scholarly journals Risk Game: Capturing impact of information quality on human belief assessment and decision making

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 23-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne-Laure Jousselme ◽  
Giuliana Pallotta ◽  
John Locke
Keyword(s):  
Information Quality ◽  
High Ratio ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Maritime Surveillance ◽  
Information Relevance ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Quality Dimensions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Domain Independent

This paper presents the Risk Game, a general methodology to elicit experts’ knowledge and know-how, in their ability to deal with information provided by different types of sources (sensors or humans) of variable quality, to take into account the information quality and to reason about concurrent events. It is a contrived technique capturing data expressing human reasoning features during a specific task of situation assessment. The information is abstracted by cards and its quality, which varies along the three dimensions of uncertainty, imprecision and falseness, is randomly selected by dice roll. The game has been played by experts of maritime surveillance, mostly marine officers from several nations. The Risk Game is domain-independent and can be designed for any specific application involving reasoning with multi-sources. The preliminary results obtained are promising and allow validating the efficiency of the elicitation method in capturing the link between information quality and human belief assessment. Besides the positive feedback collected from the players and their perceived effectiveness of the method, the data effectively capture the impact some specific information quality dimensions on belief assessment. We highlight, for instance, that the relevance of information perceived by the players may differ from the effective information relevance, that a high ratio of false information increases the uncertainty of the player before decision and may lead to wrong decisions, or that the context has a high impact on the decision made. Future extensions of the Risk Game are finally sketched.

Women and Chocolate Advertising: Exposure to Thin Models Exacerbates Ambivalence

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Durkin ◽  
K. Rae
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Exposure Condition ◽  
Approach And Avoidance ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Advertising Exposure ◽  
And Control ◽  
Disordered Eating Patterns ◽  
The Impact ◽  
General Community

Chocolate craving is very common among women. It is known to be associated with ambivalent attitudes and with eating disorders.Aims:The present study investigated the impact of different types of media images (associating the product with thin versus overweight models) on females’ attitudes to chocolate.Method:Eighty-four female participants were recruited from the general community. Age ranged from 17 to 63 years (mean=35). Mean BMI was 23.4. Participants were allocated randomly to one of three conditions: Chocolate with thin models, Chocolate with overweight models, and Control (non-chocolate related products). Groups did not differ on age and BMI. They were assessed before and after exposure using the Orientation to Chocolate Questionnaire, which measures three dimensions of chocolate craving: guilt, approach and avoidance.Results:Participants in the thin exposure condition experienced more guilt and were more likely to report both heightened approach and avoidance of chocolate after exposure. In contrast, participants in the overweight exposure condition had lower guilt and lower approach to chocolate, with no change in avoidance, after exposure. No changes were obtained for the females in the control condition.Conclusion:These findings suggest that viewing thin images in association with chocolate intensifies women's ambivalence towards the product. It is argued that ambivalence is stressful and fosters disordered eating patterns.

scholarly journals The Impact of Focusing on Different Features During Encoding on Young and Older Adults’ Source Memory

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen J. Mitchell ◽  
Erin M. Hill
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Source Memory ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Source Information ◽  
Subjective Experiences ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Types Of Information ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experienced Difficulty

AbstractAge-related source memory deficits result, in part, because young and older adults attend to different information. We asked whether focusing young and older adults‘ attention on specific features at encoding would result in similar subjective experiences of the vividness of the features and how this might affect source memory. Ratings of the vividness of visual detail, emotion, and associations were similar for young and older adults both when they were perceiving pictures and when they were thinking about them after a brief delay. Although young adults had better source memory than older adults, source accuracy did not differ depending on feature attended, and correlations between ratings and source memory showed that focus on the different types of information was equally predictive of source memory accuracy for young and older adults. Although preliminary, the results suggest that when attention is focused on specific information at encoding, young and older adults later use the various categories of source-specifying information similarly in making source attributions. Nevertheless, older adults did worse on the source test, suggesting they had less discriminable source information overall, this information was not well bound, and/or they experienced difficulty in strategic retrieval and monitoring processes.

scholarly journals SEQUENCE OF ELECTRONIC SERVICE QUALITY ON CUSTOMER SATISFACTION

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 10-24
Author(s):  
Fahd AL-Farsi ◽  
Abdullah Basahel
Keyword(s):  
Service Quality ◽  
Qualitative Inquiry ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Customer Relationship ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Quality Factors ◽  
Electronic Service ◽  
Quality Dimensions ◽  
Service Quality Dimensions ◽  
The Impact

This study investigates the impact of electronic service quality dimensions on customers’ satisfaction. Finding indicates that customers are satisfied in three dimensions: information, ease of use and security/privacy while they answer with “Neutral” for the other dimensions: design, reliability and interactivity/personalization which in turns did affect the overall satisfaction. Furthermore, the recommendations of this research were as follows: Organization should give more attention to its e-service quality especially in the three dimensions which did not meet its customer’s expectation which are: interactivity/personalization, design and reliability. However, as the users become more mature, they know exactly what they expect to be e-service quality factors. Therefore, It will be valuable to find out the solutions to reduce failures in firm electronic service quality and fill the gap between what is perceived by the customers view through in depth qualitative inquiry. The solution will include the integration of internal functional departments and external integrations of channel. Nowadays, called customer relationship management (CRM) and supply chain management have become the main factors.

scholarly journals Dimension Specific Technique of Evaluating Service Quality

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 2109-2118
Keyword(s):  
Customer Satisfaction ◽  
Service Quality ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Market Condition ◽  
Cultural Issues ◽  
Quality Dimensions ◽  
Service Quality Dimensions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

In the course of changing business environment and strong antagonism from similar business firms, surviving in the market and to change according to the dynamic business environment have become a challenge for many business firms. The problem becomes more apparent in the context of Banking, where the products are not much differentiated from each other. Providing superior service than one another has become the key tool for surviving and gaining competitive advantage in the service industry since its offering compromise mainly with intangible elements. This research paper intends to provide to understand comprehensively the dimensions of service quality. Service expectations of banks are different from different markets. This research will extend the understanding of service quality due to disparity in market condition and contextual circumstances. Firstly it attempts to evaluate the relationship between service quality and customer satisfaction in the context of Indian retail Banks. Secondly, it assesses the impact of transactional factors on service quality. The present paper endeavored to apply the SERVPERF scale to identify, evaluate and prioritize the most significant consumer’s service quality dimensions. The study is undertaken in the city of Bhubaneswar of Odisha state. To extract significant factors of service quality dimensions, exploratory factor analysis is carried out. Reliability test was employed to verify the instrument to measure service quality.Further multivariate regression analysis is used to evaluate the impact of service quality dimensions on customer satisfaction. Three dimensions namely Tangibles, Reliability, and Responsiveness came out distinctively and revealed a strong relationship with customer satisfaction. Further Linear Regression is employed to analyze the influence of Transaction Factors on Service Quality. Occasional visitors and Saving account holders of the customer group have a significant influence on Service Quality. Many types of research in the past has been carried out to understand the relationship between Customer Satisfaction and Service quality, but then there is a requirement of researches into the dimensionality of service quality, for the reason that of disparity in market condition, contextual circumstances, and cultural issues. Moreover transactional factors are introduced in the research which will add richness in the literatures of service marketing. The finding of the study would also direct the bankers how well they could construct marketing strategies, serve present and prospective customers better for increasing and sustaining in the business

Acquiring Through the Prism of Economic Growth

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 56-63
Author(s):  
В. Мартынов ◽  
V. Martynov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Open Innovation ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Optimal Balance ◽  
Payment Cards ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Key Indicators ◽  
The Impact

This paper examines the impact of acquiring on the growth of the economy and its place in a new technological way. The article illustrates the correlation of GDP from acquiring. The economic effects of acquiring and their influence on the development of open innovation in the modern world are presented. Key indicators and acquiring of payment cards of different types in the dynamics of recent years are analyzed. The author considers sub-optimal balance between the cash and non-cash means of payment and three dimensions to exit this equilibrium.

An exploration of FMCDM approach for evaluating the outcome/success of GSD projects

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arun Sangaiah ◽  
Arun Thangavelu
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Quality Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Partnership Quality ◽  
Project Outcome ◽  
Priority Weights ◽  
Quality Dimensions ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThis study presents a fuzzy multi-criteria decision making (FMCDM) approach for analyzing the influential factors affecting the outcome/success of global software development (GSD) projects. The main aim of this study is to demonstrate the potential of proposed methodology based on FMCDM which is used to measure the offshore/onsite teams’ partnership quality dimensions and underlying the influential factors towards the outcome of GSD projects. The uncertainty and subjective vagueness within the decision making process are dealing with fuzzy linguistic terms quantified in an interval scale [0,1]. The proposed FMDCM framework is used to determine the priority weights of partnership quality factors and rating the GSD project outcome/success from the service provider perspective into three dimensions: service quality, schedule and cost improvement. The predicted GSD project outcome values are obtained to facilitate organization and to determine the impact of offshore/on-site teams’ partnership quality towards success of GSD project outcome otherwise initiate actions to improve the GSD project outcome. This study established survey research method that involves thirty-eight critical influential factors evaluated by twenty software professionals for their assessment of GSD projects outcome in India.

Impact of market-wide versus firm-specific information on financial analysts

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar Farooq
Keyword(s):  
Firm Value ◽  
Stock Price ◽  
Economies Of Scale ◽  
Financial Analysts ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Analyst Coverage ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Types Of Information ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThis paper documents the effect of different types of information on the value of financial analysts.Design/methodology/approachThe authors use the pooled OLS regression and the data of nonfinancial firms from France to test our hypotheses. The data covers the period between 1997 and 2019.FindingsThe results show that analysts are more likely to cover those firms that incorporated greater proportion of market-wide information in their prices. Consistent with the economies of scale view, the authors argue that analysts specialize in the interpretation market-wide information. By doing so, they are able to cover relatively large number of firms simultaneously. The results also show that the value of analyst coverage (measured as the impact of analyst coverage on firm value, probability of stock price crash and probability of stock price jump) is a function of the extent to which different types of information are incorporated in prices. The authors’ results suggest that the impact of analyst coverage on firm value and on probability of crash is less pronounced in firms that incorporate greater proportion of market-wide information. In case of probability of jump, the results show that the impact of analyst coverage is more pronounced firms that incorporate greater proportion of market-wide information.Originality/valueThe major contribution of this paper is to document the impact of different types of information on the extent of analyst coverage. Furthermore, this paper also uses various measures (the impact of analyst coverage on firm value, probability of stock price crash and probability of stock price jump) to show how different types of information affects the value of analyst coverage.

Quota Women Are Threatening to Men

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 107-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klea Faniko ◽  
Till Burckhardt ◽  
Oriane Sarrasin ◽  
Fabio Lorenzi-Cioldi ◽  
Siri Øyslebø Sørensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Perceived Threat ◽  
Preferential Treatment ◽  
Public Sector Employees ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Women In Decision Making ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Two studies carried out among Albanian public-sector employees examined the impact of different types of affirmative action policies (AAPs) on (counter)stereotypical perceptions of women in decision-making positions. Study 1 (N = 178) revealed that participants – especially women – perceived women in decision-making positions as more masculine (i.e., agentic) than feminine (i.e., communal). Study 2 (N = 239) showed that different types of AA had different effects on the attribution of gender stereotypes to AAP beneficiaries: Women benefiting from a quota policy were perceived as being more communal than agentic, while those benefiting from weak preferential treatment were perceived as being more agentic than communal. Furthermore, we examined how the belief that AAPs threaten men’s access to decision-making positions influenced the attribution of these traits to AAP beneficiaries. The results showed that men who reported high levels of perceived threat, as compared to men who reported low levels of perceived threat, attributed more communal than agentic traits to the beneficiaries of quotas. These findings suggest that AAPs may have created a backlash against its beneficiaries by emphasizing gender-stereotypical or counterstereotypical traits. Thus, the framing of AAPs, for instance, as a matter of enhancing organizational performance, in the process of policy making and implementation, may be a crucial tool to countering potential backlash.

Impact of the Locus of Causality and Internal Control on the Social Utility of Causal Explanations

2010 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 173-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha Perrin ◽  
Benoît Testé
Keyword(s):  
Internal Control ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Social Utility ◽  
External Control ◽  
Job Interview ◽  
Locus Of Causality ◽  
Causal Explanations ◽  
Professional Success ◽  
The Social ◽  
Different Types

Research into the norm of internality ( Beauvois & Dubois, 1988 ) has shown that the expression of internal causal explanations is socially valued in social judgment. However, the value attributed to different types of internal explanations (e.g., efforts vs. traits) is far from homogeneous. This study used the Weiner (1979 ) tridimensional model to clarify the factors explaining the social utility attached to internal versus external explanations. Three dimensions were manipulated: locus of causality, controllability, and stability. Participants (N = 180 students) read the explanations expressed by appliants during a job interview. They then described the applicants on the French version of the revised causal dimension scale and rated their future professional success. Results indicated that internal-controllable explanations were the most valued. In addition, perceived internal and external control of explanations were significant predictors of judgments.

The influence of information relevance on the continued influence effect of misinformation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Jin ◽  
Lina Jia ◽  
Xiaojuan Yin ◽  
Shilin Wei ◽  
Guiping Xu
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Personal Involvement ◽  
Influence Effect ◽  
Information Relevance ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Role Of Information

Misinformation often continues to influence people’s cognition even after corrected (the ‘continued influence effect of misinformation’, the CIEM). This study investigated the role of information relevance in the CIEM by questionnaire survey and experimental study. The results showed that information with higher relevance to the individuals had a larger CIEM, indicating a role of information relevance in the CIEM. Personal involvement might explain the effects of information relevance on the CIEM. This study provides insightful clues for reducing the CIEM in different types of misinformation and misinformation with varying relevance.

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