Anticlerical Discourse in Modern Russian Science

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4-1) ◽  
pp. 88-111
Author(s):  
Andrey Beskov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Political Discourse ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Religious Revival ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Traditional Religions ◽  
Russian Scientific ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
Role Of Religion

One can often read about the religious revival that came about in Russia after the collapse of Soviet power, both in the media and in scientific literature. According to opinion polls, the majority of Russians are believers, mostly orthodox Christians. The Russian state clearly patronizes religion, at least some specific ("traditional") religions. In socio-political discourse, the prevailing view is that religion is a good thing, and if sometimes religion is a source of problems, it is associated with some deviations from the norm, a perversion of the very essence of religion. This point of view can easily be found in Russian scientific periodicals. However, a critical attitude towards the growing role of religion in Russia is also often expressed in Russian science. The article highlights the main reasons for the dissatisfaction of scholars with the current state of affairs. It is also shown that such works have no influence on the religious situation in Russia. Although anti-clerical sentiments are quite clearly expressed in Russian science, they do not fall into the socio-political discourse, since there is simply no such force in Russia that could consistently promote the principle of secularism. In search of an additional electoral resource and a replacement for the Soviet ideology, the authorities did everything to enhance the importance of religion and strengthen the authority of religious leaders. As a result, today, despite the fact that the real level of religiosity of the population is apparently much lower than is commonly believed, politicians (even opposition ones) are not ready to openly doubt the positive role of religion, fearing PR problems.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF HINDUISM AND BUDDHISM IN PROMOTING INDIANNESS OUTSIDE INDIA: SCENARIOS OF SOUTHEAST ASIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 179-186
Author(s):  
Rahul Das
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Bilateral Relations ◽  
The World ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
The Government ◽  
Role Of Religion

Hinduism or Sanatana Dharma is considered to be the oldest religion in the world (Fowler 1997, p1). This religion originated in India. Similarly, India is also the birthplace of Buddhism. Apart from trade, religion was one of the means of inter-state communication and proximity in ancient times. It is through religion, ancient Indian civilization developed good relations and closeness with different parts of the world, one of which was Southeast Asia. Though Marx opined “Die Religion……ist das opium des volkes” or “religion…..is the opium of people”, but the positive role of religion cannot be denied in this case. Hinduism and Buddhism were the main driving force behind the Indianization or Sanskritization of Southeast Asian States. Buddhism and Hinduism are still among the most prevalent religions in this region, despite the subsequent large-scale conversion to Christianity and Islam. The influence of Indianness is evident in all the areas of this region, including ancient architecture, sculpture, art, painting, literature, language, script, lifestyle etc. These religions have never been limited to personal sphere of inhabitants of this region but have also flourished in the political and social spheres. These religions have sometimes been instrumental in unravelling colonial chains and sometimes in nation-building efforts. At present, the Government of India is very keen on finding the roots of ancient historical ties in establishing close bilateral relations with various countries, from that point of view, this following article will be considered very relevant.

Art and Morality

Philosophy ◽  
2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Sauchelli
Keyword(s):  
Moral Education ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Proper Function ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Ethical Criticism ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Works Of Art

A great number of works of art, it is commonly claimed, are aesthetically valuable. Some philosophers have even argued that providing an aesthetically pleasing experience is their only proper function. However, some of these artworks display or invite us to adopt an immoral point of view. Even worse, they even seem to make immoral situations delightful and appealing. The following questions thus arise: Does the alleged immorality of these works count as an aesthetic or artistic defect? Can an immoral movie or novel ever be a great example of its kind? In addition to these concerns related to art evaluation, the connection between various forms of art and morality has been investigated by discussing the capacity of works of art to move us emotionally. More specifically, thinkers from different traditions and ages have remarked that works of art are clearly able, first, to stir our emotions in a particularly effective way, and, second, to invite us to act following certain ideas that have been made appealing by their beauty or other aesthetic qualities. Plato was the first in the Western tradition to evaluate in a systematic way whether, as a consequence of the previous considerations, we should supervise the storytellers who are supposed to educate our youth. Other philosophers, from Aristotle to more recent advocates of the value of the humanities, have argued in favor of the positive role that truly great works of art may have in our moral education. Contemporary philosophers are also interested in the role of imagination in fictional immoral contexts (can we engage with immoral works of art and be justified in so doing?). They are also interested in the role played by art in contributing to our well-being and flourishing as human beings. The great majority of recent works on the topic, however, are focused on an assessment of the arguments in favor or against ethical criticism, with a particular emphasis on the criticism of representational works of art. Other issues at the intersection of art and morality are the concept of the obscene, the value of pornography, and censorship.

scholarly journals Reasonable standards for smart cities

2019 ◽  
pp. 96-102
Author(s):  
V. N. Zverev ◽  
S. V. Talenfeld ◽  
V. A. Shubarev
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Technical Committee ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Internet ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
Smart Communities ◽  
The Internet Of Things

The paper considers the issues of creating smart cities from the point of view of sustainable development of subjects, the role of the internet of things for a modern understanding of the development of smart communities, when the Internet has become the main means of communication not only for people, but also for subjects. The world experience of creation of normative base by technical Committee ISO/TC268 Sustainable development of communities is analyzed. The role of the internet of things (STK 1/ WG 10) is noted as an important part of the identified problem and for a understanding of the development of smart communities, when the internet has become the main means of communication not only for people but also for subjects. Particular attention is paid to the state of affairs in the standardization of requirements for «subjects of sustainable development» in theRussian Federation. Proposals have been developed for work in the establishment of common rules, regulations for such an urgent and multifunctional object of standardization, as the subject of sustainable development or a smart city.

scholarly journals RELIGION AND THE SOCIAL INTEGRATION OF EAST AFRICAN PROTESTANT CHRISTIAN IMMIGRANTS IN FINLAND

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Richard Ondicho Otiso
Keyword(s):  
Social Integration ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Host Society ◽  
Dimensional Approach ◽  
East African ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
New Host ◽  
The Social ◽  
Role Of Religion

Religion has been highlighted majorly in many scholarly works of sociologists as a key component of social integration. As people migrate from their countries of origin to different countries, they are often faced with difficulties of adapting into the new host society. As much as a lot of emphasis has been put on religion to be a positive influence in the process of social integration, it is not always the case. This article sought to point out the role of religion in social integration of protestant Christian immigrants in Finland as both a facilitator for social integration and a hindrance to social integration with focus on the experiences of East African Protestant Christian immigrants. Religious beliefs of the immigrants from respective countries of origin and the religiosity of the Finnish society serve as a foundation for the immigrant’s settlement and integration into the host society. This study described the process of social integration in a two dimensional approach whereby the first approach focused on the positive role of religion in immigrants integration and secondly the hindrance of religion in social integration. The study found out that religion is a major link in social integration and that it can facilitate social integration and as well hinder social integration, depending on the position it occupies within a host society. Such findings go a way to provide explanations as to why societies are different and why it is easy for religious immigrants to settle in certain societies than others.

scholarly journals The Role of Education and Income in Poverty Alleviation: A Cross-Country Analysis

2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pervez Zamurrad Janjua ◽  
Usman Ahmed Kamal
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Generalized Least Squares ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Positive Externalities ◽  
Country Analysis ◽  
Direct Income

The existing literature on education and poverty considers mostly primary data from an income point of view. However, the benefits of education vary from a direct income effect to positive externalities, which can help reduce poverty. This paper uses panel data for 40 developing countries for the period 1999 to 2007, and estimates coefficients by applying the random effect generalized least squares (GLS) technique. The study concludes, first, that income growth plays a moderately positive role in alleviating poverty, but that income distribution does not play a key role in poverty alleviation in the sample overall. Second, it concludes that education is the most significant contributor to poverty alleviation.

The position of Western and Eastern political scientists on the Mongolian Political Reality

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 53-62
Author(s):  
T. Beydina ◽  
◽  
A. Litovchenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Scientific Thought ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
Political Role ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Russian Scientific ◽  
Political Reality

The article analyzes the approaches of Western and Eastern political scientists in the study of political reality in Mongolia. The relevance of the work lies in the fact that the concept of “political reality” in general and in relation to Mongolia in particular was not previously considered in Russian scientific thought. The works of foreign and domestic political scientists-Mongol scholars mainly concerned the study of political processes in this country. A comparative analysis of the information base accumulated by representatives of Western and Eastern scientific thought makes it possible to identify problematic points when Russian scientists refer to it. Considering the question of the position of Western political scientists to the study of Mongolian political reality, it is necessary, first of all, to compare the development of scientific thought on political issues in the countries of the West and the East. Taking into account the main warring parties in the Mongolian political arena, without belittling the role of the Russian Federation in the region, it is advisable to focus on the comparison of the development of political thought in the United States and China, which is what the article is devoted to. Western researchers are now studying Mongolia no longer as an object of political interests, but as a subject of revolutionary actions. When developing the question of political reality in Mongolia, Western Mongol scholars adhere to the egocentric concept of democracy in relation to Mongolia. Chinese political scientists mainly consider the Mongolian issue from the point of view of potential threats to the sovereignty of their country, including taking into account the active actions of the United States to restrain China’s foreign policy in the region. In general, in the analysis of Western and Eastern researchers of the late XIX – early XX centuries, the political role of Mongolia was underestimated. However, a source base of empirical research was prepared, which formed the conditions for further study of this country as an object of political processes. At the same time, Mongolia is often considered as an integral part of Inner Asia, which includes both Mongolia itself and the Russian Altai, the Republics of Buryatia and Tyva, as well as the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of the People’s Republic of China. All this actualizes the need to develop the problem of the Mongolian political reality

The role of religious beliefs and practices in disaster

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adisaputri Gianisa ◽  
Loic Le De
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Response ◽  
Religious Beliefs ◽  
Muslim Country ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Beliefs And Practices ◽  
Response And Recovery ◽  
The Government ◽  
Role Of Religion

Purpose Over the last few years, there has been an increase of research interest on the role of religion in disaster. While some emphasize the positive role of religions during and after disasters, others rather point out that religion may lead to low perception of risk and create a fatalistic attitude in the face of such events. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the vivid debate on the role of religious beliefs and practices in disaster response and recovery, using the earthquake that hit Padang city in Indonesia in 2009. Design/methodology/approach A review of reports and policy documents published by the government and non-government organizations was done to understand external aid provided during and after the 2009 earthquake. Fieldwork was conducted from April to May 2016 in Padang city. Interviews were done with religious followers and leaders of the Muslim community, as the main religion in the country, and Confucians community, as the biggest minority in the area. Findings Drawing on interviews done with religious followers and leaders, the study highlights that religious beliefs and practices bond local people together and contributed to successful coping with disasters. It also emphasizes that religious communities can fill response and recovery gaps, such as when external intervention is limited. Practical implications Religious beliefs and practices, combined with other mechanisms, should be integrated within disaster risk reduction disaster management and activities as this would help build more resilient communities. Originality/value Indonesia is a country where religion is very important, being the biggest Muslim country worldwide. It is also highly vulnerable to natural-hazards related disasters. Yet, little research has been done in Indonesia on the role of religion during and after disasters. This paper aims to explore the role of religious beliefs and practices in disasters in the area where religion plays an important role in people’s everyday life.

scholarly journals O espaço religioso, a geografia e a MPB: Uma proposta para o ensino médio

GEOgraphia ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Ribeiro de Campos
Keyword(s):  
Popular Music ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Religious Institutions ◽  
Role Of Religion ◽  
The City ◽  
Geographical Locations

O artigo discute o uso da música e sua função nas escolas, fazendo análises sobre o estudo da religião pela Geografia, sobre os espaços geográficos considerados sagrados e sobre as características e o papel da religião no Brasil, incluindo letras da Música Popular Brasileira (MPB ) para colaborar na discussão a respeito do tema. Discute também o sincretismo religioso e a cidade de Aparecida do Norte (SP). e cita letras de músicas que criticam o papel de instituições religiosas elou de membros de sua hierarquia. Além disso, coloca diversas letras de MPB que podem ser utilizadas em sala de aula de ensino fundamental e médio pois pretende, basicamente, proporcionar alternativas de ensino para quem ministra aulas de Geografia. Abstract  The article discusses the use of music and its role at school, analyzing the study of religion from Geography's point of view, the Geographical locations considered sacred and also the features and the role of religion in Brazil, enriching the analysis with lyrics of the Brazilian Popular Music (MPB). It discusses as well the reliiious syncretism and the city of Aparecida do Norte (SP), mentioning lyrics that criticize the role of the religious institutions andlor members of its hierarchy. Besides, it includes MPB lyrics that can be used at classroom at different school levels. Mainly, it intends to provide alternatives of teaching for Geography teachers.  

scholarly journals The Influence of Carbon Tax on the Feasibility of Industrial Project: A Case Study of Heat Exchanger Replacement at PT Kaltim Methanol Industri, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 196
Author(s):  
Wingo Wira Dewanatan ◽  
Muhammad Kurniawan Adiputra ◽  
Imam Karfendi Putro ◽  
Soni Hartanto ◽  
Jonas Kristanto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Carbon Tax ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Financial Policies ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Industrial Project ◽  
The Cost

Petrochemical industries have faced growing pressure to decrease their carbon emission from direct and indirect sources. This work aims to demonstrate a carbon tax’s introduction to a feasibility study on the heat exchanger (HE) replacement project at PT Kaltim Methanol Industri, Indonesia. The project was aimed to avoid methanol release as much as 48.88 MT/year. The release of methanol can also be associated with CO2 emission with an emission factor of 0.6 ton CO2e/ton methanol. Here, we investigated the influence of inclusion and exclusion of carbon tax to monetize the CO2 release. From the project investment point of view, carbon tax inclusion is expected to increase the cost-saving. Introduction of the carbon tax as high as 10 USD/ton CO2e with 5% annual increase gives IRR value of 7.06% with Payout Time (PoT) of ca. 11 years. The IRR value without carbon tax scenario is 6.68 % with the same range of PoT. Hence, the inclusion of carbon tax may increase the feasibility of the project. This work has demonstrated the positive role of the carbon tax to increase the feasibility of a project which inlines with the national initiatives to curb the CO2 emission from chemical industries. It is also worth noting that introduction of carbon tax should be accompanied by a reorganization of government incentives, including several financial policies to create a conducive atmosphere for investors in Indonesia.

Ukraine and Russia

2021 ◽  
pp. 763-781
Author(s):  
Heather J. Coleman
Keyword(s):  
Church And State ◽  
Religious Revival ◽  
Religious Development ◽  
The Common ◽  
Collapse Of Communism ◽  
Church State Relations ◽  
State Relations ◽  
Role Of Religion ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter describes the intertwined religious and political histories of Russia and Ukraine, focusing on church–state relations and religion’s role in relations between the two nations. It analyzes the common origins of these countries in medieval Kyivan Rus’, and the ongoing debate about the significance of the decision to accept Orthodox Christianity in 988 to both the relationship between church and state and the cultural orientation of Russians, Ukrainians, and Belarusians. It traces the legacy of separate religious development in the medieval era; changing church–state relations in Russia; the use of religion as a mode of governance; the civilizational debate about Orthodoxy and European identity; the experience under the Soviet regime; religious revival amid the collapse of communism; and post-communist tensions about the role of religion in a pluralist society, and about competing visions of a ‘Russian World’ on one hand and autocephaly for Ukrainian Orthodoxy on the other.

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