scholarly journals Active Citizenship or Activist Citizenship? A Framework for Studying Citizenship in New Social Movements and the Role of ICTs

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Venetia Papa ◽  
Dimitra L. Milioni
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
New Media ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Political Protest ◽  
Active Citizenship ◽  
Theoretical Structure ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Level Analysis

The latter half of the twentieth century witnessed an upsurge in mobilization and collective action by a wide range of activists and groups engaging in social and political protest, all over the world, which continues to this day. New media are not only greatly facilitating the ways in which activists communicate and protest, but are also altering the relation of the movements to territorial boundaries and localities. Scholars from a wide range of disciplines have tended to focus on questions about the internet’s role in protest, without attempting to answer the changing meaning of what it means to be a citizen within such movements and through their practices. This article responds to this need by developing an analytical framework for studying the connection between citizenship and ICT-mediated social movements, drawing on existing scholarship on social movements, citizenship and ICTs. Specifically, using citizenship studies as a starting point, it brings together elements that are necessary for a two-level analysis: a) the tangible aspects that are seen as the concrete practices of movements and their participants and b) the ideational aspects that are seen as the abstract practices of movements and their participants. This provides a theoretical structure that facilitates connections between different disciplines that might otherwise be difficult to discern, so that the construction of citizenship can be studied on an interdisciplinary basis.

Internet i nastava književnosti: digitalni modernizam

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mladen Stanić ◽  
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Change Communication ◽  
Teaching Aids ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Methodological Principles ◽  
Continuous Work ◽  
Teacher's Knowledge ◽  
The Relationship

The wide range of questions that this topic raises lead us to think about the training of teachers, their continuous work and improvement. Following this paragraph, we conclude that a textbook/manual, which would deal with the relationship between the Internet and teaching, or the continuous organization of seminars and trainings, is a necessity for literature teachers. In addition to the teacher's knowledge of the coexistence of literature and new media, it is necessary to pay special attention to the critical attitude of students towards Internet content and to point out the purposeful use of newspapers in the teaching process. The role of teachers in modern timesis not favorable because things related to their profession are rapidly developing: new genres appear, tendencies in study and creation change, communication media are continuously changing, and on the other hand teaching it self must undergo changes and transformations. Nevertheless, proven methodological principles always exist, at least as the essence of teaching, regardless of which teaching aids were used and in what way in class. The Internet content and the opportunities it provides have proven to be stimulating and close to the students, so the teacher can use them, with the awareness that the teaching aid must not overshadow the content that is being processed.

Corporate Networks and the Spatial and Functional Reorganizations of Large Firms

1995 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 1627-1645 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Li
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Space And Place ◽  
Large Firms ◽  
Corporate Reorganization ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Corporate Networks ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Urban And Regional Development ◽  
Corporate Reorganizations

In this paper a new analytical framework is developed to examine the emergent spatial and functional reorganizations of large firms that are intimately related to the use of corporate networks. The framework is developed through a systematic analysis of the various types of relationships between information technology and corporate reorganization, and the identification of the key elements and dimensions of corporate reorganizations. It allows for specific organizational changes to be understood within the overall context of corporate reorganization in the firm, and most of all, to be easily seen as in some way related to the use of corporate networks. Unlike previous studies in which the role of space and place has mostly been marginalized, in this inquiry geography is regarded as an integral part of the development of corporate networks and corporate reorganizations. By centrally focusing on the intersections between corporate networks, large firms, and geography, I conceptualize a wide range of phenomena that are observed in real organizations, and speculate on their implications for the future form of organizations and urban and regional development.

Achieving the maximum synergistic effect in production

2021 ◽  
pp. 18-32
Author(s):  
Yu. A. Ostrovskiy ◽  
A. P. Yakovleva ◽  
A. V. Mukhin ◽  
G. E. Ganina
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Organizational Form ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Global Innovation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cooperative Activity ◽  
Level Analysis ◽  
Effective Result

Practical activities aimed at improving the efficiency of production often determine the theoretical developments in this area. In this practical activity, it is always possible to discover hidden patterns that can be of great importance for the completion of the relevant theoretical provisions. The article attempts to comprehend some aspects of practical human activity in the direction of increasing the efficiency of production in order to use them to build a synergistic effect management apparatus. Due to the novelty of the issue and the wide range of different approaches, it is necessary to limit ourselves only to a conceptual consideration in order to gain an opportunity to get into the field of practical use in production activities on this basis. The authors propose the concept of achieving the maximum synergistic effect in production on the basis of a new organizational form of cooperative activity, which allows purposefully obtaining an emergent, super-effective result. In order to develop and justify the concept of achieving the maximum synergistic effect in production, a multi-level analysis was carried out at the level of mental activity to develop ways to obtain a synergistic effect, at the level of distinctive features of global innovations in production, and at the level of compatibility of actions to obtain a synergistic effect. Taking into account the synonymy of the concepts of «synergy» and «cooperation», the conclusion about the dominant role of cooperation in obtaining an emergent synergistic property in man-made activities is made. It is shown that the emergent property is most evident in the new organizational form, which is the ergodynamic cooperative (EDC). Borrowing certain features of the analyzed global innovations in the formation of the EDC, the authors suggest that the EDC can claim to be an independent global innovation.

Brown Bodies, White Babies

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Harrison
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Sperm Donors ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Media Narratives ◽  
Gestational Surrogacy ◽  
Brown Bodies

Brown Bodies, White Babies contributes to an active field of literature on reproductive technologies while addressing understudied aspects of surrogacy within this scholarship. With notable exceptions, feminist analyses of surrogacy have largely focused on the gendered implications of the practice and minimized the role of race. Brown Bodies, White Babies takes intersectionality as a crucial starting point, examining the ways in which identity categories come together to form nexuses of privilege and oppression. Fertility clinics, surrogacy agencies, and intended parents often dismiss the role of race in gestational surrogacy arrangements as inconsequential, particularly in comparison to the race of egg and sperm donors who will contribute their genetic material. A surrogate is measured instead by markers of appropriate femininity, including the completeness of her own biological family, and the perceived authenticity of her altruistic motivations. Yet gender identity is not isolated from socially identified race, and thus the race of the surrogate takes on varying levels of importance in relation to other intersectional constructs. As new media narratives of surrogacy are constantly being produced and innovations in reproductive technologies advance at a rapid rate, it is difficult, if not impossible, to keep pace. However, the arguments and theoretical frameworks that underpin this research remain relevant, largely because this project resonates beyond the specificity of ARTs and draws historicized comparisons that tap into a much longer tradition of cross-racial reproductive labor.

Sympathy for the Devil: The Puzzle of Imaginative Resistance, the Role of Fiction in Moral Thought, and the Limits of the Imagination

Philosophy ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Edmund Dain
Keyword(s):  
Moral Thought ◽  
Imaginative Resistance ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Moral Landscape ◽  
The Devil

Abstract What are the limits of the imagination in morality? What role does fiction play in moral thought? My starting point in addressing these questions is Tamar Szabo Gendler's ‘puzzle of imaginative resistance’, the problem of explaining the special difficulties we seem to encounter in imagining to be right what we take to be morally wrong (or vice versa) in fiction, and Gendler's claim that those difficulties are due to our unwillingness to imagine these things, rather than our inability to imagine what is logically or conceptually impossible. Using a wide range of examples, I argue that there is no puzzle of imaginative resistance and that to think that there is such a puzzle is to miss almost entirely the role fiction plays in moral thought. That, however, does not mean that there are no limits to what we can imagine in morality. In fact, I argue, the imagination is limited in morality, as elsewhere, by what is logically or conceptually possible. Together, those claims suggest that fiction and the imagination play a fundamental role in shaping our conception of the moral landscape. The paper concludes by drawing some of the consequences of these views for the nature of moral thought.

scholarly journals Maslinic Acid Nanoparticles: A Drug to Carry Others

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Pablo Graván ◽  
Aixa Aguilera-Garrido ◽  
Marta Medina-O’Donell ◽  
Andrés Parra ◽  
María J. Gálvez-Ruiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Phase ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Maslinic Acid ◽  
Phase Volume Ratio ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Experimental Parameters ◽  
Therapeutic Activities ◽  
Harmful Effects

Maslinic acid (MA), a triterpene widely found in natural sources, is a compound which is gaining interest due to its multiple therapeutic activities and its lack of harmful effects. However, MA is practically insoluble in water, which limits its clinical application. Here, we present a solvent displacement method to produce MA Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLNs) as a nanoplatform to carry hydrophobic drugs. A systematic study of the experimental parameters that may have some influence on the colloidal characteristics of MA SLNs was carried out. The effect of the aqueous/organic phase volume ratio and the organic phase composition on the size of SLNs evidence the role of the solvent diffusivity on the colloidal characteristic of the SLNs. On the other hand, the effect of surfactant/MA ratio proved the relevance of the surfactant on stabilizing the SLNs interface, owing to the changes on the interfacial tension that it promotes. MA SLNs have proved to be highly stable over time and in a wide range of pH and salinity conditions, as well as having a high curcumin encapsulation efficiency. The MA SLNs prepared in this work provide a starting point to develop functionalized active nanocarriers which allow establishing a synergistic relation with the loaded drug.

scholarly journals TRANSDISCIPLINARY HUMAN STUDY: PILLARS AND COLLISIONS

2021 ◽  
pp. 326-332
Author(s):  
Svetlana R. Dinaburg ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Study ◽  
Cultural Experience ◽  
Transdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Self Development ◽  
Global Problems ◽  
Historical Phenomenon ◽  
Self Learning

The transdisciplinary approach to studying the problem of human appears to be the most natural and productive starting point for the situation that modern philosophy finds itself in. In the paper, the problem of human is considered as a paradoxical weird problem directly related to the global problems of our time. In this case, what appears to be an alternative to problem-solving is problematization, which reveals hidden opportunities and existing relationships between different fields of meanings. The question of the method, foundations of integration was brewing over the «long 20th century» simultaneously with the proclamation of the end of fundamental pillars (God, science, history, man), which led to a situation of exhaustion of world outlooks and forced «preconceptionlessness». Overcoming this crisis, cognition is now moving into the trans- and meta- positions, where the opportunities for construction and new paths for syntheses open up. Not only the scientific and philosophical ethos, but the need to involve a wide range of people in the practice of study of human nature requires clarity: transdisciplinarity is not a mere popular intellectual trend (speculative program, discursive game), but an effective method that can work with radicalization, social restrictions, dead ends, etc. The search for ontological foundations and integration with various forms of cultural experience lead «trans-science» to metaphysical problems and the experience of the sacred, the recognition of the role of discourse as the creative being; then the testing of limits needs to be coupled with moderate epistemological conservatism. In its theoretical foundation, transdisciplinarity is based on the effects of self-organization, self-development, and self-learning, which requires the provision of conditions for the production of syntheses and competent trust in the process, which cannot be reduced to the expectation of a miraculous appearance of Deus ex machina. Exploring the paradoxical collisions of transdisciplinarity, it is proposed to consider its rootedness as a historical phenomenon.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF INFORMATION AND COGNITIVE DOMAINS IN EMERGENCIES

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rusi Marinov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Domains ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Time Reading ◽  
Algorithmic Approaches ◽  
Information Domain ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Role Of Information

This report discusses the role of information domain and cognitive technologies in emergency management in the context of the global pandemic problems, which is also caused by a lack of leader’s capacity, knowledge transfer, lack of major investments in the security and health systems. Global emergency response plans should be based on the “artificial” reality of our planetary condition and used as a starting point for planning. Innovative companies are trying to take advantage of cognitive technologies to automate processes to solve a wide range of problems that require specific knowledge. The main aspects of knowledge are related to the so-called „P” categories (Perceive, Perception, Predict) of our critical environment and data input to such systems coming from sensors and smart elements. The new model for effective reactions in crisis refers to cognitive technologies, which, if available use an aesthetic language, generate unstructured texts, process information, used sensors for data in real-time, reading signals, access to “smart objects” and other algorithmic approaches for searching of solutions in extreme situations. The cognitive technologies used during contingency planning is oriented towards the further development of AI in order to improve the performance of machines in terms of intuition, sensitivity, emotions, and other factors that enhance the planning and decision-making tasks.

scholarly journals The Role of Eye Gaze in Regulating Turn Taking in Conversations: A Systematized Review of Methods and Findings

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziedune Degutyte ◽  
Arlene Astell
Keyword(s):  
Eye Gaze ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Gaze Behavior ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Speech Monitoring ◽  
Systematized Review ◽  
Methodological Approaches

Eye gaze plays an important role in communication but understanding of its actual function or functions and the methods used to elucidate this have varied considerably. This systematized review was undertaken to summarize both the proposed functions of eye gaze in conversations of healthy adults and the methodological approaches employed. The eligibility criteria were restricted to a healthy adult population and excluded studies that manipulated eye gaze behavior. A total of 29 articles—quantitative, qualitative and mixed methods were returned, with a wide range of methodological designs. The main areas of variability related to number of conversants, their familiarity and status, conversation topic, data collection tools—video and eye tracking—and definitions of eye gaze. The findings confirm that eye gaze facilitates turn yielding, plays a role in speech monitoring, prevents and repairs conversation breakdowns and facilitates intentional and unintentional speech interruptions. These findings were remarkably consistent given the variability in methods across the 29 articles. However, in relation to turn initiation, the results were less consistent, requiring further investigation. This review provides a starting point for future studies to make informed decisions about study methods for examining eye gaze and selecting variables of interest.

The World of Chiropractic

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holly Folk
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Social Movements ◽  
Alternative Medicine ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Chiropractic Profession ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Western Esotericism ◽  
The U.S

Chapter seven focuses on the later 20th century, and considers how the U.S. experience bears on the profession as chiropractic grows internationally in the new millennium. Chiropractic has prospered due to Americans’ enthusiasm for holism and desire to control their own health care. Though relatively well positioned, chiropractic faces new versions of longstanding challenges, such as factionalism in the profession. This chapter returns to the question of spirituality to show how metaphysics may bear on chiropractic as it takes root in other countries. Some chiropractors, including the Palmers, have maintained connections with Western esotericism, especially to Rosicrucian orders. The chapter also considers the role of chiropractors in extreme political and social movements, including white nationalism, and argues their participation is an effect of the populist mindset cultivated within alternative medicine. The chapter presents an overview of the early international dissemination of chiropractic. Globalization offers opportunities for the chiropractic profession, but it must overcome a wide range of reactions from within receiving cultures.

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