scholarly journals Public Danger of a Person as a Basis for Applying Compulsory Medical Measures

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 426-433
Author(s):  
Alexander Shesler ◽  
Alexandra Vaselovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Hospital ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Court Decisions ◽  
Compulsory Treatment ◽  
The Public

The authors argue that the danger posed by a person, used by the court as a basis for authorizing compulsive medical measures, should be considered to be public danger because this person could commit a new infringement on public relations protected by criminal law. The analysis of the practice of court decisions on compulsory medical measures in 2010–2020 in Tomsk and Novosibirsk Regions is use to develop criteria for determining the content of public danger posed by such a person. These criteria are the features of a publicly dangerous act that has already been committed (its focus on relations protected by criminal law, the degree on harm inflicted on these relations, the number of previously committed identical or similar acts), as well as the symptoms of a mental disorder which testify that a person has got a violent, mercenary or violent-mercenary motivation. The differentiation of compulsory medical measures applied to a person is based on the degree of public danger that this person poses. It is suggested that the probability of a person’s committing a new publicly dangerous act with a violent or mercenary-violent motivation should be viewed as a basis for sending that person to a psychiatric hospital for compulsory treatment. As for using this treatment for persons who are likely to commit new publicly dangerous act with a mercenary motivation, it is suggested that the decision should depend on the regularity of committing actions with such a motivation because the public danger is posed not so much by the gravity of the action as by its repeat character.

The Mechanism for Imposing Punishment as a Tool for Implementing the Principle of Justice

2020 ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
Vadim D. Filimonov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Antisocial Behavior ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Phenomenon ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Principle Of Justice

The article examines justice as a principle of law and as criminal principle of justice as a principle of compensated justice. The measure of justice in punishment is mainly the correspondence of the punishment to the public danger of the committed crime, i.e. a certain equality of harm caused by criminals to other persons, society or the state, and the severity of the punishment imposed on them. The author argues that a court that follows the principle of justice in imposing punishments has to establish two types of genetic correspondence. The first type is the correspondence of the criminal behavior, circumstances of the crime and the culprit’s personality to the public danger of the criminal’s personality as a criminological basis for imposing punishment. This correspondence employs the genesis of criminal behavior to substantiate the imposed punishment. The rejection of this correspondence could lead to a misconception about the nature and degree of social danger of the perpetrator’s personality as well as an unreasonable type and amount of punishment for the committed crime. The second type consists in the compliance of the type and amount of punishment with the grounds for its imposition ˗the social need to oppose antisocial behavior and personality traits of the guilty person with such a punishment that meets the interests of law-abiding citizens, society, and the state, that is, a social phenomenon that embodies the genesis of criminal law regulation of public relations. The author claims that that it is necessary to identify not only the above-mentioned types of genetic and other correspondences in the mechanism of imposing a punishment, but also take into account the correspondence in terms of proportionality, especially when it comes to the compliance of the punishment with the gravity of the crime committed. Having analyzed all types of correspondences in the mechanism of punishment imposition, the author concludes that since the indicated types of orrespondences in the system of punishment imposition determine the activity of the court, insofar they act as its regulators. The ability to regulate the activities of the court turns their entire set into an instrument for introducing the principle of justice into punishment. Therefore, the mechanism for imposing punishment manifests itself in the process of regulating criminal law relations as a legal instrument for implementing the principle of justice in punishment.

scholarly journals On interaction between prosecutors and specialists in the exercise of powers to detect violations of laws outside the criminal law sphere

2021 ◽  
pp. 49-57
Author(s):  
Darina Viktorovna Kocheva
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Law Enforcement Officers ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Right

The subject of this research is the public relations established in exercising of such a power by the prosecutor on detection of violations of laws outside the criminal law sphere as the right to demand from the policy makers and other officials “supervised” to the prosecutor's office the allocation of specialists. Findings of the experts in the material form are in demand among the law enforcement officers in different spheres of social life, including due to their evidentiary potential. The relevance of this research is defined by the fact that the scholars and practicing legal experts have accumulated a range of questions to the legal status of a specialist in the Russian legislation, which also pertains to the prosecutor's activity. The novelty consists in the author’s substantiation of the need to improve legal regulation of the corresponding legal relations based on comparison of the norms that regulate the mechanism of cooperation between specialists and prosecutors in supervision by the latter of compliance with laws, rights and freedoms of human and citizens, analysis of theoretical groundwork on the topic, and personal practical experience in the prosecutor's office. The article reveals the gaps in the existing legal regulation. This work may be valuable for the practitioners of the prosecutor's office, as well as bodies “supervised” to the prosecutor's office, scholars in the area of prosecutor's activity, legal experts, students, and postgraduates.

scholarly journals Social conditionality of protection of the order of execution of court decisions

1970 ◽  
pp. 359-364
Author(s):  
Kostіantyn Yusubov
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Criminal Responsibility ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Court Decision ◽  
Access To Justice ◽  
Court Decisions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Systemic Nature ◽  
Criminal Protection

The article deals with the social conditionality of the criminal and legal protection of the enforcement of court decisions. The grounds and principles of setting up criminal responsibility for not fulfilling court decision are being investigated. The grounds of setting up criminal responsibility for not fulfilling court decision were researched on the light of different theories of criminalization. One of them proceeds from its understanding as an integral part of criminal law policy. According other theory criminalization is a system of crimes that are written in the criminal law also as result of legislative activity of the state. Based on the above, it can be concluded that, regardless of the chosen theoretical model of criminalization of action, the social conditionality of criminal protection of non-enforcement of a court decision is characterized by all the characteristics that lead to the conclusion that it is appropriate to criminalize such behavior. The main factors (grounds, criteria) of criminalizing the non-enforcement of a court decision include: 1) socially dangerous of behavior that encroaches on the authority of justice, since the execution of a court decision is one of the guarantees of access to justice; 2) the widespread prevalence of this socially dangerous behavior that gave rise to ECHR finding of the systemic nature of non-enforcement of judgments in Ukraine; 3) the need to fulfill the international obligations arising from the membership of Ukraine in the Council of Europe and the recognition of the jurisdiction of the ECHR, which leads to the implementation of general measures. These factors determine the need to influence the public relations by criminal law measures, however, taking into account the principle of saving criminal repression.

Legal nature of compulsory medical measures: criminal legal and criminal executive aspects

2019 ◽  
pp. 18-29
Author(s):  
Александра Викторовна Васеловская
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Compulsory Treatment ◽  
Security Measures ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Legal Nature

Предметом рассмотрения в настоящей статье стали общественные отношения, возникающие в связи с применением предусмотренных уголовным законом принудительных мер медицинского характера. Основной задачей автора в рамках заявленного предмета стало выявление правовой природы принудительных мер медицинского характера. В процессе работы над статьей были использованы как общенаучные (анализ, синтез), так и частнонаучные методы исследования (формально-юридический, логико-языковой). Посредством применения указанных методов был проведен комплексный анализ представленных на современном этапе развития науки уголовного права подходов к определению правовой природы принудительных мер медицинского характера. Исследование показало, что на сегодняшний день в юридической науке сформировалось несколько позиций относительно определения правовой природы принудительного лечения (медико-юридические меры, меры безопасности, один из видов «иных мер уголовно-правового характера»). По мнению автора, представленные подходы не позволяют в полной мере уяснить суть принудительных мер медицинского характера и определить их место среди иных мер, предусмотренных Уголовным кодексом РФ. В статье обосновывается позиция, согласно которой принудительные меры медицинского характера не однородны по своей правовой природе. Принудительное лечение, применяемое в качестве самостоятельной меры в отношении невменяемых, не является уголовной ответственностью и не может выступать «иной мерой уголовно-правового характера», устанавливаемой за совершение преступления. В свою очередь, принудительные меры медицинского характера, назначаемые ограничено вменяемым лицам наряду с наказанием, отнесены к уголовной ответственности и определены автором в качестве некарательной формы ее реализации. С учетом представленных выводов в статье обосновывается позиция, согласно которой выявление правовой природы принудительных мер медицинского характера позволяет выработать механизм разграничения между собой уголовно-исполнительных и административных аспектов реализации принудительного лечения. The subject of this article is the public relations arising in connection with the application of compulsory medical measures. The main task of the author was to identify the legal nature of compulsory medical measures. In the process of work on the article there were used both general scientific methods (analysis, synthesis) and private scientific methods (formal-legal, logical-language methods). Using these methods, the author conducted a comprehensive analysis of the approaches presented at the present stage of development of the science of criminal law to determine the legal nature of compulsory medical measures. The study showed that today the legal science has formed several positions to determine the legal nature of compulsory treatment (medical and legal measures, security measures, one of the types of "other measures of criminal law nature"). According to the author, the presented approaches do not allow to understand the essence of compulsory medical measures and to determine their place among other measures established by the Criminal code of the Russian Federation. The article substantiates the position according to which compulsory medical measures are not uniform in their legal nature. Compulsory treatment, used as an independent measure in relation to the insane, is not a criminal liability and cannot be “other measure of criminal law nature”, established for the commission of a crime. In turn, compulsory medical measures, imposed on limited sane persons along with punishment, are criminalized and identified by the author as a non-punitive form of its implementation. The article substantiates the position according to which the identification of the legal nature of compulsory medical measures allows to develop a mechanism for distinguishing between criminal-executive and administrative aspects of the implementation of compulsory treatment.

PUBLIC RELATIONS IN ARMENIAN STATE ADMINISTRATION AND BANKING SYSTEM

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-188
Author(s):  
A. Avetisyan
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Public Relations ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Mutual Understanding ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Public ◽  
State Administration ◽  
Or Organization ◽  
Government Institution

Benevolent relations between each government institution, company or organization and its publicity are provided by Public Relations specialists. They try to provide public with information, based on the real facts, which lead to the establishment and maintenance ofthe benevolent relations and mutual understanding. Taking into consideration the fact, companies and organizations generate relevant departments, responsible for communication with Mass media and the public. These departments take responsibility for making the organization presentative, for publicity and transparent work. The aim of the research is to identify the opportunities, weaknesses and achievements of Public relations in Armenian Banking System and State Administration.

The impact of the new media on public relations in the public administration in Kurdistan Region

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 268-288
Author(s):  
Dlan Ismail Mawlud ◽  
Hoshyar Mozafar Ali
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
New Media ◽  
Public Relations ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Management System ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Kurdistan Region ◽  
The Public ◽  
Government Institutions ◽  
The Impact

The development of technology, information technology and various means of communication have a significant impact on public relations activity; especially in government institutions. Many government institutions have invested these means in their management system, in order to facilitate the goals of the institution, and ultimately the interaction between the internal and external public. In this theoretical research, I tried to explain the impact of the new media on public relations in the public administration, based on the views of specialists. The aim of the research is to know the use of the new media of public relations and how in the system of public administration, as well as, Explaining the role it plays in public relations activities of government institutions. Add to this, analyzing the way of how new media and public relations participate in the birth of e-government. In the results, it is clear that the new media has facilitated public relations between the public and other institutions, as it strengthened relations between them

The Specific Features of Public Relations Maintained by Libraries, Acting as Cultural Institutions

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-152
Author(s):  
Radosław Molenda
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Public Relations ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Cultural Institutions ◽  
Negative Stereotypes ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Public Consciousness ◽  
Significant Question

Showing the specificity of the work of the contemporary library, and the variety of its tasks, which go far beyond the lending of books. The specificity of the library’s public relations concerning different aspects of its activity. The internal and external functions of the library’s public relations and their specificity. The significant question of motivating the social environment to use the offer of libraries, and simulta-neously the need to change the negative perception of the library, which discourages part of its poten-tial users from taking advantage of its services. The negative stereotypes of librarians’ work perpetuated in the public consciousness and their harmful character. The need to change the public relations of libra-ries and librarians with a view to improving the realization of the tasks they face. Showing the public relations tools which may serve to change the image of librarians and libraries with particular emphasis on social media. This article is a review article, highlighting selected research on the librarian’s stereo-type and suggesting actions that change the image of librarians and libraries.

Strategi Humas Partai Gerindra dalam Membangun Citra Partai pada Pemilu 2014

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rialdo Rezeky ◽  
Muhammad Saefullah
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Public Relations ◽  
Media Relations ◽  
Executive Board ◽  
The Public ◽  
Community Or ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Main Components ◽  
The Right ◽  
Participatory Observation

The approach of this research is qualitative and descriptive. In this study those who become the subject of research is an informant (key figure). The subject of this study is divided into two main components, consisting of internal public and external public that is from the Board of the Central Executive Board of Gerindra Party, Party Cadres, Observers and Journalists. The object of this research is the behavior, activities and opinions of Gerindra Party Public Relation Team. In this study used data collection techniques with interviews, participatory observation, and triangulation of data. The results of this study indicate that the Public Relations Gerindra has implemented strategies through various public relations programs and establish good media relations with the reporters so that socialization goes well. So also with the evaluation that is done related to the strategy of the party. The success of Gerindra Party in maintaining the party’s image in Election 2014 as a result of the running of PR strategy and communication and sharing the right type of program according to the characteristics of the voting community or its constituents.Keywords: PR Strategy, Gerindra Party, Election 2014

The Legal Framework of Islamic Criminal Law in Aceh with refer-ence to Application, Challenges and Way Forward (Kerangka undang-undang jenayah Islam di Aceh merujuk kepada aplikasi, cabaran dan jalan kehadapan)

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 300-314
Author(s):  
Ramizah Wan Muhammad ◽  
Khairunnasriah Abdul Salam ◽  
Afridah Abbas ◽  
Nasimah Hussin
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Law ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
The Public ◽  
Banking And Finance ◽  
Procedural Law ◽  
Legal Administration ◽  
Criminal Matters ◽  
And Training

Aceh is a special province in Indonesia and different from other Indonesian provinces especially in the context of Shari'ah related laws. Aceh was granted special autonomy and legal right by the Indonesian central government in 2001 to fully apply Islamic law in the province. Generally, Islamic law which is applicable to Muslims in Indonesia is limited to personal laws just as in Malaysia. However, with the passage of time, Islamic law has expanded to include Islamic banking and finance. Besides that, Islamic law in Aceh is also extended to govern criminal matters which are in line with the motto of Aceh Islamic government to apply Islamic law in total or kaffah. Since 1999, the legal administration of Aceh has begun to gradually put in place the institutional framework to ensure that Islamic law is properly administered and implemented. Equally important, such framework is also aimed to ensure that punishments are fairly executed. This paper attempts to analyse the extent of the applicability of Islamic criminal law in Aceh. It is divided into three major parts. The first part discusses the phases in making Aceh an Islamic province and the roles played by Dinas Syariat Islam Aceh as the policy maker in implementing Islamic law as well as educating and training the public about the religion of Islam. The second part gives an overview on the Islamic criminal law and punishment provided in Qanun Aceh No.6/2014 on Hukum Jinayat (hereinafter Qanun Hukum Jinayat or “QHJ”) as well as the criminal procedural law concerning the methods of proof codified in Qanun Aceh No.7/2013 on Hukum Acara Jinayat (hereinafter “QAJ”). The third part of this paper highlights the challenges in the application and implementation of Islamic criminal law in Aceh, and accordingly provides recommendations for the improvement of the provisions in the QHJ and QAJ. Inputs from the interviews with the drafters of QHJ, namely Prof. Dr. Hamid Sarong and Prof. Dr Al Yasa are utilized in preparing this paper. In addition, inputs gathered from nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), namely Indonesian Syarie Lawyers Association (APSI) and Jaringan Masyarakat Sipil Peduli Syariah (JMSPS) are employed. The findings of this research are important in providing an in-depth understanding on the framework of Islamic criminal law in Aceh as well as in recognizing the flaws in its application or practical aspects of the law in Aceh. Keywords: Islamic law, Aceh, Administration, Punishment. Abstrak Aceh merupakan sebuah Wilayah Istimewa di Indonesia dibandingkan dengan wilayah-wilayah lain dari segi pelaksanaan undang-undang Islam. Aceh diberi status Wilayah Istimewa yang berautonomi oleh Pemerintah Pusat Indonesia pada tahun 2001 untuk melaksanakan undang-undang Islam secara menyeluruh. Pemakaian dan pelaksanaan undang-undang Islam di Aceh tidak terhad pada Undang-undang jenayah tetapi telah meliputi bidang perbankan dan kewangan Islam. Sejak tahun 1999, Pentadbiran Undang-undang Aceh telah merangka undang-undang bagi memastikan undang-undang Islam dapat ditadbir dan dilaksanakan dengan baik. Selain itu juga, undang-undang yang dirangka juga turut bertujuan untuk memastikan hukuman yang berasaskan undang-undang Islam dapat dilaksanakan secara adil. Oleh itu, kajian dalam kertas kerja ini dibuat uuntuk menganalisa sejauh mana undang-undang jenayah Islam dilaksanakan di Aceh. Kertas ini terbahagi kepada tiga bahagan utama, yang mana bahagian pertama membincangkan latas belakang awal kewujudan wilayah Islam Aceh dan peranan yang dimainkan oleh Dinas Syariat Islam Aceh sebagai mpembuat dasar dalam pelaksanaan undang-undang Islam, mendidik serta menyediakan latihan kepada masyarakat umum di Aceh mengenai Islam. Bahagian kedua menyediakan gambaran umum tentang undang-undang jenayah dan hukuman dalam Islam sebagaimana termaktub dalam Qanun Aceh No.6/2014 berkenaan Hukum Jinayat (“Qanun Hukum Jinayat” atau “QHJ”) serta undang-undang prosedur jenayah berkenaan cara pembuktiaan jenayah sebagaimana yag termaktub dalam Qanun Aceh No.7/2013 berkenaan Hukum Acara Jinayat (“QAJ”). Bahagian ketiga kertas ini menekankan masalah atau cabaran yang dihadapi daam pelaksanaan undang-undang jenayah Islam di Aceh, serta menyediakan cadangan-cadangan bagi penambahbaikan peruntukan-peruntukan yang ada dalam QHJ dan QAJ. Maklumat hasil dari temuramah dengan Prof. Dr. Hamid Sarong dan Prof. Dr Al Yasa telah digunakan bagi menyiapkan makalah ini. Selain itu, maklumat yang diperolehi daripada organisasi bukan kerajaan iaitu Indonesian Syarie Lawyers Association (APSI) dan Jaringan Masyarakat Sipil Peduli Syariah (JMSPS) turut dimanfaatkan. Dapatan dari kajian ini penting bagi menyediakan kefahaman terhadap kerangka undang-undang jenayah Islam di Aceh serta mengenal pasti masalah dalam aspek peruntukan undang-undang tersebut atau pelaksanaannya di Aceh. Kata Kunci: Undang-undang Islam, Aceh, Pentadbiran, Hukuman.

Waldpolitischer Jahresrückblick 2014

2015 ◽  
Vol 166 (4) ◽  
pp. 238-245
Author(s):  
Willi Zimmermann ◽  
Kathrin Steinmann ◽  
Eva Lieberherr
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Forest Policy ◽  
Federal Court ◽  
Annual Review ◽  
Forest Sector ◽  
Court Decisions ◽  
The Public ◽  
Forest Law ◽  
Council Of State

Annual review of Swiss forest policy 2014 Swiss forest policy in 2014 was marked by the passage of the Federal Council's message and draft of an amendment of the Forest Law, which was also treated by the Council of State's Commission for Environment, Spatial Planning and Energy and by the Council of State itself. This revision affects more than 20 articles of the current Forest Law. Despite these numerous alterations, the revision has not caused major debates. The forest-relevant parliamentary interventions decreased drastically in 2014, but since the beginning of 2015 a countertrend is notable. The forest budget remained practically the same as in previous years. The number of federal court decisions in relation to the forest sector has stayed small. Yet there are increasingly significant cantonal court decisions in this domain. In terms of broader forest policy, the public administration has mainly undertaken new standpoints regarding spatial planning and energy policies.

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