scholarly journals Agronomic bio-fortification of iron, zinc and selenium enhance growth, quality and uptake of different sorghum accessions  

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Tamoor Qureshi ◽  
Muhammad Faizan Ahmad ◽  
Nasir Iqbal ◽  
Hasnain Waheed ◽  
Sajad Hussain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Food And Feed ◽  
Growth Quality ◽  
Sorghum Accession ◽  
Uptake Of Nutrients

Agronomic bio-fortification is one of the main approaches for mitigation of micronutrient shortage in human populations and endorses sustainable production of food and feed. Studies related to agronomic bio-fortification of crops are mainly focused on single or rarely two micronutrients application, and no attempt has made to study the combined effect of zinc (Zn), iron (Fe) and selenium (Se) on forage sorghum. Therefore, this research was accomplished to evaluate the effect of Zn, Fe and Se bio-fortification on diverse sorghum accessions. The field experiments were conducted in a randomised complete block design with a split-plot arrangement. The treatments comprised of Zn (10 mg/L as ZnSO<sub>4</sub>∙5H<sub>2</sub>O), Fe (7 mg/L as FeSO<sub>4</sub>∙7H<sub>2</sub>O), Se (3 mg/L as SeSO<sub>4</sub>) and CK (control) were applied to five sorghum accessions: G<sub>1</sub> (Y-16), G<sub>2</sub> (YSH-166), G<sub>3</sub> (YSH-134), G<sub>4</sub> (YSS-98) and G<sub>5</sub> (YSH-132). According to our results, the sorghum accession G<sub>5</sub> showed superiority over all other accessions and produced maximum values of all growth and quality traits except grains number per panicle and 1 000-grain weight. All applied micronutrients (Zn, Fe and Se) enhanced the growth, quality and uptake of nutrients in sorghum accessions. However, Se recorded the highest plant height, stem diameter, 1 000-grain weight and Zn produced the maximum protein, oil and starch contents. Conclusively, it can be concluded that G<sub>5</sub> with Se must be used to achieve the optimum values of agronomic traits, while G<sub>5</sub> with Zn found more effective to improve the quality traits of sorghum.  

Genetic main effect and genotype×environment interaction for cooking quality traits in a diallel set of Indica rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peyman Sharifi ◽  
Hamid Dehghani ◽  
Ali Moumeni ◽  
Mohammad Moghaddam
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Cooking Quality ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Ge Interaction ◽  
Main Effects

Genetic main effects and genotype × environment (GE) interactions were determined for cooking quality traits of rice (Oryza sativa L.) using a complete diallel cross of seven. The field experiments were carried out over 2 years as a randomised complete block design with two replications. Amylose content (AC), gel consistency (GC) and gelatinisation temperature (GT) were affected by both genetic effects and GE interaction. Grain elongation (GEL) was found to be controlled by genetic main effects and general combining ability (GCA) × environment interaction. The high magnitude of GCA variances for all traits indicated that additive effects were more prominent in the determination of these characteristics. Narrow-sense heritabilities for AC, GT, GC and GEL were 61.21, 60.83, 29.98 and 52.29%, respectively. Among the genetic and GE interaction effects, GCA and GCA × environment were the main components for all traits. Relatively large narrow-sense heritabilities for AC, GT and GEL indicated that selection for these traits could be possible. However, due to the significance of genotype × year effects for AC, GT, and GEL genetic materials should be evaluated over several years in breeding programs.

Performance, heterosis and heritability in selected tropical maize single, double and three-way cross hybrids

2002 ◽  
Vol 138 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. B. SALEH ◽  
D. ABDULLAH ◽  
A. R. ANUAR
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Broad Sense ◽  
Broad Sense Heritability ◽  
Tropical Maize ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Parental Inbred ◽  
Ear Number

A series of tropical maize hybrids, involving 10 single, four double and four three-way crosses were evaluated with their parental inbred lines and three control varieties, at Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia, in a randomized complete block design, with three replications. The objectives were to identify hybrids superior for yield, yield components and other agronomic traits, to estimate heterosis revealed by the hybrids, and to estimate broad-sense heritability for important characters in the populations. The hybrids were found to vary highly for grain yield and most other traits measured. High estimates of heterosis were shown by grain yield, ear weight and grain weight per ear, moderate for plant and ear heights, shelling percentage, ear diameter, number of kernel rows per ear, number of kernels per ear row and 100-grain weight. The hybrids flowered and matured earlier than their respective inbred parents. Estimates of broad-sense heritability also varied with characters. Moderate heritability was shown for grain yield indicating a substantial amount of genetic variation in this population of hybrids. Low and negligible heritability for days to silking and 100-grain weight indicate that these traits were very much influenced by environmental factors. Based on the overall performance of the hybrids, the single cross, SC-2, the double cross, DC-11 and the three-way cross, TWC-15, were found to have high potential. No obvious differences were observed in performance among the three categories of hybrids, the single, double and three-way crosses.

scholarly journals Allelopathic Potential of Teff Varieties and Effect on Weed Growth

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 854
Author(s):  
Haftamu Gebretsadik Gebrehiwot ◽  
Jens Bernt Aune ◽  
Ole Martin Eklo ◽  
Torfinn Torp ◽  
Lars Olav Brandsæter
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Ability ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Allelopathic Activity ◽  
Weed Growth ◽  
Four Blocks ◽  
Hand Weeding

Allelopathic potential of 10 teff varieties was assessed in laboratory experimentation (conducted in NIBIO, Norway), and determined with an agar-based bioassay using ryegrass and radish as model weeds. Field experiments were conducted in Tigray, Ethiopia during 2015 and 2016 to identify the most important agronomic traits of teff contributing to its weed competitive ability. A split plot design with three blocks was used considering hand weeding as the main plot and varieties as the subplot. Randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four blocks was used in the laboratory experiment. The highest potential allelopathic activity (PAA) and specific potential allelopathic activity (SPAA) were recorded from a local landrace with an average PAA value of 11.77% and SPAA value of 1.21%/mg respectively, when ryegrass was used as the model weed. ‘Boset’ had the highest average PAA value of 16.25% and an SPAA value of 1.53%/mg, when using radish as the model weed. The lowest PAA and SPAA values were recorded from ‘DZ-Cr-387′ when using ryegrass and radish as model weeds. Days to emergence, height, tiller no./plant, biomass yield, and PAA of the crop significantly contributed to the variance of the weed biomass, cover, and density. Hence, they were the most important agronomic traits enhancing the competitive ability of teff.

scholarly journals Effect of Dwarfing Gene Ddw1 on Height and Agronomic Traits in Spring Triticale in Greenhouse and Field Experiments in a Non-Black Earth Region of Russia

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Kroupin ◽  
Anastasiya Chernook ◽  
Gennady Karlov ◽  
Alexander Soloviev ◽  
Mikhail Divashuk
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Spike Density ◽  
Dwarfing Gene ◽  
Winter Triticale ◽  
Spring Triticale ◽  
1000 Grain Weight ◽  
New Crop

Triticale is a relatively new crop which still possesses serious drawbacks that can be significantly improved by breeding. The dwarfing genes proved to be very useful in the development of new lodging resistant and productive cultivars of winter triticale. The aim of our research was to assess the effect of the Ddw1 dwarfing gene from rye on the agronomic valuable traits in spring triticale. The Ddw1 effect was studied in the greenhouse experiment in segregating the F2:3 population and in the field of F3:4 and F4:5 families derived from crossing winter triticale ‘Hongor’ (Ddw1Ddw1) and spring triticale ‘Dublet’ (ddw1ddw1). As a result, in all three generations, a strong decrease in plant height was demonstrated that was accompanied by a decrease in grain weight per spike and 1000-grain weight. In field experiments, a decrease in spike length and increase in spike density and delay in flowering and heading were observed. As a result of decrease in culm vegetative weight due to Ddw1, the harvest index measured in F4:5 increased. The spike fertility and number of grains were not affected by Ddw1. The comparison of Ddw1 in rye, winter, and spring triticale, and the possible role of Ddw1 in improving spring triticale are discussed.

scholarly journals Multi-environmental evaluation of wheat tetraploid genotypes for agronomic traits under rainfed conditions in Syria

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Maysoun M. Saleh ◽  
Walid A. Ali ◽  
Mohammed H. Alwan ◽  
Zaeda Alsayd Suliman ◽  
Rajaa Kenaan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Environmental Evaluation ◽  
Rainfed Conditions ◽  
Spike Number ◽  
Control Sham

This study was conducted at Homs, Al-Swaida and Tartous, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research, Syria during 2016 and 2017 season. Seven wheat genotypes were planted under rainfed conditions in randomized complete block design with three replications. Studied traits were days to maturity, plant height, number of grain per spike, grain weight per spike, 1000 kernal weight and grain yield per plant to evaluate variance between genotypes and locations. Results showed existence of high variance between studied genotypes in all traits especially plant height. It resulted that genotype W45193 was significantly superior in grain yield per plant with an increasing rate of 69.62% comparing to control Sham 5. Also, it was significantly superior in spike numbers with an increasing rate of 53.53%, 57.24% compared to both controls Sham 3 and Sham 5, respectively. Genotype W45064 was significantly superior in grain weight per spike and 1000 kernal weight compare to both controls Sham 3 and Sham 5. W 45194 was significantly superior in 1000 kernal weight comparing to control Sham 5 (36.34, 31.16 g), respectively. Furthermore, all studied traits (except spike number per plant) were more significant in Tartous compare to both Homs and Al-Swaida.

scholarly journals Variability of quantitative and qualitative traits of coloured winter wheat

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 102-111
Author(s):  
Alžbeta Žofajová ◽  
Michaela Havrlentová ◽  
Miroslav Ondrejovič ◽  
Maroš Juraška ◽  
Barbora Michalíková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Breeding Goal ◽  
Red Variety ◽  
Grain Colour

Abstract The aim of research was to analyse winter wheat of different grain colour and to compare newly bred coloured genotypes from our breeding in grain yield and technological and nutritional quality. The set of seven purple, five blue and four yellow wheats of different origin, including seven newly bred genotypes from Vígľaš-Pstruša, was evaluated in the field experiments established by randomised complete block design in two replications in Piešťany, in the vegetations 2012/13 and 2013/14. In seven wheat varieties differing in grain colours (selected after two of each colour plus control red variety Ilona) anthocyanin composition was evaluated by HPLC analysis. Significant differences were between growing years and among colour groups in most analysed traits. Blue grain newly bred K 3575 699/3 showed the highest anthocyanin content (by 33.5% higher compared to blue grain registered variety Scorpion). However, blue grain genotypes showed negative agronomic traits combined with low number and grain weight per spike and high plant height. In new purple variety PS Karkulka, declared grain yield and its quality were confirmed and the highest mineral content (Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn) was found in selected set. Purple grain newly bred PS 5711 had lower anthocyanin content (by 17.7%), but in quality it was comparable to PS Karkulka. Varieties with yellow endosperm showed the highest number and weight of grains per spike, however it was significantly lower to Ilona. The breeding goal of coloured winter wheat is still to improve the grain yield as well as additional agronomics traits.

scholarly journals Heritability and genetic advancement on agronomic characters of Toraja red rice x Inpari-4 white rice genotypes

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Y L Limbongan ◽  
Driyunitha DRIYUNITHA ◽  
Rinaldi Sjahril ◽  
MUH. RIADI ◽  
IRMA JAMALUDDIN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
System Of Rice Intensification ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Agronomic Characters ◽  
White Rice ◽  
Rice Genotypes

Abstract. Limbongan YL, Driyunitha, Sjahril R, Riadi M, Jamaluddin I, Okasa AM, Panga NJ. 2021. Heritability and genetic advancement on agronomic characters of Toraja red rice x Inpari-4 white rice genotypes. Biodiversitas 22: 3446-3451. Determination of genetic diversity, heritability, and genetic advance on specific agronomic characters of cross-breed red rice genotypes (Toraja red rice Pare Lea’ x Inpari-4) was done in Tallunglipu, North Toraja, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The experiment was designed using a randomized complete block design. Twenty-one days old seedlings were transplanted following the system of rice intensification practices. Selection was conducted at F2 as a novel method to speed up genetic advancement and ensure progeny production with desired agronomic traits. Results indicated existence of a considerably high level of diversity among genotypes tested, where the highest value for genetic advance was observed in filled-grain weight per hill of F2 plants (983.890), followed by plant height (335.124), and filled-grain weight per hill of F1 (306.645). The highest estimate of broad-sense heritability was recorded in 1000-grain weight (0.915), number of productive tillers (0.788), plant height (0.765), flag leaf length (0.705), filled-grain weight per hill (0.688), and harvest age (0.594). Genetic advance of agronomic characters between genotypes varied from 1.631-38%, where the highest estimate was recorded in filled-grain weight per hill (38%) and plant height (24.648%). The above-mentioned characters could be used for selection in further rice breeding programs to obtain plants with superior genotypes.

scholarly journals Effect of zinc application on quality traits of barley in semi arid zones of Turkey

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (No, 7) ◽  
pp. 328-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Kinaci ◽  
E. Kinaci
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Malting Quality ◽  
Arid Zones ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Thousand Grain Weight ◽  
Zinc Application ◽  
Semi Arid

Field experiments were carried out to study effects of zinc application on quality traits of barley in 1994&ndash;1996. The treatments were applied as 0 and 23 kg/ha of zinc sulphate and incorporated into soil before sowing. The experimental design was split plot with four replications. Barley genotypes responded differently to zinc application in relation to thousand grains weight, protein content and starch content. A significant increase was determined for thousand grain weight in cultivars Tokak 157/37 and Cumhuriyet 50, for protein content in Orza, B&uuml;lb&uuml;l 89 and Anadolu 86, for starch content in Karatay 94 and Cumhuriyet 50, while a significant decrease has been found for thousand grain weight in Karatay 94 and Obruk 86 and for protein content in Karatay 94, Cumhuriyet 50 and Tarm 92. When feeding and malting quality are considered together, Karatay 94 and Cumhuriyet 50 are the most suitable cultivars for growing in zinc-applied soils of semi arid areas.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity based on agronomic and fruit quality traits in gboma eggplant (Solanum macrocarpon L.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-38
Author(s):  
OT Adeniji ◽  
PM Kusolwa ◽  
SWOM Reuben
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Phenotypic Diversity ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Fruit Quality Traits

Solanum macrocarpon L is a fruit and leaf vegetable in sub-Sahara Africa. The genetic diversity of the crop remains largely unexploited consequently there is a dearth of genetic information on agronomic and fruit quality traits. Agronomic and fruit quality variability and association among traits were evaluated. Twenty – six accessions were grown in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Measurements taken on agronomic and fruit quality traits were subjected to a combined analysis of variance, Principal Component Analysis and grouping using Unweighted Pair Group Method Arithmetic Average using option Ward’s. There were significant differences (P≤0.05) among the accessions for all the traits, while Genotype by Year Interaction (GYI) showed insignificant effects for most traits except plant height at flowering and maturity and seed yield. High broad sense heritability suggested the preponderance of both additive and non-additive genetic action for agronomic and fruit quality traits. The percentage contribution of agronomic traits toward the genetic diversity was maximum in plant height at flowering and plant height at maturity. Positive correlation coefficients was recorded between days to 50% flowering and fruit infructescence/plant (r = 0.45, P≤ 0.05). Dendogram analysis revealed three distinct groups with overlap of traits and no relationship between geographic location and phenotypic diversity. Hybridization among MM 268, MM 10256, MM 150 and MM 10161 may bring together gene constellations for earliness, fruit yield and delayed time to fruit browning. Superior genotypes are recommended for use in hybridization schemes for variety development and the subsequent molecular characterizationBangladesh J. Agril. Res. 43(1): 25-38, March 2018

scholarly journals Evaluation of Hybrid and OPV Maize Varieties for Grain Yield and Agronomic Attributes under Farmer's Field Conditions at Dukuchhap

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 17-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min N. Paudel
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Bivariate Correlation ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Ear Height ◽  
Study Support ◽  
Stalk Lodging

Field experiments were conducted during two consecutive years 2006 and 2007 in full season of maize (May-Sep) at Dukuchhap, Lalitpur to find out impact of growing hybrid and OPV maize in different rows combinations with respect to their pure stands in same environment of growing and to sort out non-lodging maize varieties. The experiments consisted of an open pollinated variety (OPV) 'Deuti' and hybrid 'Gaurab' in different row combinations (50% hybrid + 50% OPV, 75% hybrid + 25% OPV, 75% OPV + 25% hybrid plus their pure stands). The results showed that Gaurab (yellow, flint type) and Deuti (white, semi- flint type, selected from CIMMYT's material ZM 621) did not vary significantly in grain yield and yield components. There was no effect of mixed row culture between the OPV and hybrid for grain yield and yield attributes. A bivariate correlation coefficient between agronomic traits and ear traits indicated that there was a positive relation among these traits. However, a positive and highly significant (r = 0.766**) relationship between ear fill and ear length was observed while a very weak relation (r = 0.096*) between grain weight/ear and ear height was also noticed suggesting taller the ear height lower the grain yield/ear and vice versa. The findings of the study support that plant height and ear height were weakly related with other ear traits; nevertheless, these were highly related to grain weight/per plant. To cope with stalk lodging problem and to attain higher grain yield these varieties are equally potential and recommended to grow under Dukuchhap conditions.Nepal Agric. Res. J. Vol. 9, 2009, pp. 17-20  DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/narj.v9i0.11637

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