scholarly journals Characterisation of semi-volatile hydrocarbon emissions from diesel engines

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Mahlangu ◽  
Paul Schaberg ◽  
Mark Wattrus ◽  
Patricia Forbes
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Limited Range ◽  
Photochemical Smog ◽  
Diesel Fuels ◽  
Diesel Vehicles ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gc X Gc ◽  
Hc Emissions

Exhaust emissions from diesel vehicles have recently been receiving global attention, due to potential human health effects associated with exposure to emitted pollutants. In addition, a link has recently been established between unburnt hydrocarbon (HC) emissions from diesel engines and photochemical smog. Despite being present at very low concentrations in the exhaust, these HCs may act as precursors in the formation of photochemical smog pollution. While short-chain HCs are easier to characterise and have been successfully reduced in many developed cities, longer chain HCs, most likely arising from diesel exhaust emissions, have been poorly quantified and to date, a limited range of HCs from this source has been studied. In this study, transient cycle tests were conducted to collect exhaust emissions from a Euro 3 compliant, 1.6 L test engine fuelled with three diesel fuels (SAM10, PAR10, and EUR10), using portable denuder samplers which were analysed by thermal desorption-comprehensive 2D gas chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometry (TD-GC x GC-TofMS). The SAM10 diesel had the greatest n-alkane emissions with greater emissions observed in the earlier phases (low and medium phase) of the WLTC test cycle. PAR10 diesel had the second highest n-alkane emissions and EUR10 had the lowest n-alkane emissions amongst the three fuels. Substituted alkyl-benzenes were also detected in the gas phase emissions from each fuel. The results showed that long-chain HCs were present at easily detectable concentrations in diesel engine exhaust emissions, which is critical in understanding their contribution to photochemical ozone and informing appropriate mitigation and management strategies.

scholarly journals Investigation on Physicochemical Properties of Wastewater Grown Microalgae Methyl Ester and its Effects on CI Engine

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Tayari ◽  
Reza Abedi ◽  
Ali Abedi
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Emissions Reduction ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Main Fatty Acid ◽  
Ci Engine ◽  
Hc Emissions ◽  
A Minor

AbstractMicroalgae have been mentioned as a promising feedstock for biodiesel production. In this study, microalgae Chlorella vulgaris (MCV) was cultivated in a bioreactor with wastewater. After biodiesel production from MCV oil via transesterification reaction, chemical and physical properties of MCV methyl ester were evaluated with regular diesel and ASTM standard. Besides, engine performance and exhaust emissions of CI engine fuelled with the blends of diesel-biodiesel were measured. The GC-MS analysis showed that oleic and linoleic acids were the main fatty acid compounds in the MCV methyl ester. Engine test results revealed that the use of biodiesel had led to a major decrease in CO and HC emissions and a modest reduction in CO2 emissions, whereas there was a minor increase in NOx emissions. Furthermore, there was a slight decrease in the engine power and torque while a modest increase in brake specific fuel consumption which are acceptable due to exhaust emissions reduction. The experimental results illustrate considerable capabilities of applied MVC biodiesel as an alternative fuel in diesel engines to diminish the emissions.

A novel bio-nano emulsion fuel based on biodegradable nanoparticles to improve diesel engines performance and reduce exhaust emissions

2018 ◽  
Vol 125 ◽  
pp. 64-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehsanollah Ettefaghi ◽  
Barat Ghobadian ◽  
Alimorad Rashidi ◽  
G. Najafi ◽  
Mohammad Hadi Khoshtaghaza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Biodegradable Nanoparticles ◽  
Nano Emulsion

Giving Standard Diesel Fuels Premium Performance Using Oxygen-Enriched Air in Diesel Engines

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. R. Desai ◽  
E. Gaynor ◽  
H. C. Watson ◽  
G. R. Rigby
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Diesel Fuels

Intake-Air Oxygen-Enrichment of Diesel Engines as a Power Enhancement Method and Implications on Pollutant Emissions

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodoros C. Zannis ◽  
Dimitrios T. Hountalas ◽  
Elias A. Yfantis ◽  
Roussos G. Papagiannakis ◽  
Yiannis A. Levendis
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Investigation ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Equivalence Ratio ◽  
Combustion Efficiency ◽  
Oxygen Enrichment ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Particulate Emissions ◽  
Engine Simulation ◽  
Hc Emissions ◽  
Experimental Findings

Increasing the in-cylinder oxygen availability of diesel engines is an effective method to improve combustion efficiency and to reduce particulate emissions. Past work on oxygen-enrichment of the intake air, revealed a large decrease of ignition delay, a remarkable decrease of soot emissions as well as reduction of CO and unburned hydrocarbon (HC) emissions while, brake specific fuel consumption (bsfc) remained unaffected or even improved. Moreover, experiments conducted in the past by authors revealed that oxygen-enrichment of the intake air (from 21% to 25% oxygen mole fraction) under high fuelling rates resulted to an increase of brake power output by 10%. However, a considerable increase of NOx emissions was recorded. This manuscript, presents the results of a theoretical investigation that examines the effect of oxygen enrichment of intake air, up to 30%v/v, on the local combustion characteristics, soot and NO concentrations under the following two in-cylinder mixing conditions: (1) lean in-cylinder average fuel/oxygen equivalence ratio (constant fuelling rate) and (2) constant in-cylinder average fuel/oxygen equivalence ratio (increased fuelling rate). A phenomenological engine simulation model is used to shed light into the influence of the oxygen content of combustion air on the distribution of combustion parameters, soot and nitric oxide inside the fuel jet, in all cases considered. Simulations were made for a naturally aspirated single-cylinder DI diesel engine “Lister LV1” at 2500 rpm and at various engine loads. The outcome of this theoretical investigation was contrasted with published experimental findings.

Study on Combustion and Emission Characteristics of Diesel Engines Using Ethanol Blended Diesel Fuels

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bang-Quan He ◽  
Jian-Xin Wang ◽  
Xiao-Guang Yan ◽  
Xin Tian ◽  
Hu Chen
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Diesel Fuels

scholarly journals SYNTHESIS OF CYCLOCARBINOL AND CYCLOCARBINOLATE DERIVATIVES OF CYMANTRENE AND THEIR ANTI-SMOKE EFFECTIVENESS FOR DIESEL FUELS

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (31) ◽  
pp. 147-155
Author(s):  
Esmira A GULIYEVA ◽  
Zaur H GURBANOV ◽  
Yadigar A JABIYEV ◽  
Fikret SHEKILIYEV ◽  
Gulmamed Z SULEIMANOV ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metal Complexes ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Single Stage ◽  
Comparative Data ◽  
Basic Process ◽  
Diesel Fuels ◽  
Synthesis Technique ◽  
Diesel Vehicles ◽  
Stage Synthesis ◽  
Derivatives Of

The results of the development of synthesis technique of cyclocarbinol derivatives of cymantrene and the production of relevant barium cyclocarbinolate metal complexes – new, advanced anti-smoke additives were presented. Comparative data on the anti-smoke effectiveness of synthesized compounds and known antismoke additives for diesel fuels were also presented. Established, results of the development of a single-stage synthesis method of cyclocarbinol derivatives of cymantrene can be assumed as a basic process for producing high-effective anti-smoke additives to diesel fuels that comply with the requirements of ecology in operation of diesel vehicles.

Real-world exhaust emissions and fuel consumption for diesel vehicles fueled by waste cooking oil biodiesel blends

2018 ◽  
Vol 191 ◽  
pp. 249-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianbao Shen ◽  
Jiacheng Shi ◽  
Xinyue Cao ◽  
Xin Zhang ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Real World ◽  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Biodiesel Blends ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Diesel Vehicles

A Comprehensive Review on Low-Temperature Combustion Technologies for Emission Reduction in Diesel Engines

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit Jhalani ◽  
Dilip Sharma ◽  
Pushpendra Kumar Sharma ◽  
Digambar Singh ◽  
Sumit Jhalani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Low Temperature Combustion ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Lean Burn ◽  
Performance And Emissions ◽  
Temperature Combustion ◽  
Hc Emissions ◽  
Ci Engines

Diesel engines are lean burn engines; hence CO and HC emissions in the exhaust are less likely to occur in substantial amounts. The emissions of serious concern in compression ignition engines are particulate matter and nitrogen oxides because of elevated temperature conditions of combustion. Hence the researchers have strived continuously to lower down the temperature of combustion in order to bring down the emissions from CI engines. This has been tried through premixed charge compression ignition, homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI), gasoline compression ignition and reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI). In this study, an attempt has been made to critically review the literature on low-temperature combustion conditions using various conventional and alternative fuels. The problems and challenges augmented with the strategies have also been described. Water-in-diesel emulsion technology has been discussed in detail. Most of the authors agree over the positive outcomes of water-diesel emulsion for both performance and emissions simultaneously.

scholarly journals Optimization of the Performance of Marine Diesel Engines to Minimize the Formation of SOx Emissions

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 473-484
Author(s):  
Mina Tadros ◽  
Manuel Ventura ◽  
C. Guedes Soares
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Engine Speed ◽  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Polynomial Equations ◽  
Marine Fuel ◽  
Marine Engines ◽  
Marine Diesel ◽  
Marine Applications ◽  
Generate Polynomial

Abstract Optimization procedures are required to minimize the amount of fuel consumption and exhaust emissions from marine engines. This study discusses the procedures to optimize the performance of any marine engine implemented in a 0D/1D numerical model in order to achieve lower values of exhaust emissions. From that point, an extension of previous simulation researches is presented to calculate the amount of SOx emissions from two marine diesel engines along their load diagrams based on the percentage of sulfur in the marine fuel used. The variations of SOx emissions are computed in g/kW·h and in parts per million (ppm) as functions of the optimized parameters: brake specific fuel consumption and the amount of air-fuel ratio respectively. Then, a surrogate model-based response surface methodology is used to generate polynomial equations to estimate the amount of SOx emissions as functions of engine speed and load. These developed non-dimensional equations can be further used directly to assess the value of SOx emissions for different percentages of sulfur of the selected or similar engines to be used in different marine applications.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document