which the study was performed.

Lodging tolerance of rice is improved without decreasing productivity by mixing lines with different maturity dates

2021 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Seiji Oikawa ◽  
Ayaka Katayanagi ◽  
Akira Abe ◽  
Maya Matsunami ◽  
Hiroyuki Shimono
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Lodging Resistance ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Northern Japan

We hypothesised that mixing of rice lines with different maturity dates can improve the productivity per unit area while improving lodging resistance on account of the heterogeneous canopy. To test this hypothesis, we grew two lines, wild-type (WT) and early-maturing (EML), of each of two cultivars (Koshihikari and Hitomebore) in monoculture plantings and within-cultivar mixed plantings, with WT and EML plants alternating every one or two rows, over 2 years in northern Japan. The mixtures formed a canopy with different heading dates (5–7 days earlier than WT in Hitomebore and 14–19 days earlier in Koshihikari). For Koshihikari, the mixture increased grain yield per plant in the WT by 18–33%, but decreased it in the EML by 19–22%; however, for Hitomebore, there was no significant difference. Consequently, grain yield per unit area did not change relative to the mean of monocultures of WT and EML in either cultivar. Lodging tolerance improved significantly in the mixtures, especially for Koshihikari. Thus, mixing rice lines with different maturity dates improved lodging tolerance without decreasing productivity.

Infant Walkers: Developmental Tool or Inherent Danger

1982 ◽  
Vol 55 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1201-1202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcella V. Ridenour
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Onset Time ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bipedal Locomotion ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

This study investigated the influence of pre-walking practice in an infant walker on the onset time of independent walking. 15 pairs of twins were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. Only the experimental group was exposed to an infant walker. This group spent a minimum of 1 hr. per day in an infant walker from 4 mo. of age until the onset of bipedal locomotion. The infants in the control group were not placed in infant walkers. A one-way analysis of variance indicated there was no significant difference between the mean ages of initial walking for the experimental and control groups. The use of the infant walker did not influence the onset of independent walking.

Body-weight-fleece-weight relationships in a strain of Merino sheep

1956 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
PG Schinckel
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Merino Sheep ◽  
Wool Production ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Fleece Weight ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship of body weight to wool production was examined in a flock of Merino sheep of South Australian strain over a period of 7 years. In only one out of 10 groups examined was there a significant correlation between body weight and the amount of clean wool produced per unit area of midside skin. It is concluded that body weight and wool production per unit area of body surface are independent. In all groups there was a highly significant correlation between clean fleece weight and clean wool per unit area of body surface in the midside region. The regression of log fleece weight on log body weight was determined in 15 groups. In no case was the regression coefficient significantly different from 0.60. As the regression of log surface area on log body weight in sheep is of the order of 0.60, it is concluded that wool production is proportional to fleece-bearing surface. The mean regression coefficients of log fleece weight on log body weight, calculated within sire and year groups, were: rams, 0.52 ± 0.056; ewes, 0.61 ± 0.038; wethers, 0.30 ± 0.068. There were no significant differences between sires in the regression of log fleece weight on log body weight. There were, however, highly significant differences between sire groups in mean log fleece weight, after adjustment for differences in log body weight. Skin areas 3 by 3 cm were tattooed on the left midside of 24 lambs at 1 month of age. The wool produced on these areas, and the areas of the tattoos, were measured at 4-monthly intervals from 4 months of age until 28 months. The amount of wool produced m7as proportional to the area in each of the six periods. There was also a highly significant difference between periods and between sheep in the amount of wool produced after adjustment for differences in tattoo area.

Investigation of Force Required to Crack Melon Seed Shell by Static Loading

2007 ◽  
Vol 18-19 ◽  
pp. 187-192
Author(s):  
F.B. Okokon ◽  
Mathew A. Oduh ◽  
N.A. Akpan
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Static Loading ◽  
Melon Seed ◽  
Level Of Confidence ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Melon Seeds ◽  
Experimental Rig

The force required to shell melon seed by static loading techniques was investigated with an experimental rig machine. Melon seeds were categorized based on their moisture content into 4 sub-samples by soaking. Ten seeds from each sample were randomly selected and loaded in three different loading orientations x, y and z. The mean force required to crack the seeds was determined. Results showed variations in force, while analysis of variance showed significant difference in the loading orientation and no significant difference in the interaction of moisture content, at 95% level of confidence.

The Study of Learners’ Educational Level and Their Knowledge of True Cognate Words in Iran

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 985
Author(s):  
Siros Izadpanah ◽  
Maryam Hatemi ◽  
Fatemeh Asadi
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Content Validity ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
The Other ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Anova Analysis ◽  
Validity Index ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Our purpose of the study was to determine the learners’ educational level and their knowledge of true cognate words. 385 had been selected from 3,789 statistical population participated in 2014–2015 at three levels of associate, bachelor, and master of Islamic Azad University as well as teachers of English in English educational institutions in Zanjan (Iran). The participants’ age was between from 18 to 52. The materials were 45 words of true cognate words from 500 words by doing CVR (content validity ratio) and CVI (content validity index) (Lawshe’s table with the index of 88% and 82% respectively). ANOVA (Analysis of variance) was used for studying the effect of educational level on the rate of awareness. The results showed there is no significant difference between the awareness of Associate diploma (A.D.), Bachelor of art (B.A.), and Master of art (M.A.) levels, but there is a significant difference between the level of awareness of teachers group and the other groups in true cognate words. Our result showed that all of them were weak in recognizing true cognate words. It also suggested the mean of true cognates recognized by the students based on educational level had increased trend.

Anatomical parameters of subaxial percutaneous transfacet screw fixation based on the analysis of 50 computed tomography scans

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 573-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Milchteim ◽  
Warren D. Yu ◽  
Anthony Ho ◽  
Joseph R. O'Brien
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Screw Placement ◽  
Upper Cervical Spine ◽  
Entry Angle ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Upper Cervical ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Transfacet Screw Fixation

Object Cervical transfacet screw placement has been described in the literature. Although the technique shows promise for percutaneous application, parameters for screw placement have not been well delineated. This study used reconstructed CT scans with imaging software to assess the feasibility of percutaneous transfacet screw placement, analyzing potential entry angles, transfacet lengths, and sex differences at each subaxial level. Methods Fifty consecutive cervical CT scans (obtained in 26 males and 24 females [mean age 41.5 years]) were reformatted using OsiriX software, and transfacet lengths, entry angles, and potential occipital clearance were analyzed at all subaxial levels. Statistical analyses were used to determine the differences, if any, between transfacet lengths, entry angle, and occipital clearance across individual cervical levels. Repeatability was quantified by calculating the intraclass correlation coefficient and Cohen kappa value. Results A total of 200 transfacet lengths and 200 entry angles in 50 patients were analyzed. The mean transfacet lengths were 17.9 ± 2.6, 17.6 ± 3.2, 16.3 ± 3.6, and 13.1 ± 2.2 mm at C3–4, C4–5, C5–6, and C6–7, respectively, with mean entry angles at 52.7° ± 7.8°, 56.5° ± 8.0°, 55.0° ± 8.8°, and 53.0° ± 8.7°, respectively. Analysis of variance revealed a significant difference between the mean transfacet lengths, while post hoc analysis revealed significantly larger transfacet lengths in the upper 2 cervical levels (C3–4 and C4–5) than in the lower 2 cervical levels (C5–6 and C6–7). Analysis of variance demonstrated no significant difference between the entry angles. Males had significantly larger transfacet lengths at C5–6 (17.4 vs 15.1 mm) and C6–7 (13.7 vs 12.4 mm) than females. The occiput would have blocked percutaneous screw placement in 86%, 78%, 54%, and 20% of the cases at C3–4, C4–5, C5–6, and C6–7, respectively. Transfacet lengths may accommodate longer screws in the upper cervical spine, but potential screw sizes decrease in the lower subaxial levels. A transfacet entry angle of approximately 50° or greater was associated with a higher incidence of occipital clearance. Additionally, the occiput may pose a significant obstruction to percutaneous transfacet fixation in upper subaxial levels. Interrater reliability was poor for screw angle and length measurements, but was satisfactory in intrarater analysis in 6 of 8 measurements. There was moderate to good agreement of occipital clearance in all but one measurement. Conclusions Cervical transfacet screw placement is possible from C-3 to C-7. Because occipital clearance can be difficult at C3–4 and C6–7, the use of curved or flexible instruments may be necessary to obtain the appropriate screw trajectory. Screw lengths varied with spinal level and the sex of the patient.

A Comparative Study of Multiple Intelligences of Students with Respect to Grades

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaikh, N ◽  
Khan, Shah Mohd ◽  
Wakpainjan, P
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Multiple Intelligences ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Coefficient Of Correlation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Mean

The purpose of the paper is to study and compare the Multiple Intelligences of girls and boys studying in VII and IX grades. The nature of study was descriptive. Two stage sampling was used to select sample. The sample of the study constitutes 4577 students in which 2010 were from grade VII and 2567 students from grade IX. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to find the significant difference in the multiple Intelligences of students with respect to grades. The findings shows that there is a significant difference in the multiple Intelligences of grade VII and IX students. The mean scores indicate that IX grade students were found to be high on Bodily Kinesthetic, Interpersonal, Intrapersonal, Musical, Naturalistic and Existential Intelligence than VII grade students. The inter-correlation between different types of Intelligence was calculated with respect to grades. It was found that the coefficient of correlation between different types of Multiple Intelligences were high in case of grade VII students in comparison to grade IX students. Profile Analysis was used to derive an inference about the level of multiple intelligences of students with respect to grades. The findings showed that IX grade students i.e. girls and boys were found to be high on all types of Intelligences than VII grade students i.e. girls and boys. Suggestions and implication of the study were discussed.

scholarly journals A Study on Verbal Fluency of Persian Patients with Three Types of Multiple Sclerosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Morteza Farazi ◽  
Mojtaba Azimian ◽  
Samaneh Hosseinzadeh ◽  
Marzieh Amrevani ◽  
Sepideh Faraji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Speech Disorders ◽  
Semantic Fluency ◽  
Academic Degree ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bonferroni Test ◽  
The Mean

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an acquired autoimmune disease of the brain and spinal cord, resulting in the loss of control, vision, balance, and senses. Among the most important complications of MS in the course of the disease are speech disorders, especially dysarthria, as well as impairment of difficulty and language disorders. Objectives: Therefore, this research aimed to study the verbal fluency of Persian patients on three types of MS (Relapsing-Remitting, Primary Progressive, and Secondary Progressive). Methods: The descriptive-analytical approach was employed in this cross-sectional research. Since three types of MS were analyzed in this study, the samples collected using the convenience non-probability sampling technique from the MS patients in Rofeideh Rehabilitation Hospital in Tehran. Based on the inclusion criteria, 24 patients were put in each subgroup, and a total of 72 patients were selected. Besides, the mini-mental state examination (MMSE) was carried out in this research to study the cognitive conditions of the patients. The verbal fluency test has two subtests: semantic and phonological fluency. These two components were analyzed for analyzing lexical knowledge and flexibility. In the data analysis phase, the normal distribution of the data was examined by the Shapiro-Wilk test, and paired t-test, one-way analysis of variance, and Bonferroni non-parametric tests were used to compare the mean values of the variables and analyze the data. Results: Our findings revealed a mean switching and total verbal fluency of 11.6 (SD = 4.56) and 27.3 (SD = 7), respectively. The different forms of word switching and phonological fluency had no significant relationship with age and gender, but MMSE had a significant positive relationship with all of them (P < 0.05). The results from the analysis of variance and Bonferroni test also revealed no significant difference between the mean values on the SP and PP types of MS, but there was a significant difference between all mean values on the RR as well as the PP types (P < 0.05). However, the types of PP, SP, and RR did not significantly differ in word switching. Besides, phonological switching and verbal switching varied significantly in patients by academic degree (P < 0.001). Conclusions: The findings from this research revealed that the three types of MS differed significantly at least in lexical switching, phonological fluency, or semantic fluency.

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