scholarly journals MIGRATION PROCESSES IN THE TYUMEN REGION

2021 ◽  
pp. 42-52
Author(s):  
Valentina A Dobryakova ◽  
◽  
Andrey B. Dobryakov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Hot Spot ◽  
Population Migration ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Female Migration ◽  
Regional Center ◽  
Minimum Cluster Size ◽  
Cold Spots ◽  
Pro Tools ◽  
The Given ◽  
Information Basis

The article discusses some aspects of population migration in the territory of the Tyumen region (except autonomous districts). Special attention is paid to studying three levels of migration processes in the territory: - Comparison of population migration in the regional center with migration in the region as a whole. - Finding the typical features of intraregional, interregional, and international migration. - Identification of differences in male and female migration. As an information basis for the study, we used official statistics of municipalities for 6 years (from 2014 to 2019), namely the number of arriving and leaving migrants by gender and by type of migration. Spatial analysis and mapping of the results were performed with the help of ArcGIS Pro tools. Using Getis-Ord Gi * metric (Hot Spot Analysis tool from the Spatial Statistics set), statistically significant spatial clusters of high and low values (hot and cold spots) were identified for the selected indicators. The minimum cluster size was defined as a set of municipalities sharing a common border with the given municipal formation. The paper provides conclusions concerning the identified features of migration processes and outlines directions for further research.

scholarly journals Family Practices and Temporality at Breakfast: Hot Spots, Convenience and Care

Sociology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 003803852110155
Author(s):  
Daniela Pirani ◽  
Vicki Harman ◽  
Benedetta Cappellini
Keyword(s):  
Hot Spots ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Family Meals ◽  
Personal Integrity ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Time Saving ◽  
Family Time ◽  
Dominant Feature ◽  
Family Practices ◽  
Cold Spots

Drawing on 34 semi-structured interviews, this study investigates the temporality of family practices taking place in the hot spot. It does so by looking at how breakfast is inserted in the economy of family time in Italy. Our data show that breakfast, contrary to other meals, allows the adoption of more individualised and asynchronous practices, hinged on the consumption of convenience products. These time-saving strategies are normalised as part of doing family. Although the existing literature suggests that convenience and care are in opposition, and consumers of convenience products can experience anxiety and a lack of personal integrity, such features were not a dominant feature of our participants’ accounts. These findings suggest that the dichotomies of hot/cold spots and care/convenience are not always experienced in opposition when embedded within family practices. Hence, this study furthers understandings of family meals, temporality and the distinction between hot and cold spots.

scholarly journals Getis-Ord Gi* statistics for hydrocarbons content analysis in the Tromjegan river basin

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-160
Author(s):  
Valentina Dobryakova ◽  
Natalya Moskvina ◽  
Andrey Dobryakov ◽  
Lilia Zhegalina ◽  
Ildar Idrisov
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Monitoring ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Environmental Research ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Hydrocarbon Pollution ◽  
Average Maximum

The information content and effectiveness of ecological research of the territory can be improved using the methods of multivariate analysis and mapping of the results. The article presents the analysis and mapping results of spatial and temporal trends of hydrocarbon pollution in the Tromjegan river basin for the period 2006–2018 using the tools of ArcGIS Pro. The informational and basic research is the data of local environmental monitoring of licensed blocks of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug — Ugra. Pollution analysis was carried out on the basis of a detailed study of the geography of the source data using statistical calculations (minimum, average, maximum distances between sampling points, Getis-Ord Gi* index). Thematic maps were constructed using data averaged over the year. The spatial and temporal dynamics of hydrocarbons concentration in surface waters for 2006–2018 is analyzed using the “Hot Spot Analysis” tool. A temporary cluster section of hydrocarbons average annual concentration according to the Getis-Ord Gi* indicator allowed us to identify trends in the dynamics of indicators. Maps of hydrocarbons average annual concentration were compiled and the results of a spatial-temporal analysis of hydrocarbons average annual concentration in surface waters were presented. The identification of patterns in large arrays of long-term data and the consideration of the spatial component are necessary elements of modern environmental research. Analysis of the time series of average annual concentrations in the Tromjegan river basin showed a clear trend in the dynamics of hydrocarbon pollution. The findings can be the basis for making managerial decisions in the environmental monitoring of licensed blocks of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug — Ugra.

scholarly journals Assessing geographic and industry-related trends in bladder cancer in Ontario: A population-based study

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandra Stringer ◽  
Tina Luu Ly ◽  
Nicolas Vanin Moreno ◽  
Christopher Hewitt ◽  
Michael Haan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Screening Guidelines ◽  
Cold Spots ◽  
Statistics Canada

Introduction: Bladder cancer (BC) is the fifth most prevalent cancer in Canada, with 9000 Canadians diagnosed each year.1 While smoking is the most important risk factor, environmental and occupational carcinogens have been found to significantly contribute to BC rates.2 As Canada is highly reliant on natural resource industries, this study seeks to identify geographical and industry-related trends of BC rates in Ontario. Methods: The 1991 and 2001 Canadian Census Health and Environment Cohort (CanCHEC; Statistics Canada) was used, along with individual years of Census data. Maps identifying hot and cold spots for BC within Ontario were generated, and the former were assessed for industry patterns between location and BC rates. Cox proportional hazards models were run for each age cohort to predict the likelihood of developing BC by industry of work. Results: Significant geographical and industrial trends in BC rates were identified. For 1991–2001; hot spots included the Cochrane, Manitoulin, Parry Sound, and Sudbury (90% confidence interval [CI]), and Nipissing and Temiskaming (95% CI) regions. Toronto and York were cold spots. Concurrently, metal (p=0.039), paper and publishing (p=0.0062), and wood and furniture (p<0.0001) industries had increased rates of BC. Notably, these industries had high employment density in our hot spot areas and low density in our cold spots. Conclusions: Significant geographical and industrial BC trends were found in Northern Ontario regions reliant on heavy employment in natural resource-based industries, such as forestry, agriculture, and wood/paper. These findings may inform future screening guidelines and aid in identifying individuals at risk of BC development.

scholarly journals Changes in the Distribution of Temperature in a Coal Deposit and the Composition of Gases Emitted during Its Heating and Cooling

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Więckowski ◽  
Natalia Howaniec ◽  
Eugene Postnikov ◽  
Mirosław Chorążewski ◽  
Adam Smoliński
Keyword(s):  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Hard Coal ◽  
Coal Deposit ◽  
Hazard Indices ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Cooling Phase ◽  
Percentage Share ◽  
The Given

This article presents the results of tests conducted on a measuring system for monitoring changes in the distribution of temperature in a coal deposit during the heating and cooling phases, and their correlation with the analysis of the concentration of gases. The tests were conducted on five samples of hard coal collected in deposits mined in Poland. Measurements of the changes in temperature and changes in gas concentration were conducted from the temperature of 35 to 300 °C, for the heating phase, and from 300 to 35 °C, for the cooling phase. The percentage share of coal of given temperatures was calculated. When comparing the percentage share for the same temperature in the hot spot, for the heating and cooling phase, significant differences in the distribution of the given percentages were observed. Changes in gas concentrations during heating and cooling were analyzed and the dynamics of changes in gas concentrations were determined for the coals tested. Changes in the values of fire hazard indices were analyzed. There were significant differences in the concentration of gases and the values of fire hazard indices between the heating and the cooling phase. The application of different criteria to assess coal during heating and cooling was proposed.

Inverse Design of Cooling of Electronic Chips Subject to Specified Hot Spot Temperature and Coolant Inlet Temperature

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sohail R. Reddy ◽  
George S. Dulikravich
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Heat Transfer Analysis ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Fluid Temperature ◽  
Cooling Fluid ◽  
Pin Fin ◽  
The Given

Most methods for designing electronics cooling schemes do not offer the information on what levels of heat fluxes are maximally possible to achieve with the given material, boundary and operating conditions. Here, we offer an answer to this inverse problem posed by the question below. Given a micro pin-fin array cooling with these constraints: - given maximum allowable temperature of the material, - given inlet cooling fluid temperature, - given total pressure loss (pumping power affordable), and - given overall thickness of the entire electronic component, find out the maximum possible average heat flux on the hot surface and find the maximum possible heat flux at the hot spot under the condition that the entire amount of the inputted heat is completely removed by the cooling fluid. This problem was solved using multi-objective constrained optimization and metamodeling for an array of micro pin-fins with circular, airfoil and symmetric convex cross sections that is removing all the heat inputted via uniform background heat flux and by a hot spot. The goal of this effort was to identify a cooling pin-fin shape and scheme that is able to push the maximum allowable heat flux as high as possible without the maximum temperature exceeding the specified limit for the given material. Conjugate heat transfer analysis was performed on each of the randomly created candidate configurations. Response surfaces based on Radial Basis Functions were coupled with a genetic algorithm to arrive at a Pareto frontier of best trade-off solutions. The Pareto optimized configuration indicates the maximum physically possible heat fluxes for specified material and constraints.

scholarly journals Vista-LA: Mapping methane emitting infrastructure in the Los Angeles megacity

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerie Carranza ◽  
Talha Rafiq ◽  
Isis Frausto-Vicencio ◽  
Francesca Hopkins ◽  
Kristal R. Verhulst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Complex Mixture ◽  
Methane Emissions ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Climate Mitigation ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Oak Ridge ◽  
Methane Source

Abstract. Methane is a potent greenhouse gas (GHG) and a critical target of climate mitigation efforts. However, actionable emission reduction efforts are complicated by large uncertainties in the methane budget at relevant scales. Here, we present Vista, a Geographic Information System (GIS)-based approach to map potential methane emissions sources in greater Los Angeles, an area with a dense, complex mixture of sources. The goal of this work is to provide a database that, together with atmospheric observations, improves methane emissions estimates in urban areas with complex infrastructure. We aggregated methane source location information into three sectors (energy, agriculture, and waste) following the frameworks used by the State of California GHG Inventory and the IPCC Guidelines for GHG Reporting. Geospatial modelling was applied to publicly available datasets to precisely geolocate facilities and infrastructure comprising major anthropogenic methane source sectors. The final database, Vista-Los Angeles (LA), is presented as maps of infrastructure known or expected to emit methane. Vista-LA contains over 33,000 features concentrated on <1% of land area in the region. Currently, Vista-LA is used as a planning and analysis tool for atmospheric measurement surveys of methane sources, particularly for airborne remote sensing, and methane “hot-spot” detection using regional observations. This study represents a first step towards developing an accurate, spatially-resolved methane flux estimate for point sources in California’s South Coast Air Basin (SoCAB), with the potential to address discrepancies between bottom-up and top-down methane emissions accounting. The final Vista-LA datasets and associated metadata have been submitted to the Oak Ridge National Laboratory Distributed Active Archive Center for Biogeochemical Dynamics (ORNL DAAC; https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1525). 

scholarly journals A cloud-based fatigue analysis tool with interactive Neuber’s master curve

2019 ◽  
Vol 300 ◽  
pp. 08006
Author(s):  
Daniel Kujawski
Keyword(s):  
Master Curve ◽  
Educational Software ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Notch Root ◽  
Hysteresis Loops ◽  
Fatigue Analysis ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Life Estimation ◽  
Fatigue Life Estimation ◽  
Notched Components

A cloud-based fatigue analysis and life prediction tool is presented. Users around the globe may access it via Internet by means of multiple platforms such as desktop and laptop computers, tablets and/or smart-phones. It is an intuitive educational software, aimed also to assist designers in the pre-prototyping stage in fatigue life estimation for smooth or notched parts subjected to constant amplitude, block loading, and spectrum loading histories. For spectrum amplitude loading a dedicated spectrum software package is provided, which is essential for a potential clean-up and/or desired modifications of a raw spectrum data. Subsequently, a rainflow method is utilized and the corresponding hysteresis loops at the notch-root or critical “hot spot” location are determined and plotted. For notched components, an interactive Neuber’s master curve is utilized and discussed. It is shown, that the Neubers’s master curve is only material dependent and is applicable for both monotonic and cyclic loading situations.

An interesting fact regarding the Routh table

2009 ◽  
Vol 223 (5) ◽  
pp. 709-711
Author(s):  
R Landers
Keyword(s):  
Technical Note ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Positive Real ◽  
Interesting Fact ◽  
The Given ◽  
Special Case

The Routh table is a powerful analysis tool used to determine how many roots of a given polynomial have negative, zero, and positive real parts. A special case occurs when a row of zeros is encountered. This indicates an even polynomial may be factored from the given polynomial. It is well known that the even polynomial is in the row above the row of zeros. In this technical note it will be shown that the even polynomial may be factored from all of the polynomials in the rows above the row of zeros.

scholarly journals The geno-spatio analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in hot and cold spots of Guangxi, China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dingwen Lin ◽  
Zhezhe Cui ◽  
Virasakdi Virasakdi ◽  
Prasit Palittapongarnpim ◽  
Angkana Chaiprasert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Hot Spots ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Cold Spot ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Spot Area ◽  
H37rv Strain ◽  
Lineage 2 ◽  
Cold Spots ◽  
Genomic Clusters

Abstract Background At present, there are few studies on polymorphism of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) gene and how it affects the TB epidemic. Objective This study aimed to document the differences of polymorphisms between tuberculosis hot and cold spot areas of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China. Methods The cold and hot spot areas, each with 3 counties, had been pre-identified by TB incidence for 5 years from the surveillance database. Whole genome sequencing analysis was performed on all sputum Mtb isolates from the detected cases during January and June 2018. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of each isolate compared to the H37Rv strain were called and used for lineage and sub-lineage identification. Pairwise SNP differences between every pair of isolates were computed. Analyses of Molecular Variance (AMOVA) across counties of the same hot or cold spot area and between the two areas were performed. Results As a whole, 59.8% (57.7% sub-lineage 2.2 and 2.1% sub-lineage 2.1) and 39.8% (17.8% sub-lineage 4.4, 6.5% sub-lineage 4.2 and 15.5% sub-lineage 4.5) of the Mtb strains were Lineage 2 and Lineage 4 respectively. The percentages of sub-lineage 2.2 (Beijing family strains) are significantly higher in hot spots. Through the MDS dimension reduction, the genomic population structure in the three hot spot counties is significantly different from those three cold spot counties (T-test p = 0.05). The median of SNPs distances among Mtb isolates in cold spots was greater than that in hot spots (897 vs 746, Rank-sum test p < 0.001). Three genomic clusters, each with genomic distance ≤ 12 SNPs, were identified with 2, 3 and 4 consanguineous strains. Two clusters were from hot spots and one was from cold spots.Conclusion Narrower genotype diversity in the hot area may indicate higher transmissibility of the Mtb strains in the area compared to those in the cold spot area.

scholarly journals The Influence of Landscape Structure on Wildlife–Vehicle Collisions: Geostatistical Analysis on Hot Spot and Habitat Proximity Relations

2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Lina Galinskaitė ◽  
Alius Ulevičius ◽  
Vaidotas Valskys ◽  
Arūnas Samas ◽  
Peter E. Busher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Landscape Structure ◽  
Hot Spots ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Geostatistical Analysis ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Landscape Elements ◽  
Vehicle Collisions ◽  
Contact Distance

Vehicle collisions with animals pose serious issues in countries with well-developed highway networks. Both expanding wildlife populations and the development of urbanised areas reduce the potential contact distance between wildlife species and vehicles. Many recent studies have been conducted to better understand the factors that influence wildlife–vehicle collisions (WVCs) and provide mitigation methods. Most of these studies examined road density, traffic volume, seasonal fluctuations, etc. However, in analysing the distribution of WVC, few studies have considered a spatial and significant distance geostatistical analysis approach that includes how different land-use categories are associated with the distance to WVCs. Our study investigated the spatial distribution of agricultural land, meadows and pastures, forests, built-up areas, rivers, lakes, and ponds, to highlight the most dangerous sections of roadways where WVCs occur. We examined six potential ‘hot spot’ distances (5–10–25–50–100–200 m) to evaluate the role different landscape elements play in the occurrence of WVC. The near analysis tool showed that a distance of 10–25 m to different landscape elements provided the most sensitive results. Hot spots associated with agricultural land, forests, as well as meadows and pastures, peaked on roadways in close proximity (10 m), while hot spots associated with built-up areas, rivers, lakes, and ponds peaked on roadways farther (200 m) from these land-use types. We found that the order of habitat importance in WVC hot spots was agricultural land < forests < meadows and pastures < built-up areas < rivers < lakes and ponds. This methodological approach includes general hot-spot analysis as well as differentiated distance analysis which helps to better reveal the influence of landscape structure on WVCs.

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