scholarly journals Osteoporosis: Current state of the art

2017 ◽  
Vol 89 (5) ◽  
pp. 90-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
A F Verbovoy ◽  
A V Pashentseva ◽  
L A Sharonova
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Current Strategy ◽  
Current State ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Significant Mortality

As of now, osteoporosis (OP) is one of the most important sociomedical problems because of its high prevalence and resultant disability, as well as significant mortality attributable to complications. The current strategy for providing care for patients of OP is its early diagnosis, by determining the high risk of fractures, and early pathogenetic treatment. The article gives an update on the epidemiology, risk factors, diagnosis, and treatment of OP.

Simulation of HIV Infection Propagation Networks

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfredo Tirado-Ramos ◽  
Chris Kelley
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Model Framework ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Current State ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Risk Infection

Simulating the transmission of HIV requires a model framework that can account for the complex nature of HIV transmission. In this paper the authors present the current state of the art for simulating HIV with agent-based models and highlight some of the significant contributions of current research. The authors then propose opportunities for future work including their plan that involves identifying and monitoring high-risk drug users that can potentially initiate high-risk infection propagation networks.

THYMOSIN IN THE EARLY DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF HIGH RISK HOMOSEXUALS AND HEMOPHILIACS WITH AIDS-LIKE IMMUNE DYSFUNCTION

1984 ◽  
Vol 437 (1 Acquired Immu) ◽  
pp. 88-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul H. Naylor ◽  
Richard S. Schulof ◽  
Marcelo B. Sztein ◽  
Thomas J. Spira ◽  
Paul R. McCurdy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Immune Dysfunction ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment

scholarly journals Assessment and Treatment of Dyslexia - An Overview

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-18
Author(s):  
Evelin Witruk
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Multilevel Model ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Behavioural Disorders ◽  
Performance Deficits ◽  
Reading And Writing ◽  
Current State ◽  
Assessment And Treatment ◽  
Secondary Causes

Assessment and Treatment of Dyslexia - An Overview This article will overview the current state-of-the-art of the different methods of assessment and treatment of dyslexia. On the basis of the modification and extension of the multilevel model of Valtin (1989, modified by Witruk, 1993) the methods were discussed regarding their main aims. Assessment and treatment methods were described regarding the primary causes (biological risk factors), secondary causes (partial performance deficits), primary symptoms (reading and writing failures) and regarding the secondary symptoms (emotional and behavioural disorders). Alternative methods are discussed.

scholarly journals Aggressive Posterior Retinopathy of Prematurity (AP-ROP)

2018 ◽  
pp. 63-68
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Laser Treatment ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Posterior Pole ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Preterm Babies

Aggressive retinopathy of prematurity (AP-ROP) has subtle clinical findings that may preclude early diagnosis and treatment. Premature infants with AP-ROP have a progressive clinical course and may benefit from early laser treatment. Although subjective in nature, plus disease, and any posterior pole changes especially at the border of the vascular and avascular retina should be carefully evaluated, keeping AP-ROP in mind in especially high-risk preterm babies.

scholarly journals Comparison of the accuracy of diagnoses of oral potentially malignant disorders with dysplasia by a general dental clinician and a specialist using the Taiwanese Nationwide Oral Mucosal Screening Program

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0244740
Author(s):  
Tien-En Chiang ◽  
Yu-Chun Lin ◽  
Chi-Tsung Wu ◽  
Cheng-Yu Yang ◽  
Sheng-Tang Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Potentially Malignant Disorders ◽  
Potentially Malignant ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgeon

Screening for oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) with dysplasia in high-risk groups is suggested in countries with a high prevalence of the disorders. This study aimed to compare the accuracy of diagnoses of OPMDs with dysplasia made by a primary examiner (general dental clinician) and a specialist (oral and maxillofacial surgeon) using the current Taiwanese Nationwide Oral Mucosal Screening Program (TNOMSP). A total of 134 high-risk participants were enrolled for oral mucosal screening via the TNOMSP. A primary examiner and a specialist examined each participant. Mucosal biopsies were obtained and subjected to histopathological analysis. The OPMD most frequently diagnosed by the primary examiner was thin homogeneous leukoplakia (48/134; 35.8%), and in 39/134 participants (29.1%) the diagnosis was uncertain, but abnormalities were suggested. The OPMDs most frequently diagnosed by the specialist were erythroleukoplakia (23/134; 17.2%) and thin homogeneous leukoplakia (21/134; 15.7%), and 51/134 participants (38.1%) were diagnosed with other diseases. Via histopathology, 70/134 participants (52.3%) were diagnosed with dysplasia, and 58/134 (43.3%) were diagnosed with benign conditions. The specialist’s diagnoses exhibited a higher specificity, positive predictive value, and accuracy than the primary examiners. A specialist using the current TNOMSP for high-risk participants diagnosed OPMDs with dysplasia more accurately than a primary examiner. Early diagnosis of high-risk OPMDs is crucial in countries with a high prevalence of the disorders. Proficient examination via the current TNOMSP by trained clinician is effective for the management of OPMDs with dysplasia.

scholarly journals Cause Analysis and Diagnosis and Treatment of Intestinal Fistulas After Ultrasound-Guided Microwave Ablation of Abdominopelvic Lesions

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuilian Tan ◽  
Xiaoling Yu ◽  
Zhigang Cheng ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Jie Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Clinical Data ◽  
Microwave Ablation ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Ultrasound Guided ◽  
Cause Analysis ◽  
High Risk Factors ◽  
Intestinal Fistulas

Objective: To determine the cause and high-risk factors for the development of intestinal fistulas (IFs) after ultrasound-guided microwave ablation (MA) of abdominopelvic lesions, and to identify effective prophylactic and therapeutic actions.Methods: Clinical data were collected from patients with an IF after ultrasound-guided MA of abdominopelvic lesions in our hospital from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2018. The cause, diagnosis, and treatment of IFs in these patients were analyzed.Results: Among 8,969 patients who underwent ultrasound-guided MA of abdominopelvic lesions, eight patients developed IF after MA, Seven patients were discharged after being cured and one died.Conclusion: Abdominopelvic lesions are close to the intestines, so histories of surgery, radiotherapy, and abdominopelvic infection are high-risk factors for IF development after MA of these lesions. Surgical treatment should be provided as soon as an IF is identified.

scholarly journals Screening for High Risk of Sleep Apnea in an Ambulatory Care Setting in Saudi Arabia

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adeel Ahmad ◽  
Geraldine McLeod ◽  
Nada Al Zahrani ◽  
Haneen Al Zahrani
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Care Setting ◽  
Berlin Questionnaire ◽  
Ambulatory Care Setting ◽  
High Prevalence

Sleep apnea is a potentially serious but under-diagnosed sleep disorder. Saudi Arabia has a high prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and smoking, which are all major risk factors for sleep apnea. However, few studies report screening for sleep apnea in Saudi Arabia. A three-month prospective, questionnaire-based study, using the Berlin Questionnaire (BQ) and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), screened 319 patients attending a family medicine clinic in Saudi Arabia for risk of sleep apnea. The results showed that when using the BQ and the ESS, 95 (29.8%) and 102 (32.0%) respondents were at high risk of sleep apnea. Taken together, the BQ and the ESS combined measure showed that 41 (12.9%) respondents were classified as high risk for sleep apnea. Logistic regression revealed that the high risk of sleep apnea was statistically significantly (p < 0.05) associated with respondent characteristics of obesity and hypertension. No associations were found between high risk for sleep apnea and: Smoking, diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism or hyperlipidemia. Screening for sleep apnea using the BQ and ESS questionnaires, particularly among those who are obese or hypertensive, can be a fast, valid and acceptable way of alerting the physician to this disorder among patients.

Galactosaemia

1987 ◽  
Vol 5 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 175-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
L B. Sardharwalla ◽  
J. E. Wraith
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Mental Development ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Biochemical Genetics ◽  
Classical Galactosaemia ◽  
Eventual Outcome ◽  
Very High

This paper reviews galactosaemia and describes the experience of the Willink Biochemical Genetics Unit in the management of classical galactosaemia. Galactokinase and UDPgalactose-4-epimerase deficiency are dealt with briefly. The former disorder is readily treated with a galactose free diet and if this is started early in life, the only complication, cataracts, is avoided. Epimerase deficiency is a relatively ‘new’ disorder and little is known about the eventual outcome of affected patients. Early observations suggest that the prognosis is likely to be poor even in those patients diagnosed and treated soon after birth. Classical galactosaemia leads to a number of long term complications. The prognosis for normal mental development in affected patients is poor. Unfortunately this does not appear to be reversible by early diagnosis and treatment and whilst every effort should be made to establish an early diagnosis our experience suggests that there is no difference in the ultimate mental development between those who are detected within the first two weeks of life and those before the age of six weeks. In addition female homozygotes are at a very high risk of developing ovarian failure at an early age.

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