scholarly journals TRANSDISCIPLINARY HUMAN STUDY: PILLARS AND COLLISIONS

2021 ◽  
pp. 326-332
Author(s):  
Svetlana R. Dinaburg ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Study ◽  
Cultural Experience ◽  
Transdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Self Development ◽  
Global Problems ◽  
Historical Phenomenon ◽  
Self Learning

The transdisciplinary approach to studying the problem of human appears to be the most natural and productive starting point for the situation that modern philosophy finds itself in. In the paper, the problem of human is considered as a paradoxical weird problem directly related to the global problems of our time. In this case, what appears to be an alternative to problem-solving is problematization, which reveals hidden opportunities and existing relationships between different fields of meanings. The question of the method, foundations of integration was brewing over the «long 20th century» simultaneously with the proclamation of the end of fundamental pillars (God, science, history, man), which led to a situation of exhaustion of world outlooks and forced «preconceptionlessness». Overcoming this crisis, cognition is now moving into the trans- and meta- positions, where the opportunities for construction and new paths for syntheses open up. Not only the scientific and philosophical ethos, but the need to involve a wide range of people in the practice of study of human nature requires clarity: transdisciplinarity is not a mere popular intellectual trend (speculative program, discursive game), but an effective method that can work with radicalization, social restrictions, dead ends, etc. The search for ontological foundations and integration with various forms of cultural experience lead «trans-science» to metaphysical problems and the experience of the sacred, the recognition of the role of discourse as the creative being; then the testing of limits needs to be coupled with moderate epistemological conservatism. In its theoretical foundation, transdisciplinarity is based on the effects of self-organization, self-development, and self-learning, which requires the provision of conditions for the production of syntheses and competent trust in the process, which cannot be reduced to the expectation of a miraculous appearance of Deus ex machina. Exploring the paradoxical collisions of transdisciplinarity, it is proposed to consider its rootedness as a historical phenomenon.

scholarly journals Plädoyer für eine linguistische Partizipation an einem konstruktivistisch begründeten, kulturwissenschaftlichen Projekt transdisziplinärer Forschung am Beispiel der Interkulturellen Kommunikation

2003 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antje Hornscheidt
Keyword(s):  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Intercultural Communication ◽  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Cultural Analysis ◽  
Transdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Traditional Research ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Constructivist Perspective ◽  
Linguistic Approach

In my article I take a constructivist perspective as a starting point. Giving some introductory remarks on the role of language and the constitution of meaning within a constructivist framework, the article discusses the role and relevance of Critical Discourse Analysis and Cognitive Linguistics within this frame for cultural studies. It is argued that a transdisciplinary approach is most valuable for a research taking the importance of linguistic processes for cultural analysis into account. Following especially Fauconnier (1999) and Verschueren (1999), the importance of a pragmatic and cognitive-linguistic approach to language is underlined. To exemplify the consequences that a transdisciplinary approach could have, the article focuses on the way intercultural communication has been conceptualized within linguistics so far. The critical analysis of traditional research on and conceptualization of intercultural communication shows, how a constructivist perspective can widen the scope of linguistic research.

Sympathy for the Devil: The Puzzle of Imaginative Resistance, the Role of Fiction in Moral Thought, and the Limits of the Imagination

Philosophy ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Edmund Dain
Keyword(s):  
Moral Thought ◽  
Imaginative Resistance ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Moral Landscape ◽  
The Devil

Abstract What are the limits of the imagination in morality? What role does fiction play in moral thought? My starting point in addressing these questions is Tamar Szabo Gendler's ‘puzzle of imaginative resistance’, the problem of explaining the special difficulties we seem to encounter in imagining to be right what we take to be morally wrong (or vice versa) in fiction, and Gendler's claim that those difficulties are due to our unwillingness to imagine these things, rather than our inability to imagine what is logically or conceptually impossible. Using a wide range of examples, I argue that there is no puzzle of imaginative resistance and that to think that there is such a puzzle is to miss almost entirely the role fiction plays in moral thought. That, however, does not mean that there are no limits to what we can imagine in morality. In fact, I argue, the imagination is limited in morality, as elsewhere, by what is logically or conceptually possible. Together, those claims suggest that fiction and the imagination play a fundamental role in shaping our conception of the moral landscape. The paper concludes by drawing some of the consequences of these views for the nature of moral thought.

scholarly journals Maslinic Acid Nanoparticles: A Drug to Carry Others

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Pablo Graván ◽  
Aixa Aguilera-Garrido ◽  
Marta Medina-O’Donell ◽  
Andrés Parra ◽  
María J. Gálvez-Ruiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Phase ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Maslinic Acid ◽  
Phase Volume Ratio ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Experimental Parameters ◽  
Therapeutic Activities ◽  
Harmful Effects

Maslinic acid (MA), a triterpene widely found in natural sources, is a compound which is gaining interest due to its multiple therapeutic activities and its lack of harmful effects. However, MA is practically insoluble in water, which limits its clinical application. Here, we present a solvent displacement method to produce MA Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLNs) as a nanoplatform to carry hydrophobic drugs. A systematic study of the experimental parameters that may have some influence on the colloidal characteristics of MA SLNs was carried out. The effect of the aqueous/organic phase volume ratio and the organic phase composition on the size of SLNs evidence the role of the solvent diffusivity on the colloidal characteristic of the SLNs. On the other hand, the effect of surfactant/MA ratio proved the relevance of the surfactant on stabilizing the SLNs interface, owing to the changes on the interfacial tension that it promotes. MA SLNs have proved to be highly stable over time and in a wide range of pH and salinity conditions, as well as having a high curcumin encapsulation efficiency. The MA SLNs prepared in this work provide a starting point to develop functionalized active nanocarriers which allow establishing a synergistic relation with the loaded drug.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF INFORMATION AND COGNITIVE DOMAINS IN EMERGENCIES

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rusi Marinov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Domains ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Time Reading ◽  
Algorithmic Approaches ◽  
Information Domain ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Role Of Information

This report discusses the role of information domain and cognitive technologies in emergency management in the context of the global pandemic problems, which is also caused by a lack of leader’s capacity, knowledge transfer, lack of major investments in the security and health systems. Global emergency response plans should be based on the “artificial” reality of our planetary condition and used as a starting point for planning. Innovative companies are trying to take advantage of cognitive technologies to automate processes to solve a wide range of problems that require specific knowledge. The main aspects of knowledge are related to the so-called „P” categories (Perceive, Perception, Predict) of our critical environment and data input to such systems coming from sensors and smart elements. The new model for effective reactions in crisis refers to cognitive technologies, which, if available use an aesthetic language, generate unstructured texts, process information, used sensors for data in real-time, reading signals, access to “smart objects” and other algorithmic approaches for searching of solutions in extreme situations. The cognitive technologies used during contingency planning is oriented towards the further development of AI in order to improve the performance of machines in terms of intuition, sensitivity, emotions, and other factors that enhance the planning and decision-making tasks.

scholarly journals The Role of Eye Gaze in Regulating Turn Taking in Conversations: A Systematized Review of Methods and Findings

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziedune Degutyte ◽  
Arlene Astell
Keyword(s):  
Eye Gaze ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Gaze Behavior ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Speech Monitoring ◽  
Systematized Review ◽  
Methodological Approaches

Eye gaze plays an important role in communication but understanding of its actual function or functions and the methods used to elucidate this have varied considerably. This systematized review was undertaken to summarize both the proposed functions of eye gaze in conversations of healthy adults and the methodological approaches employed. The eligibility criteria were restricted to a healthy adult population and excluded studies that manipulated eye gaze behavior. A total of 29 articles—quantitative, qualitative and mixed methods were returned, with a wide range of methodological designs. The main areas of variability related to number of conversants, their familiarity and status, conversation topic, data collection tools—video and eye tracking—and definitions of eye gaze. The findings confirm that eye gaze facilitates turn yielding, plays a role in speech monitoring, prevents and repairs conversation breakdowns and facilitates intentional and unintentional speech interruptions. These findings were remarkably consistent given the variability in methods across the 29 articles. However, in relation to turn initiation, the results were less consistent, requiring further investigation. This review provides a starting point for future studies to make informed decisions about study methods for examining eye gaze and selecting variables of interest.

Formation and development of the network self-learning organization

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena N. Belova
Keyword(s):  
Doctoral Students ◽  
Learning Organization ◽  
Professional Education ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Educational Organizations ◽  
Technological Support ◽  
Mutual Learning ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Self Development ◽  
Self Learning

The solution of an urgent socially significant scientific problem based on the implementation of theoretical and methodological, conceptual substantiation, methodological and technological support for the formation and development of a network self-learning organization as a prospect for the development of educational organizations. The concept and model of the formation and development of a networked self-learning organization have been scientifically substantiated, developed and tested. The prospects of using in practice a new scientific idea of ​​the formation and development of a network self-learning organization of additional professional education based on the development of the readiness and ability of its employees to increase the effectiveness of professional activity in the process of their training, mutual learning, self-training and self-development has been developed and proved. The monograph is addressed to teachers, students of psychological and pedagogical directions, graduate students, doctoral students, managers, specialists of educational organizations and a wide range of readers interested in improving the performance of educational organizations through their transformation into network self-learning organizations.

scholarly journals National Metrology Infrastructure—Support for Analytical Laboratory Activity

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Mirella Buzoianu
Keyword(s):  
Reliable Measurement ◽  
Laboratory Activity ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
End Use ◽  
Metrology Infrastructure ◽  
Manufacturing Science

Reliable, traceable, and comparable measurements provide a rational basis for evaluating the quality of any result and the starting point for laboratory accreditation. Accurate and compatible measurements are, at present, essential for manufacturing, science, and trade. Additionally, a wide range of aspects of the quality of life, from healthcare to sport, is underpinned by reliable measurement results. Starting from the role of a National Institute of Metrology (INM) in securing traceability of all measurements, regardless of their end-use or level of accuracy, some aspects related to the present state-of-art in the field of metrology in Romania are presented.

Teaching Dictionary Skills to Elementary School Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-169
Author(s):  
G. Omarova ◽  
◽  
M. Kenzhegaliyeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Schools ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
Self Directed Learning ◽  
School Students ◽  
Knowledge And Skills ◽  
Self Development ◽  
Directed Learning ◽  
Self Learning

At the present stage, the role of the student in learning is becoming more significant, since the educational process is increasingly turning into a process of self-learning and the students themselves choose their education path. For successful self-directed learning, students need various skills. This article focuses on the teaching dictionary skills in primary schools. Under changed conditions, elementary schools are required to provide their students with the knowledge and skills in using various types of dictionaries, both printed and electronic media as well as monolingual and bilingual. Therefore, a clearly designed and properly organized educational environment is of utmost importance. Didactic conditions contribute to the development of dictionary skills and, in general, to self-development of students.

scholarly journals Active Citizenship or Activist Citizenship? A Framework for Studying Citizenship in New Social Movements and the Role of ICTs

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Venetia Papa ◽  
Dimitra L. Milioni
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
New Media ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Political Protest ◽  
Active Citizenship ◽  
Theoretical Structure ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Level Analysis

The latter half of the twentieth century witnessed an upsurge in mobilization and collective action by a wide range of activists and groups engaging in social and political protest, all over the world, which continues to this day. New media are not only greatly facilitating the ways in which activists communicate and protest, but are also altering the relation of the movements to territorial boundaries and localities. Scholars from a wide range of disciplines have tended to focus on questions about the internet’s role in protest, without attempting to answer the changing meaning of what it means to be a citizen within such movements and through their practices. This article responds to this need by developing an analytical framework for studying the connection between citizenship and ICT-mediated social movements, drawing on existing scholarship on social movements, citizenship and ICTs. Specifically, using citizenship studies as a starting point, it brings together elements that are necessary for a two-level analysis: a) the tangible aspects that are seen as the concrete practices of movements and their participants and b) the ideational aspects that are seen as the abstract practices of movements and their participants. This provides a theoretical structure that facilitates connections between different disciplines that might otherwise be difficult to discern, so that the construction of citizenship can be studied on an interdisciplinary basis.

scholarly journals Contemporary Innovation Challenges – Future of Adoption Artificial Intelligence: Case of Estonia

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (14) ◽  
pp. 217-225
Author(s):  
Valeria Gavrilova ◽  
Natalie Aleksandra Gurvitsh-Suits
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Potential Application ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Complete Understanding ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Raising Awareness ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Further Development

Nowadays artificial intelligence is gaining popularity and brings changes into everyday lives and business. Latest research outline various options and challenges related to the implementation of artificial intelligence in different fields (Garbuio&Lin, 2019; Kumar et.al, 2019; Tambe et.al 2019). It is obvious that its adoption will have a notable significant impact on certain industries. However, it also requires complete understanding and awareness of main constraints and benefits. The aim of the present research is to find out the possibilities of adoption of the artificial intelligence in accounting industry in case of Estonia and its impact on the role of the accountant in the future. The main research question focuses on whether Estonian accountants are aware of the new opportunities related to the implementation of artificial intelligence and their openness to these challenges. Authors conducted a survey among Estonian accounting professionals and the results revealed limited knowledge, with people being aware of the meaning but having little or no idea about the basic components of artificial intelligence and wide range of a potential application. During the research, it became obvious that only few companies in Estonia are already using artificial intelligence: among the main reasons of non-adoption are lack of experience, lack of qualified professionals and the general complexity. Authors believe that the results of this study provide a starting point for companies involved in providing various modern technical support for accounting industry and may contribute to the raising awareness and further development of active successful adoption of artificial intelligence in Estonia.

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